长郡中学2022届高三月考试卷（六）
英语 参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
答案 C A C B B C A B A B A B C B A
题号 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 B A C A C B C D C D C C A C D
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
答案 B B B A A G B D C E C D A C A
题号 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
答案 B C B B D A B A A D
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个世界上最棒的图书馆，重点介绍了这些图书馆的发展历史、图书特点以及规模大小等。
21．B。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The National Library of France．．．dates back to the 14th century”可知，法国国家图书馆的历史可以追溯到14世纪；由此可知，这四个图书馆中法国国家图书馆的历史最长，故B项正确。
22．C。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，这座由荷兰建筑师设计的图书馆于2013年开放，其内部资源丰富，包括成人和儿童图书馆、音乐作品集、莎士比亚纪念室，甚至健身房。C项Take some exercise是对文中“gym”的同义表达，故C项正确。
23．D。推理判断题。根据第三段第二句和最后一段第二句可知，法国国家图书馆和西雅图中心图书馆的共同之处是它们都由不止一名设计师设计完成，故D项正确。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者到非洲做志愿者的工作经历，论述了志愿者工作的独特意义。
24．C。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“Namibia gained independence in 1990”可知，纳米比亚在1990年获得独立，所以在1990年以前纳米比亚是被其他国家统治的，故选C。
25．D。词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“often barefoot”以及“few possessions”可知，孩子们的生活非常艰苦，而且由画线词前面的“only one”可知，他们每人仅有一件校服，所以“threadbare”应表示“破旧的”，故只有D项“shabby”符合语境。
26．C。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Simply adapting to the living conditions was a big adjustment．”可知作者适应了当地的生活环境，体现出其适应能力很强。根据“I had no electricity…degrees Celsius!”可知纳米比亚的生活条件很艰苦，可是作者却能“end each day with a splendid African sunset”以及“have an incredible pollution-free view of the entire Milky Way（银河）”，由此可知，作者是一个非常乐观的人，故选C。
27．C。推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I am extremely grateful that I was sent there”以及倒数第二段中的“awakened me to not only the limitations we place on ourselves”和最后一段可知，这段经历让作者意识到走出自己的舒适区并且在另一个环境中挑战自己的极限的重要意义，所以关于这段经历她心存感激。C项中的“challenging her limits”照应了文中的“awakened me to not only the limitations”，故选C。
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了反消费主义其实是富人对工人阶级的生活选择进行贬低的运动，忽视了环境问题的真正原因，这种运动丝毫不会让环境问题得到改善。
28．A。由第二段内容及第三段中的“but to blame these issues on Christmas shoppers is misguided，and puts us in the old trap of blaming individuals for what is a systematic problem”可知，环保主义者把环境问题归咎于购物者是错误的。故选A。
29．C。 推理判断题。 根据第五段中的As journalist Leigh Phillips argues，“This is one of the few times of the year that people can even hope to afford such ‘luxuries’，the Christmas presents their kids are asking for，or just an appliance that works．”可知，Leigh Phillips把Boxing Day看作难得的购物机会。故选C。
30．D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，对环境有严重损害的是富人，而不是在Boxing Day购物的普通民众，所以文章提到Roman Abramovich是为了表明环保主义者没有弄清环境问题的根本原因。故选D。
31．B。本文介绍了环保主义者认为环境问题是普通民众购物造成的，而反消费主义实际上是富人对工人阶级的生活选择进行贬低的运动，忽视了环境问题的真正原因。故选B。
【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了一项新的科学研究。研究表明植物会对外在威胁相当警觉，会自动做出反应进行自我保护。
32．B。推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可推知，John Orrock在西红柿植株附近的泥土上喷洒液体的目的是给予植物一种警告，让它们能够产生自我保护性反应，且其与第三段第一句中的“his team measured the slimy warning's impact on another potential threat”呼应，故选 B。
33．B。推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可推知，文章中提到毛虫的例子是为了验证研究的结果，故选B。
34．A。推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句并结合对最后一段的整体理解可推知，Richard Karban实际上想了解的是西红柿植株是如何意识到危险的，故选A。
35．A。标题归纳题。根据文章中的关键词plant，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述的是有关植物的科学研究，研究发现植物有对外在威胁或攻击的自我保护性反应，故选A。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，从文字和图片的起源分析了文字与图片相结合的作品受欢迎的原因。
36．G。 根据上文“People are lucky enough to have had books with both pictures and words when they were children．”可知，人们很幸运，当他们还是孩子的时候，就有了既有图片又有文字的书，此处承接上文，讲的是这种书的好处，故G项（他们常常把图片和词语记得一样清楚）符合语境。
37．B。根据上文“Somehow，pictures had also come to seem childish or strange．”可知，图片对人们来说变得有点儿幼稚，再结合下文“Just as the ever-increasing popularity of the graphic novel（连环画小说）suggests，works with both words and pictures are regarded as classics．（正如连环画小说日益流行所表明的那样，文字和图片都被视为经典作品。）”可知，此处意思发生了转折，即：人们喜欢图片与文字相结合的作品，B项（然而，读者喜欢通过图片讲述的故事）符合语境。
38．D。 根据下文“In fact the former develops from the latter．Early writing systems such as those in Egypt and China：things in the world were expressed in written form by drawing special pictures．（事实上，前者是从后者发展而来的。早期的书写系统，如埃及和中国的书写系统：世界上的事物都是通过画特殊的图形的书面形式表达的。）”可知，本段讲文字与图画之间的关系，即：文字是从图片发展而来的，故D项（毕竟，文字和图片之间并没有太大的区别）符合语境。
39．C。上文在讲文字和图片的紧密联系——文字是从图片发展而来的，下文“In some languages，the sound associated with an image is separated from its original meaning．（在一些语言中，与图像相关的声音与它的原始含义是分离的。）”表明有些文字与图片之间就没有联系，故C项（然而，文字和图片并不总是相互联系的）符合语境。
40．E。 根据上文“As for a picture book for adults，author Tokarczuk sweeps away all doubts．She adores the picture book．”可知，作为一本适合成人阅读的图画书，作者Tokarczuk打消了所有的疑虑。她很喜欢图画书，此处承接上文，继续说明作者Tokarczuk的观点，故E项（对她来说，这是一种强有力的、古老的讲述故事的方式）符合语境。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在失去亲人后的心理状态很不好，由于受到别人的帮助而恢复正常之后，她也用同样的方式帮助失去亲人的熟人。
41．C。本题可利用感彩关联解题。根据空前的“stumbled（跌跌撞撞地走）”以及文章首句可推知，作者听到亲人去世的噩耗时，有些不知所措，虽然是在收拾行李，却不知道该把什么放进手提箱里。wonder“感到疑惑，想知道”。
42．D。本题可利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据上文可知，作者和丈夫一直在为搬家而收拾行李，由此可推知，当时作者的家里应该是很杂乱（mess）。
43．A。本题可利用感彩关联解题。根据上句“I tried to hold my tears．”和本句中的“picked things up and put them down”可推知，作者因为听到弟弟去世的噩耗而悲伤不已，乱了方寸。aimlessly“无目的地，无计划地”符合语境。
44．C。本题可利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据语境可知，作者当时的心理状态非常不好，不能集中精力做事情。focus“集中（注意力、精力等）”符合语境。
45．A。本题可根据生活常识解题。根据上句“Larry phoned a few friends．”可推知，作者的丈夫将作者失去弟弟的事情告诉了一些朋友，他们接着就不断地（Constantly）打电话说愿意提供帮助。
46．B。本题可利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据语境可知，作者当时并不知道需要朋友们提供什么样的帮助。call for“呼吁”；ask for“要求，请求”；talk about“谈论”；get across“解释清楚”。
47．C。本题可利用作者态度关联解题。根据本句中的“I asked her to repeat”可推知，作者当听到Donna 说是来帮她清理鞋子时感到困感（Confused）。touched“受感动的”；shocked“震惊的”；amused“逗乐的”。
48．B。可利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据本句中的“When my father died”和“to get the shoes cleaned and shined for my father's49”可推知，Donna应该是说她为了参加父亲的葬礼（funeral）去清理鞋子并把它们擦亮，这花了她数个小时（hours）的时间。
49．B。参见上题解析。
50．D。本题可利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据上句“Shoes were gathered．”和语境可推知，当鞋被收集到一起之后，Donna在地板上找到舒适的位置（settled）开始清理鞋。
51．A。根据语境可知，Donna用行动所展示的关爱让作者感动得流泪。release“释放”。
52．B。 本题可利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据上文“Donna __50__ herself on the floor and got to work．”可知，当时Donna在专心地清理鞋。keep on“继续，反复做”；concentrate on“集中（注意力）于”；insist on“坚持”；depend on“依靠”。
53．A。根据上文可知，作者当时因为亲人的突然离世而乱了思绪，而看到Donna专心地帮她清理鞋让她的思想（thoughts）恢复到了正常状态。
54．A。根据上文中的“Watching her __52__on one task”可知，“我”会想一件能满足那个失去亲人的熟人需要（need）的具体的（specific）工作。
55．D。参见上题解析。
【语篇导读】本文为一篇说明文，主题语境是“人与社会”。随着阅读习惯的转变，越来越多的人几乎发现不了传统书籍的魅力，年轻人花在刷手机上的时间过多，导致他们所得知识碎片化。
56．the。考查冠词。take the place of“代替”，为固定用法，故填定冠词the。
57．That。考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为主语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分且意义完整，故填That。
58．sweeping。考查非谓语动词。spend time（in）doing sth．“花费时间做某事”，故用现在分词形式。sweep在此处表示“扫视”。
59．comparison。考查名词。by/in comparison with．．．“与……相比较”为固定搭配，故填所给词的名词形式。
60．plays。考查主谓一致。句中缺少谓语，主语“Reading articles and short posts”为单数概念，故用plays。
61．practical。考查形容词。根据空前的冠词a和空后的名词manner可知，此处应填入所给词的形容词形式。
62．aspects．考查名词单复数。 根据空后的“its philosophical development，its scientific development and its technological development”可知，此处表示复数意义，故用aspect 的复数形式。
63．without。考查介词。根据句意可知，此处表示“没有书的帮助，人们无法推动这些发展”。
64．barely。考查副词。空处修饰动词discover，故用副词形式barely。
65．to seek。考查非谓语动词。a need to do sth．“需要做某事”为固定用法。therefore 为插入语。
第四部分
第一节
【参考范文】
Dear Johnny，
Hearing that you are hosting an activity to select “The Most Qualified Student” of this school year，I am writing to recommend my best friend Tom to you．
Firstly，Tom，who is among the most diligent students in our school，not only studies hard but also behaves well．Besides，he stands out for his diverse hobbies，including painting and playing the violin．In addition，he is warm-hearted and willing to help others in need，for which I recommend him to you．
Hopefully，my recommendation is of use to you．
Yours，
Li Huа
第二节
【参考范文】
She followed me，her mind wandering．Minutes later，we started to climb a steep slope．Jane sighed，dragging her legs behind me．I was surprised to find some rarely-seen trees and flowers，and took many photos but Jane showed no interest．She stopped and sat on a rock，thirsty，sweaty and bored．I handed her a bottle of water and we took a break．“I missed my phone，” she complained as we continued climbing．Though unhappy，she just climbed along with me．
Reaching the top，Jane widened her eyes，shouting，“How awesome !” She looked around dreamily，her eyes twinkling with indescribably wild excitement．A refreshing breeze brushed the mountain top，miles of trees spread out below us and birds chirped between branches．We sat on a large rock and ate sandwiches，enjoying the sounds，the smells and the sunlight．“Anyone still wants her phone？” I joked．She rolled her eyes，laughing out loud．The next morning，Jane danced to my room，crying，“Let's hike around the lake today．” Sure，get our backpack then，I beamed，relieved and joyful．
听力材料
Text 1
M：Ah，you're here．The movie only started 5 minutes ago，so you haven't missed much．
W：Sorry I'm late．I set off half an hour ago，（1）but 15 minutes later I realized I'd left my purse at home．
Text 2
W：Hey，I just noticed you put cream on your strawberries．I thought you hated it．（2）
M：Yeah，（2）I'm trying to get a taste of it．I always envy people when I see them putting it on things like chocolate cakes and biscuits．
Text 3
W：My mom helped me with my homework and I got all the questions right．
M：Well，your mom was wrong．Answer the questions again on your own．I set this exercise for my students，not their parents．（3）
Text 4
W：I set off after you called me，Dad．How is Mom？（4）
M：She's fine，Marie．（4）She slipped on the stairs．It looked worse than it was．
W：I called Tom and Lucy and told them Mom had had an accident．They'll be here shortly．
Text 5
M：I can't get Peter to wake up．I shook him when his alarm went off．Then I went back five minutes later and shook him again．（5）
W：Have another try．He has an exam today so he can't be late for school．
Text 6
W：I can't wait to watch the game，Martin．This is the first time I've ever been to a soccer game at a stadium．
M：This is not a soccer game．It's American football．
W：You mean it's a rugby game？
M：No，no，no．You've got them all wrong．．．The game is on．Look! They use an oval（椭圆形的）ball in an American football match．They can also pass the ball with their hands．Now watch the game．
W：Oh，I'm a little disappointed．
M：What are you talking about？It's exciting．（6）
W：Listen，Martin．I know American football is also good，but I'm a big fan of soccer．I came here only because I thought we were going to watch a soccer game．（7）
Text 7
M：Hi Dorothy，just checking，you haven't ordered the new company notepaper yet，have you？（8）
W：I intended to do it this morning．It's the next thing on my list．Why，is there a problem？
M：Hold fire on that．I overheard Carl telling Geoff that we might be moving to a new office soon．We don't want to be giving people the wrong address．（9）
W：Really？I did hear about that a while ago，but I thought it couldn't be true．I'd better find out what's happening before I place the order．（10）
M：Yes，do that．It came as a surprise to me as well．
W：I wouldn't mind a change of scenery，and a bigger office would certainly be very welcome．
Text 8（第11 题为总结题）
M：I've just got the last estimate（估价）for fixing the roof of the house．We decided that the Arkwright's estimate is too expensive，didn't we？And although the one from Jackson Builders is the cheapest，I don't really trust them to do a good job．
W：I think you're right there．They didn't fill me with confidence．
M：So that leaves us with Valley Builders and Prestons．
W：Personally，I think that Prestons are more professional，and will probably do the best job．（12）But their estimate is 1000 more than Valley Builders'．I'm not sure they're worth that much more．
M：I think you're right．We should go for Valley Builders．They're a good company and lots of our neighbors have had work done by them．Do you want to send them an email and ask if they can start as soon as possible？（13）
W：Yes，I'll do that now．（13）
Text 9
W：Morning．
M：Good morning．Which floor shall I press？（14）
W：Fourth please．（14）
M：Ah，same as me．
W：You're not here for the interview as well，are you？（15）
M：I am indeed．（15）
W：Ha-ha，so maybe we shouldn't be talking to each other，then．
M：I don't think it's likely to make much difference．When is your appointment？（15）
W：Let me see…in exactly 10 minutes．
M：Oh，you're before me．Mine will begin in half an hour．（15）
W：Looks like you got here too early．
M：Well，I didn't want to leave anything to chance．I could have been stuck in traffic or something like that．
By the way，what made you apply for the job？（16）
W：I like the idea of working in the city center．（16）There are some good shops around here．
M：Yes，but parking the car might be expensive．
W：Well，I'll be coming on the subway if I get the job，so that won't matter．
M：What's that sound？
W：What？Oh，excuse me．It's my phone．I need a louder ring tone．I can't always hear it if it’s in my handbag．Excuse me，I'll have to take this call．（17）
Text 10
A new study suggests watching more than three hours of television a day doubles memory loss in older people．（18）（19）Scientists at University College London used memory and fluency tests on the same group of people six years apart．（18）They found that the memory of those who watched more than three hours a day declined by an average of eight to ten percent．The research team believes that watching television may be putting additional stress on the mind，which contributes（导致）to memory decline．（19）
Older people who watch more television are also less likely to participate in activities．And those activities are usually known to preserve mental function，such as reading，using the Internet or playing video games．The researchers say that television viewing may also be a risk factor for Alzheimer's（阿尔兹海默病），but more research is needed to confirm this link．
While watching television may have educational and relaxation benefits，the researchers advise that adults over the age of 50 should try to balance television viewing with other activities．（20）If you're concerned that the amount of television you're watching could have a negative impact on your health，you should control the amount of TV watching each day and take up some healthy hobbies instead．长郡中学2022届高三月考试卷（六）
英 语
得分：
本试题卷共10页。时量120分钟。满分150分。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt？
A． 19.15． B． 9.18． C． 9.15．
答案是C。
1．When did the woman leave for the movie？
A．5 minutes ago． B．15 minutes ago． C．30 minutes ago．
2．Which food does the man usually avoid？
A．Cream． B．Biscuits． C．Chocolate．
3．What is the probable relationship between the speakers？
A．Relatives． B．Fellow students． C．Teacher and student．
4．Who told Marie about the accident？
A．Tom． B．Her father． C．Lucy．
5．How many times has the man tried to wake Peter up？
A．Once． B．Twice． C．Three times．
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．How does the man feel about the American football match？
A．Confused． B．Disappointed． C．Interested．
7．Why did the woman come to watch the game？
A．She thought it was a soccer game．
B．She'd like to share the man's hobby．
C．She wanted to see how exciting it was．
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What does the man ask the woman about？
A．The gifts for new co-workers．
B．The order of new notepaper．
C．The address of the new company．
9．Why does the man tell the woman to wait？
A．The company’s address might change．
B．Carl told Geoff about a mistake．
C．The paper is too expensive．
10．How does the woman feel about the news？
A．Angry． B．Doubtful． C．Encouraged．
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What are the speakers mainly discussing？
A．Which fixing company they should choose．
B．How much they have spent．
C．When the fixing will begin．
12．What does the woman say about Prestons？
A．They are unreliable．
B．They do high-quality work．
C．They charge the lowest price．
13．What does the woman agree to do？
A．Ask for a lower price．
B．Respond to all the builders．
C．Email Valley Builders．
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．Where are the speakers probably？
A．In an office． B．In a lift． C．In a car．
15．How soon will the man be interviewed？
A．In 30 minutes B．In 15 minutes． C．In 10 minutes．
16．Why does the woman want to get the job？
A．She likes the working time．
B．She likes working in downtown．
C．She likes going to work by subway．
17．What will the woman do next？
A．Answer the phone．
B．Talk more with the man．
C．Visit some shops nearby．
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．How do scientists at University College London measure memory loss？
A．By recording the time people spend on TV．
B．By tracking people's living habits．
C．By using memory and fluency tests．
19．What leads to memory decline in older people？
A．Watching television for hours．
B．Playing video games for hours．
C．Surfing the Internet for hours．
20．What do the researchers suggest older people do？
A．Make more friends．
B．Sleep eight to ten hours per night．
C．Balance TV viewing with other activities．
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
While it's the books that make a library，being in lovely surroundings may provide inspiration and help you to work a little bit harder．Here are some of the coolest libraries of the world．
The Library of Birmingham—Birmingham，U．K．
The new Library of Birmingham is said to be not only Britain's biggest public library，but also the largest in Europe．Designed by Dutch architects，this replacement for the Birmingham Central Library was opened in 2013 and has a wealth of resources within its walls，including adults and kids' libraries，music collections，a Shakespeare Memorial Room，and even a gym．Gardens crown the roof，while the changing seasons bring variations in the shadows and reflections inside．
The National Library of France—Paris，France
The National Library of France，which now contains an astonishing collection of 30 million，dates back to the 14th century and this royal library was set up at the Louvre Palace by King Charles V．The library was moved to Ruede Richelieu in 1868，with major design work carried out by French architects Henri Labrouste and，following his death，Jean-Louis Pascal．Here，the reading rooms are elegance themselves．There are more than just books to be found．
The State Library of New South Wales—Sydney，Australia
The public State Library of New South Wales holds the honor of being the oldest institution of its kind in Australia．It was originally set up as the Australian Subscription Library in 1826，but it wasn't until 1942 that its permanent home was ready．Designed by Sydney architect Walter Liberty Vernon and completed in 1910，the magnificent sandstone Mitchell Wing is one of the architectural highlights．
Seattle Central Library—Seattle，Washington，USA
Seattle Central Library's distinctive design ensures it stands out．Architect Rem Koolhaas is one of the names attached to its design．Architects sought to envelop the 11-story building with “a layer of transparency”，using a skin of glass and metal．The public library houses about 1.45 million books and other things，as well as more than 400 computers available for public use．The building，which opened in 2004，was included on the American Institute of Architects ‘list of Americans’ 150 favorite structures in 2007．
21．Which of the following libraries has the longest history？
A．The Library of Birmingham．
B．The National Library of France．
C．The State Library of New South Wales．
D．Seattle Central Library．
22．What can you do in the Library of Birmingham？
A．Attend a concert． B．Act in a play．
C．Take some exercise． D．Enjoy new technology．
23．What do the National Library of France and Seattle Central Library have in common？
A．They have computers available．
B．They were moved to a new place．
C．They won awards for architecture．
D．They were designed by more than one person．
B
After college I wanted to make a difference in the world，so I joined the Peace Corps and became a volunteer teacher in Namibia，my country of assignment（任务）．Honestly，my first choice wasn't Africa，but I am extremely grateful that I was sent there．
Various tribes and racial groups live in Namibia and a number of languages are spoken．When Namibia gained independence in 1990，English became the official language．Teachers were supposed to teach in English，but many lacked the language skills to do so．My job was to train the teachers．
Schools were quite bare．Some classrooms consisted merely of sticks stuck in the sand and a metal roof．Each student had only one threadbare uniform．The students had exhausting days．They walked miles to get to school，often barefoot．They also did many daily chores．Even with their mountains of work，few possessions and little opportunity，these children were joyful．I admired that．
This was my first time living abroad in a different culture．Simply adapting to the living conditions was a big adjustment．I had no electricity，running water，phone or Internet．Imagine no air conditioning where the temperature was often above 38 degrees Celsius! However，I could end each day with a splendid African sunset．And at night，I could have an incredible pollution-free view of the entire Milky Way（银河）．
Before Namibia，I never thought a girl like me would adapt to such an environment．My experience awakened me to not only the limitations we place on ourselves，but also our amazing ability to adapt．
Step outside of your comfort zone and throw yourself in another culture．You won't regret it．
24．What do we know about Namibia before 1990？
A．Everyone could speak many languages．
B．Teachers taught English as an official language．
C．It was ruled by other countries．
D．Teachers had a good command of English．
25．What does the underlined word “threadbare” in Paragraph 3 mean？
A．Ancient． B．Uncomfortable． C．Ugly． D．Shabby．
26．Which of the following best describes the author according to Paragraph 4？
A．Honest and fearless． B．Brave and clever．
C．Adaptable and optimistic． D．Generous and kind．
27．Why did the author feel grateful to volunteer in Namibia？
A．She gained pure friendship from African children．
B．The beautiful scenery in Africa impressed her a lot．
C．She succeeded in challenging her limits．
D．Africans' hard life touched her deeply．
C
Each year，backed up by a growing anti-consumerist movement，people are using the holiday season to call on us all to shop less．
Driven by concerns about resource exhaustion，over recent years environmentalists have increasingly turned their sight on our “consumer culture”，with Groups such as The Story of Stuff and Buy Nothing New Day growing as a movement that increasingly blames all our ills on our desire to shop．
We clearly have a growing resource problem．The products we make，buy and use are often linked to the destruction of our waterways，biodiversity，climate and the land on which millions of people live，but to blame these issues on Christmas shoppers is misguided，and puts us in the old trap of blaming individuals for what is a systematic problem．
While we complain about environmental destruction over Christmas，environmentalists often forget what the holiday season actually means for many people．In fact，for most，rather than an add-on to an already heavy shopping year，Christmas is likely the only time of year they have the opportunity to spend on friends and family，or even just to buy the necessities needed for modern life．
This is particularly true for Boxing Day，often laughed at by anti-consumerists the most．While we may look down on the queues in front of the shops，for many，those sales provide the chance to buy things they've needed all year．As journalist Leigh Phillips argues，“This is one of the few times of the year that people can even hope to afford such ‘luxuries’，the Christmas presents their kids are asking for，or just an appliance that works．”
Indeed，the richest 7% of people are responsible for 50% of greenhouse gas emissions．This becomes particularly harmful when you take into account of our consumption “problem” anyway．Why are environmentalists attacking these individuals，while ignoring people like Russian billionaire Roman Abramovich，who has his own 1.5bn yacht with a missile defence system（带导弹防御系统的游艇）？
Anyway，anti-consumerism has become a movement of wealthy people talking down to the working class about their life choice，while ignoring the real cause of our environmental problem．It is no wonder no one is changing their behaviour—or that environmental destruction continues without becoming any less severe．
28．What can be inferred about the environmentalist movement from Paragraphs 2 and 3？
A．It has targeted the wrong persons．
B．It has achieved its intended purposes．
C．It has solved the environmental problems．
D．It has persuaded consumers not to shop any more．
29．What does Leigh Phillips think of Boxing Day？
A．A trap for consumers．
B．A tough problem to deal with．
C．A precious shopping opportunity．
D．A positive contribution to the economy．
30．For what purpose is Roman Abramovich mentioned in the text？
A．To show how rich he is．
B．To announce he is a Russian．
C．To present his contributions to the environment．
D．To suggest the real cause of environmental problems hasn't been found．
31．What is the text mainly about？
A．The environmental problems are very serious．
B．Less shopping can't solve the environmental problems．
C．Resources are becoming fewer and fewer on the earth．
D．Measures should be taken to protect the environment．
D
Plants cannot run or hide，so they need other strategies to avoid being eaten．Some curl up their leaves，others produce chemicals to make themselves taste bad if they sense animals drooling on them，chewing them up or laying eggs on them—all signals of an attack．New research now shows some flora can feel a plant-eating animal well before it launches an attack，letting a plant prepare a preemptive（先发制人的）defense that even works against other pest species．
When ecologist John Orrock of the University of Wisconsin-Madison sprayed snail slime—a liquid the animals release as they slide along—onto soil，nearby tomato plants appeared to notice．They increased their levels of an enzyme（酶），which is known to prevent plant-eating animals．“None of the plants were ever actually attacked，” Orrock says．“We just gave them cues that suggested an attack was coming，and that was enough to cause big changes in their chemistry．”
Initially Orrock found this defense worked against snails；in the latest study，his team measured the slimy warning's impact on another potential threat．The investigators found that hungry caterpillars（毛虫），which usually eat tomato leaves greedily，had no appetite for them after the plants were exposed to snail slime and activated their chemical resistance．This nonspecific defense may be a strategy that benefits the plants by further improving their overall possibilities of survival，says Orrock，who reported the results with his colleagues in March in Oecologia．
The finding that a snail's approach can cause a plant response that affects a different animal made Richard Karban curious，a plant communications expert，who was not involved in the study．“It is significant that the plants are responding before being damaged and that these cues are having such far-ranging effects，” Karban says．The research was comprehensive，he adds，but he wonders how the tomato plants felt chemicals in snail slime that never actually touched them．
“That's the million-dollar question，” Orrock says．He hopes future research will make out the mechanisms that enable plants to sense these relatively distant cues．
32．John Orrock sprayed a liquid onto soil near tomato plants to ______．
A．make them grow better
B．give them a warning
C．keep plant-eating animals away
D．inform plant-eating animals of danger
33．Why is the example of “caterpillars” mentioned in Paragraph 3？
A．To introduce another animal．
B．To confirm the result of the study．
C．To appeal to people to protect animals．
D．To analyze different resistance chemicals．
34．What does Richard Karban really want to know？
A．How tomato plants become aware of danger．
B．What the chemicals in the snail slime are．
C．Whether the research is of practical value．
D．What the finding of the research is．
35．What can be a suitable title for the text？
A．Watchful Plants B．Greedy Animals
C．A Snail's Approach D．A Defense Attack
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
From the ancient Chinese stories，to the stories in the medieval cathedrals（中世纪的教堂）in the west，it is perfectly clear that there is strong pleasure and meaning to gain from stories told through images or pictures．People are lucky enough to have had books with both pictures and words when they were children．__36__
After the world wars，the cheap books without pictures were everywhere and it made reading books illustrated with pictures for adults a very luxurious thing．Somehow，pictures had also come to seem childish or strange．__37__ Just as the ever-increasing popularity of the graphic novel（连环画小说）suggests，works with both words and pictures are regarded as classics．
__38__ In fact the former develops from the latter．Early writing systems such as those in Egypt and China：things in the world were expressed in written form by drawing special pictures．__39__ In some languages，the sound associated with an image is separated from its original meaning．
What is the use of a book without pictures？Very little，it turns out，particularly if we consider that pictures are buried within the very symbols used to write words．As for a picture book for adults，author Tokarczuk sweeps away all doubts．She adores the picture book．__40__ This kind of story is able to get through to anyone—regardless of age，cultural differences or level of education．It's hard to disagree．
A．Because it is hard to read books with pictures． B．And yet readers love stories told through pictures． C．However，words and pictures are not always connected． D．Text and picture，after all，are not so far apart． E．For her it is a powerful，old way of telling a story． F．Adults are thought foolish to read such books． G．They often remember the pictures as clearly as the words．
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Earlier that evening，my mother called，telling me that my brother died in a car crash．I stumbled（跌跌撞撞地走）around the house __41__ what to put into the suitcases．My husband，Larry，and I had been packing for moving to New Mexico．The house was in（a）total __42__．
I tried to hold my tears．I __43__ picked things up and put them down．I couldn't __44__．What I'd heard on the phone echoed（回荡）through my head．
Larry phoned a few friends．__45__，someone asked to speak to me．“If there is anything I can do，let me know．” “Thank you，” I replied．I didn't know what to __46__．
The doorbell rang and I rose slowly for the door．It was Donna．
“I've come to clean your shoes，” she said．__47__，I asked her to repeat．“When my father died，it took me __48__ to get the shoes cleaned and shined for my father's __49__，” she said．I hadn't even thought about shoes．
Shoes were gathered．Donna __50__ herself on the floor and got to work．The love in the act __51__ my tears．Watching her __52__ on one task helped me pull my __53__into order．Laundry first，I told myself．One by one，the jobs fell into place．
Now whenever I hear of an acquaintance's loss of a loved one，I think of one __54__ task that suits that person's __55__．If the person asks，“How did you know I needed that？” I'd reply，“Because someone did that．”
41．A．forgetting B．imagining C．wondering D．searching
42．A．damage B．failure C．despair D．mess
43．A．aimlessly B．helplessly C．quickly D．decisively
44．A．hurry B．decide C．focus D．move
45．A．Constantly B．Fortunately C．Suddenly D．Surprisingly
46．A．call for B．ask for C．talk about D．get across
47．A．Touched B．Shocked C．Confused D．Amused
48．A．minutes B．hours C．weeks D．decades
49．A．satisfaction B．funeral C．smiles D．wishes
50．A．laid B．stood C．rested D．settled
51．A．released B．held C．stopped D．caused
52．A．keeping B．concentrating C．insisting D．depending
53．A．thoughts B．rooms C．sadness D．luggage
54．A．specific B．normal C．challenging D．perfect
55．A．idea B．personality C．identity D．need
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Newspapers，magazines，even online articles offer reading materials．More strictly speaking，reading means reading books．However，online materials are taking __56__ place of books，and reading books seems to go out of fashion nowadays．_57__ reading habits have changed can be felt from the amount of time young people spend __58__（sweep）through short videos on their smartphones．
Some people claim short videos contain much information，and are easier to look through．But by __59__（compare）with books，short videos have fragmented（碎片化）and disorganized contents，which could affect people's understanding of a subject．Reading articles and short posts __60__（play）an important role in integrating knowledge and achievements．But fragmented knowledge could prevent us from acting in a __61__（practice）manner or thinking logically．
A country's true development is measured from such __62__（aspect）：its philosophical development，its scientific development and its technological development．Cultural development，too，is important．But __63__ the help of books，people cannot take the development forward．Since more and more people could __64__（bare）discover the charm of reading now，there is a need，therefore，__65__（seek）novel ways to guide them towards books．
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假如你是李华，你校英文报要评选本年度“最美中学生（The Most Oualified Student）”。请你用英语给校英语编辑Johnny写一封推荐信。要点如下：
1．被推荐人的基本信息；
2．说明推荐理由。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
3．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
This past summer，my family went on our annual vacation in a cottage on a lake．There were various activities to keep everyone busy：swimming，fishing and building sand castle on the beach．In the evenings，we gathered on the beach，having great fun．
However，by the third day of our vacation，I noticed my sister，Jane，spent most of her time watching videos and looking through online shops indoors．She was so addicted to her cell phone! Over dinner，I told Jane we would hike to the top of the mountain across the lake the following morning．I stared at her，“Put your phone away and enjoy the scenery．It's really amazing．”
“Well，” Jane shrugged（耸）her shoulders and answered unwillingly，“there are some bargains tomorrow in several online shops，so I'll not be available．”
“Come out to enjoy the fresh air and many views．Hiking is fun!”
“Sounds more like punishment than a vacation，” she didn't look up from her soup and mumbled（嘟囔），“I cannot walk that far．”
When I said it only took half an hour of steady walking to climb to the top，she nodded，“OK，I'll go．”
The next morning was perfect for a hike，with sunny clear skies and gentle winds．I got up early and packed some sandwiches and bottles of water into my backpack along with the camera．Jane came slowly downstairs，and announced in a very unenthusiastic voice，“I'm ready to go，Jim．”
Anyway，we stepped out of our cottage and quite a different view unfolded before our eyes．Against the blue skies，a rough path wound to the top of the mountain across the lake with wild flowers and grass on both sides．The sunlight brightened on the glassy surface of the lake．We began from the path．“I'm still wondering if this is a good idea，but if you could do it，I could also do．” She complained，frowning．
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She followed me，her mind wandering． Reaching the top，Jane widened her eyes，shouting，“How awesome!”
