高考语法通关
十、定语从句
1．(2012·深圳联考)Patience，without________ you can't do the work well，is a kind of quality.
A．that B．it
C．which D．what
解析：句意为：耐心是一种品质。没有了耐心，你不能做好工作。此处考查了定语从句中“介词＋which”的情况，which指代的是先行词patience。
答案：C
2．(2011·烟台期中)The owner wanted to charge $5, 000 for his car， ________ I managed to lower to $3,500.
A．since B．what
C．which D．that
解析：关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中充当lower 的宾语，而that不能引导非限性定语从句。
答案：D
3．I still can't believe my eyes when I remember the scene________ the best player should miss the pass.
A．that B．which
C．where D．how
解析：where 引导定语从句修饰先行词scene，where在从句中作状语。句意为：当我记起当时那个最好的选手没有过关时，我简直不敢相信我的眼睛。
答案：C
4．(2012·宁波检测)________ was reported in the paper，people in mainland China sent disaster relief materials to help the flooded area in Taiwan Island.
A．It B．That
C．As D．What
解析：选择定语从句的引导词的关键是：在主句中找出先行词。该句中定语从句的先行词是后面的整个句子people in mainland China sent disaster relief materials to help the flooded area in Taiwan Island.
答案：C
5．(2011·绍兴月考)China's new food law provides for a food recall system________ producers have to stop production if their food isn't up to standards.
A．where B．that
C．when D．which
解析：考查定语从句。句意为：中国新的食品法规定了食品召回制度，即如果食品达不到标准，生产者就必须停止生产。先行词为a food recall system，定语从句为producers have to stop production if their food isn't up to standards(in the food recall system)，故选A。
答案：A
6．Remember that there is still one point________ we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.
A．where B．why
C．when D．that
解析：考查定语从句。解定语从句题的关键是：在主句中找出先行词，该句的先行词是one point，然后把先行词“代入”从句中，判断其在从句中的“地位”和“作用”，这里先行词在从句中作make clear的宾语，所以用关系代词that/which引导定语从句并在从句中作宾语，据此选D项。
答案：D
7．(2012·威海模拟)I admire my English teacher.I can remember very few occasions________ she stopped working because of ill health.
A．that B．when
C．where D．which
解析：考查定语从句。根据语意“我记得她很少因生病而停止工作”可知，定语从句引导词在从句中作状语，故用when。
答案：B
8．(2012·龙岩模拟)The moment________ John will never forget is________ Mr Smith gave him a lot of valuable advice on how to improve his writing.
A．that；that B．that；when
C．when；that D．when；when
解析：考查从句引导词。第一空用that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词The moment；第二空用when引导表语从句，并在从句中作时间状语，故答案为B。
答案：B
9．(2012·徐州质检)I don't like the way________ he often uses to speak to me.
A．in which B．how
C．which D．what
解析：考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，修饰先行词way，而且which在从句中作uses的宾语。
答案：C
10．(2012·南通二模)John，________ money is no problem，still leads a simple life.
A．for whose B．of whose
C．of whom D．for whom
解析：考查定语从句。可以把定语从句部分变化成“Money is no problem for John”，这样便不难看出用介词for＋关系代词whom(指代John)来引导定语从句。
答案：D
11．(2012·怀化模拟)He didn't put the things________ they belonged，for________ he got his punishment.
A．which；that B．what；this
C．that；whose D．where；which
解析：考查复合句。从句子结构看前半句中的从句是状语从句表示放东西的地方，因此使用where引导；后半句是非限制性定语从句，使用which指代前面整个句子的意思，这是which的典型用法。
答案：D
12．(2012·巢湖期中)As to the unemployment，the government has taken a series of measures in many areas, ________ , I am sure, will benefit the people out of work.
A．which B．that
C．what D．where
解析：考查非限制性定语从句。which引导的从句修饰前面整个句子，I am sure为插入语。
答案：A
13．Soon we came to a little stream which winds through the hill, ________ banks are thick trees.
A．on its B．on that
C．on whose D．on which
解析：考查定语从句。banks与stream是所属关系，应用关系代词whose。又因空处在从句中作状语，故用on whose。此处定语从句为倒装程序，正常语序为thick trees are on whose banks。
答案：C
14．(2012·阳泉二模)Cone were the days ________ women had to depend on men. Seeking a life partner has become a matter of choice for women.
A．that B．which
C．when D．/
解析：考查定语从句。语意：女性必须依赖男性生活的日子已经过去，女性可以自己选择她的终身伴侣。when引导定语从句修饰days，相当于on which。
答案： C
15．(2012·漳州模拟)Danxia Mountain has more than 380 stone peaks of various shapes, ________ is 681 meters.
A．the higher of them
B．the highest of which
C．the highest of them
D．the higher of which
解析：考查定语从句。语意：丹霞山有380多座不同形状的石峰，其中最高的高达681米。题干中没有并列连词和从属连词，所以排除A、C；根据语意可知答案为B。
答案：B
16．(2012·西安调研)—What have you done these days?
—I've read all the books ________ you gave me because they are the best ones ________ are on the subject.
A．that；that B．which；which
C．what；which D．who；what
解析：考查定语从句。两个定语从句的先行词均为物，第一个先行词前有all修饰，第二个前有形容词的最高级修饰，所以关系代词都用that。
答案：A
17．(2011·信阳模拟)Yang Liping, ________ is known to all of us, is a famous dancer.
A．it B．what
C．as D．which
解析：考查定语从句。语意：众所周知，杨丽萍是著名的舞蹈家。as is known to all of us 表示“众所周知”，此处是as引导定语从句，代替整个主句，插入到主句中。
答案：C
18．(2012·启东月考)After supper, he usually stood near the window, ________ he could see the tower, the tallest building in this city.
A．from which B．on which
C．on where D．from where
解析：考查定语从句。语意：晚饭后，他通常站在窗户旁，从那里他能看见塔，那是这座城市里最高的建筑。from是比较特殊的介词，后面可以接另外一个介词，比如from behind the door，接定语从句时就用from where，本句中from where＝from near the window。
答案：D
19．There are many things in the world ________ accepted as certain when they are not certain.
A．which is B．that is
C．that are D．what are
解析：考查定语从句和主谓一致。语意：世界上有许多东西被认为是确定的，而它们却并非如此。关系代词that/which代指先行词things作从句主语，从句谓语应该用复数形式，所以只有C项正确。
答案：C
20．(2012·宁波期中)I took my daughter to the park last Sunday, ________ we walked back and forth for two hours.
A．when B．who
C．which D．where
解析：考查宾语从句。语意：上个星期天，我带女儿去公园，在公园里，我们来回走了两个小时。先行词是the park，不是last Sunday，在定语从句中作地点状语，因此用where引导定语从句。
答案：B
高考语法通关
十一、连词和状语从句
1．(2011·长沙模拟)The college education system should be reformed ________ it can follow the pace of the economic development.
A．so long as B．so that
C． only if D．even though
解析：句意为：教育制度应该被改革以便它能跟上经济发展的步伐。根据句意可知此题应选B项意为“为了，以便”。A项“只要”；C项“只要”；D项“尽管”，均不合句意。
答案：B
2．(2011·杭州调研)The roof fell ________ the PLA had time to rescue the child trapped in the house.
A．until B．unless
C．before D．because
解析：句意为：解放军还没来得及营救困在房子里的孩子屋顶就倒塌了。before引导时间状语从句，表示“还没有来得及……就……”。
答案：C
3．(2012·南京模拟)Our government has taken some measures to overcome the lack of electricity, but it may take some time ________ we have enough power.
A．since B．after
C．unless D．before
解析：句意为：我们的政府已经采取了一些措施来克服电能的短缺，但是可能花一段时间之后我们才有足够多的电能。before引导时间状语从句，表示“……之后……才”。
答案：D
4．(2012·泰州模拟)The idea for the new marketing plan came to his mind, ________ to this project in the company.
A．while devoting
B．while devoting himself to
C．while he was devoted
D．while devoted
解析：根据固定搭配sb. be devoted to sth. 可知此题不能用devoting和devoted作状语，故排除A、B和D项；C项为状语从句作状语。句意为：当他在公司里致力于这项工程的时候，他想出了这个新的市场计划。
答案：C
5．(2011·泰州检测)Nancy enjoyed herself so much ________ she visited her friends in Sydney last year.
A．that B．which
C．when D．where
解析：句意为：Nancy去年在悉尼拜访朋友时玩得很开心。when引导时间状语从句。本题干扰性最强的是A项，so...that引导结果状语从句，但根据语境，这里并没有因果关系的含义。
答案：C
6．(2011·无锡检测)—What are you going to do this afternoon?
—I'll probably go for a walk later on ________ it stays fine.
A．now that B．if only
C．so long as D．as if
解析：答句意为：只要天气保持晴朗，我晚些时候将可能出去散步。so long as意为“只要”。A项“既然”；B项“要是……就好了”；D项“好像”，均不合句意。
答案：C
7．(2011·沭阳期末)—What do you think of the music teacher?
—________ she is an elegant lady, she can be extremely difficult to work with.
A．While B．When
C．Even if D．As
解析：根据语境可知，此题应选While表示“尽管”。答句意为：尽管她是一位高雅的女士，但是有时很难与她一起工作。
答案：A
8．(2012·无锡调研)I had been puzzled over the problem for over an hour without any result, ________ all at once a solution flashed across my mind.
A．while B．when
C．then D．as
解析：句意为：对于那个问题我迷惑了一个多小时，毫无结果，就在那时我突然想到了一个解决办法。连词when引导时间状语从句，表示“那时”。C项为副词，不能引导从句，故排除。
答案：B
9．(2011·潍坊模拟)You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting ________ you don't mind taking the night train.
A．supposed B．unless
C．though D．until
解析：句意为：假如你不介意乘夜班火车的话，你能早点到达北京开会。supposed相当于if，可以引导条件状语从句。
答案：A
10．(2011·济南模拟)Your time is running out. Change your mind ________ it is too late!
A．since B．when
C．until D．before
解析：句意为：你的时间快要耗光了。改变主意吧，免得太迟了！连词before意为“在……之前”符合句意。
答案：D
11．(2011·杭州模拟)Be quiet, kids. You'll have to wait ________ your names are called.
A．while B．until
C．when D．unless
解析：句意为：孩子们，安静。你们将不得不等到叫到你们的名字。此处连词until表示“到……为止”。
答案：B
12．(2011·杭州模拟)________ much progress you can make in all your subjects in the future, you should keep modest.
A．How B．Whatever
C．What D．However
解析：句意为：无论你们在将来所有的学科中取得多么大的进步，你们应该保持谦虚。连词however修饰much，引导让步状语从句。
答案：D
13．(2011·抚顺模拟)—How long do you suppose it is ________ he arrived here?
—No more than half a week.
A．since B．before
C．after D．when
解析：根据时态(主句一般现在时，从句一般过去时)可知，此题应选连词since。问句意为：你猜自从他到达这儿多久了？
答案：A
14．(2011·启东调研)It was four o'clock in the afternoon ________ they got to the station.
A．that B．since
C．when D．until
解析：when引导时间状语从句“当……的时候”。句意为：当他们到车站的时候，已经下午四点钟了。
答案：C
15．(2011·泰兴模拟)________ many difficulties they may come across, they'll keep up and hold on until they get them over.
A．However B．Whatever
C．Whichever D．Whenever
解析：however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter how，即：无论他们可能遇到多少困难，他们将坚持下去，直到克服困难。
答案：A
16．(2010·青岛质检)—Why didn't you buy the dictionary?
—________ it may be of great use, I don't think it good value for money.
A．Before B．As
C．While D．Since
解析：尽管可能有很大用处，但我认为它不值这个钱。
答案：C
17．(2011·临沂模拟)—Did your father phone you shortly after the accident?
—No, it was a fortnight ________ he gave me a phone call.
A．since B．when
C．while D．before
解析：before引导时间状语从句表示“……才”。即两星期后他才告诉我。
答案：D
18．(2011·长沙模拟)—Why didn't you tell him about the meeting?
—He rushed out of the room ________ I could say a word.
A．before B．until
C．when D．after
解析：before引导时间状语从句，表示“还没来得及……就……”，句意为：我还没来得及讲一句话，他就冲出了房间。
答案：A
19．(2011·杭州质检)The photo was taken ________ stood the famous Bird's Nest in Beijing during the Olympics.
A．which B．in which
C．where D．there
解析：地点状语从句。句意：照片是在奥运会期间在北京鸟巢拍的。
答案：C
20．(2010·浏阳模拟)—It's a long time ________ I saw you last.
—Yes, and what a pity it is now that it will be a long time ________ we see each other again.
A．before；since B．since；when
C．since；before D．when；before
解析：时间状语从句。两个固定句型：it will be＋一段时间＋before＋一般现在时的从句；it is /has been＋一段时间＋since＋一般过去时的从句。故C项正确。
答案：C
高考语法通关
十三、简单句、并列句、反意疑问句、祈使句、感叹句
1．(2012·南京质检)________ receiving the call, he took the torch, rushed out and disappeared ________ the dark.
A．By；for B．In；onto
C．With；by D．On；into
解析：本题考查句型。On sth./doing sth.；……就……；后面是短语in the dark在黑暗中，故选D项。
答案：D
2．If anyone happens to drop in while we are out, ________ him or her sit down and wait for a while.
A．have B．get
C．ask D．tell
解析：本题考查have的用法。“have sb. do sth.”让某人做某事；其他三个选项动词都必须带to的不定式作宾补，不符合句意。
答案：A
3．(2012·大连检测)When you've finished with the book, don't forget to put it back on the shelf, ________？
A．do you B．don't you
C．will you D．won't you
解析：考查反疑问句。祈使句的反意问句通常是will you或won't you，前句是否定句，否句用will you。
答案：C
4．(2012·长春模拟)—You haven't been here long, have you?
—________， I am new here.
A．Yes, I have B．No, I haven't
C．Yes, I haven't D．No, I have
解析：考查反意问句的回答，根据后面的I'm new here可知答案为C项。
答案：C
5．(2012·苏州二模)He's out. He must be helping the old man to water the flowers in the garden ________？
A． is he B．isn't he
C．must he D．mustn't he
解析：考查反意问句。当must表示推测，意为“一定，准是”时，反意疑问句的动词形式要根据后面的动词形式确定，即he is helping...
答案：B
6．(2012·沈阳月考)You didn't use to like him much where he were at school, ________？
A． were we B．weren't we
C．did you D．didn't you
解析：考查反疑问句。根据前面的didn't use to，故后面选C项。
答案：C
7．(2011·深圳调研)________ straight on and you'll see a church. You won't miss it.
A．Go B．Going
C．If you go D．When going
解析：本题考查固定句式。祈使句＋and相当于一个条件句＋一个肯定的陈述句。
答案：A
8．(2012·西安二模)I've never seen anyone run so fast. ________ your athlete go.
A．just watch B．just to watch
C．just watching D．just having watched
解析：考查祈使句。同时还涉及是否用非谓语动词，根据破折号可知，后面用的是祈使句。
答案：A
9．(2012·启东期中)Would you like a cup of coffee ________ shall we get down to business right away.
A．and B．then
C．or D．atherwise
解析：本题考查连词。根据句意，表示选择，故选C项。
答案：C
10．Although he stayed only a few days in the village, ________ he got to know everybody there.
A．and B．but
C．yet D．so
解析：本题考查连词。although不能和but连用，但可以和yet (still)连用。
答案：C
11．(2012·南昌模拟)We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, ________ in fact, there were 60.
A．while B．whether
C．what D．which
解析：本题考查连词。根据句意，while表示对比，意为“然而”，符合句意。
答案：A
12．(2011·威海质检)Look, the little boy came, riding full speed down the highway in his bike, ________ it was!
A．What a dangerous scene
B．What dangerous a scene
C．How a dangerous scene
D．How dangerous the scene
解析：考查特殊句式感叹句。What a dangerous scene it was！相当于How dangerous the scene was!
答案：A
13．(2011·绍兴模拟)It is often said that the joy of travelling is ________ arriving at your destination ________ in the journey itself.
A．/；but B．/；or
C．not；or D．not；but
解析：考查并列结构，not...but...不是……而是……在句子中连接两个平行结构。
答案：D
14．John plays the violin well, ________ his favourite activity is singing.
A．so B．or
C．yet D．for
解析：考查并列连词。yet表示转折意为“但是”，可替代but。
答案：C
15．(2012·衡水调研)Follow your classmate's advice, ________ your things will get worse.
A．or B．and
C．then D．so
解析：本题考查句型，祈使句＋or/and...，前面的祈使句表条件，or或and引导的分句表结果。根据句意，可知选A。答案：A
高考语法通关
一、名词与冠词
1．(2011·重庆调研)Any help from you will be greatly appreciated.Please give me a reply at your earliest ________.
A．interruption B．instruction
C．consideration D．convenience
解析：考查名词辨析。这里表示“请在你方便的时候尽早给我回复”，at your earliest convenience 是固定表达，表示“在你方便的时候请尽早”，符合语境。interruption打断；instruction 指导，指示；consideration 考虑。
答案：D
2．If you ask why I plan to study in the United States，the only answer is that it is a(n) ________ for me.
A．puzzle B．advantage
C．challenge D．average
解析：考查名词辨析。challenge 意思是“挑战”，即选择在美国学习的理由是因为这样做具有挑战性。其他选项不合语境；puzzle 意思是“困惑”；advantage 意思是“优点，优势”；average 意思是“平均数”。
答案：C
3. The conference has been held to discuss the ________ of global warming on people's lives all over the world.
A．importance B．effects
C．protection D．attitudes
解析：考查名词辨析。effects 意思是“影响”，即讨论全球气候变暖对人们生活的影响。其他选项不合题意， importance 意思是“重要性”；protection 意思是“保护”；attitudes 意思是“态度”。
答案：B
4．(2012·芜湖模拟)We all hold the belief that ________ 2012 London Olympic Games will be ________ success.
A．/；a B．the；/
C．the；a D．a；a
解析：第一空为特指，应用定冠词the；第二空success 为抽象名词具体化，“一个成功的人或事”，应用不定冠词a，类似的词还有failure，pleasure 等。
答案：C
5．(2012·长沙期中)It's________ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them________ pleasure.
A．/；a B．a；/
C． the；a D．a；the
解析：句意为：上海世博会给人们带来了欢乐，欣赏世博会是一种美好的感受。有些不可数名词，如knowledge，command，feeling等，前面有“a/an＋形容词”修饰时，表示一件具体的事情或一个……的人。pleasure意为“愉快，快乐”，为不可数名词，故不加冠词。
答案：B
6．(2012·合肥模拟)It is generally believed that teaching is ________ it is a science.
A．an art much as B．much an art as
C．as an art much as D．as much an art as
解析：当名词前有what、so、as、too、quite等词修饰时，其形容词被这些词修饰，组成下列结构，如：What a nice book! This is too heavy a box for me to carry. He is not as honest a boy as Mike.等，应采取too/how ＋ 形容词(副词)＋ a(an) ＋ 名词的形式。
答案：D
7．(2011·银川模拟)I will go to the ________ to have my hair cut.
A．barber B．barber shop
C．barber's shop D．barber's
解析：句意：我要去理发店把头发剪一下。表示店铺或某人的家时，常在名词所有格之后省去shop，house，home等地点名词。
答案：D
8．(2011·广州调研)I am really a bit worried because I have no idea what my parents' ________ will be to my poor examination result.
A．expression B．reaction
C．appearance D．expectation
解析：考查名词辨析。句意为：我真的有点担心，因为我不知道我父母对我不好的考试结果会是什么反应。expression 表情；reaction 反应；appearance 外表；expectation 期望。
答案：B
9．(2011·西安检测)There is no________ in going to school for the students merely to learn some facts.
A．doubt B．mind
C．point D．wonder
解析：考查名词辨析。固定句式There is no point in doing sth.表示“做……是没有必要的”，其他搭配不正确，所以这里选C项。
答案：C
10．Here are some ________ for you to follow when you take a test in chemistry.
A．patterns B．tips
C．topics D．efforts
解析：考查名词辨析。语境为“下面给你提出几点忠告，当你参加化学测验时应该遵循”。tip 忠告，意见；pattern 样式，花样，图案；topic 题目，论题，话题；effort 努力，尽力。
答案：B
11．(2012·苏州质检)Mr Li has some trouble sleeping，so drinking a glass of milk before going to bed every night is his common________ .
A．practice B．knowledge
C．experience D．duty
解析：考查名词辨析。……因此每晚睡前喝一杯牛奶是他通常的做法。common practice 通常的做法，符合题意。
答案：A
12．(2012·杭州模拟)—Paul has gone abroad to try his luck.
—In my________ ，his decision is not wise.
A．word B．view
C．sight D．way
解析：考查名词。句意为：在我看来，他的决定不明智。in one's view表示“在某人看来”。
答案：B
13．(2011·徐州一模)My English teacher is really very kind.I'll never forget the________ he has done me.
A．favor B．deed
C．help D．value
解析：句意为：我的英语老师实在是太好了。我永远不会忘记他对我的帮助。do sb.a favor 帮助某人。
答案：A
14．(2012·武汉联考)First impressions are the most lasting.After all，you never get________ second chance to make________ first impression.
A．a；the B．the；the
C．a；a D．the；a
解析：句意为：第一印象最持久。毕竟，你不会再有机会去形成第一印象。第一空后有second，在此表示再一次机会，而不是表顺序，应用不定冠词；第二空中的第一印象是泛指，也不是表示顺序，又根据题干可以判断impression 在此处是可数名词，可数名词单数表泛指时须用不定冠词。
答案：C
15．(2012·潍坊期中)If we expect ________ much cleaner world，we should attract ________ world's attention to protecting the world.
A．a；a B．a；/
C．a；the D．the；/
解析：考查冠词。第一空为泛指，指“一个更加干净的世界”；第二空world 前通常用定冠词。
答案：C
16．We work together to achieve our common purpose：________ world that is safer，cleaner and healthier than ________ one we found.
A．the；the B．a；/
C．a；the D．the；/
解析：考查冠词的用法。第一空表示泛指，用不定冠词；第二空后面由we found 限定，表特指，用定冠词。
答案：C
17．(2012·青州模拟)Many lifestyle patterns do such________ great harm to health that they actually speed up________ weakening of the human body.
A．a；/ B．/；the
C．a；the D．/；/
解析：句意为：很多生活方式对身体健康是很有害的，实际上它们能加快体质变弱。do harm to...为固定短语，意为“对……有害”；第二空为特指的用法，即特指体质变弱，故用定冠词the。
答案：B
18．(2012·深圳调研)There are over 58,000 rocky objects in ________ space，about 900 of which could fall down onto________ earth.
A．the；the B．/；the
C．the；/ D．a；the
解析：句意为：太空中有58 000颗星体，其中有900颗左右可能坠落到地球上。第一空in space“在太空”，固定用法，类似用法还有in nature，in society 等；第二空表示地球，独一无二的事物前须加定冠词the，如the moon，the sun等，
答案：B
19．(2012·合肥联考)—What do you think about ________ dress in the shop window?
—Oh，it's beautiful.You may give it to Linda as ________ birthday present.
A．a；a B．the；a
C．a；the D．the；the
解析：考查冠词的用法。第一空表特指橱窗里的那一件，所以要用定冠词the；第二空泛指一件礼物，所以要用不定冠词。
答案：B
20．(2012·锦州一模)It is clear that ________ little money the invention will bring him can hardly support so large ________ company.
A．/；the B．a；the
C．a；/ D．the； a
解析：考查冠词。句意为：很显然，这项发明带给他的不多的钱很难支撑如此庞大的一个公司。此题的关键在于hardly 的暗示，说明钱不多或很少，用little 表示“少量的，不多的”，后面又有定语从句修饰，故其前应加定冠词the；第二空处是so＋adj.＋a＋可数名词结构。
答案：D
高考语法通关
二、代词
1．(2012·南京调研)I would appreciate ________ ，to be frank，if goods could be delivered as soon as possible.
A．you B．this
C．it D．myself
解析：考查代词。此处it 作形式宾语，代替后面的“if goods could be delivered as soon as possible”。to be frank 为插入语。
答案：C
2. When ________ comes to saving energy，big changes start with small steps，like turning off the lights.
A．that B．this
C．it D．one
解析：考查代词用法。when it comes to (doing)sth.是固定结构，表示“当涉及某事 (或做某事)时”。句意为：当提到节能的时候，大变化从细微的行动开始，比如随手关灯。
答案：C
3．(2012·徐州联考)This young man is very clever；he may be ________ Edison.
A．the one B．the other
C．another D．one
解析：考查代词。句意为：这个年轻人很聪明，他可能成为另一个爱迪生。another 另一个，这里是一种对比，强调这个年轻人的聪明。
答案：C
4. Neither side is prepared to talk to________ unless we can smooth things over between them.
A．others B．the other
C．another D．one other
解析：句意为：除非我们能消除他们之间的矛盾，否则他们两人都不打算和对方讲话。others 没有范围，指别人；another 没有范围，指另一个；the other 指两者中的另一方，根据关键词neither (两者都不)。
答案：B
5．(2012·武汉质检)You are a team star！Working with________ is really your cup of tea.
A．both B．either
C．others D．the other
解析：句意为：你是队里的明星！与别人一起工作的确是你的所爱。本题考查代词。both 和either 指两者，首先被排除；the other 有范围限定，意为“其余的”，而题干中没有范围和数量限制，故也被排除。others 意为“其他的、另外的或别的人或事物”
答案：C
6．(2012·芜湖模拟)—Which one can I take?
—You can take ________ of them；I'll keep none.
A．both B．any
C．either D．all
解析：句意：——我能拿哪一个？——你可以全拿走，我一个也不留。根据I'll keep none.可知，有三个或三个以上的东西，而且可以全部拿走，所以选D。
答案：D
7．(2012·温州模拟)—How do you usually keep in touch with your friends，by email or letter?
—________ .I use telephone only.
A．None B．Neither
C．Any D．Either
解析：考查不定代词。句意为“——你通常是如何与朋友保持联系的，发邮件还是写信？——都不是，我只用电话联系。”neither 表示“两者都不”，none 表示“三者(及以上)都不”，either 表示“两者中任一”，any 表示“三者(及以上)任一”，据语意选B项。
答案：B
8. There are two roads leading to the power station along the river.You can take ________ of the roads.
A．either B．both
C．neither D．all
解析：考查代词的用法。句意为：沿着这条河有两条路通向那座发电站。你走两条路中的任何一条都可以到达。根据句意，这里应该是“两者选一”，故B、C和D项不正确。either 指“两者中的任意一个”。
答案：A
9．(2012·苏州一模)They all wanted to stop working because they were very tired，but ________ of them would say so.
A．any B．some
C．none D．neither
解析：本题考查代词。句意为：他们都想停止工作，因为他们太累了，但是又没有人愿意说出来。根据all 可知他们指三者或三者以上，表示三者及三者以上的全部否定应该用none。
答案： C
10．(2012·贵州检测)The number 5·12 is a special number，________，I think，that will be remembered by the Chinese people forever.
A．what B．it
C．which D．one
解析：考查代词。该句中one指代前面提到的a special number，其实one 及其定语从句与前面的a special number 是同位语关系，I think 在句中可作插入语，所以选D项。
答案：D
11．When I moved to a new community，I found it different from ________ I had stayed in before.
A．one B．that
C．it D．the one
解析：考查代词。语意表示这个新社区与“我”先前住的那个社区不同，因为空处与前面的community 是同类事物，所以用one代指；同时空后有定语修饰，表特定指代，所以要加the，故选the one。
答案：D
12．(2012·福州联考)—Which of the books did you like?
—________ of them! They were both dull.
A．Neither B．Either
C．Both D．None
解析：考查代词。语意：——你喜欢哪本书？——都不喜欢！两本都很枯燥。根据答句中的信息词“both”可知有两本书，故选Neither表示“二者都不”，因此A项正确。
答案：A
13．It is reported that two schools, ________ of which are being built in my hometown, will open next year.
A．all B．both
C．none D．neither
解析：考查代词。语意：据报道，我的家乡正在建设的两所学校将于明年投入使用。根据前面的two schools，可知表示两者，故排除A、C两项；再结合语意可知表示肯定。故B项正确。
答案：B
14．—If I had come here a minute earlier, I could have bought the shoes at a discount in this store.
—Don't worry. Let's go to ________ store.
A．one other B．the other
C．another D．one another
解析：考查代词。根据语意可知此处表示不定数量中的一家商店，故用another。
答案：C
15．(2012·重庆调研)He said ________ was lost, but he didn't say what it was.
A．something B．anything
C．nothing D．everything
解析：考查代词。语意：他说有什么东西丢了，但没说是什么。根据语意可知用something。
答案：A
16．(2012·日照模拟)I prefer a college in Beijing to ________ in Shanghai, because I like the climate in Beijing.
A．one B．that
C．it D．this
解析：考查代词。one代替同名异物的可数名词单数，此处指代前面提到的a college，故选A。
答案：A
17．(2012·连云港联考)The weather today in Beijing is much better than ________ in Shanghai.
A．that B．one
C．it D．what
解析：考查代词。语意：今天北京的天气比上海的好得多。用that代替The weather，避免重复，其他三项均无此用法。
答案：A
18．(2011·安庆检测) How can I help ________ if people just don't follow my advice?
A．that B．it
C．what D．them
解析：考查代词。语意：如果人们不听从我的建议，我有什么办法呢？此处it表示“人们不听从我的建议”这种情况。
答案：B
19．(2012·温州月考)They found ________ difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
A．this B．that
C．it D．one
解析：考查代词。此处it作形式宾语，从句“that they would finish their work in two days”为真正的宾语。
答案：C
20．(2012·郑州模拟)He saved all the fish for his children and never tasted ________ himself.
A．each B．none
C．any D．either
解析：考查代词。语意：他把鱼都留给孩子们，自己一点儿都没有尝。根据语意可知此处表示“任何一个，任何一些”，故any正确。
答案：C
高考语法通关
三、形容词和副词
1．(2012·西安二模)When you study the local map，you'll find this town is________ .
A．twice the size of that one
B．twice as a large town as that
C．twice as larger as that one
D．twice as larger a town as that
解析：句意：当你研究当地的地图时，你会发现这座城镇是那个的两倍大。倍数的表达方式：A is ＋倍数＋the＋名词(如size/length)＋of B；B项中不定冠词位置错误；C、D项中as后应用形容词原级。
答案：A
2．(2012·太原检测)Believe it or not，swimming is________ as any to lose unwanted weight.
A．a way as good B．as a good way
C．as a way good D．as good a way
解析：考查固定短语。as...as表示“和……一样”，固定表达方式有“as＋adj./adv.＋as”“as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as”等。
答案：D
3．(2012·芜湖调考)David got a higher grade in the final exam，for，you see，he made ________ mistakes.
A．few B．fewer
C．little D．less
解析：考查形容词比较级。所填词修饰可数名词mistakes，且根据题干意思是否定，由前一分句中的higher可知所填词用比较级，因此选B。
答案：B
4．(2012·徐州模拟)—Do you think that the 11th Chinese National Games were a success?
—Yes，________ ！It couldn't be ________ .
A．relatively；better B．approximately；worse
C．absolutely；better D．fortunately；worse
解析：本题考查副词和形容词在语境中的运用。relatively 相对地，比较地；approximately 大约；absolutely 当然是，绝对正确；fortunately 幸运地。根据语境知，第十一届全运会绝对是一个成功的盛会，没有比它更好的了，故C项正确。
答案：C
5．(2012·宁德二模)Of the two cameras，I would prefer ________ one，which is very easy for me to carry.
A．a smaller B．the smallest
C．a small D．the smaller
解析：考查形容词比较级。由of the two cameras 可知，总共有两台相机，其中“小的那台”，应该用比较级smaller，同时又是“确指”的概念，所以用the smaller，选D项。
答案：D
6．(2012·安庆检测)When it was his turn to deliver his speech，________ ，he walked towards the microphone.
A．nervously and embarrassingly
B．nervous and embarrassedly
C．nervously and embarrassing
D．nervous and embarrassed
解析：该题考查形容词作状语。形容词一般作定语，但也可作状语，表状态或结果。如：He lay in bed，awake.再如：Her husband came back，drunk.
答案：D
7．My grandfather is as ________ as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing all day.
A．enthusiastic B．energetic
C．talkative D．sensitive
解析：依据后半句hates sitting around doing nothing all day 可知这里表示“精力充沛的”，故选B项。enthusiastic热情的；talkative 健谈的；sensitive 敏感的。
答案：B
8．Even students with ________ intelligence can be excellent students after bettering their study habits.
A．average B．unusual
C．splendid D．popular
解析：考查形容词辨析。average 表示“一般的，平常的”；unusual 表示“异乎寻常的”；splendid 表示“极好的，壮丽的”；popular 则表示“流行的”。根据语意，此处表示“智力一般的学生在改进学习习惯之后也能变得很出色”，所以选A项。
答案：A
9．(2012·抚顺质检)Young people go to college with the expectation that________ educated people get a higher pay.
A．good B．better
C．best D．the best
解析：本题考查形容词、副词的比较级。句意为：年轻人上大学，带着这样的期望——得到更好教育的人会得到更高的工资报酬。所以本题应该选择B项。
答案：B
10．The increase of the number of the students makes the limited computers not________ to each student.
A．available B．affordable
C．helpful D．acceptable
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。语境为：学生数量的增加使有限的电脑不够每个学生都使用。固定短语be available to意为“可享受的，可得到的，可使用的”。be helpful to对……有帮助的，有益的，有用的；affordable付得起的，不太昂贵的；acceptable可接受的，合意的，可承受的，可忍受的。语境暗示学生多，电脑少，因此应是不够用。
答案：A
11． (2012·启东模拟)Though many extra planes and trains are used to carry passengers，traffic tools are still________ needed during the “May Day” holidays.
A．eagerly B．badly
C．equally D．slightly
解析：考查副词。尽管增加了许多航班和火车班次以便运送旅客，但是在五一假期里交通工具还很急需。eagerly 热切地；badly很，非常；equally 平等地；slightly略微，稍微。只有B项符合语意。
答案：B
12．(2012·西安一模)On snowy days，you have to drive very ________ to avoid traffic accidents.
A．cautiously B．neatly
C．smoothly D．properly
解析：句意为：在下雪天，你必须谨慎驾车以避免交通事故。cautiously 谨慎地；neatly整洁地；smoothly平滑地；properly适当地。
答案：A
13．(2012·扬州调考)He was robbed last night，but________ he didn't have much on him then.
A．fortunately B．eventually
C．certainly D． surprisingly
解析：fortunately幸运地；eventually最终；certainly当然；surprisingly惊讶地。句意为：他昨晚被抢劫了，但幸运的是那时他身上没有多少钱。
答案：A
14．Sorry, somebody borrowed the book last week，but I'll let you know once it is________ .
A．possible B．probable
C．available D．punctual
解析：句意为：对不起，上周有人把书借走了，但一旦有的话，我会让你知道。available 可得到的；probable 可能的；punctual 准时的。
答案：C
15．(2012·沈阳模拟)This new kind of chemicals will help keep the air，soil and water________ from pollution.
A．free B．empty
C．loose D．short
解析：句意为：这种新的化学物质将有助于使空气、土壤和水免受污染。此处free表示“免于，不受……影响的”，和from 搭配。
答案：A
16．(2012·威海检测)—Jack is really a brave guy.
—So he is.And we can't admire his courage________ .
A．too much B．a lot
C．very much D．a little
解析：考查固定结构。从语意看，答话人也认为Jack是个勇敢的男孩，用can't ...too much 表示“再……也不为过”。语意：我们非常欣赏他的勇气。
答案：A
17．(2012·绍兴月考)My mom once worked in a very small village school，which is________ only on foot.
A．acceptable B．adequate
C．accessible D．appropriate
解析：考查形容词辨析。句意为：我妈妈曾经在一个小村庄的学校教书，这所学校只有步行才能到达。这里用accessible 表示“可进入的，可接近的”。acceptable 可接受的；adequate 适当的，充分的；appropriate 合适的，适当的。
答案：C
18．(2012·南通检测)—Do you like the place of interest?
—On the contrary，it's the________ place that I want to visit.
A．worst B．last
C．best D．latest
解析：考查形容词辨析。根据答语中的On the contrary 可知，答话者对这个地方不满意。B项的last 表示“最不可能的”，即那是我最不想参观的地方。
答案：B
19．(2011·成都二模)After the accident, the names of injured passengers who have been sent to hospitals were published online and updated ________.
A．extremely B．constantly
C．vivitly D．particularly
解析：考查副词辨析。语意表示在事故发生之后，受伤并被送往医院治疗的乘客名单被公布到网上，并且不断得到更新。用constantly表示“经常地，持续不断地”。
答案：B
20．When you arrive at the airport, you can wait for our car to pick you up, or, ________， you may just get into a taxi and come directly to our company.
A．instantly B．accidentally
C．clearly D．alternatively
解析：考查副词辨析。语意表示“到达机场之后你可以等我们的车来接你，或者也可以直接打车来公司”，用alternatively表示(引出第二种选择或可能的建议)“要不，或者”。
答案：D
高考语法通关
四、介词和介词短语
1．(2012·漳州模拟)________ all his followers dead, the captain was taken by his enemy.
A．For B．As
C．Because of D．With
解析：本题考查介词和连词四个选项中只有with后才接“宾语”(all this followers)＋宾补(dead)的复合结构，故选D项。
答案：D
2．(2012·衡水二模)She forced herself not to give way ________ her emotion.
A．to B．on
C．at D．from
解析：本题考查介词give way to 系固定搭配，意为“屈服于……”。符合句意。
答案：A
3．(2012·南平质检)In the 2008 Olympic Games, America beat Argentina ________ men's basketball by 101∶81.
A．for B．with
C．in D．on
解析：in表示“在哪一方面”。
答案：C
4．(2012·西安二模)It was purely ________ chance that the mistake was discovered.
A．in B．for
C．by D．from
解析：本题考查介词by chance意为“偶然”。
答案：C
5．(2012·泰州模拟)What idea can a man who is blind from birth have ________ colour?
A．in B．of
C．with D．for
解析：who is blind from birth是a man的定语从句，of colour修饰idea，意为“对色彩的观念”。
答案：B
6．His face gives him ________ when he tells a lie.
A．over B．in
C．off D． away
解析：give away 意为“泄密，泄露”。
答案：D
7．(2012·长沙月考)—Can you translate the poem into English?
—I am sorry I am not good at English poems, It's ________ my ability.
A．on B．above
C．off D．beyond
解析：beyond one's ability 意为“超出某人的能力”。
答案：D
8．Some plants are so sensitive ________ pollution that they can only survive in a perfectly clean environment.
A．from B．with
C．against D．to
解析：be sensitive to 意为“对……敏感”。
答案：D
9．(2012·漳州二模)—You went late ________ the stadium yesterday evening, didn't you?
—Yes, my wife was a little late ________ the supper.
A．to；with B．for；with
C．for；for D．at；for
解析：go late to some place 去某地晚了；be late with sth. 做某事晚了；be late for sth. 做某事迟到了。[来源:21世纪教育网]
答案：A
10．(2012·衡阳期中)A good advertisement often uses words ________ which people attach positive meaning to attract people to buy a product or service.
A．to B．of
C．for D．with
解析：“________ which people attach positive meaning”可理解为“people attach positive meaning to which”。attach...to...意为“把……附在……上”；to attract people to buy a product or service 作目的状语。
答案：A
11．(2012·长春模拟)Those overseas students volunteer 10 hours each week in America ________ free food and accommodation.
A．in case of B．in contact with
C．in exchange for D．in search of
解析：考查介词词组。语意：为了换取免费的食宿，那些在美国的留学生每周义务劳动10个小时。in exchange for “与……交换”，符合语意。
答案：C
12．(2012·长沙二模)Because of her teaching experience, she had a big advantage ________ the other applicants for the job.
A．over B．above
C．against D．beyond
解析：考查介词用法。语意：她的教学经验使她比其他求职者更有优势。have an advantage over “比……有优势”，是固定短语。
答案：A
13．________ your timely help, I couldn't have finished the work on time. I can't thank you too much.
A．Rauter than B．Except for
C．In addition to D．But for
解析：考查介词词组。语意：要不是你及时的帮助，我就不能按时完成这项工作。我对你感激不尽。根据语意可知but for “要不是”正确，经常用在含有虚拟语气的含蓄条件句中。前三项分别意为“而不是”“除……之外”“除……之外还”。
答案：D
14．(2012·汕头模拟)How dangerous it is to put the poisons ________ the reach of young children!
A．by B．upon
C．beyond D．within
解析：考查介词用法。语意：把有毒的东西放在小孩够得着的地方多危险啊！within the reach of sb.＝within one's reach “某人力所能及(够得着、承受得了等)”，是固定用法，符合语意。
答案：A
15．(2012·威海质检)Our teacher keeps ________ touch ________ telephone ________ us students.
A．in；with；with B．in；by；with
C．on；by；with D．on；with；by
解析：考查介词词组。语意：我们老师通过电话和我们保持联系。本题考查了词组keep in touch with “与……保持联系”和by telephone “通过电话”。
答案：B
16．(2012·启东模拟)A grand ceremony was held ________ the queen's birthday.
A．by means of B．in honour of
C．together with D．in need of
解析：考查介词词组。语意：为了庆祝女王的生日人们举行了一次盛大的庆典。in honour of “向……表示敬意”，符合语意。by means of “借助于”；together with “连同”；in need of “需要”。
答案：B
17．(2012·深圳模拟)We felt greatly sorry ________ those who died or got injured in the accident that occurred near the city of Wenzhou in Zhejiang when bullet train D301 rear ended D3115.
A．at B．with
C．for D．in
解析：考查介词用法。语意：我们对那些在发生在浙江温州的动车D301次列车与D3115次列车追尾事故中死亡或者受伤的人们深表同情。feel sorry for “为……感到可惜，对……表示同情”，是固定短语，符合语意。
答案：C
18．(2012·日照联考) People's attitude ________ life varies widely. Some are positive and some are negative.
A．about B．of
C．towards D．on
解析：考查介词用法。语意：人们对待生活的态度大不相同。有些人的态度是积极的，有些人的态度是消极的。attitude towards... “对待……的态度”，故C项正确。
答案：C
19．As the sun sank in late afternoon, the mountain looked magnificent ________ the color of the sky.
A．in B．below
C．beside D．against
解析：考查介词用法。语意：夕阳西下，在天空的衬托下，这座山显得雄伟壮丽。本题考查against 的特殊用法，against 有“以……为背景；衬托”之意。
答案：D
20．(2011·漳州二模)You can't expect to succeed if you attempt tasks ________ your ability.
A．above B．below
C．in D．out
解析：考查介词。语意：如果你要做自身能力达不到的事，就别指望成功。above 有“超过，在……之上”之意，符合语意。
答案：A
高考语法通关
六、动词的时态和语态
1．(2012·唐山质检)—What's that terrible noise，David?
—Oh，I forgot to tell you.The new machines in the nearby plant________ .
A．were tested B．will be tested
C．are being tested D．have been tested
解析：考查动词的时态。根据问句中的What's that terrible noise 可知，这里应该用进行时态，噪音是机器正在被检测时发出的，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。
答案：C
2．(2012·烟台检测)The attackers were arrested and didn't know where they________ .
A．would take B．are taken
C．were being taken D．will be taken
解析：句意为：袭击者被捕了，他们不知道正被带往何处。根据didn't know 可知，空格处也应该用过去的某种时态，所以B、D不正确；根据句意可知此处用被动语态，故选C。
答案：C
3．(2012·南京调研)People begin to know that most environmental problems exist because necessary measures for preventing them________ taken in the past.
A．are not B．were not
C．hadn't been D．wouldn't be
解析：句意为：人们开始了解到由于在过去没有采取必要的预防措施从而造成了大多数的环境问题。in the past暗示出用过去时态；hadn't been 指在一个过去的动作或时间之前发生的事情；wouldn't be 表过去将来，故B项正确。
答案：B
4．(2012·淮阳检测)—Monitor?
—I'm not monitor of our class.I________ with the teacher until the monitor is elected.
A．will just help B．am just to help
C．am just helping D．have just helped
解析：考查时态。下句意为：我只是在帮助老师，直到选出班长为止。根据上下句语意可知，此处用现在进行时，表示答话者当时所处的状态。
答案：C
5．(2012·南京检测)—I hear you________ at Smith's.
—Yes，I________ there for about three months.
A．work；had been working
B．worked；was working
C．are working；have been working
D．worked；have worked
解析：本题考查时态。听说你正在Smith's 上班，因此应该使用现在进行时态；我在那里已经工作大约三个月了(可能还会持续下去)，因此需要使用现在完成进行时态。
答案：C
6．(2012·徐州调研)—Why didn't you come to the cinema with us last Saturday?
—Oh，sorry.But I________ the film.
A．see B．saw
C．have seen D． had seen
解析：考查动词的时态。由语意可知，这个电影在上周六 (last Saturday)之前就已经看过了，也就是说动作发生在“过去的过去”，因此应该用过去完成时。
答案：D
7．A big step ________ to strengthen China health care systems since we launched an effort in 2008.
A．has been taken B．is being taken
C．was taken D．had been taken
解析：考查时态。since(自从)所在的从句用了一般过去时，主句一般用现在完成时。
答案：A
8．(2012·汕头模拟)I have been on diet for months and next time you see me，I ________ five pounds.
A．will have lost B．will lose
C．have lost D．am losing
解析：本题考查动词时态。句意为：我已经减肥好几个月了，等下次再见我时，我就会轻五磅。根据语境知句子要用将来完成时，故A项正确。
答案：A
9．(2012·启东模拟)—Are you going to further your studies after graduation?
—Well，I________ yet.I might make some other choices.
A．didn't decide B．haven't decided
C．don't decide D．hadn't decided
解析：本题考查动词时态。从答语：也许还有别的打算可知，目前还没有做出决定，故用现在完成时。
答案：B
10．(2012·信阳质检)Mary，I should tell you it is the third time that you________ your homework.
A．forgot to do
B．forgot doing
C．have forgotten to do
D．had forgotten doing
解析：考查时态和非谓语动词。“It is(was)the＋序数词＋time＋that从句”，表示“是某人第几次做某事”，在此句型中，若前面为it is，则that 从句用现在完成时，若前面为it was，则that 从句用过去完成时；而forget to do sth.表示忘了应去做某事，forget doing sth.表示忘了已做过某事。根据语意可知此题应选C。
答案：C
11．—We thought he would have won the game.
—What a pity！He ________ too nervous when playing.
A．had been B．has been
C．was D．would have been
解析：考查动词时态。句意为：他当时太紧张了。答语是对过去事实的陈述，用一般过去时。
答案：C
12．(2012·长春质检)—When did you move to Sanya?
—In 2008.But I________ in Tibet for 8 years.
A． has worked B．has been worked
C．have been working D．worked
解析：考查时态。由题干可知答话人在2008年搬到三亚之前曾在西藏工作过8年，叙述的是过去的事实，故应用一般过去时。
答案：D
13．—Can you give some advice on what I said just now?
—Sorry.My mind ________ .
A．is wandering B．was wandering
C．has wandered D．has wandered
解析：考查动词的时态。从语境可知“刚才你说话的时候，我走神了”，此处强调“过去某个时刻正在进行”的状态，所以用过去进行时，答案选B项。
答案：B
14．(2012·荆门二模)—Look！What a mistake！Why?
—Sorry，I________ on it.
A．don't concentrate
B．hadn't concentrated
C．haven't been concentrating
D．wasn't concentrating
解析：考查时态。此处表示的是在说话之前的那段时间内没有专心，因此用过去进行时。
答案：D
15．(2012·大连二模)After moving for a while, the driver realized that he ________ in the wrong direction.
A．is driving B．was driving
C．drove D．would drive
解析：考查时态。用过去进行时态表示过去某段时间正在发生的事情。司机意识到他正开往错误的方向。
答案：B
16．(2012·南京调研)—Jim, can you get in touch with Peter?
—I'm sorry, but I ________ his telephone number.
A．don't know B．didn't know
C．haven't know D．won't know
解析：考查时态。此处强调目前的状况，故用一般现在时态。
答案：A
17．—That must have been a challenging examination.
—Yes. It ________ me half a year to get ready for it.
A．takes B．took
C．has taken D．was taking
解析：考查时态。句中的must have been表示的是对过去情况的肯定推测，可推断考试发生在过去，故用一般过去时态。
答案：B
18．(2012·漳州模拟)—Mike left the airport two minutes ago.
—Oh, can you tell me when he ________ home?
A．gets B．will get
C．got D．has got
解析：考查时态。when引导一个宾语从句，根据语意可知此处讲的是将来的事情，故用一般将来时态。
答案：B
19．(2012·淮阳月考)With the sharp drop of the share prices all around the world, some economists predicted that the second economic crisis ________ soon.
A．came B．has come
C．would come D．had come
解析：考查时态。根据时间状语soon可知此处用将来时态，本句的主句谓语动词为一般过去时态，故此处应用过去将来时态。
答案：C
20．(2012·深圳调研)The famous writer ________ in a coal mine for 15 years.
When he was 36, a person was to change his life.
A．has worked B．had worked
C．worked D．works
解析：考查动词的时态。根据语意可以判断此处描述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时态。此处不强调一个动作对另一个动作的影响或动作的先后顺序，不用过去完成时。
答案：C
高考语法通关
七、情态动词和虚拟语气
1．(2012·西安模拟)—May I tell this to my close friend?
—No，you________.Never let anybody else know about it.
A．needn't B．shouldn't
C．mustn't D．can't
解析：由“绝不可以让其他任何人知道”可知选C，mustn't 表示“不允许，不可以”，语气强烈。
答案：C
2．Shopping online can save much time as you________ go to a shop or walk around crowded shopping centers.
A．don't have to B．oughtn't to
C．won't D．mustn't
解析：本题考查情态动词。句意为：由于不必去商店或者拥挤的购物中心，网上购物能够节省大量时间。根据句意，应选A
3．(2012·唐山调研)The well dressed lady was caught stealing in the fashion shop.Strangely enough，she ________ have done such a thing.
A．would B．must
C．should D．might
解析：根据题干中的Strangely enough 可知，这里应该用should，表示惊讶，可译为“竟然”。
答案：C
4．(2012·广州二模)Don't play with the dog，Jack，for it________ be dangerous at times.
A．shall B．should
C．can D．must
解析：句意为：杰克，不要逗狗玩，因为狗有时可能是危险的。can 在此表示理论上的可能性，其他三项则无此意，故选C项。
答案：C
5．(2012·深圳联考)“Attention，please.Whoever can answer one of my questions ________ receive a prize，” the teacher said in class.
A．might B．shall
C．should D．would
解析：shall用于第二和第三人称时，可以表示警告、命令、允诺、威胁等语气；might 表示可能性很小；should 表示“应该(义务性)”；would 表示意志(意愿)。这里选B项表示允诺。
答案：B
6．(2012·扬州月考)—Where is Lucy?
—I can't say where she is，but she________ have gone to meet her classmates，for they want to go to Sichuan to work as volunteers.
A．can B．should
C．must D．may
解析：这里表示对过去状况的推断，用“情态动词＋have done”。从前面的“我不确定她在哪里”可知，用may have done，表示“过去可能已经做了……”(不确定)。must have done表示“过去一定做了……”(非常确定)；can have done 用在否定句和疑问句中，should have done 表示“过去本该做……(实际却没做)”。
答案：D
7．(2012·淮阳二模)—Has Tim started？He said he would join in the party.
—He________ .He is a man of his word.
A．could have left B．must have left
C．can't come D．won't be coming
解析：根据He is a man of his word.可知他是一个守信的人，因此推测他肯定已经启程了。 句意为：——Tim 启程了吗？他说他要参加聚会。——他一定已经启程了，他是一个守信的人。must have done“一定干了某事”，故B项正确。
答案：B
8．—Mum，would you please buy me an MP5 player?
—If you can help do the dishes the whole vacation，you ________ have one as a reward.
A．must B．need
C．would D．shall
解析：shall用于第一、三人称问句中表示征询对方意见；shall用于第二、三人称的肯定句中，表示“警告、许诺、命令、威胁”等语气。答句句意：如果你整个假期能够帮助洗盘子的话，就会得到一个MP5作为回报。shall表示允诺。
答案：D
9．________ anyone call，please tell him I'm not free.
A．Must B．Can
C．May D．Should
解析：本题考查情态动词用法。句意为：如果有人给我打电话，就告诉他我很忙。第一个分句是省略了if 虚拟条件句，补充完整为：If anyone should call，please tell him I'm not free.当if 省略时，句子要倒装，故D项正确。
答案：D
10．(2012·西安调考)If you hadn't taken such a long time to get dressed，we ________ there by now.
A．would be B．are
C．have been D．had been
解析：句意为：如果不是你穿衣服花了那么长时间的话，我们现在就到那里了。从句用了与过去相反的虚拟语气，但主句与现在情况相反，故选A项。
答案：A
11．(2012·淮阳模拟)—I didn't attend the lecture yesterday.
—I________ ，either，if my mother hadn't reminded me.
A．wouldn't B．wouldn't have
C．didn't D．hadn't
解析：考查虚拟语气。从句子中if my mother hadn't reminded me 知，此处是对过去状况的虚拟，主句应该用should/would/could/might＋have done结构，从选项中看只有B项合适(I wouldn't have 是I wouldn't have attended the lecture的省略)。
答案：B
12．(2012·莆田一模)—How much of the foreign expert's speech have you understood?
—Next to nothing.I wish I________ harder at English.
A．worked B．had worked
C．would work D．were working
解析：考查虚拟语气。wish 后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，此处表示与过去事实相反，意思是：我希望我(过去)更努力地学习英语了。
答案：B
13．(2012·莱州质检)—Did you make it at last?
—Yes.But for your help，it________ a serious loss.
A．would cause
B．must have caused
C．would have caused
D．may cause
解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为：——你们最后成功了吗？——成功了，要不是你的帮助，我们的损失就大了。but for...要不是……。
答案：C
14．(2012·滨州质检)You ________ as well do this now, for you will have to do it first or last.
A．need B．must
C．can D．may
解析：考查情态动词may。语意：你不妨现在做，因为你早晚要做。may as well 表示“不妨，倒不如”。
答案：D
15．(2012·青岛调研)If we're to get better business growth, then his idea ________ be taken too seriously.
A．should B．may21世纪教育网
C．can't D．mustn't
解析：考查情态动词can。从语意和用词看，本题选C，can't/can not...too 表示“再……也不为过，越……越好”。
答案：C
16．(2012·德州二模)—Oh, it is seven. Tom, it is high time you ________ to school.
—Mom, don't you remember it is Sunday?
A．go B．went
C．will go D．must go
解析：考查虚拟语气。It is high time that... 后面的从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词通常用过去式。
答案：B
17．________ today, he would get there by Friday.
A．Was he to leave B．Was he leaving
C．Were he to leave D．If he leaves
解析：考查虚拟语气。语意：如果他今天出发以的话，那么周五之前就可以到那里了。由主句的时态及语意可知，这里是对将来事实进行假设，从句中谓语可以用were to do 的形式，从句可以省去if并将were放于句首。
答案：C
18．(2012·长沙月考)If you ________ the medicine yesterday, you ________ fine now!
A．took；would be
B．had taken；would have been
C．had taken；would be
D．took；would have been
解析：考查虚拟语气。这是一个错综条件句。条件与过去的事实相反，用过去完成时；而主句表达的结果与现在的事实相反，用would＋v原形的形式。
答案：C
19．(2012·沈阳模拟)Seeing how tired my son was, I offered to help. But my wife insisted that our son ________ the house on his own.
A．clean B．cleaned
C．cleaning D．would clean
解析：考查虚拟语气。insist 在此表示“坚持要求”，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should)＋do”的形式。
答案：A
20．35 passengers died in the bullet train accident. But for the heroic train driver, many more people ________.
A．had died B．would die
C．would have died D．died
解析：考查虚拟语气。But for the heroic train driver 意为“要不是那个英勇的司机”，表达的是一个与过去事实相反的条件，故主句表达的结果也应该与过去的结果相反，应用would have done结构，故答案为C。
答案：C
高考语法通关
八、非谓语动词
1．(2012·万宁模拟)The scientist was rewarded by the government for________ such a great contribution to the country.
A．make B．making
C．being made D．having made
解析：考查非谓语动词。在介词for的后面要用动名词形式，在获奖前贡献已经做出了，所以要用其完成式。语意为：这位科学家因为为国家做出了巨大的贡献，得到了政府的奖励。
答案：D
2．(2011·宁波质检)A powerful earthquake struck Haiti's capital，________ tens of thousands homeless and buried in ruins.
A．left B．to leave
C．being left D．leaving
解析：考查非谓语动词。从语意可知，海地首都发生强烈地震，造成了成千上万的人无家可归和被埋在废墟中，现在分词短语作状语，表示结果。
答案：D
3．When the minister came to the snow stricken area，he was happy to see the disaster victims well________.
A．take care of B．took care of
C．taken care of D．taking care of
解析：考查非谓语动词。从句子的结构和语意可以看出victims 与take care of 存在逻辑上的动宾关系，因此使用被动形式，在句中充当宾语补足语。
答案：C
4．(2012·蚌埠联考)A few days after the interview I received a letter________ my admission to the university.
A．offering B．offered
C．having offered D．to be offered
解析：考查非谓语动词。offer 和其逻辑主语a letter 之间是主谓关系，所以要用现在分词表主动，相当于which offered。语意为：面试后的几天，我收到了这所大学录取我的信。
答案：A
5．Can you imagine what difficulty people had this year________ against the severe natural disasters?
A．fighting B．to fight
C．fought D．fight
解析：考查固定句式的用法。“sb.have some difficulty in doing sth.”是固定句式，意思是“某人做某事有困难”，其中的介词in 可以省略。
答案：A
6．(2012·衡阳调考)Cao Cao's tomb is reported________ in Anyang，which attracts nationwide attention.
A．being found B．to be found
C．having been found D．to have been found
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：据报道，安阳发现了曹操墓，引起了全国(民众)的关注。前半句是“It's reported that Cao Cao's tomb has been found in Anyang”的另外一种表达方式，表示该动作已经发生，所以用不定式的完成形式。
答案：D
7．(2012·日照调考)You can hardly imagine the efforts I have made________ the goal.
A．to achieve B．of achieving
C．to of achieving D．to have achieved
解析：本题考查非谓语动词。句意为：你简直无法想像我为了实现目标所付出的努力。动词不定式作目的状语，故A项正确。
答案：A
8．(2012·绍兴模拟)When I came in，I found Lucy________ by the window________ to music.
A．seated；listening B．seated；listened
C．seating；listened D．seating；listening
解析：考查非谓语动词的用法。第一空用seated，相当于sitting；第二空用动词的v ing形式，表示主动。
答案：A
9．It was reported that 115 miners________ in the flooded mine for eight days were pulled alive at last.
A．trapped B．being trapped
C．were trapped D．had trapped
解析：考查非谓语动词。所填词作后置定语，逻辑主语是miners，而非谓语动词与逻辑主语是被动关系，且表示的动作发生在过去，故用过去分词，选A。
答案：A
10．(2012·启东模拟)________ from the operation，the patient was advised to stay in hospital for another two weeks.
A．Having not fully recovered
B．Being not fully recovered
C．Not having fully recovered
D．Not fully recovering
解析：本题考查非谓语动词。the patient 与recover 间为主谓关系，且recover 这个动作发生在was advised 之前，因此要用现在分词的完成式，且否定词not 要放在分词的前面，因此答案为C。
答案：C
11．—Be careful！Don't forget you are on a ladder.
—But you are holding it for me，nothing________ .
A．worry about B．to worry about
C．is worried about D．worrying about
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：——小心点。别忘了你在梯子上。——但是你扶着呢，没什么可担心的。不定式to worry about 作后置定语。
答案：B
12．(2012·淮阳二模)________ by a greater demand for green products，the food company has set higher standards to ensure the quality.
A．Driven B．Being driven
C．To drive D．Having driven
解析：考查非谓语动词。绿色食品的巨大需求使食品公司制订了更高的标准以保证质量。动词drive与其逻辑主语the food company 存在动宾关系，因此应该使用过去分词。
答案：A
13．(2012·绍兴模拟)It's wonderful to hike with Dad and I have felt________ with him.
A．to protected B．protected
C．protecting D．to be protected
解析：本题考查非谓语动词。根据语境知felt 与protect 之间是被动关系，排除选项A和C；和父亲一起的徒步旅行已经结束，排除选项D。
答案：B
14．The firefighters were searching the burning train for survivors, with masks ________ their mouths.
A．covered B．covering
C．to cover D．to be covered
解析：考查非谓语动词。在with复合结构中masks和cover之间存在主谓关系，故用现在分词作宾补。
答案：B
15．(2012·大连联考)Do you walk out of the gym, ________ energetic and refreshed?
A．feel B．to feel
C．felt D．feeling
解析：考查非谓语动词。句子的主语you和feel存在主谓关系，故用现在分词表示伴随状况。
答案：D
16．(2012·荆门模拟)________ many times, he finally gave up the habit of smoking.
A．Reminded B．Reminding
C．Having been reminded D．Having reminded
解析：考查非谓语动词。remind的动作先于“gave up the habit of smoking”的动作，故此处用现在分词的完成式。remind和he之间是动宾关系，故用被动形式，答案为C项。
答案：C
17．(2012·长春二模)Seeing what a poor life she is living, the woman regretted ________ the wounded soldier.
A．to marry B．marrying
C．married D．to have married
解析：考查非谓语动词。regret后面接动名词表示“对已发生的事情表示后悔”；regret后面接不定式表示“对马上要做的事表示遗憾”。
答案：B
18．—Let's meet at the Progress Cinema at 7∶00 pm.
—OK! Oh, don't forget ________ the film tickets in advance. The film is very popular.
A．to buy B．buying
C．to have bought D．having bought
解析：考查非谓语动词。表示动作尚未发生，即忘记要做某事，应用forget to do sth.；表示忘记做过了某事，应该用forget doing sth.。由语意可知买电影票的动作尚未发生，故用不定式的一般形式。
答案：A
19．(2012·合肥检测)________ with the original artwork, the copy looks much rougher.
A．Compare B．Compared
C．Comparing D．To compare
解析：考查非谓语动词。compare和copy之间存在动宾关系，故用过去分词短语作时间状语。
答案：B
20．(2012·武汉调考)China has promised not to use the nuclear weapon unless ________ by the atom bombs.
A．being struck B．striking
C．strike D．struck
解析：考查非谓语动词和状语从句的省略形式。strike和China之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。unless struck by the atom bombs相当于unless China is struck by the atom bombs。
答案：D
高考语法通关
九、名词性从句
1．(2012·抚顺二模)After working on the maths problem for hours，he found________ he thought was the key to it.
A．what B．that
C．where D．which
解析：what引导的名词性从句作found的宾语从句的主语，而且what在宾语从句中作主语。he thought 为插入语。
答案：A
2．(2012·衡阳模拟)Sometimes advertisements make ________ possible for companies to sell the customers ________ money can not buy.
A．/；that B．it；what
C．that；which D．it；whose
解析：句意为：有时广告让公司把用钱买不到的东西卖给顾客变得可能。it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语。what 引导的是宾语从句，并在宾语从句中作宾语。
答案：B
3．Most of________ we call geniuses (天才) are successful only because they have made extraordinary efforts.
A．whom B．who
C．which D．what
解析：分析句子成分可知of后的宾语从句中，动词call后面缺少英语补足语，故用what引导。
答案：D
4．(2012·徐州月考)She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do________ it takes to save her life.
A．whichever B．however
C．whatever D．whoever
解析：句意为：她对我们弥足珍贵。我们已经准备好尽一切努力挽救她的生命。这里的whatever 既作take的宾语，也引导do后的宾语从句。
答案：C
5．(2012·烟台期中)—Why are you staring at me?
—You look stupid！The way you wear is________ annoys me most.
A．which B．where
C．how D．what
解析：考查名词性从句的引导词。所选关系代词引导一个表语从句，并在从句中作主语，所以要用what。
答案： D
6．(2012·南通质检)Faced with trouble or difficulty，a person takes ________ help that is available.
A．whatever B．whenever
C．wherever D．however
解析：句意为：面对困难或挫折，一个人会接受任何可能得到的帮助。whatever 在此修饰help，意为“无论什么”，而其他三个选项，不作形容词，不能修饰名词，故排除。
答案：A
7．The fact has worried many scientists________ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A．what B．which
C．that D．though
解析：句意为：近年地球越来越暖的事实让许多科学家担心。从句“the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years”不缺少成分，因此选C项。that引导的从句作fact的同位语。
答案：C
8．(2012·唐山检测)—Do you know her?
—No.Her name rings a bell but I can't remember ________ I read it before.
A．where B．what
C．that D．if
解析：考查名词性从句。答语语意是：我不认识她。她的名字好像很熟，但我想不起来在哪儿见到过了。A、B、C三个选项中只有where 可在宾语从句中作地点状语，if不符合语意。
答案：A
9．________ there are living creatures in the outer space as those on Earth hasn't been proved until now.
A．How B．When
C．Where D．Whether
解析：本题考查名词性从句。句意为：外太空是否存在像地球上一样的生物还不能确定。whether引导主语从句。
答案：D
10．(2012·苏州模拟)The media today can draw public attention to ________ help is actually needed.
A．that B．which
C．where D．whose
解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词，结合题干，where引导宾语从句并且在宾语从句中作地点状语。
答案：C
11．(2011·汕头模拟)Although I like cars, I don't want to buy one. My reason is ________ the price of oil keeps rising all the time.
A．because B．that
C．why D．how
解析：考查表语从句。当句子的主语是reason时，表语从句常用that引导，不用because。语意“尽管我喜欢车，但我不想买。我的理由是油价一直在上涨”。
答案：B
12．(2012·衡阳月考)—I was late this morning.
—Is that ________ your alarm clock failed to go off again?
A．why B．how
C．because D．when
解析：考查表语从句。“我今天迟到了”是结果，“闹钟没有响”是原因，because 用来陈述原因，why后面跟结果。
答案：C
13．The value of life lies not in ________ many days we live, but in ________ use we make of them.
A．that；which B．what；that
C．how；what D．what；how
解析：考查介词后的宾语从句。第一空因为后面有many，要用how修饰；第二空后有use，是make use of中将use提前，所以要用what修饰。语意：生命的价值不在于能活多少天，而在于我们如何使用这些日子。
答案：C
14．—Is there any possibility ________ you'll be back by the weekend and attend the party?
—No problem.
A．when B．that
C．whether D．what
解析：考查同位语从句。语意：你有可能周末之前回来出席这个晚会吗？此处用than引导同位语从句，与possibility构成同位关系。
答案：B
15．All things considered, I think we ought to give the job ________ we believe has a strong sense of duty.
A．whoever B．whomever
C．who D．those
解析：考查宾语从句。语意：考虑到各方面的情况，我想我们应该把这项工作交给我们认为有强烈责任感的人。we believe为插入语，宾语从句中缺少主语，故用whoever，表示“无论谁”。
答案：A
16．(2012·启东期中)Noways the doctors are trying their best to reduce people's fear ________ they would be affected by the disease caused by an insect.
A．why B．how
C．if D．that
解析：考查同位语从句。fear是名词，后跟一个that引导的同位语从句，说明fear的具体内容。
答案：D
17．(2012·南京模拟)—Why were you so upset that you couldn't do what you wanted to?
—I couldn't say ________ that bothered me.
A．what was it B．is was what
C．was it what D．what it was
解析：考查宾语从句和强调句。特殊疑问句的强调句式为：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他成分。而此处是在宾语从句中，句子应用陈述语序，故选D。
答案：D
18．(2012·安庆质检)—Shall we have a picnic tomorrow?
—It depends on the weather ________ we will go.
A．if B．whether
C．that D．when
解析：考查主语从句。语意：——我们明天去野炊吗？——我们是否去要看天气而定。whether引导主语从句，it作形式主语。
答案：B
19．(2011·焦作期中)I had little doubt ________ the worldwide anti smoking campaigns will make more and more people be aware of the danger of smoking.
A．whether B．that
C．since D．if
解析：考查同位语从句。语意：全球范围的反吸烟运动将会使越来越多的人意识到吸烟的危害，我对这一点儿都不怀疑。little doubt表示“不怀疑”，要用that来引导同位语从句。而whether，if均表示“是否”，可排除。
答案：B
20．We think that it's love, generosity and perseverance ________ make the world ________ it is today.
A．what；that B．that；what
C．which；what D．which；that
解析：考查强调句型及宾语从句。第一空为强调句型，故用that；第二空考查的是宾语从句的连接词what，具体说是一个宾语补足语从句。
答案：B
