中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
8年级(下) Units 3—4导学案
一、重点单词
1.垃圾；废弃物(n.)________ 2.折叠；对折(v.)________
3.地板(n.)________ 4.杂乱；不整洁(n.)________
5.也不(adv.)两者都不(pron.)_______ 6.衬衫(n.)________
7.给；递；走过；通过(v.)________ 8.借；借用(v.)________
9.手指(n.)________ 10.讨厌；厌恶(v.)________
11.当……的时候;然而(conj.)________ 12.点心；小吃(n.)________
13.心理负担(n.)________ 14.提供；供应(v.)________
15.(美式)橄榄球；足球________ 16.造成；引起(v.)________
17.邻居(n.)________ 18.错误的(adj.)________
19.猜测；估计(v.)________ 20.协议；交易(n.)________
21.关系；联系；交往(n.)________ 22.云；云朵(n.)________
23.年纪较长的(adj.)________ 24.任何；每一(pron.)_______
25.焦虑的；担忧的(adj.)________ 26.主动提出(v.)________
27.代替；反而；却(adv.)________ 28.合适的(adj.)________
29.第二；其次(adv.)________ 30.清楚易懂的(adj.)________
31.抄袭；复印(v.)________ 32.归还;返回(v.)________
33.(不)再(adv.)________ 34.成员；分子(n.)________
35.压力(n.)________ 36.技艺；技巧(n.)________
37.典型的(adj.)________ 38.持续；继续存在(v.)_______
39.不理智的；疯狂的(adj.)________ 40.鞭策；督促(v.)________
二、词汇拓展
1. sweep(v.)打；打扫→________(过去式/过去分词)
2．throw(v.)扔；掷→________(过去式)→________(过去分词)
3．lend(v.)借给；借出→________(过去式/过去分词)
4．waste(n.)浪费；垃圾(v.)浪费；滥用→________(adj.)浪费的 →________(反义词)(v.)节省；节约
5．depend(v.)依靠；依赖→_____________(adj.)依赖的；依靠的
→___________(n.)依赖；依靠→____________(adj.)独立的；自主的
6．develop(v.)发展；壮大→_______________(adj.)发展中的→_______________(n.)发展；发育；成长
7．fair(adj.)公平的；公正的→________(adj.)不公平的；不公正的→___________(n.)公平；公正性8．ill(adj.)有病；不舒服→________(n.)病；疾病
9．drop(v.)落下；掉下→________(过去式/过去分词)→__________(现在分词)
10．wrong(adj.)有毛病的；错误的→________(反义词)(adj.)正确的
11．communicate(v.)沟通；交流→_______________(n.)交流；沟通
12．explain(v.)解释；说明→____________(n.)解释；说明
13．compete(v.)竞争；对抗→___________(n.)竞争；竞赛
14．quick(adj.)快的→________(adv.)快地；迅速地
15．compare(v.)比较；对比→____________(n.)对比
16．usual(adj.)通常的；寻常的→________(adv.)通常地→________(adj.)不寻常的；不一般的
17．argue(v.)争吵；争论→___________(n.)争吵；争论
三、重点短语
1.倒垃圾 ________________________________
2.频繁；反复 ________________________________
3.一……就…… ________________________________
4.目的是；为了 ________________________________
5.依靠；信赖 ________________________________
6.照顾；处理 ________________________________
7.快速查看；浏览________________________________
8.成功地发展；解决 ________________________________
9.和睦相处；关系良好 ________________________________
10.代替________________________________
11.扔下________________________________
12.删除；删去________________________________
13.比较；对比 ________________________________
14.依……看 ________________________________
15.没问题 ________________________________
16.惊讶地 ________________________________
17.走过来 ________________________________
18.整理床铺________________________________
19.和……吵架________________________________
20.了解________________________________
四、重点句型
1. —________ ________ ________ clean your room？你能打扫你的房间吗？
—Sure, Mom.当然可以，妈妈。
2．We'll call you ________ ________ ________ we get there.我们一到达那里就给你打电话。
3．—I don't like this kind of food.我不喜欢这种食物。
—________ ________ I．我也不喜欢。
4．________ ________ you talk to your parents？你为什么不和你父母谈谈？
5．My parents don't allow me to _______ _______ with my friends.
我父母不允许我和朋友们一起出去闲逛。
6．________he watches whatever he wants until late at night.相反，他看他想看的任何节目，一直到深夜。
7．Others are practicing sports ________ ________ they can compete and win.
其他人都在进行体育训练，以便他们能参加竞赛并且获胜。
五、熟词生义
1.return
n.返回；归还；回报(v.归还；回来；返回)
You must return the book on time. __________________ (v.)
He slammed the door(猛力关门) and returned to bed. __________________(v.)
Animals bring a lot of joy to our lives，but they ask for little in return. __________________(n.)
2.while
n.一段时间；一会儿(conj.与……同时；当……时候；而；然而)
The teacher came in while the boy was talking. __________________(conj.)
I like tea while he likes coffee. __________________(conj.)
On her third visit，she stopped and stayed for a while.__________________ (n.)
3.clear
v.清理；清除(adj.清楚易懂的；明白清楚的；晴朗的)
I felt I could hardly continue the journey unless the mystery was made clear. __________________(adj.)
When the woman finished，he cleared the table. __________________(v.)
The remains of the snow had been cleared from the streets. __________________(v.)
4.drop
n.滴；水珠(v.落下；掉下；放弃)
Be careful not to drop the plate.__________________(v.)
She said no more，hoping that the subject would be dropped until Jimmy's parents came back. __________________(v.)
He looked satisfied while drops of sweat were running down his face.__________________(n.)
5.waste
n.浪费；垃圾(v.浪费；滥用)
This means that money should not be wasted.__________________(v.)
This may help to solve the problem with the waste caused by plastic bags. __________________(n.)
6.copy
n.抄本，副本；一本（份，册……）(v.抄袭；模仿；复制；复印)
She copies everything her sister does. __________________ (v.)
The novel has sold more than 200 million copies.__________________(n.)
7.deal
v.对付；对待；做生意(n.协议；交易；大量)
After a great deal of effort，the girl finally succeeded in moving the stone to the side of the road. __________________(n.)
Our 13 year old minds didn't exactly know how to deal with the bill. __________________ (v.)
8.push
n.推；搡(v.鞭策；督促；推动)
My mom has always pushed me towards becoming independent. __________________(v.)
“Just some drunken guy asking for a push，”he answered.__________________ (n.)
It's impolite of Tom to push in before others in public.__________________(v.)
9.cause
n.原因；起因(v.造成；引起；促使；使发生)
The project is still causing him a lot of problems. __________________(v.)
Another cause of shyness might be technology. __________________(n.)
六、考点清单
1. neither的用法
1).neither作代词时,意为“两者都不”,作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式,常用于“neither of+名词/代词宾格”结构,其中名词之前必须有限定词,如my,the,any,these等。
e.g. Neither of my parents enjoys music.
2).neither作形容词时,意为“( 两者 )都不”,置于可数名词单数之前。
e.g. Neither chair is comfortable.
3).neither作副词时,意为“也不”,置于句首,句子用倒装语序。neither也可用nor替换。“neither/nor+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”表示前面所表述的否定情况也适用于后者;“neither/nor+主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词”表示后者赞同前面的否定观点。
e.g. —I couldn’t do anything for her.
—Nor you could,but you might have got somebody to help her.
4).neither作连词时,可构成neither...nor...结构,意为“既不……也不……”,与both...and...意思相反。当neither...nor...连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。
e.g. Neither he nor I am able to understand the meaning of the words.
练一练
1).（2021西藏）﹣She's never read the book Journey to the West.
How about you？
﹣ .
A．So am I B．Neither have I
C．So have I D．Neither do I
2).（2021武威） We got so wet. We had ________ umbrellas ________ raincoats with us!
A ． either; or B ． both; and C ． neither; nor D ． not only; but also
2. while的用法
1.while作名词时,意为“一段时间;一会儿”。
e.g. I haven’t seen him for quite a while.
2.while作连词:
(1)意为“在……期间;当……的时候”时,引导的从句谓语动词只能是延续性的;而when引导的时间状语从句中既可以用延续性动词表示状态或时间段,也可以用非延续性动词表示动作或时间点。当主从句动作同时发生,且从句谓语动词是延续性动词时,while,when,as这三个词可以互换。
e.g. While/When/As I was studying yesterday,it suddenly snowed.
(2)意为“与……同时”,表示两件事情同时发生。as也可表示从句动作和主句动作同时发生,表示一件事情发生时,另一件事也在发生。when表示从句动作和主句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作发生。
e.g. While I was sleeping,he was writing his paper.
(3)意为“而;然而”,表示前后意义上的对比或转折。
e.g. I like English while my brother does not.
(4)意为“虽然;尽管”。
e.g. While he loves his students, he is very strict with them.
(5)意为“只要”,引导条件状语从句。
e.g. While there is water,there is hope of life.
练一练
1). （2021贵港） —We can’t get on or off a bus ______ it is moving.
—You’re right.
A. unless B. before C. while D. until
2).（2021呼伦贝尔）Love your parents they are alive. Don't wait until it is too late.
A. while B. after C. until D. unless
3. provide 的用法
辨析provide,offer和give
(1)provide主要指提供所需之物,尤其是生活必需品。接双宾语时多与介词for或with连用。
e.g. They provide us with food.
(2)offer指提供帮助、服务或令人向往之物,多含有“主动提供”之意。可接不定式作宾语,接双宾语时可与介词to连用。
e.g. He offered some useful advice to us.
(3)give意为“供给;给出”,多指一般性地给出或因别人需要而给。接双宾语时可与介词to连用。
e.g. Can you give a job to me
练一练
1). （2021呼和浩特）There are many other ways to p________ kindness for others.
2).（2021邵阳）―Lily, cars are increasing very fast nowadays.
―Actually, lots of convenience (方便) __________ for us.
A. provided B. provided C. is provided
4. allow的用法
allow为动词,意为“允许;准许;让”,后面可直接接名词或代词作宾语。常见用法:allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”;allow doing sth.“允许做某事”;be allowed to do sth.“被允许做某事”。
e.g. If you allow me,I will send you back.
His parents allowed him to stay out late.
Smoking is not allowed in the hall.
使役动词let和make也可以表示“让某人做某事”。使役动词后接动词原形作宾语补足语,但是当变为被动语态时需要加上不定式符号to,即be let to do sth.,be made to do sth.。
e.g. She often makes her child do homework all day.
She is made to follow the rules.
练一练
1). （2021呼和浩特）—In China，driving after drinking.
—You are right.That's the law.
A．is not allowed；against B．was not allowed；with
C．are not allowed；for D．were not allowed；along
2).（2021兰州）Should teenagers be ______（allow） to choose their own clothes
5. compare的用法
compare作动词,意为“比较;对比”,常与with或to连用。compare...with...意为“把……和……相比”;compare...to...意为“把……比作……”。
e.g. My mother always compares me with other kids.
People like to compare teachers to candles.
练一练
(2021西藏)Parents shouldn't always _________their children_______（比较） others.
and powerful.
6. 辨析so as to, in order to, in order that与so that
短语 用法 位置
so as to 后接动词原形作目的状语 不能放句首
in order to 后接动词原形作目的状语 能放句首
in order that 引导目的状语从句 能放句首
so that (1)引导目的状语从句，从句中常有can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should等情态动词(2)引导结果状语从句，上述情态动词很少出现，且前常有逗号与主句隔开 不能放句首
练一练
1).（2020海南）President Xi encourages all Chinese people to plant trees_________ our country can be greener and more beautiful.
A. so that B. as long as C. even though
2). （2020新疆）A man from the supermarket told Scott they had done so in order to __________(protect ) "the family".
7. 辨析instead与instead of
辨析 词性 用法
instead 副词 “代替；反而；却”， 作副词， 修饰整个句子，位于句首或句末
instead of 介词短语 “代替；而不是”， 后面跟名词、代词、名词短语或动名词
e.g. I didn’t have a pen, so I used a pencil instead.
I decided to learn French instead of Japanese.
练一练
1).(2021包头）He decided to walk home __________（代替；而不）taking a taxi.
2). (2021云南）The young should do meaningful things instead of ________ with phones all day. (play)
8. 辨析borrow, lend, keep与return
辨析 含义 用法
borrow 借入；借来 borrow sth. from sb. 表示主语向别人借东西
lend 借给；借出 lend sth. to sb.＝lend sb. sth.表示主语把东西借给别人
keep 保存；借 “keep sth. for＋一段时间”表示借多长时间
return 归还 return sth. to sb.表示主语给某人还某物，相当于give back
练一练
1). （2021贵港） I want to look up the word. Could you _____（借给）me a dictionary
2). （2021广元）You've ________the computer for ten years and it doesn't work well.Why don't you buy a new one？
A．bought B．had C．have D．borrowed
9. 表示时间、距离等词作主语的用法
I think two hours of TV is enough for you！
two hours虽然为复数形式，但表示时间、距离、金额、度量等的词语作主语时，通常被视作一个整体，谓语动词要用单数形式，因此这里用了is。
e.g. Twenty miles is a long way to walk.
Three years is a short time. You have to study hard.
练一练
(2020呼和浩特) A survey of the opinions of experts__________ that three hours of outdoor exercise a week __________good for our health.
A. show; are B. shows; is C. show; is D. shows; are
10. as soon as的用法
(1)as soon as“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，相当于“the minute (that)．..”。若主句用一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时表示将来。
e.g. I'll write to you as soon as I get there.
(2)as soon as还有“尽快”的意思，最常用的搭配是as soon as possible, as soon as you can。
练一练
(2021重庆)We were lucky yesterday. The bus left __________we got on it.
A. before B. although C. until D. as soon as
11. 辨析while与when
(1)while是连词，意为“在……期间；当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。从句谓语动词必须用延续性动词，且常用进行时态。
e.g. While I was doing my homework, my father came back home from work.
(2)when引导时间状语从句，既可以表示“某一段时间”，也可以表示“某一时刻”，从句中谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。
e.g. When I arrived in Beijing, it was raining.
Kate read the book when she went along.
(3)当主句和从句都用进行时态时，连词用while。
e.g. My father is watching TV while I am doing my homework.
练一练
1). (2021呼和浩特) —Have you told Dr.Green all our latest achievement in the vaccine research？
—Not yet.When I _____，he ______a speech，so we had no time for a few words.
A．arrive；will give B．arrived；was giving
C．arrive；is giving D．arrived；has given
2). (2021安顺) While Linda was still sleeping, hex mother_________ breakfast in the kitchen.
A. was making B. is making C. has made
12. since的用法
e.g.
I have stayed in that country since 1995.
They have lived in that house since two years ago.
Lily has stayed at home since she left school.
I have distrusted her ever since she cheated me.
拓展：since作连词，还意为“因为；既然；鉴于”，引导原因状语从句，表示对方已知的事实或理由。
e.g. He didn't come since he was busy.
Since this method doesn't work, let's try another.
练一练
1).(2021武汉) — What good books did you read recently
— I __________ Tales of China since last year, and now the third time.
A. read B. am reading C. have read D. will read
2). (2021青岛)It's reported that the temperature _____________ quickly since this morning.
13. 辨析continue与go on
短语 用法 例句
continue 指原来做一件事，现在还在做，或者中断一段时间，然后又继续做下去，后接名词、代词、动词不定式或动词 ing形式作宾语 After a short rest，we continued having a meeting.
go on 与continue相比，更加口语化。后需借助介词再接名词作宾语。go on with sth.意为“继续某事” I hope it won't go on snowing all day.
练一练
1). Whatever difficulties I meet, I will ______ working hard to realize my dream.
A. finish B. continue C. enjoy
2). Although he was very tired, he continued ______ in his office.
A. to work B. working C. work
七、语法复习：could的用法
1.could引起的一般疑问句表示有礼貌地提出请求。“Could you please do sth. ”意为“请你做某事好吗 ”句中could不表示时态,只表示委婉语气。常见答语:Sure./Certainly./Of course./Sorry,I can’t...。
e.g. —Could you please answer the telephone
—Sure./Sorry,I can’t.I’m too busy now.
2.否定结构为“Could you please not do sth. ”常见答语:Sorry,I won’t do that ( any more/again )...。
e.g. —Could you please not smoke here
—Sorry,I won’t do that again.
(1)could作can的过去式,表示过去的能力时,答语中仍用could。此外,could还可表示推测,语气较弱。
e.g. —Could you swim when you were seven years old
—No,I couldn’t.
(2)could 表示请求时,只表示一种委婉语气,答语中不能用could,只能用can。
e.g. —Could I watch TV now,Mom
—No,you can’t.
练一练
1). (2021济南)—My phone doesn't work. ____I use yours
---Sure. Here you are.
A. Must B.Could C.Need D.Would
2). (2020北京)— you give me a hand I can't move the box by myself
—No problem.
A.Could B. Should C. Must D. Need
八、写作复习：家庭生活
写作指导
家庭是最基本的社会组织之一,家庭生活是中学生生活必不可少的一部分。该话题涉及的写作通常以记叙文和说明文为主。记叙文常涉及介绍自己的家人、自己与家人之间的故事等。一般可采用三段式写作:开篇点题;主体部分具体介绍家人或故事内容;结尾描述家人对自己的影响或故事给自己的启发等。说明文常涉及寻求或提供处理家庭关系的建议、介绍自己家的家务分配、谈谈自己如何感谢家人等。写作时须注意条理清晰。
重点词汇
1.家务活动:take out the rubbish, fold one’s clothes,clean the floor, sweep the floor, do the dishes, do chores/housework, provide sth.for sb
2.情感体验:love/like,hate/dislike,stress/pressure,fair...
3.启示影响:depend on, develop one’s independence, understand each other, get on well with, communicate with, take care of, share the housework...
提分句型
I finally understand that we need to share...
After Bill finished cleaning the kitchen,he checked it off his list of chores.
This is a great learning experience for us.
I like...but I hate...
The earlier kids learn to be independent,the better...
My problem is that I can’t get on with...
Why don’t you...
优秀范文
(2021云南) Doing Housework Makes Me __________
提示：家务是生活中的一部分，我们作为一名家庭成员，应该学会分担家务。请以“Doing Housework Makes Me __________ ”为题，用英语写一篇短文，叙述一次你做家务的经历，并谈谈你的体会。
要求：
1. 请先将题目补全后，再作答；
2. 语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁，词数不少于60个；
3. 文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计；
4. 请将短文写在答题卡上，写在本试题卷上无效。
Doing Housework Makes Me Happy
Doing housework is part of our life. It’s necessary to share housework with other family members. I’d like to tell you about one of my experiences.
Last Mother’s Day I made a special dinner for my mom. It didn’t work as well as I thought. I hurt my fingers while cutting carrots, and I forgot to put salt into the dishes. When my mom came back home, she was happy to taste them. Then she hugged me and said, “Good girl!”
From this experience, I’ve learned doing housework can not only help me grow up but also bring happiness to my family.
针对训练
(2021温州) 在中国传统文化中. “家”是一个永恒的话题。家人相聚一堂，才是完整的家，温暖而有力量。请你结合下图，以“Home”为题，写一篇约110词的英语短文，让外国朋友了解中国文化中的“家”。
小词典
activate v. 激活 approach n. 方法 civilization. 文明 embarrass v. 使…尴尬
former Soviet countries 前苏联国家 pandemic n. 大流行病 run down adj. 衰败的
valentine n. 圣瓦伦廷节的礼物
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
一、重点单词
二、词汇拓展
三、重点短语
四、重点句型
五、熟词生义
六、考点清单
1.BC 2.CA 3.provide;C 4. A;allowed 5.compared...with 6.A;protect 7.instead of; playing
8.lend;B 9.B 10.D 11.BA 12.C; has climbed 13.BB
七、语法复习 BA
八、写作复习
Home
Home means a lot to every Chinese.
When our family members come back home for reunion, we sit around the table, sharing our achievements and happiness. Home becomes the warmest place.
It s a place full of love. Love can be expressed by gift, family dinner and phone call. However, none is better than going back home and spending time with our families.
It's also a place full of strength. Whenever we have difficulties, we can return home. Thanks to the encouragement and help from our families, we can rebuild our belief and confidence to keep moving forward.
So how long have you been away from home Come back. Home is always waiting for you.
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八下 Units 3—4
人教版一轮复习
1.return
n.返回；归还；回报(v.归还；回来；返回)
You must return the book on time. (v.)
He slammed the door(猛力关门) and returned to bed. (v.)
Animals bring a lot of joy to our lives，but they ask for little in return. (n.)
归还
返回
回报
熟词生义
2.while
n.一段时间；一会儿(conj.与……同时；当……时候；而；然而)
The teacher came in while the boy was talking. (conj.)
I like tea while he likes coffee. (conj.)
On her third visit，she stopped and stayed for a while.
(n.)
一段时间
而
3.clear
v.清理；清除(adj.清楚易懂的；明白清楚的；晴朗的)
I felt I could hardly continue the journey unless the mystery was made clear. (adj.)
When the woman finished，he cleared the table. (v.)
The remains of the snow had been cleared from the streets. (v.)
明白清楚的
清理
清除
4.drop
n.滴；水珠(v.落下；掉下；放弃)
Be careful not to drop the plate. (v.)
She said no more，hoping that the subject would be dropped until Jimmy's parents came back. (v.)
He looked satisfied while drops of sweat were running down his face. (n.)
掉下
放弃
水珠
5.waste
n.浪费；垃圾(v.浪费；滥用)
This means that money should not be wasted. (v.)
This may help to solve the problem with the waste caused by plastic bags. (n.)
浪费
垃圾
6.copy
n.抄本，副本；一本（份，册……）(v.抄袭；模仿；复制；复印)
She copies everything her sister does. (v.)
The novel has sold more than 200 million copies. (n.)
模仿
册
7.deal
v.对付；对待；做生意(n.协议；交易；大量)
After a great deal of effort，the girl finally succeeded in moving the stone to the side of the road. (n.)
Our 13 year old minds didn't exactly know how to deal with the bill. (v.)
大量
对付
8.push
n.推；搡(v.鞭策；督促；推动)
My mom has always pushed me towards becoming independent. (v.)
“Just some drunken guy asking for a push，”he answered.
(n.)
It's impolite of Tom to push in before others in public.
(v.)
鞭策
推
推动
9.cause
n.原因；起因(v.造成；引起；促使；使发生)
The project is still causing him a lot of problems. (v.)
Another cause of shyness might be technology. (n.)
造成
原因
1. neither的用法
1).neither作代词时,意为“两者都不”,作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式,常用于“neither of+名词/代词宾格”结构,其中名词之前必须有限定词,如my,the,any,these等。
e.g. Neither of my parents enjoys music.
2).neither作形容词时,意为“( 两者 )都不”,置于可数名词单数之前。
e.g. Neither chair is comfortable.
考点清单
3).neither作副词时,意为“也不”,置于句首,句子用倒装语序。neither也可用nor替换。“neither/nor+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”表示前面所表述的否定情况也适用于后者;“neither/nor+主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词”表示后者赞同前面的否定观点。
e.g. —I couldn’t do anything for her.
—Nor you could,but you might have got somebody to help her.
4).neither作连词时,可构成neither...nor...结构,意为“既不……也不……”,与both...and...意思相反。当neither...nor...连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。
e.g. Neither he nor I am able to understand the meaning of the words.
1.（2021西藏）﹣She's never read the book Journey to the West.
How about you？
﹣ .
A．So am I B．Neither have I
C．So have I D．Neither do I
2.（2021武威） We got so wet. We had ________ umbrellas ________ raincoats with us!
A ． either; or B ． both; and C ． neither; nor D ． not only; but also
练一练
2. while的用法
1.while作名词时,意为“一段时间;一会儿”。
e.g. I haven’t seen him for quite a while.
2.while作连词:
(1)意为“在……期间;当……的时候”时,引导的从句谓语动词只能是延续性的;而when引导的时间状语从句中既可以用延续性动词表示状态或时间段,也可以用非延续性动词表示动作或时间点。当主从句动作同时发生,且从句谓语动词是延续性动词时,while,when,as这三个词可以互换。
e.g. While/When/As I was studying yesterday,it suddenly snowed.
(2)意为“与……同时”,表示两件事情同时发生。as也可表示从句动作和主句动作同时发生,表示一件事情发生时,另一件事也在发生。when表示从句动作和主句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作发生。
e.g. While I was sleeping,he was writing his paper.
(3)意为“而;然而”,表示前后意义上的对比或转折。
e.g. I like English while my brother does not.
(4)意为“虽然;尽管”。
e.g. While he loves his students, he is very strict with them.
(5)意为“只要”,引导条件状语从句。
e.g. While there is water,there is hope of life.
1. （2021贵港） —We can’t get on or off a bus ______ it is moving.
—You’re right.
A. unless B. before C. while D. until
2.（2021呼伦贝尔）Love your parents they are alive. Don't wait until it is too late.
A. while B. after C. until D. unless
练一练
3. provide 的用法
辨析provide,offer和give
(1)provide主要指提供所需之物,尤其是生活必需品。接双宾语时多与介词for或with连用。
e.g. They provide us with food.
(2)offer指提供帮助、服务或令人向往之物,多含有“主动提供”之意。可接不定式作宾语,接双宾语时可与介词to连用。
e.g. He offered some useful advice to us.
(3)give意为“供给;给出”,多指一般性地给出或因别人需要而给。接双宾语时可与介词to连用。
e.g. Can you give a job to me
1. （2021呼和浩特）There are many other ways to p________ kindness for others.
2.（2021邵阳）―Lily, cars are increasing very fast nowadays.
―Actually, lots of convenience (方便) __________ for us.
A. provided B. provided C. is provided
练一练
rovide
4. allow的用法
allow为动词,意为“允许;准许;让”,后面可直接接名词或代词作宾语。常见用法:allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”;allow doing sth.“允许做某事”;be allowed to do sth.“被允许做某事”。
e.g. If you allow me,I will send you back.
His parents allowed him to stay out late.
Smoking is not allowed in the hall.
使役动词let和make也可以表示“让某人做某事”。使役动词后接动词原形作宾语补足语,但是当变为被动语态时需要加上不定式符号to,即be let to do sth.,be made to do sth.。
e.g. She often makes her child do homework all day.
She is made to follow the rules.
1. （2021呼和浩特）—In China，driving after drinking.
—You are right.That's the law.
A．is not allowed；against B．was not allowed；with
C．are not allowed；for D．were not allowed；along
2.（2021兰州）Should teenagers be ______（allow） to choose their own clothes
练一练
allowed
5. compare的用法
compare作动词,意为“比较;对比”,常与with或to连用。compare...with...意为“把……和……相比”;compare...to...意为“把……比作……”。
e.g. My mother always compares me with other kids.
People like to compare teachers to candles.
(2021西藏)Parents shouldn't always _________their children_______（比较） others.
compare with
练一练
短语 用法 位置
so as to 后接动词原形作目的状语 不能放句首
in order to 后接动词原形作目的状语 能放句首
in order that 引导目的状语从句 能放句首
so that (1)引导目的状语从句，从句中常有can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should等情态动词 (2)引导结果状语从句，上述情态动词很少出现，且前常有逗号与主句隔开 不能放句首
6. 辨析so as to, in order to, in order that与so that
1.（2020海南）President Xi encourages all Chinese people to plant
trees_________ our country can be greener and more beautiful.
A. so that B. as long as C. even though
2. （2020新疆）A man from the supermarket told Scott they had
done so in order to __________(protect ) "the family".
protect
练一练
辨析 词性 用法
instead 副词 “代替；反而；却”， 作副词， 修饰整个句子，位于句首或句末
instead of 介词短语 “代替；而不是”， 后面跟名词、代词、名词短语或动名词
e.g. I didn’t have a pen, so I used a pencil instead.
I decided to learn French instead of Japanese.
7. 辨析instead与instead of
1.(2021包头）He decided to walk home __________（代替；而不）taking a taxi.
2. (2021云南）The young should do meaningful things instead of ________ with phones all day. (play)
instead of
playing
练一练
辨析 含义 用法
borrow 借入；借来 borrow sth. from sb. 表示主语向别人借东西
lend 借给；借出 lend sth. to sb.＝lend sb. sth.表示主语把东西借给别人
keep 保存；借 “keep sth. for＋一段时间”表示借多长时间
return 归还 return sth. to sb.表示主语给某人还某物，
相当于give back
8. 辨析borrow, lend, keep与return
1. （2021贵港） I want to look up the word. Could you _____（借给）me a dictionary
2. （2021广元）You've ________the computer for ten years and it doesn't work well.Why don't you buy a new one？
A．bought B．had C．have D．borrowed
练一练
lend
9. 表示时间、距离等词作主语的用法
I think two hours of TV is enough for you！
two hours虽然为复数形式，但表示时间、距离、金额、度量等的词语作主语时，通常被视作一个整体，谓语动词要用单数形式，因此这里用了is。
e.g. Twenty miles is a long way to walk.
Three years is a short time. You have to study hard.
(2020呼和浩特) A survey of the opinions of experts__________ that three hours of outdoor exercise a week __________good for our health.
A. show; are B. shows; is C. show; is D. shows; are
练一练
10. as soon as的用法
(1)as soon as“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，相当于“the minute (that)．..”。若主句用一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时表示将来。
e.g. I'll write to you as soon as I get there.
(2)as soon as还有“尽快”的意思，最常用的搭配是as soon as possible, as soon as you can。
(2021重庆)We were lucky yesterday. The bus left __________we got on it.
A. before B. although C. until D. as soon as
练一练
11. 辨析while与when
(1)while是连词，意为“在……期间；当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。从句谓语动词必须用延续性动词，且常用进行时态。
e.g. While I was doing my homework, my father came back home from work.
(2)when引导时间状语从句，既可以表示“某一段时间”，也可以表示“某一时刻”，从句中谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。
e.g. When I arrived in Beijing, it was raining.
Kate read the book when she went along.
(3)当主句和从句都用进行时态时，连词用while。
e.g. My father is watching TV while I am doing my homework.
1. (2021呼和浩特) —Have you told Dr.Greenall our latest achievement in the vaccine research？
—Not yet.When I _____，he ______a speech，so we had no time for a few words.
A．arrive；will give B．arrived；was giving
C．arrive；is giving D．arrived；has given
2. (2021安顺) While Linda was still sleeping, hex mother_________ breakfast in the kitchen.
A. was making B. is making C. has made
练一练
12. since的用法
since自从
adv.
ever since从那时起
conj.
since+过去时间点
since+时间段+ago
since+一般过去式句子
常用于现在完成时
e.g.
I have stayed in that country since 1995.
They have lived in that house since two years ago.
Lily has stayed at home since she left school.
I have distrusted her ever since she cheated me.
拓展：since作连词，还意为“因为；既然；鉴于”，引导原因状语从句，表示对方已知的事实或理由。
e.g. He didn't come since he was busy.
Since this method doesn't work, let's try another.
1.(2021武汉) — What good books did you read recently
— I __________ Tales of China since last year, and now the third time.
A. read B. am reading C. have read D. will read
2. (2021青岛)It's reported that the temperature _____________ quickly since this morning.
练一练
has climbed
短语 用法 例句
continue 指原来做一件事，现在还在做，或者中断一段时间，然后又继续做下去，后接名词、代词、动词不定式或动词 ing形式作宾语 After a short rest，we continued having a meeting.
go on 与continue相比，更加口语化。后需借助介词再接名词作宾语。go on with sth.意为“继续某事” I hope it won't go on snowing all day.
13. 辨析continue与go on
1. Whatever difficulties I meet, I will ______ working hard to realize
my dream.
A. finish B. continue C. enjoy
2. Although he was very tired, he continued ______ in his office.
A. to work B. working C. work
练一练
1.could引起的一般疑问句表示有礼貌地提出请求。“Could you please do sth. ”意为“请你做某事好吗 ”句中could不表示时态,只表示委婉语气。常见答语:Sure./Certainly./Of course./Sorry,I can’t...。
e.g. —Could you please answer the telephone
—Sure./Sorry,I can’t.I’m too busy now.
2.否定结构为“Could you please not do sth. ”常见答语:Sorry,I won’t do that ( any more/again )...。
e.g. —Could you please not smoke here
—Sorry,I won’t do that again.
could的用法
语法复习
(1)could作can的过去式,表示过去的能力时,答语中仍用could。此外,
could还可表示推测,语气较弱。
e.g. —Could you swim when you were seven years old
—No,I couldn’t.
(2)could 表示请求时,只表示一种委婉语气,答语中不能用could,只能用
can。
e.g. —Could I watch TV now,Mom
—No,you can’t.
1. (2021济南)—My phone doesn't work. ____I use yours
---Sure. Here you are.
A. Must B.Could C.Need D.Would
2. (2020北京)— you give me a hand I can't move the box by
myself
—No problem.
A.Could B. Should C. Must D. Need
练一练
家庭生活
写作指导
家庭是最基本的社会组织之一,家庭生活是中学生生活必不可少的一部分。该话题涉及的写作通常以记叙文和说明文为主。记叙文常涉及介绍自己的家人、自己与家人之间的故事等。一般可采用三段式写作:开篇点题;主体部分具体介绍家人或故事内容;结尾描述家人对自己的影响或故事给自己的启发等。说明文常涉及寻求或提供处理家庭关系的建议、介绍自己家的家务分配、谈谈自己如何感谢家人等。写作时须注意条理清晰。
写作复习
重点词汇
1.家务活动:take out the rubbish, fold one’s clothes,clean the floor,
sweep the floor, do the dishes, do chores/housework,
provide sth.for sb
2.情感体验:love/like,hate/dislike,stress/pressure,fair...
3.启示影响:depend on, develop one’s independence, understand each
other, get on well with, communicate with, take care of,
share the housework...
提分句型
I finally understand that we need to share...
After Bill finished cleaning the kitchen,he checked it off his list of chores.
This is a great learning experience for us.
I like...but I hate...
The earlier kids learn to be independent,the better...
My problem is that I can’t get on with...
Why don’t you...
优秀范文
(2021云南) Doing Housework Makes Me __________
提示：家务是生活中的一部分，我们作为一名家庭成员，应该学会分担家务。请以“Doing Housework Makes Me __________ ”为题，用英语写一篇短文，叙述一次你做家务的经历，并谈谈你的体会。
要求：
1. 请先将题目补全后，再作答；
2. 语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁，词数不少于60个；
3. 文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计；
4. 请将短文写在答题卡上，写在本试题卷上无效。
Doing Housework Makes Me Happy
Doing housework is part of our life. It’s necessary to share housework with other family members. I’d like to tell you about one of my experiences.
Last Mother’s Day I made a special dinner for my mom. It didn’t work as well as I thought. I hurt my fingers while cutting carrots, and I forgot to put salt into the dishes. When my mom came back home, she was happy to taste them. Then she hugged me and said, “Good girl!”
From this experience, I’ve learned doing housework can not only help me grow up but also bring happiness to my family.
Home
Home means a lot to every Chinese.
When our family members come back home for reunion, we sit around the table, sharing our achievements and happiness. Home becomes the warmest place.
It s a place full of love. Love can be expressed by gift, family dinner and phone call. However, none is better than going back home and spending time with our families.
It's also a place full of strength. Whenever we have difficulties, we can return home. Thanks to the encouragement and help from our families, we can rebuild our belief and confidence to keep moving forward.
So how long have you been away from home Come back. Home is always waiting for you.
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
八下 Units 3—4配套作业
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1. What a terrible experience! ， lucky us，we are safe now.
A.Anyway B.Otherwise C.For example D.As a result
2. —Did you get the book from a bookstore or online
— . I borrowed it from the library.
A. Either B.Neither C.Both D.None
3. My parents don’t allow me TV on school nights.
A. to watch B.watch C.watches D.watching
4.— ， there must be life on other planets though none has been discovered.
—I agree with you. The universe is so large after all.
A. To my surprise B.To be honest C.In my opinion D.Again and again
5. stop more accidents， we should slow down the driving speed.
A. In order that B.In order to C.Thanks for D.Thanks to
6. —Which bicycle should I choose， sir
—It what you want to use it for.
A.takes on B.carries on C.puts on D.depends on
7.Jenny is afraid to travel by plane. She always feels when getting on it.
A. nervous B.interested C.relaxed D.happy
8.—I you here， but you didn’t come.
—I’m terribly sorry. I was so busy that I forgot.
A.would expect B.was expecting C.am expecting D.have expected
9.Every evening my father newspapers while my mother watches TV.
A. puts up B.looks for C.gives away D.looks through
10. —Let’s go shopping for some orange juice.
— And we can also buy some coffee for Mum.
A.Excuse me! B.Good idea! C.Never mind. D.I’m sorry.
Ⅱ. 完形填空。
（2021宁夏）I work in a middle school. It is pleasant for me to plant in my free time. At the beginning of the school year, I had an idea—what if my students used a classroom ___1___ to grow vegetables for our school lunches The students could ___2___ learn about planting science.
I asked my headmaster ___3___ I could start a new plant lab garden. I was only in my second year of ___4___, but she agreed.
As soon as my students went into the classroom, they got ___5___. They all wanted to learn how to grow vegetables in this way of indoor gardening called hydroponics(水培). This is great for areas that don’t have ____6____ farmland. It helps people to grow healthy vegetables just about anywhere.
To grow 45 beds of green vegetables, we need many things ___7___ growing cups, LED growing lights, fans, a water pump (水泵) and so on. Although the students failed for the first time, none of them ___8___. They kept on trying until they finally succeeded. It was interesting for them to watch the vegetables grow every day. And they all smiled ___9___ when seeing students in other classes eat the vegetables they grew. My students’ new goal is that our school won’t need to ___10___ green vegetables any more.
1. A. desk B. computer C. garden D. blackboard
2. A. ever B. also C. never D. only
3. A. if B. why C. how D. what
4. A. waiting B. growing C. learning D. teaching
5. A. tired B. excited C. sleepy D. interesting
6. A. much B. many C. few D. little
7. A. into B. with C. like D. for
8. A. gave back B. gave out C. gave away D. gave up
9. A. proudly B. angrily C. loudly D. politely
10. A. sell B. buy C. wash D. cook
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
A（2021湘潭）
Welcome to the Chinese Traditional Artwork Website
Name: paper cutting Color: redPrice: 15 ( 30 for three during the Spring Festival)Delivery time: You can get your goods within 3 days.The most popular pictures are flowers, animals, and things about Chinese history.
Name: Chinese knot Color: red and yellowPrice: 160 ( 300 for two during the Spring Festival)Delivery time: You can get your goods within 5 days.Cur new styles may give you a big surprise.
Name: silk umbrella Color: pink, red, green, yellow and purplePrice: 60Delivery time: You can get your goods within 6 days.Our umbrellas are made of good silk. They are wonderful gifts for women.
1. If you want to buy the artworks online, which one can you get in the shortest time
A. Paper cutting. B. Chinese knot. C. Silk umbrella.
2. How many colors does the silk umbrella have
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5
3. From the website, we can know that ________.
A. Silk umbrella is the cheapest
B. Paper cutting has many different shapes
C. If you want to buy two Chinese knots during the Spring Festival, you need to pay 320 yuan
B(2021陕西）
Look at the Earth from. space. Why does our planet look so blue Its blue because water covers almost three quarters of the Earth's surface. Water is not just an important part of our planet. It is an important part of our body, too. More than half of our total body weight is water.
Our body loses water whenever we exercise or. go to the toilet. That's why we need to drink plenty of water every day. We drink water. We use it to cook, clean, and carry waste out of our homes. Farmers use it to grow vegetables and crops like rice and corn; factories use it to make products.
Since the 1950s, the amount（数量）of water people use has increased by three times. But the water supply（供应）hasn't. Scientists worry that soon there won't be enough water for us, as well as for the animals and plants that share our world. What can we do to help Use water wisely.
Having enough water isn't our only problem. We also need it clean.
Right now, ships and factories are putting wastes into seas, rivers and so on. Even chemicals that farmers use are running into rivers and lakes. All this pollution can make the water dangerous to drink. It can also harm fish and other water-living lives.
We must do something to stop pollution. It's the best way to protect our world's most valuable natural resource（资源）.
4. How many important areas of water are mentioned in Paragraph 1
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
5. The underlined sentence "We also need it clean" in Paragraph 4 means" ___________."
A. We also need water to wash things
B. We also need water that looks clean
C. We also need to keep water clean
D. We also need to discover clean water
6. This passage was written to __________________.
A. ask people to value water
B. advise people to drink more water
C. introduce the uses of water
D. describe the situation of water supply
Ⅳ.单词拼写。
1.Talking with others is the fastest way of (交流).
2.John (解释)the reasons why he didn’t show up at the party just now.
3.Run more (快地)， and you will be the winner.
4.Young children will usually (竞争) for their mother’s attention.
5.Free-time activities， for example going camping， are good for children’s (发展).
Ⅴ.书面表达。
在你校“劳动教育月”期间，校英语报发起了以“A Helper at Home”为主题的征文活动。请结合自身情况，用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你做家务的收获和感悟。
提示：1.经常做的两项家务(如做饭、洗碗、扔垃圾、浇花、照看宠物等)；
2．你的感受。
要求：1.文中不得出现真实的个人信息；
2．词数80左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
I have always been a good helper at home.___________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案
Ⅰ.单项选择
ABACB DABDB
Ⅱ.完形填空
CBADB ACDAB
Ⅲ.阅读理解
ACB BCA
Ⅳ.单词拼写
1.communication 2.explained 3.quickly 4.compete 5.development
V.书面表达
A Helper at Home
I have always been a good helper at home.I always share housework at home.I clean my bedroom on my own and I make the bed every day after I get up.The second thing is looking after the pet dog.Whenever I have time，I take him for a walk outside and wash him from time to time.
By doing housework，I learn to be more independent in my life.Moreover，I understand that it's not an easy task for my parents to do all the chores.I may feel tired sometimes，but I'm happy that I can do something for my parents.
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