上海市2022届高三英语概要写作专项练习（含答案）
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| 名称 | 上海市2022届高三英语概要写作专项练习（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 52.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 上教版（2020） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-03-02 16:49:48 | ||
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文档简介
Summary汇编
IV. Summary Writing
Airline seats have been one-size-fits-all since the beginning. Today, those 16.5 to 18-inch wide seats are anything but.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity(肥胖症) has more than doubled since 1980. In 2014, more than l.9 billion adults were overweight, and over 600 million were obese.
The unchanged seat size and increase of obese passengers highlight the conflict between airlines’ needs and basic passenger rights.
Last month, lawyer Giorgio Destro, an Italian lawyer, sued Emirates, claiming his flight was disturbed by an obese passenger seated next to him. According to reports, Destro was not able to comfortably sit in his assigned seat, and spent much of the nine-hour flight standing or sitting in crew seats, because a 400-pound passenger took up half of his seat.
Many airlines have responded to the growing obesity by insisting passengers of size buy two seats to ensure safety and comfort. Samoa Air, for example, is charging by weight (which has become known as a “fat tax”). At first glance, the fat tax issue sounds discriminatory (歧视的), but some argue that this is purely down to numbers. A kilo is a kilo. It has nothing to do, with the condition of the weight. The heavier a plane is, the more fuel it burns through. In other words, the argument is whether it is fair that a 150-pound person is charged for their 50-pound bag, when a 300-pound person with a carry-on isn’t charged anything extra.
However, Peggy Howell of NAAFA argues that obesity is an illness, and that obese people should be entitled to having certain rights protected.
“We question the legality of the discriminatory policy and whether it violates the Air Carrier Access Act governing the treatment of passengers with disabilities,” she says. “The American Medical Association (AMA) recently declared obesity a disease, which should make fat passengers a protected class.”
Howell points out that the Canadian Transportation Agency (CTA) addressed this issue in 2009, and issued a ‘one-person, one-fare’ ruling covering passengers with disabilities. Those passengers include ones who are ‘clinically obese’ and who cannot fit into a single seat.
答案：
with the increasing obesity , airline one-size-fits-all seats can’t satisfy the needs of obese passageers. To solve the conflict between airlines’ needs and passage rights, many airlines have asked overweight passengers to pay more to fly , because a heavier plane burns more fuel. However, objectors think the disabled , including fat passengers ,should be protected instead of being charged more.
Ⅳ.Reading and Writing
Directions: Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in NO MORE THAN 60 WORDS.Use your own words as far as possible.Write your answer on the answer sheet.
A lot of us fall into the trap of thinking travel will solve our problems.But some problems can only be solved by tackling them head on. Travel won’t make you any happier if it doesn’t change anything that relates to your problems.
To illustrate this,let’s imagine that your goal in life is to become an alpaco（羊驼）farmer.You’re stuck in a dead end job at home,not an alpaca in sight.You’re depressed and think you’ll never own that farm.
You’ve seen all these articles online about travel and how it leads to so much happiness and wish fulfillment for others.Plus it’s so easy.All you need to do is leave.Pretty soon you’re also thinking that travel will make you happy and fulfill your dreams.So you go away and travel and you have a great time.
Travel is so intense that it can dazzle you for months or even years.You’re experiencing so many new things that you’re constantly in the now.The future doesn’t matter when you’re bungee jumping off an elephant.But soon things settle down and when you get time to think,your mind will soon drift back to that farm.
Travel becomes that boring job,the world becomes your office.You find yourself staring longingly outwards,dreaming of alpacas.
That’s not to say your travel has been wasted.Maybe it will just show you what you’ve always known anyway and that you really need to focus on the alpaca problem.Maybe it will give you enough confidence to follow that alpaca dream.
But if you already know what your problems are,you don’t need to travel to solve them.Travel may not even help!
Reading and Summary Writing
It’s wrong for us to think travel can solve problems. Imaging you’re longing for a farm but depressed, you’re attracted by advertisements and go to travel. You experience fun during traveling, but finally you’ll face former difficulties. Then travel itself becomes boring. Anyway, travel may help you gain confidence, but it’s helpless if you already know what to do. (59 words)
What I think of boxing as a sport
Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently cover boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers are treated as big heroes.
It seems to me that some people, especially men, find it appealing because it is an aggressive sport. When they watch a boxing match, they can identify with the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a winner themselves. Sometimes fans are rooting for a particular boxer, moreover because the boxer comes form their own country, and if "their" boxer loses, they often feel as if they have lost a fight themselves. It is a fact that many people have feelings of aggression from time to time, but they cannot show their aggression in their everyday lives. Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression.
However, there is a negative side to boxing. It can be a very dangerous sport. Although boxers wear gloves during the fights, and amateur boxers even have to wear helmets, there have frequently been accidents in both professional and amateur boxing, sometimes with dramatic consequences. Boxers have suffered from head injuries, and occasionally, fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the ring. For example, studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing, in the form of serious brain damage, even if a boxer has never been knocked out.
To conclude, I am personally not at all in favour of aggressive sports like boxing. I think it would be better if less time was given to aggressive sports on TV, and we celebrated more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society. I believe that the world is aggressive enough already! Of course, people like competitive sports, and so do I, but I think that hitting other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.
Summary
The author is opposed to boxing as a sport. Boxing is nowadays very popular because people, especially men, release their feelings of aggression while watching the boxing match. However, boxing can have a devastating impact on boxer’ health and even lives. Therefore, the author appeals to the public to enjoy more non-aggressive sports.
IV. Summary Writing (15分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 70 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was, thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546.Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.
Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist, encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground. (302 words)
Summary (15分) (标答)
People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. For a long time in history, people of some European countries believed that dirt protected people from getting ill. However, people began to change their attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago. People have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy. However, some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our immune system. (69 W)
ⅠSummary Writing（10%）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Rote learning has become seen as an outdated method of teaching. The dictionary defines learning “by rote” as:” from memory, without though of meaning; in a mechanical way.”
The decline of rote learning has been quickened by technology. No one needs to memorize friends’ phone numbers or email addresses because such data is conveniently stored and accessible electronically. And why remember when and where World War Ⅱ broke out when you can find the answer on the Internet in about six seconds But now there are voices for a need to return to rote learning.
In fact, memorizing key data is essential to learning any skill. Doctoring requires knowledge of medicine and lawyering requires knowledge of cases and laws. Of course, being able to recall things will not further your understanding of those things, but without memorizing these foundation elements, you cannot progress to a deeper understanding of a subject.
While the internet and computers have weakened the need for us to remember things, it may well be that mobile learning can help bring this style of learning back to life by making it more convenient and more fun.
Drilling yourself---with flashcards or by repetition--is usually hard and boring work, which is way most people triplication tables to be drilled into them by teachers or parents. Rote learning without a willing third party can be a battle of discipline and motivation. But mobile learning can make those flashcards and drills more appropriate to individual study; our digital devices can challenge and inform us at the same time and also keep us motivated, whether through game-like structures or recording our progress.
Once you’ve acquired the essentials of a subject by rote learning, you will find it easier to go deeper in the application of knowledge which is important.
Summary
Rote learning means mechanical memorization. Although technology makes it less needed, its value is being rediscovered. Rote learning helps people acquire basic knowledge, laying a foundation for further understanding. In fact, technology makes mobile learning possible, which motivates learners in rote learning and makes memorization more interesting and individualized. (49 words)
IV. Summary Writing (10%)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Learn from mistakes
The best way to learn something is to make mistakes first. Thomas Edison, who invented the light bulb, told his colleagues: “Of the 200 light bulbs that didn’t work, every failure told me something I was able to incorporate into the next attempt.” Benjamin Franklin, the US statesman and scientist once said: “I haven’t failed. I have had 10,000 ideas that didn’t work.”
Both these people understood that failures and false starts are the condition of success. In fact, a surprising number of everyday objects had their beginnings in a mistake or a misunderstanding. Post-it-notes, packets of crisps and even bread are all unexpected inventions. In 2600 BC, a tired Egyptian slave invented bread when the dough rose during his sleep . And crisps were first cooked by a chief in the USA when a customer complained that his fried potatoes were not thin enough.
In 1958 Spencer Silver was trying to develop a strong adhesive when he accidentally invented a very weak glue instead. His colleague, Art Fry , decided to use it six years later, in 1974, to hold his bookmarks in his books and the post-it note was invented.
Successful businesspeople have often made big , expensive mistakes in their past. When an employee of IBM made a mistake that cost the company $600,000, Thomos Watson, the chairman, was asked if he would fire the man. “Of course not,” he replied. “I have just spent $600,000 training him. I am not going to let another company benefit from experience.”
The important thing to remember is that you need to learn from your mistakes. If you don’t ,then there is no sense in making them.”
Summary:
The best way to learn something is to make mistakes first（要点1）. And failures and false starts are the condition of success. In fact, lots of everyday objects had their beginnings in a mistake （要点2）.Besides, Successful businesspeople have often made big , expensive mistakes in their past（要点3）. All in all, The important thing is that you need to learn from your mistakes.
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
A Father’s Influence Makes for Better Grades
Adolescents from low-income families in particular are more likely than their middle-class peers to underachieve and to drop out of school. Studies have shown that a positive attitude towards school work and the support and encouragement from their parents can help at-risk youngsters to overcome the economic barriers and lack of resources they face. Most of the evidence about the effects of parental involvement comes from research on mothers. Little is known, however, about how adolescents experience their fathers’ warmth and the beliefs and behaviors that are most affected by it.
This new study is part of a larger one focusing on low-income families conducted in four middle schools in the southwestern United States. Data were analyzed from questionnaires completed by 183 sixth-graders about how optimistic and motivated they were about their schoolwork, and how they experienced their fathers. The questionnaires were completed primarily by respondents of Mexican American, African American and European American descent. Their maths and language arts grades were also obtained.
Their findings show how fathers can support their teenagers in ways that result in greater optimism, self-efficacy, and, ultimately, higher achievement at school.
These positive effects extend to both sons and daughters, while in different ways. Experiencing their father’s warmth first influences daughters’ sense of optimism, and then spills over into their feeling more determined and certain about their academic abilities. This in turn leads to better math grades. There is a more direct link between their fathers’ involvement and teenage boys’ belief in their ability to succeed on the academic front. This heightened self-confidence increased their success in English language arts classes.
Suizzo suggests that counselors and educators should encourage fathers to communicate warmth and acceptance to their children, because of the positive influence these emotions have on their well-being.
IV. Summary Writing
A possible version:
Evidence shows that mothers can help children overcome difficulties, but a recent study finds that fathers also have positive influences. (Point 1)They can help children feel more optimistic and self-confident, (Point 2) which boosts the math scores of teenage girls(Point 3)and the language abilities of boys(Point 4). Therefore, fathers should be encouraged to convey care and recognition to their children. (Point 5)(56 words)
IV. Summary Writing
Airline seats have been one-size-fits-all since the beginning. Today, those 16.5 to 18-inch wide seats are anything but.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity(肥胖症) has more than doubled since 1980. In 2014, more than l.9 billion adults were overweight, and over 600 million were obese.
The unchanged seat size and increase of obese passengers highlight the conflict between airlines’ needs and basic passenger rights.
Last month, lawyer Giorgio Destro, an Italian lawyer, sued Emirates, claiming his flight was disturbed by an obese passenger seated next to him. According to reports, Destro was not able to comfortably sit in his assigned seat, and spent much of the nine-hour flight standing or sitting in crew seats, because a 400-pound passenger took up half of his seat.
Many airlines have responded to the growing obesity by insisting passengers of size buy two seats to ensure safety and comfort. Samoa Air, for example, is charging by weight (which has become known as a “fat tax”). At first glance, the fat tax issue sounds discriminatory (歧视的), but some argue that this is purely down to numbers. A kilo is a kilo. It has nothing to do, with the condition of the weight. The heavier a plane is, the more fuel it burns through. In other words, the argument is whether it is fair that a 150-pound person is charged for their 50-pound bag, when a 300-pound person with a carry-on isn’t charged anything extra.
However, Peggy Howell of NAAFA argues that obesity is an illness, and that obese people should be entitled to having certain rights protected.
“We question the legality of the discriminatory policy and whether it violates the Air Carrier Access Act governing the treatment of passengers with disabilities,” she says. “The American Medical Association (AMA) recently declared obesity a disease, which should make fat passengers a protected class.”
Howell points out that the Canadian Transportation Agency (CTA) addressed this issue in 2009, and issued a ‘one-person, one-fare’ ruling covering passengers with disabilities. Those passengers include ones who are ‘clinically obese’ and who cannot fit into a single seat.
答案：
with the increasing obesity , airline one-size-fits-all seats can’t satisfy the needs of obese passageers. To solve the conflict between airlines’ needs and passage rights, many airlines have asked overweight passengers to pay more to fly , because a heavier plane burns more fuel. However, objectors think the disabled , including fat passengers ,should be protected instead of being charged more.
Ⅳ.Reading and Writing
Directions: Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in NO MORE THAN 60 WORDS.Use your own words as far as possible.Write your answer on the answer sheet.
A lot of us fall into the trap of thinking travel will solve our problems.But some problems can only be solved by tackling them head on. Travel won’t make you any happier if it doesn’t change anything that relates to your problems.
To illustrate this,let’s imagine that your goal in life is to become an alpaco（羊驼）farmer.You’re stuck in a dead end job at home,not an alpaca in sight.You’re depressed and think you’ll never own that farm.
You’ve seen all these articles online about travel and how it leads to so much happiness and wish fulfillment for others.Plus it’s so easy.All you need to do is leave.Pretty soon you’re also thinking that travel will make you happy and fulfill your dreams.So you go away and travel and you have a great time.
Travel is so intense that it can dazzle you for months or even years.You’re experiencing so many new things that you’re constantly in the now.The future doesn’t matter when you’re bungee jumping off an elephant.But soon things settle down and when you get time to think,your mind will soon drift back to that farm.
Travel becomes that boring job,the world becomes your office.You find yourself staring longingly outwards,dreaming of alpacas.
That’s not to say your travel has been wasted.Maybe it will just show you what you’ve always known anyway and that you really need to focus on the alpaca problem.Maybe it will give you enough confidence to follow that alpaca dream.
But if you already know what your problems are,you don’t need to travel to solve them.Travel may not even help!
Reading and Summary Writing
It’s wrong for us to think travel can solve problems. Imaging you’re longing for a farm but depressed, you’re attracted by advertisements and go to travel. You experience fun during traveling, but finally you’ll face former difficulties. Then travel itself becomes boring. Anyway, travel may help you gain confidence, but it’s helpless if you already know what to do. (59 words)
What I think of boxing as a sport
Boxing is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by. Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently cover boxing matches. Professional boxers earn a lot of money, and successful boxers are treated as big heroes.
It seems to me that some people, especially men, find it appealing because it is an aggressive sport. When they watch a boxing match, they can identify with the winning boxer, and this gives them the feeling of being a winner themselves. Sometimes fans are rooting for a particular boxer, moreover because the boxer comes form their own country, and if "their" boxer loses, they often feel as if they have lost a fight themselves. It is a fact that many people have feelings of aggression from time to time, but they cannot show their aggression in their everyday lives. Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression.
However, there is a negative side to boxing. It can be a very dangerous sport. Although boxers wear gloves during the fights, and amateur boxers even have to wear helmets, there have frequently been accidents in both professional and amateur boxing, sometimes with dramatic consequences. Boxers have suffered from head injuries, and occasionally, fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the ring. For example, studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxing, in the form of serious brain damage, even if a boxer has never been knocked out.
To conclude, I am personally not at all in favour of aggressive sports like boxing. I think it would be better if less time was given to aggressive sports on TV, and we celebrated more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society. I believe that the world is aggressive enough already! Of course, people like competitive sports, and so do I, but I think that hitting other people in an aggressive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.
Summary
The author is opposed to boxing as a sport. Boxing is nowadays very popular because people, especially men, release their feelings of aggression while watching the boxing match. However, boxing can have a devastating impact on boxer’ health and even lives. Therefore, the author appeals to the public to enjoy more non-aggressive sports.
IV. Summary Writing (15分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 70 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was, thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546.Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.
Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist, encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground. (302 words)
Summary (15分) (标答)
People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin. For a long time in history, people of some European countries believed that dirt protected people from getting ill. However, people began to change their attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago. People have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy. However, some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our immune system. (69 W)
ⅠSummary Writing（10%）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Rote learning has become seen as an outdated method of teaching. The dictionary defines learning “by rote” as:” from memory, without though of meaning; in a mechanical way.”
The decline of rote learning has been quickened by technology. No one needs to memorize friends’ phone numbers or email addresses because such data is conveniently stored and accessible electronically. And why remember when and where World War Ⅱ broke out when you can find the answer on the Internet in about six seconds But now there are voices for a need to return to rote learning.
In fact, memorizing key data is essential to learning any skill. Doctoring requires knowledge of medicine and lawyering requires knowledge of cases and laws. Of course, being able to recall things will not further your understanding of those things, but without memorizing these foundation elements, you cannot progress to a deeper understanding of a subject.
While the internet and computers have weakened the need for us to remember things, it may well be that mobile learning can help bring this style of learning back to life by making it more convenient and more fun.
Drilling yourself---with flashcards or by repetition--is usually hard and boring work, which is way most people triplication tables to be drilled into them by teachers or parents. Rote learning without a willing third party can be a battle of discipline and motivation. But mobile learning can make those flashcards and drills more appropriate to individual study; our digital devices can challenge and inform us at the same time and also keep us motivated, whether through game-like structures or recording our progress.
Once you’ve acquired the essentials of a subject by rote learning, you will find it easier to go deeper in the application of knowledge which is important.
Summary
Rote learning means mechanical memorization. Although technology makes it less needed, its value is being rediscovered. Rote learning helps people acquire basic knowledge, laying a foundation for further understanding. In fact, technology makes mobile learning possible, which motivates learners in rote learning and makes memorization more interesting and individualized. (49 words)
IV. Summary Writing (10%)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Learn from mistakes
The best way to learn something is to make mistakes first. Thomas Edison, who invented the light bulb, told his colleagues: “Of the 200 light bulbs that didn’t work, every failure told me something I was able to incorporate into the next attempt.” Benjamin Franklin, the US statesman and scientist once said: “I haven’t failed. I have had 10,000 ideas that didn’t work.”
Both these people understood that failures and false starts are the condition of success. In fact, a surprising number of everyday objects had their beginnings in a mistake or a misunderstanding. Post-it-notes, packets of crisps and even bread are all unexpected inventions. In 2600 BC, a tired Egyptian slave invented bread when the dough rose during his sleep . And crisps were first cooked by a chief in the USA when a customer complained that his fried potatoes were not thin enough.
In 1958 Spencer Silver was trying to develop a strong adhesive when he accidentally invented a very weak glue instead. His colleague, Art Fry , decided to use it six years later, in 1974, to hold his bookmarks in his books and the post-it note was invented.
Successful businesspeople have often made big , expensive mistakes in their past. When an employee of IBM made a mistake that cost the company $600,000, Thomos Watson, the chairman, was asked if he would fire the man. “Of course not,” he replied. “I have just spent $600,000 training him. I am not going to let another company benefit from experience.”
The important thing to remember is that you need to learn from your mistakes. If you don’t ,then there is no sense in making them.”
Summary:
The best way to learn something is to make mistakes first（要点1）. And failures and false starts are the condition of success. In fact, lots of everyday objects had their beginnings in a mistake （要点2）.Besides, Successful businesspeople have often made big , expensive mistakes in their past（要点3）. All in all, The important thing is that you need to learn from your mistakes.
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
A Father’s Influence Makes for Better Grades
Adolescents from low-income families in particular are more likely than their middle-class peers to underachieve and to drop out of school. Studies have shown that a positive attitude towards school work and the support and encouragement from their parents can help at-risk youngsters to overcome the economic barriers and lack of resources they face. Most of the evidence about the effects of parental involvement comes from research on mothers. Little is known, however, about how adolescents experience their fathers’ warmth and the beliefs and behaviors that are most affected by it.
This new study is part of a larger one focusing on low-income families conducted in four middle schools in the southwestern United States. Data were analyzed from questionnaires completed by 183 sixth-graders about how optimistic and motivated they were about their schoolwork, and how they experienced their fathers. The questionnaires were completed primarily by respondents of Mexican American, African American and European American descent. Their maths and language arts grades were also obtained.
Their findings show how fathers can support their teenagers in ways that result in greater optimism, self-efficacy, and, ultimately, higher achievement at school.
These positive effects extend to both sons and daughters, while in different ways. Experiencing their father’s warmth first influences daughters’ sense of optimism, and then spills over into their feeling more determined and certain about their academic abilities. This in turn leads to better math grades. There is a more direct link between their fathers’ involvement and teenage boys’ belief in their ability to succeed on the academic front. This heightened self-confidence increased their success in English language arts classes.
Suizzo suggests that counselors and educators should encourage fathers to communicate warmth and acceptance to their children, because of the positive influence these emotions have on their well-being.
IV. Summary Writing
A possible version:
Evidence shows that mothers can help children overcome difficulties, but a recent study finds that fathers also have positive influences. (Point 1)They can help children feel more optimistic and self-confident, (Point 2) which boosts the math scores of teenage girls(Point 3)and the language abilities of boys(Point 4). Therefore, fathers should be encouraged to convey care and recognition to their children. (Point 5)(56 words)