人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册：Unit 2 Looking into the Future Words and Expressions课件（57张ppt)

(共57张PPT)
UNIT 2 Looking Into the Future
Words and Expressions
Goals:
1. Learn the usages of some words and expressions
2. Use the words and expressions flexibly according to the situation
1. persuade
教材原句：
For example,the phrase in my opinion tells us that the passage is likely meant to persuade.
比如, in my opinion 这个短语告诉我们, 这篇文章可能意在说服。
[p swe d] vt. 劝说; 说服
___________[p swe n] n. 说服; 劝说
___________[p swe siv] adj. 有说服力的；
persuasion
persuasive
1） In the end I persuaded him of its truth.
最终,我使他相信这是真的。
2）It was hard to persuade him to give up/into giving up smoking.
说服他戒烟很难。
3）He persuaded me out of going to the party.
他说服我不去参加聚会。
根据下面例句，总结 persuade 的用法
persuade sb. of sth 使某人相信某事
persuade sb. to do sth.=persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
persuade sb. out of doing sth. =persuade sb. not to do sth. 说服某人不做某事
persuade sb to do sth 说服某人做某事,强调劝服的结果;而advise / try to persuade sb to do sth劝说某人做某事,强调劝说的动作。
我极力劝他学日语,但他觉得这不是个好主意。
I tried to persuade him to learn Japanese,but he didn’t think it a good idea.
=I advised him to learn Japanese,but he didn’t think it a good idea.
【温馨提示】
练一练
1) We __________him __________________(take) the job.
我们说服了他接受这份工作。
2) My mother finally __________ me ____________________ (go) to the party.妈妈最终说服我不参加这次聚会。
3) How can I _________you _____my sincerity？
我如何能让你相信我是真诚的？
persuaded
to take / into taking
not to go / out of going
persuaded
persuade
of
2. switch
[sw t ] vt. 转换; 交换; (使)改变; 转变 n.开关; 转换器; 改变
教材原句：Or, have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer
或者,你是否忘记过关电视或电脑
______________关/开(电灯、机器等)
switch off/on
关闭/打开 =turn off/on
(用于开关电灯、机器、电器、燃气、水、手机等)
根据下面例句，总结 switch 的用法
1) If you press a button or switch, you will make the machine work.
2) We had to make a switch in our arrangements.
3) She successfully switched from a singer to a film star.
4) Please switch on the lights.
5) We’ve switched over to telephone banking.
6) I switched these books with my sister.
你如果按下按钮或开关，就会让机器工作起来。
我们不得不对我们的安排做些改变。
她成功地从一名歌手转型为一位电影明星。
请开灯。
我们已经改用电话银行服务了。
我和我妹妹交换了一下这些书。
make a switch in 在……方面做出转变
switch from … to … 由……转变为…… switch/turn on/off 打开/关上（电器等）switch over to 转变；换频道，转换到 switch sth. with sb. 和某人交换某物
练一练
1) Ladies and gentlemen, please___________________________(关闭手机)! The meeting is about to begin.
2) The wind __________________________ (由北转向了南) in the evening.
3) He first majored in history but then ______________ (转为) art.
4) She _____________(做出改变) in our plan to go swimming when it started to rain.
5) Where are the ________ (switch) in this room on this machine
switch off your mobile phones
switched from north to south
switched over to
made a switch
switches
3. distant: adj. 遥远的; 远处的; 疏远的; 心不在焉的
be +[距离]+distant from 离…[有…]远
in the not too distant future 在不久的将来
in the far/distant future: 在遥远的将来
distance: Cn/Un. 距离; [sing.]远处; [U]遥远
in the distance: 在远处 by distance 按里程
at/from a distance 从远处，隔一段距离
keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持一定的距离，
对某人冷淡
distantly adv. 遥远地，冷淡地
4. secure adj. 安全的; 安心的;可靠的; 牢固的
vt. 获得; 拴牢; 保护
be/feel secure about 对…有把握
be secure against/from sth. 免遭某事/没有…的危险
secure sth. against/from sth. 保护某物免遭…
secure sth. to sth. 把…栓牢在…
a secure job/income 稳定的工作/收入
insecure adj. 不安全的，不可靠的
security: n. 安全; 平安; 保护措施; 安全工作
securely adv. 安全地，安心地
1)These smart homes will keep us , save us energy,
and provide a more comfortable environment to live in.
2)At last they were able to feel about the future.
3)Has she found a job with good pay
4) The president some support from the
middle class.
5)You must the school attack.
secure
secure
secure
has secureded
secure
against
5. remote: adj. 远程的; 偏远的
[比较级 remoter 最高级remotest]
in the remote/past future 在遥远的过去/将来
a remote control 遥控器
remotely adv. 遥远地，偏僻地，冷淡地
distant adj. 遥远的; 久远的 (指在空间或时间上遥远的)
faraway adj. 遥远的; 远方的 (指距离很远的,只作定语)
far adj. 远的; 遥远的 (指空间距离远的)
6. automatic adj. 自动的
automatically: adv. 自动地，无意识地
7. efficient : adj. 效率高的; 有功效的
efficiently: adv. 有效地; 效率高地
effective : adj. 有效的
1)She is really a very efficient person.
2)We must make the most efficient use of the money.
3)The factory is very efficient at making medicine.
8. preference
[ prefr ns] n. 爱好; 偏爱
________ [pr f ] v. (更) 喜欢；愿意；宁愿
prefer
教材原句：Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences,so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.
你的家也会了解你的日常习惯和喜好,所以每天晚上你回家时,一切都会为你准备就绪。
1) I have a preference for sweet food.
我更喜欢甜食。
2) We give preference to those who have a good knowledge of first aid.
我们优先考虑那些掌握急救知识的人。
根据下面例句，总结 preference 的用法
have a preference for...
express/show preference for...
give（ a） preference to 给......以优惠/优待；
优先考虑
偏爱
prefer (doing) sth.
prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth.
prefer to do sth.
prefer sb. to do sth.
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
【想一想】prefer用法：
更喜欢/宁愿……
喜欢……而不喜欢……
宁愿做某事
宁愿某人做某事
宁愿做……而不愿做……
孩子们宁可骑自行车到乡下去，也不愿整天待在家里。
1) The children preferred _______ (cycle) to the countryside to _______ indoors all day.
2) The children preferred ___________ to the countryside rather than _______ indoors all day.
【语境应用】完成句子。
cycling
staying
to cycle
stay
练一练
1) You prefer healthy food _____ fast food.
2) Unlike fast food places, fine dining shops prefer customers ___________(stay) longer and spend more.
3) We give _________(prefer) to those who have worked with us for a long time.
4) I have a strong_____________(prefer) for sweet food over spicy.
5) Lucy _______sweets as her snacks while Lily has a _________ for nuts. (prefer)
6) Which is your ___________, tea or coffee (prefer)
preference
preference
preference
preference
prefers
to stay
to
9. instant
[ nst nt] n. 瞬间; 片刻 adj. 立即的; 速食的; 速溶的
_________: adv. 立刻; 马上
instantly
教材原句：
Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favorite music or TV programs.
当你一进门，灯光就会随着你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目一起亮起来。
the instant = instantly/ as soon as/the moment/ the minute/immediately/ directly 一……就……
in an instant 立刻，马上
for an instant 一会儿
instant coffee 速溶咖啡
instant noodles 方便面
1） Your mother will be back ____________. 你妈妈马上回来。
2） I couldn't answer ______________. 我一时答不上来。
3）I want to have a cup of________coffee. 我想要杯速溶咖啡。
4）I woke up __________ the phone rang. 电话一响我就醒了。
练一练
for an instant
in an instant
the instant
instant
mand
[k mɑ nd] n. 指令; 命令; 控制 vt. 命令; 控制
commander n.
负责人，指挥官
教材原句：All controls will respond to voice commands, so if you want to change your routine, you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey.
所有的控制系统都会对语音指令做出反应，所以如果你想改变你的日常生活，只要大声说出你想要什么，家庭系统就会服从。
1).My mother has a good command of several languages, such as English, French, Danish.
2).The officer commanded his soldiers to fire.
3). The army is under the king's command.
4). He commanded that the students (should) cross the river.
根据下面例句，总结 command 的用法
我妈妈精通好几种语言，比如英语、法语和丹麦语。
那名军官命令士兵们开火。
这支军队由国王的控制。
他命令学生们过河。
have a ... command of sth. 精通/控制某事
command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
be under the command of=be under one’s command
由某人指挥/控制
command + that从句（从句should +V原，should可省）命令做……
用法小结：
练一练
【语境应用】 完成句子。
1) He’s studied in the US and _________________________________ (精通英语).
2) You must obey ________________________ (老师的命令).
3) I command _______________________________________________ (你立即动身).
4) The headmaster has 400 teachers __________________
校长手下有400名教师。
has a good command of English
the teacher’s commands
you to start at once/
that you (should) start at once
under his command
11. obey vi./vt. 服从; 遵守
obey a command/an order 服从指挥/命令
obey the rule/law 遵守规章/法律反义词：
disobey vi/vt 不服从，违抗
12. warning: n. 警告; 警示; 先兆
give [sb.] a warning [向某人]发出警告
without [any] warning 没有[任何]先兆
a warning signal 警告信号
warning of / about sth. 关于某事的警告
warn: v. 警告; 告戒; 提醒注意
warn sb. of/about/against sth. 提醒某人注意某事
warn sb.[not] to do sth. 告诫/警告/提醒某人[不]做某事
warn sb. against doing sth. 提醒某人不要做某事
13. constant: n. 常数; 常量
adj. 不断的; 重复的; 不变的
constantly: adv. 始终; 一直; 重复不断地
14. abnormal adj. 不正常的; 反常的
normal adj. 正常的;平常的
15. critical : adj. 严重的; 关键的; 批判性的
critical point 转折点
be critical to sth. 对…至关重要
be critical of 对…持批评的态度
critic n. 评论家
criticize v. 批评，评论
criticize sb. for sth./doing sth. 因…指责某人
critically adv. 批判性地
16. potentially adv. 潜在地; 可能地
potential adj. 可能的，潜在的
n. 潜力，可能性
develop one’s potential 开发某人的潜力
achieve/fulfil/realize one’s potential发挥某人的潜力
have potential for doing sth. 有可能/有潜力做某事
have the potential to do... 有潜力做某事
1)We should try to help all students realize their full potential.
2)He has the potential to become a world-class musician.
17. leak vi./vt. 漏; 渗漏; 透露
n. 漏洞; 裂缝; 透露
leak sth. to sb. 向某人泄露某事
leak out 泄露，走漏，透露
1)The pipe has leaked a lot of water. 管道漏了很多水
2)The editor leaked the news to the press(新闻界) last night.
3)The leak in the roof will be repaired tomorrow.
4)There is a leak in the gas pipe.
18. electrical adj. 电的; 用电的
electricity n. 电
electric adj. 电的;用电的;带电的;发电的;电动的
electric 通常指使用电力使其工作的东西
electric lights/blankets/cars电灯/电热毯/电动汽车
electrical则与更概括的名词如equipment,
wiring[电线] 等连用, 以及与电有关的事物连用。
不过现在两者的区别并不总是如此明显
electrical equipment/appliances /power/
energy/wiring/signal/engineer/shock:
电气设备/电器/电力/电能/电线线路/
电信号/电气工程师/触电
electric light(lamp)/guitar/drill/chair/
clock/bell/ fan /iron/stove/power/shock:
电灯/电吉他/电钻/电椅/电钟/
电铃/电扇/电熨斗/电炉/电力/触电
19. wire n.电线; 金属丝/线
v. 接通电源; 将…连接到
wire ... (up) to... 将…连接到...
wire sth. up 用导线给某物[建筑物/设备]接通电源
wireless adj. 无线的
1)Don’t touch that wire or you will get a shock.
2)Make sure the wires don’t touch.
3)Is your house wired up now
4)The woman was wired up to a police recorder.
20. detect vt. 发现; 查明
detect a change/difference 察觉变化
detect the disease 查出疾病
detective n. 侦探，警探，私人侦探
detective novel / fiction 侦探小说
detectable adj. 可检测的，可发觉的
detection Un. 侦查，探测，发现，察觉
detector n. 检测器，侦查器
1)The tests are designed to detect the disease early.
2)It is difficult to detect the cause of the girl’s death.
21. relevant adj. 有关的; 有意义的
be relevant to 与…有关
relevant information 相关信息
irrelevant adj. 无关的；不切题的
be irrelevant to sth./sb. 与…不相关
relevantly adv. 有关地，切题地
related: adj. 相关的;有联系的
be related to... 与…有联系
relate to 涉及…
relate… to… 把 …和…联系起来
22. catch fire: 着火(表动作，不与时间段连用)
be on fire: 着火(表状态，可与时间段连用)
set…on fire=set fire to... 放火烧…
put out a fire 灭火 fight a fire 救火
make a fire 生火 play with fire 玩火,做危险的事
23. available
[ ve l bl] adj. 可获得的; 可购得的; (人)有空的
教材原句：Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes.
许多这些新发明已经可以购买,并在一些家庭中使用。
1). The documents are available for inspection.
这些文件可供查看。
2). Not enough data is available to scientists.
科学家没有足够的数据。
3). I'm afraid I 'm not available to help with your homework.
恐怕我没有时间帮你做作业了。
根据下面例句，总结 available 的用法
be available to...
......可获得；可被......利用
be available for 对......有用
be available to do sth. 有空做某事
练一练
1). Mr. Smith __________________ the meeting on Thursday.
史密斯先生没有时间参加星期四的会议。
2). __________________ this afternoon
今天下午她有空吗
3). I'm afraid__________________ help with the show on the 19th.
恐怕19号的演出我没空帮忙。
4).________________________, because it is being repaired.
我的自行车现在不能用，因为它正在修理。
My bike is not available now
I'm not available to
Will she be available
was not available for
24. in this sense (in…sense):
从这种(某种)意义上来讲
in a/one way = in some ways:在某种程度上
in a sense 在某种意义上 in no sense 决不
make sense of 弄明白…
make no sense 毫无意义
a sense of humor/duty/belonging幽默感/责任感/归属感
there is no sense doing sth. 做某事毫无道理
In this sense, women and men have equal rights.
bine vt./vi. (使)结合; 混合
combine… and/with… 把…与…合并
combine against 联合起来反对…
combine to do sth. 联合起来做某事
combination n. 联合体;混合体;结合;联合;混合
in combination with … 与…结合/联合
combined adj. 结合的，合并的
be combined with 与…相结合
26. can’t help but do sth.
忍不住[或无法抑制]做某事
不可能避免做某事;不得不做
can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事
can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事
27. artificial adj. 人工的; 人造的; 假的
artificial flower/smile: 假花
artificial light/material/product/fur
/leather/diamond/pearl/silk
人造的光/材料/产品/皮毛/皮革/钻石/珠宝/丝绸
28. predict vt. 预测; 预言; 预料
be predicted to do sth. 预计做某事
be hard/difficult to predict 难以预计
it is predicted that… 据预测…
as sb. had predicted 正如某人所预料
prediction n. 预测; 预言; 预告
make a prediction/predictions 做出预测
predictable adj. 可预见的 反: unpredictable
predictor n. 预言者
1)It is impossible to predict what will happen.
2)Nobody can predict the result of the experiment.
29. forecast vt./n. 预测; 预报
weather forecast: 天气预报
forecast sth. to do sth. 预测某物做某事
forecast the future 预测未来
1)The weather forecast said it would snow hard
tomorrow.
2)Some experts are forecasting a recovery in the
economy.
3)Heavy rain is forecast/forecasted for tonight.
4)The report forecasts that prices will rise by 4%
next year.
30. occupation n. 职业;占领 occupied adj.已占用的
be under occupation 在占领下
occupy v. 占领; 占据; 担任;使用;占用
occupy oneself in doing sth./with sth.
= be occupied in doing sth./with sth.
= be busy doing sth./with sth. 忙于[做]某事
31. oppose: vt. 反对; 抵制; 阻挠
oppose[sb.]doing sth. 反对[某人]做某事
opposed adj. 相反的
be opposed to [doing] sth. 反对(做)某事
opposition n. 反对，反抗
in opposition to sb./sth. 强烈反对/抵制…
opposite [prep.介词] 在…对面，adj. 对面的,相反的
adv. 在对面 n. 相反的人或物；对立物
be opposite to 与…相反
have the opposite effect 起反作用
32. cease: vi./vt. (使)停止; 终止 (正式用词)
cease doing sth. =cease to do sth.
停止做什么
stop doing… 停止[正在做的]...
stop to do… 停下来去做...
33. absence: n. 不存在; 缺乏; 缺席
in the absence of…: 缺乏
during one’s absence: 某人不在期间
absent: adj. 缺席; 缺少; 无
be absent from…: 缺席/缺乏/...
34. advocate
[ dv ke t] v. 提倡; 支持; 拥护 n. 提倡者; 支持者; 拥护者
教材原句：They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard
work, family, and community.
他们提倡简单的生活，强调努力工作、家庭和社区。
1)We do not advocate the use of violence(暴力).
我们不提倡使用暴力
2)Many teachers advocate praising your child for his good behaviour.
许多老师提倡表扬孩子的良好行为。
3)The report advocated that all buildings be fitted with smoke detectors.
报告主张所有的建筑物都应安装烟火探测器。
根据下面例句，总结 advocate的用法
advocate sth./ doing sth. 提倡/支持/拥护做......
advocate that ...(should)+v 提倡 ......
1) In fact, many experts advocate only __________ (show) two or three times a week.
事实上，许多专家提倡一周只洗两到三次澡。
2) It is advocated that the government ________________(set up) a special organization to protect these migrating birds.
有人主张成立一个专门的组织来保护这些候鸟。
3) We should ___________________________.
我们应该提倡平等的教育
练一练
showering
(should) set up
advocate an equal education
35. emphasis n.强调;重视;重要性 (pl. emphases)
put/lay/place emphasis on sth
强调/重视/着重于…
emphasize/emphasise v. 强调; 重视
emphasize the importance of … 强调…的重要性
1)They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on
hard work, family, and community.
2)Our factory puts emphasis on quality.
3)In China great emphasis is placed on education.
36. keep in touch (with...): (与…)保持联系;
了解(某课题或领域的情况)
keep/stay/be in touch with… 与…保持联系
be out of touch [with] [与…]失去联系
【以上词组表状态，可与一段时间的状语连用】
get in touch [with] [与…]取得联系
lose touch [with…] [与…]失去联系
【以上两个词组表示动作，不可与表示一段时间的
状语连用】
37. resist v. 抵制; 反抗; 抵挡
resist doing sth. 反对/忍住做…
can’t resist[doing] sth.
忍不住/抵抗不住[做]某事
resist heat/the enemy 耐热/抵抗敌人
it is hard to resist sth. 难以拒绝/抵抗某事
resistance n. 抵制，反对，抗拒
resistant adj. 抵抗的，反抗的
38. accurate adj. 精确的; 准确的
to be accurate 精确地说 [用作插入语]
accurately adv. 准确地; 正确地
accuracy n. 精确，准确
1)It is difficult to make accurate prediction about the effects on the environment.
2)Our clock is not very accurate.
3)They haven’t given us accurate information.
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