译林版（2020）必修第三册：Unit 1 Nature in the balance 单元测试（含答案）

Unit 1 Nature in the balance A卷 基础夯实—2021-2022学年高一英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册单元测试AB卷
满分：120分
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
I was taking in the breathtaking view at the top of Sydney Harbour Bridge when I sensed I was about to witness something even more dramatic right in front of me. Although we were all tied to lines running along the steel girders, a fellow climber called Mike had somehow managed to drop to one knee and turn to face his girlfriend, Wendy. I knew what was coming. "Wendy, will you marry me " he asked. There was a quick smile and an attempted kiss and then a big beam. Mike had the answer he hoped for and all of us burst into a round of applause.
Apparently more than 2, 000 couples have become engaged at the summit since 1998, when it became possible to climb it in organised tour groups. The bridge, perhaps the most recognised symbol of this beautiful city, opened in 1932. It's still the world's largest steel-arch bridge.
We returned to the fantastic view: the famous Sydney Opera House, ferries and sailboats making their way through the harbour, the city skyline—but I had to force myself to look down. We had climbed 1, 423 steps to the top of the bridge and I didn't know whether to be delighted or scared.
Nicole Kidman has done it. So have Bruce Springsteen, Prince Harry and scores of other celebrities. But climbing to the top clearly isn't just for the rich and the famous. On the contrary, Australian youngsters do it to celebrate their 12th birthdays. (You have to be at least 12 years old to do the climb.) A 100-year-old woman climbed it and told guides it was on her list of things to do before death.
You can climb during the day, at twilight, or even after dark with headlamps. People climb in all weathers except when there's lightning in the area. In fact, over two million people have made the three-and-a-half-hour climb to the top of the famous bridge—an adventure that cannot be done anywhere else in the world on a bridge this big. That's probably why this climb has won a lot of tourism awards. Today, the climb is firmly on the "to-do list" for locals as well as tourists.
1.What can we learn about the bridge
A.Getting engaged on the bridge is quite rare. B.People climb the bridge at climbers' age.
C.There are no limitations on climbers' age. D.Many famous people have done the climb.
2.How did the author feel when he climbed to the top of the bridge
A.Bored and tired. B.Fearful and confused.
C.Excited and nervous. D.Relieved and relaxed.
3.What is the author's purpose of writing the passage
A.To introduce the popularity of the bridge. B.To emphasise the importance of the bridge.
C.To explain the functions of the bridge. D.To describe the fantastic view from the bridge.
B
Lucy Hughes, a 24-year-old English inventor, has used skin and scales(鱗) from fish to create a new kind of plastic that will break down in about six weeks. Her invention won the 2019 James Dyson Award.
Ms. Hughes was very aware of how wasteful many products are. Plastic bags, for example, are often used once for a short time and then thrown away. She decided to challenge herself to make something out of waste instead.
Fishing is a big business in England, and the University of Sussex where Ms. Hughes studied isn't far from the coast. She spent some time studying the fishing business and the things that were thrown away. She was amazed by the amount of waste from fish that got thrown away.
After some tests, Ms. Hughes decided that the fish skin and scales seemed like the most likely parts for her product. But she needed something to stick the materials together. Then she found that red algae was the best binder(黏合剂).
Ms. Hughes called her finished product "MarinaTex", which is clear and feels like plastic, but stronger than regular plastic of the same thickness.MarinaTex is also cheap to make since it's made from fish waste. Ms. Hughes says that the waste from a fish could make 1, 400 bags. The process of making MarinaTex also doesn't use much energy. Most importantly, MarinaTex doesn't take hundreds of years to break down.
Ms. Hughes thinks that one of the best uses for MarinaTex will be in some kinds of food packaging where plastic now is being used. Ms. Hughes is looking forward to moving ahead with her idea. She wants to try to make her recipe for making her plastic even better. She hopes the award money will help her with the process of getting MarinaTex into use as quickly as possible.
1.Why did Lucy Hughes invent MarinaTex
A.To turn waste into treasures. B.To win the James Dyson Award.
C.To gain people's wide attention. D.To help the local fishing business.
2.What is MarinaTex's greatest advantage over traditional plastic
A.It is of higher quality. B.It is more convenient to use.
C.Its production costs are fairly low. D.It can break down in a short time.
3.What can we know from the last paragraph
A.MarinaTex has been put into practical use.
B.Lucy Hughes hopes for more funding.
C.Lucy Hughes intends to improve her invention.
D.MarinaTex will replace regular plastic in food packaging.
4.Which can be the best title for the text
A.Red Algae : the Best Binder to Stick Materials
B.Young Inventor Created Plastic from Fish Skin and Scales
C.Fish Waste Affected the Environment Seriously
D.An English Inventor Won the James Dyson Award
C
The worst outbreak of desert locusts (蝗虫) in decades is presently underway in the Horn of Africa. It is the biggest of its kind in 25 years for Ethiopia and Somalia--and the worst Kenya has seen for 70 years. What we are seeing in East Africa today is unlike anything we've seen in a very long time. Its destructive potential is enormous, and it's taking place in a region where farmers need every gram of food to feed themselves and their families. Most of the hardest hit countries are those where millions of people have already been vulnerable (易受伤害的) or in serious humanitarian need, as they endure the impact of violence, drought, and floods.
We have acted quickly to respond to this outbreak. The primary method of battling with locusts is the aerial spraying of pesticides (杀虫剂). FAO's (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) "Locust Watch" service explains that "although giant nets, flame throwers, lasers, and huge vacuums have been proposed in the past, these are not in use for locust control. Birds can eat locusts but it's usually not enough to significantly reduce their population levels over large areas".
The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs has released $10 million from its Central Emergency Response Fund to fund large-scale aerial operations to manage the outbreak.
But the window of containing this crisis is closing fast. We only have to bring this infestation under control before the beginning of March as that is when the planting season begins. If left unchecked--and with expected additional rain--locust population in East Africa could increase 500 times by June.
We must act now to avoid a full-blown catastrophe. And we will. At the same time, we need to pay attention to a bigger picture. This is not the first time the Horn of Africa has seen locust outbreak approach this scale, but the current situation is the worst in decades. This is linked to climate change. Warmer seas mean more tropical storms, generating the perfect breeding conditions for locusts.
1.What is implied in Paragraph 2
A.People in East Africa are suffering drought.
B.People in East Africa are going through floods.
C.The locust outbreak will cause crop failures.
D.The locust outbreak is worsening the locals'life.
2.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.We need a bigger picture to study the disaster.
B.It is the second outbreak of locusts in East Africa.
C.It is the largest outbreak of locusts ever in history.
D.The outbreak of locusts is fueled by global warming.
3.What is the purpose of the text
A.To analyze and compare. B.To inform and call for.
C.To argue and discuss. D.To introduce and assess.
4.Where does the text probably come from
A.A guidebook. B.A health magazine. C.A news report. D.A chemistry paper.
D
Scientists say they have developed a system that uses machine learning to predict when and where lightning will strike. Researchers report the system is able to predict lightning strikes up to 30 minutes before they happen within a 30-kilometre radius.
Lightning is a strong burst of electricity in the atmosphere. Since it carries extremely powerful electric charge, it can be destructive and deadly. European researchers have estimated that between 6, 000 and 24, 000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason, climate scientists have long sought to develop methods of predicting lightning.
The system tested in the experiments used a combination of data from weather stations and machine learning methods. The researchers developed a prediction model that was trained to recognise weather conditions that were likely to cause lightning.
The model was created with the data collected over a 12-year period from 12 Swiss weather stations in cities and mountain areas. The data, related to four main surface conditions : air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed, was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm (算法) , which compared it to the records of lightning strikes. Researchers say the algorithm was then able to learn the conditions under which lightning would happen.
The researchers tested the system several times. They found that the system made predictions that proved correct almost 80 percent of the time. "It can now be used anywhere," the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology said in a statement.
The researchers plan to keep developing the technology in partnership with a European effort that aims to create a lightning protection programme. The effort is called the European Laser Lightning Rod project. Scientists working on the project are experimenting with the laser technology that could someday control lightning activity, transferring lightning charge from clouds to the ground. They hope that such technology can one day be used as protection against lightning strikes. Possible uses could be at stations, airports or places where crowds of people gather.
1.Why was the system developed
A.To show the power of lightning.
B.To meet kids' curiosity about lightning.
C.To protect people from lightning.
D.To keep track of deaths caused by lightning strikes.
2.What is special about the system
A.It adopted a different machine learning algorithm.
B.It used an effective method of collecting data.
C.It was based on a number of samples worldwide.
D.It required the low cost of predicting lightning.
3.What will the researchers do next with the laser technology
A.Generate electricity with lightning. B.Transfer energy from lightning.
C.Monitor lightning activity. D.Prevent the occurrence of lightning.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.A Theory of Employing Lightning B.A Model of Creating Lightning
C.A System of Controlling Lightning D.A Method of Forecasting Lightning
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We know that there is nothing worse than finding yourself caught in a strange place, disconnected from your loved ones. Here are a variety of travel tips that will help make your journey a safe and enjoyable one.
Plan ahead. There is no way to fully plan for the unexpected, but you can be prepared for it. ①_________ If traveling by public transportation, make sure you know the route and the stops. Have a well-charged cellphone with you, or take a mobile power pack. You can often save time and money by planning ahead.
Inform family/friends of your travel plans. Make sure you have someone you can contact in case of emergency. If someone is meeting you at your destination, make sure they know exactly when your flight/bus/train arrives.
②_________ Do you routinely take medicine Are you traveling with a baby who needs milk powder These are examples of things to carry with you at all times. If travel is delayed, it doesn't help you if these items are part of your checked baggage.
Take identification. It is important to have photo identification with you when you travel. Identification is required when you are purchasing bus and train tickets. ③_________
Check on prohibited items in advance. Visit the Transportation Security Administration's website to check on what items are prohibited. ④_________ Better to leave it at home, since you will have to surrender (交出) the item in order to get through the airport security check.
Protect your money. Instead of carrying a lot of cash with you, use your card to pay. ⑤_________ Take some cash just in case, but don't put all your cash in one place. Put some money in different pockets and bags. In case your wallet gets lost or stolen, you can have cash in other places.
A. Don't forget to take medicine.
B. Be aware of your own special needs.
C. This makes payment easier and safer to manage.
D. In case you want to tour around and look for places, a map app is a must.
E. If traveling by car, have a map with you and know your route in advance.
F. Also, it must be presented at airline counters and airport security checkpoints.
G. Remember the Swiss army knife your grandfather gave you when you were ten years old
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Have you seen people who take pictures of food for more than 10 minutes before eating My friend Stella is such an example. Every time we went to a restaurant, she would not take a bite until all the dishes we 1 were on the table. Then she would spend five minutes in 2 the dishes in a seemingly random but in fact 3 order. Then came the most important part: taking pictures. After that, she would choose one of the 4 and click in the filter(滤镜) app. The food eventually looked 10 times more delicious than it really was, but we had no 5 to really enjoy it—it all went cold. Actually Stella's real life is much less elegant. For example, she hates to wash the dishes, so she leaves them in the sink for days. Many people care too much about others' opinions and try too hard to 6 others. They find it hard to be 7 and to accept themselves, and thus they are afraid to show their 8 life on social media. What they are trying to prove is 9 what they lack in reality. But this will not bring any 10 to reality, as they still 11 the same old pattern of life.
If they really want an elegant life, they should put more 12 into achieving it 13 fabricating(捏造) it. Being more confident, 14 themselves and trying their best to be better are much more meaningful than 15 their life on social media.
1.A.ordered B.served C.offered D.prepared
2.A.cooking B.washing C.setting D.collecting
3.A.messy B.arranged C.casual D.missed
4.A.dishes B.restaurants C.tables D.pictures
5.A.chance B.choice C.excuse D.reason
6.A.comfort B.please C.inspire D.discourage
7.A.independent B.generous C.responsible D.confident
8.A.real B.secret C.peaceful D.healthy
9.A.rarely B.hardly C.exactly D.nearly
10.A.difficulty B.change C.guidance D.harm
11.A.question B.dislike C.doubt D.follow
12.A.effort B.ambitions C.feelings D.money
13.A.other than B.more than C.rather than D.less than
14.A.identifying B.accepting C.persuading D.amusing
15.A.simplifying B.mining C.beautifying D.worsening
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Clowns (小丑) are almost everywhere in popular culture. But what they represent ①_______( change) a lot over the past 400 years.
Clowns began appearing in ②_______ form we recognise today in European theatres in the 17th century. With brightly coloured clothes, big red noses and colourful faces, clowns tried every means to act foolishly or play tricks ③_______(make) the audience laugh.
Clowns became popular in the US in the 1960s. A happy clown ④_______( choose) by McDonald's to appear in its advertisements. Today, as we know, that company mascot (吉祥物), Ronald McDonald, is world-famous.
However, this image of a happy clown is largely an American creation. In other cultures, the clown character is not ⑤_______(necessary) good. One example is "Mr Punch", who was popular in British and French theatres during the 1700s. While Mr Punch was funny, he was also violent, often ⑥_______(hit) his wife during the show, which gave rise ⑦_______ the name of "bad clowns". Even today, in the eyes of some people, clowns are evil (邪恶的) and ⑧_______(frighten).
Of course, there are different voices. Some people think clowns are positive, creative and imaginative. They bring people ⑨_______(please) and laughter. That's ⑩_______ attracts people, especially children, to clowns. They believe that as long as there are children in the world, there will be a future for clowns.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华,你将代表学校参加国际高中生环境保护论坛。请你根据以下要点写一篇发言稿:
1.环境保护的紧迫性;
2.如何开展环境保护; '
3.呼吁大家积极参与。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:国际高中生环境保护论坛 the International Senior High Students' Environment Protection Forum
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
"It's not looking too good, darling. I think you'd better pack a few things and go to your mother's place. And you'd better take Rosie and Monty with you."
Putting down the phone, Sara sighed. Tomorrow would be her husband Tony's birthday. She had planned to cook him a nice meal and then surprise him with the new mountain bike she'd bought for him. If she went to her mother's house, Tony wouldn't get his present for days.
However, her mother's house was the best place to be right now. Being on higher land, it would be safe from the floods. It had been raining heavily for almost two weeks and the river near Sara and Tony's house was rising higher and higher all the time. Tony and others from the village had spent the last two days putting sandbags along the side of the river to stop it from overflowing. Now they feared that their hard work had been useless and soon the whole valley would be flooded. Sara dressed baby James in warm clothes and collected the things she would need for him over the next few days. She put the lead on the dog and went in search of Monty, the cat. It took her a long time, but eventually she found him safe and warm under the covers on her bed. She placed him in his cat basket and took him into the kitchen where James and the dog, Rosie, were waiting.
Just as she was reaching for the car keys, Sara heard a sound like the noise bath water made when you pulled out the plug. She looked at the backdoor, water was flowing underneath. Turning around, she saw dirty brown water fountaining out of the drain and filling the sink. Realizing that they were trapped by the flood and it became impossible for her to drive out, quickly she put James into her backpack and pulled onto her back. Calling to Rosie, she picked up the cat basket and ran to the front of the house and out into the front garden, where the car was parked.
Paragraph 1:
The water was already up to her knees, and Rosie was swimming beside her. _____________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Sara, together with James, Rosie and Monty, was hungry and frightened on the roof of the house when a boat appeared in the distance. ____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.DCA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的前两句话 Nicole Kidman has done it. So have Bruce Springsteen, Prince Harry and scores of other celebrities.可知,许多名人都攀登过这座大桥。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话 We had climbed 1, 423 steps to the top of the bridge and I didn't know whether to be delighted or scared. 可知,作者的心情是既兴奋又紧张的。故选C项。
3.推理判断题。根据全文内容可知,作者的写作目的是向我们介绍美丽的悉尼港湾大桥以及它的受欢迎程度。故选A项。
B
答案：1-4.ADCB
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据第二段内容,尤其是最后一句可知,Lucy Hughes想将垃圾变废为宝,才有了后来的发明。故选A项。
2.考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段的最后一句"Most importantly, MarinaTex doesn't take hundreds of years to break down"可知,MarinaTex相较于传统塑料最大的优点是分解不用花太长时间。故选D项。
3.考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"She wants to try to make her recipe for making her plastic even better. She hopes the award money will help her with the process of getting MarinaTex into use as quickly as possible"可知,Lucy Hughes想努力改进目前的方法,并希望得到的奖金可以使MarinaTex尽快地投入使用。由此可推知,Lucy Hughes打算改进她的发明。故选C项。
4.考查主旨大意。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了24岁的英国发明家Lucy Hughes用鱼皮和鱼鳞制造了一种新型塑料,故B项正确。
C
答案：1-4.DDBC
解析：1.推理判断题。由第二段中的 Its destructive potential is enormous, and it's taking place in a region where farmers need every gram of food to feed themselves and their families. 可知,蝗灾的破坏潜力是巨大的,而且它发生在一个农民们需要每一克食物来养活自己和家人的地区。原本这些地方的人就是依赖土地种植庄稼来养活自己和家人,现在蝗灾爆发,只会让当地人的生活更加艰难。故选D项。
2.推理判断题。由最后一段的最后两句可知,蝗灾爆发与气候变化有关。气候变化导致海洋变暖,带来更多的热带风暴,为蝗虫创造了完美的繁殖条件。由此可知,全球变暖对蝗灾的爆发起到了推动作用。故选D项。
3.推理判断题。结合全文内容可知,本文主要介绍了非洲东部蝗灾的爆发。由最后一段中的 We must act now to avoid a full-blown catastrophe. 可知,作者呼吁人们现在行动起来,避免一场全面爆发的灾难。所以这篇文章的目的是告知和呼吁大家采取行动来应对蝗灾。故选B项。
4.推理判断题。本篇文章介绍了非洲东部爆发的蝗虫灾害给当地人的生活带来严重影响,因此作者呼吁大家采取行动。由此可推断,本文可能出自新闻报道,故选C项。
D
答案：1-4.CABD
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段中的 European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason, climate scientists have long sought to develop methods of predicting lightning. 可知,每年有许多人被闪电击中身亡,因此科学家们长期以来都在寻找预测闪电的方法,由此可知该系统的发明是为了保护人们,使人们避开闪电带来的危险。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第四段中的 The data....was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm 可知,该系统使用了一个独一无二的机器学习算法,这是它的独特之处。故选A项。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句 Scientists working on the project are experimenting with the laser technology that could someday control lightning activity, transferring lightning charge from clouds to the ground. 可知,科学家们想利用激光技术将闪电中的电荷直接从云层传输到地面,故选B项。
4.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一种可以预测闪电的系统,它可以用来保护人们免受闪电的伤害,故选D项。
第二节
答案：EBFGC
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了各种各样的旅行小贴士,可以让你的旅行更安全、更愉快。
①根据上一句There is no way to fully plan for the unexpected, but you can be prepared for it.可知,没有办法为意外做好充分的计划,但是你可以做好准备。结合下一句If traveling by public transportation, make sure you know the route and the stops.可知,如果乘坐公共交通工具,一定要知道路线和站点。所以E项“如果开车旅行,随身带上地图,提前了解路线。” 符合语境,承上启下,且E项中"know your route in advance"与本段主旨句"Plan ahead."相呼应。故选E。
②根据下文Do you routinely take medicine Are you traveling with a baby who needs milk powder These are examples of things to carry with you at all times.可知,B项“了解自己的特殊需要。”符合语境,引起下文。B项中"your own special needs"与下文中"take medicine"和"needs milk powder"相呼应。故选B。
③根据上一句Identification is required when you are purchasing bus and train tickets.可知,购买公共汽车和火车票时需要出示身份证件。F项“此外,在航空公司柜台和机场安检处也必须出示它。”符合语境,承接上文。F项中的Also将上下文连在一起。故选F。
④根据下一句 Better to leave it at home, since you will have to surrender(交出) the item in order to get through the airport security check.可知,最好把它留在家里,因为为了通过机场安检,你必须交出物品。G项“还记得十岁时你祖父给你的那把瑞士军刀吗 ”符合语境,引起下文。下文中的it指代的就是G项中的 the Swiss army knife。故选G。
⑤根据上一句 Instead of carrying a lot of cash with you, use your card to pay.可知,与其随身携带大量现金,不如用卡支付。C项“这使得支付更容易,操作起来更安全。”符合语境,承接上文,C项中的This指代上文中的 use your card to pay。故选C。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 ACBDA 6-10 BDACB 11-15 DACBC
解析：1.句意为: 每次我们去饭馆(吃饭), 直到我们点的菜都上桌了她才会开始吃。根据句意可知, 此处是指作者与友人点的菜被端上桌, 故选A项。
2.句意为: 然后她会花五分钟以一种看起来随意实际是布置好的顺序来摆菜品。根据下文的Then came the most important part: taking pictures.可推测, 她要把菜品摆好来拍照, 故选C项。
3.messy意为"杂乱的"; arranged意为"布置好的"; casual意为"随意的"。根据语境和空前的but可知, 此处应选择一个和random意思相反的词, 故选B项。
4.句意为: 之后, 她会选择其中一张照片, 然后点进滤镜应用程序(操作起来)。根据上文的taking pictures可知, 此处指"照片", pictures是原词复现, 故选D项。
5.句意为: 最后, 食物看起来比事实上的要美味9倍, 但是我们却没有真正享用的机会—食物都凉了。结合上下文可知, 此处是指因为有人拍照, 所以食物变凉, 使大家错过了真正享受美食的机会, 故选A项。
6.句意为: 很多人过于在乎别人的观点, 并且太用力去取悦别人。comfort意为"安慰"; please意为"使高兴"; inspire意为"激励"; discourage意为"使泄气"。根据上文的Many people care too much about others' opinions可知, 此处指"取悦别人", 故选B项。
7.句意为: 他们认为自信和接受自己很难, 因此他们害怕把自己真实的生活展现在社交媒体上。independent意为"独立的"; generous意为"慷慨的"; responsible意为"负责的"; confident意为"自信的"。根据下文thus they are afraid to show their _____ life on social media可知, 他们觉得接受自己很困难, 由此推测他们不自信, 故选D项。
8.根据下文的what they lack in reality可知, 此处指"他们真实的生活", real life和reality相呼应, 故选A项。
9.句意为: 他们努力想要证明的, 恰好是他们在现实生活中缺乏的东西。rarely意为"很少"; hardly意为"几乎不"; exactly意为"恰好"; nearly意为"几乎"。根据下文what they lack in reality可知, 此处是指人们在社交媒体上展示的东西, 恰好是自己现实生活中所缺乏的东西, 故选C项。
10.句意为: 但这不会给现实生活带来任何改变, 因为他们依然遵循同一种旧的生活模式。根据下文的批they still _____ the same old pattern of life可知, 他们的现实生活并没有改变, 故选B项。
11.根据still和the same可推断, 此处是指他们依然按原来的方式生活, 用"遵循"符合语境, 故选D项。
12.句意为: 如果他们真的想要优雅的生活, 他们应该付出更多的努力来实现它而不是捏造它。effort意为"努力"; ambition意为"追求"; feeling意为"感情"; money意为"金钱"。根据常识可知, 想要美好的生活, 就必须付出努力, 故选A项。
13.other than意为"除了"; more than意为"极其"; rather than意为"而不是"; less than意为"少于"。根据语境可知, 上下文是对比关系, 故选C项。
14.句意为: 更自信、接受自己并尽最大努力变得更好, 比在社交媒体上美化自己的生活有意义得多。identify意为"识别"; accept意为"接受"; persuade意为"说服"; amuse意为"使髙兴"。根据上文的They find it hard to be _____ and to accept themselves可知, 此处指"接受", 故选B项。
15.simplify意为"简化"; ruin意为"毁掉"; beautify意为"美化"; worsen意为"(使)恶化"。根据第一段中的After that, she would choose one of the _____ and click in the filter app.可知, 此处指在社交媒体上美化自己的生活, 故选C项。
第二节
答案：has changed; the; to make; was chosen; necessarily; hitting; to; frightening; pleasure; what
解析：①分析句子结构可知,what they represent 为句子的主语,该空需要填谓语动词。根据“主谓一致”原则,从句作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。"over the past + —段时间"是现在完成时的标志性时间状语,且change和主语之间为主动关系。故填has changed。
②此处form表示“形式”,为名词,后被定语从句修饰,故此处表示特指。故填the。
③句意为:小丑们穿着色彩鲜艳的衣服,有着大红鼻子和五颜六色的脸,想尽一切办法做傻事或进行恶作剧来逗乐观众。tried为本句的谓语动词,动词make与其之间无连词连接,应用非谓语动词形式,根据语境可知,“逗观众笑”是“想尽一切办法做傻事或进行恶作剧”的目的,应用不定式作目的状语。故填to make。
④分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中作谓语。又因为choose和主语之间是被动关系,且根据语境和前一句中的时间状语in the 1960s 可知,此处需要用一般过去时的被动语态。 故填was chosen。
⑤此处修饰形容词good,应用副词。故填necessarily。
⑥was为本句的谓语动词,动词hit与其之间无连词连接,应用非谓语动词作状语,动词hit与其逻辑主语he之间为主动关系,应用现在分词形式,故填hitting。
⑦give rise to为固定搭配,意为“引起;导致”,故填to。
⑧此处与evil并列作表语,应用形容词。frighten的形容词有两个: frightened (感到害怕的)和frightening (令人害怕的),由evil可知,此处表示“令人害怕的”,故填frightening。
⑨分析句子结构可知,and连接设空处和后面的laughter,而laughter是名词。根据and连接并列结构可知,设空处也应填名词。故填pleasing
⑩由That's可知,该空后为表语从句。从句缺主语,应填连接代词what,表示“吸引人们的地方”,故填what。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案： Good morning, everyone. I'm Li Hua, and very glad to attend the International Senior High Students' Environment Protection Forum to share my opinion on behalf of our school.
Nowadays, all kinds of pollution can be seen everywhere, which are threatening our health. Some strange diseases appear and are hard to cure. Even worse, some rare animals and plants are on the verge of extinction due to severe destruction of the environment.
So it's time for us to take action! Many ways are available for us to adopt, such as saving every drop of water, taking a bus or other means of public transport instead of driving private cars, recycling plastic bags, refusing to use disposable chopsticks and so on. Do your part and it can make a big difference.
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
The water was already up to her knees, and Rosie was swimming beside her. Knowing the water would soon be much deeper, Sara ran to the car and opened the doors. She threw the cat basket onto the roof of the car and pushed Rosie up beside it. Using the car seat as a step she climbed first onto the front of the car and then onto the roof of the house. James, safely attached to her, made no sound at all. Sara stared down at the water which was rushing past the car. It was already half way up the doors, and still rising.
Paragraph 2:
Sara, together with James, Rosie and Monty, was hungry and frightened on the roof of the house when a boat appeared in the distance. She was extremely happy and shouted at the boat, "Here! Here!" But the boat seemed not to head for their direction. Worried and anxious, she shouted at the boat again, "Help! Help! Here we are!" Luckily, the people on the boat replied to her. They were rescued and the warm-hearted people took them to Sara's mother's place. Sara showed her sincere gratitude to the people who helped them.