人教版（2019） 选择性必修 第二册 Unit 1 Science and Scientists 提升训练（含答案）
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UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
单元检测卷
(满分:120 分;时间:100 分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2021辽宁联合校高二上月考,易)
Drone X Pro is a shining star on the drone(无人机) market. Here's why it's gone viral.
How does Drone X Pro work
Start by installing the Drone app to your smartphone(Android or iOS). It takes just minutes. After that, just place the battery in your drone and launch the app. You're now ready to fly your Drone X Pro!
Why is this drone so special
The drone is about the size of a large screen smartphone. It's so small that it fits into any pocket or handbag!
Here's the best part: flying is extremely easy. There's no experience required to fly this drone. You can easily control and fly this drone, even if you've never flown a drone in your life. Flying the drone is smooth and natural as riding a bike. Our friend's son came over to the office, and he figured out how to fly the drone in just minutes. You can't imagine how stable and smooth his controls are!
Once you own this drone, you can enjoy amazing HD pictures of nature, friends, and families. It's a blast!
How much does it cost
Now, Drone X Pro sells for $150 each online and two at a discount of 80%. It's a great deal! If you're not satisfied, return it and you can get your money back.
Because of the easy use, portability, low price, and small size, it's absolutely worth it! Just imagine amazing pictures and videos you'll be taking with your new Drone X Pro. If you've never flown a drone before, this is the time to start!
Call now!400-800-7832 or order yours from the official website www..
1.What makes Drone X Pro different from the other drones
A.It isn't hard to control.
B.It is of high quality.
C.It needs no power to drive.
D.It is unnecessary to install.
2.How does the ad prove flying Drone X Pro easy
A.By giving a specific example.
B.By sharing some experience.
C.By stating its operating steps.
D.By telling an unforgettable story.
3.How much should you pay to purchase two such drones online
A.$120. B.$150. C.$240. D.$300.
B
(2021山东泰安宁阳一中高二上质检,中)
Dr Dian Fossey, one of the world's leading women scientists, had a remarkable career. The work—she devoted her life to protecting and studying the mountain gorillas (大猩猩) of Africa—has proved highly effective and has resulted in the steady increase of the most endangered great apes.
Fossey made her first trip to Africa in 1963. Three years later, she returned to Africa to begin a long-time study of the mountain gorillas. She set up camp in the Democratic Republic of Congo but moved to Rwanda because of political reasons in 1967. She established her “Karisoke” Research Centre camp on September 24,1967.
Fossey's aims were to study the ecology and social organization of the gorilla. She found that in order to achieve this, she needed to recognize individual gorillas, which required that the gorillas get used to her presence(出现). By copying gorillas' behaviour and sounds, Fossey began to gain their trust, and in 1970 an adult male gorilla she had named “Peanuts” reached out to touch her hand.
Close observations over thousands of hours enabled Fossey to gain the gorillas' trust and bring forth new knowledge about their behaviour. Stories and photographs of her work were published in National Geographic Magazine and elsewhere.
In 1977, one of Fossey's favorite gorillas, Digit, was killed by poachers and she established the Digit Fund to help raise money for gorilla-protection efforts in the same year.
On December 26,1985, Fossey was murdered while going back to her house in Karisoke. Her body was discovered near the research centre. Most probably, Dian Fossey had been killed by the poachers she'd fought against. On her tombstone(墓碑), “No one loved gorillas more...”
In 1988, the life and the work of Fossey were made into a movie based on her book.
4.Why does the author say Dr Dian Fossey “had a remarkable career”
A.Because she travelled all over the world.
B.Because she liked to play with gorillas.
C.Because she studied gorilla ecology.
D.Because she made great apes increase steadily.
5.Which of the following shows the right time order of the events in Fossey's life
a.She established the Digit Fund.
b.Her story was shown in a movie.
c.She was killed probably by the poachers.
d.She established her “Karisoke” Research Centre.
A.a, d, c, b B.a, c, d, b
C.d, c, b, a D.d, a, c, b
6.The underlined word “poachers” in Paragraph 5 probably refers to people who .
A.sell drugs against the law
B.hunt animals against the law
C.hate successful people
D.like to do harm to people
7.From the words on Fossey's tombstone, we can infer that .
A.Fossey was the person who loved gorillas most
B.after Fossey died,no one loves gorillas
C.Fossey was the first one to study gorillas
D.everybody loves gorillas as Fossey did
C
(2021山东邹城高二上期中,中)
British chemist David Evans has become an overnight celebrity on Chinese social media. His chemistry experiments have attracted over 2 million followers in just a few months. Evans is a chemistry professor at the Beijing University of Chemical Technology. The 60-year-old always wears a white lab coat, a pair of safety goggles (护目镜), and smiles often. Some web users say he looks just like the “grandpa of KFC”.
Evans has posted videos of various experiments. His most popular experiments have attracted millions of hits on video-sharing apps. Excited children's cheers and shouts can be heard in his videos. “I hope my experiments can arouse people's interest in science,” he says.
Evans has been interested in China since childhood. In the early 1970s, before the reform and opening-up, he viewed it as a country full of mysteries. He first visited the Chinese mainland in 1987 to attend a chemistry conference in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. He quit his job in the United Kingdom and moved to Beijing in 1996. Many of his friends thought he was crazy. But Evans said they just saw China's challenges but not its potential.
Since 2011, Evans has turned to the Internet to popularize science. He learned short-video apps are also popular in small cities and rural areas. And he realized this could enable him to reach more students, who lack opportunities to perform fun experiments. But even a one-minute video requires a considerable amount of work. Still, he thinks it's worth it to fulfill his responsibility to popularize science.
His experiments always fill school lecture halls with laughter. Some viewers call him “a Harry Potter”—like a magician, but he disagrees, “A magician never tells the secrets behind his tricks, but a scientist always gives an explanation.” He sees himself as a teacher. He performs experiments to spread knowledge, inspire thinking, remove misunderstandings and show that science can create change. Evans says he looks forward to more “chemical reactions” with China.
8.Who is David Evans according to the passage
A.A film celebrity.
B.A chemistry teacher.
C.A manager of KFC.
D.A British magician.
9.Why did Evans begin to post videos of experiments on the Internet
A.To popularize science.
B.To rise to fame.
C.To apply short-video apps.
D.To make a fortune.
10.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Paragraph 3
A.Evans considered the UK to be a country full of mysteries.
B.Evans first visited Chinese mainland in the 1970s.
C.Evans went to China for a chemistry meeting in 1987.
D.Evans moved to Beijing with the support of his friends.
11.What can we infer from the passage
A.Evans knows exactly how a magic works.
B.Evans is a serious scientist and barely smiles.
C.Evans will continue to post videos of experiments in China.
D.Evans' students like to interrupt his experiments with laughter.
D
(2021河南豫南九校高二上第三次联考,中)
A smart toilet could offer a mini health check every time you take a seat, scientists said recently, but privacy campaigners and potential users said the idea sat uncomfortably with them.
The device would identify users through an anal scan using a camera fitted under the seat before checking their waste for disease markers, including early signs of cancer, said the US-led team who developed the prototype.
“We know it seems strange, but as it turns out, your anal print is unique,” said Sanjiv Gambhir, a radiology professor at Stanford University, who led work on the project. “The smart toilet is the perfect way to make use of a source of data that's typically ignored,” said Gambhir. “Everyone uses the bathroom—there's really no avoiding it—and that enhances its value as a disease-detecting device.”
A set of devices fitted inside the toilet bowl identifies the users and monitors their waste for signs of ill health which could be shared with their doctors, researchers said in the scientific journal Nature Biomedical Engineering. Such devices could become common place in homes, said Gambhir, as consumers accept health monitoring tools like smartwatches and internet-connected home devices. But many were concerned about releasing their privacy, the researchers found following a 300-person survey to assess acceptance. Three in ten respondents said they would not want to use a smart toilet, with only about half reporting they would be “somewhat” or “very” comfortable with it. The most commonly reported concerns were over privacy and data security, found by researchers, who said information gathered would be stored in a secure, cloud-based system.
Despite those assurances, privacy campaigners expressed fears about security problems. “Health data contains the most sensitive and revealing information about anyone,” said Edin Omanovic, advocacy director at London-based charity Privacy International. “Linking it to someone's biometric ID risks exposing private details to third parties, either through data sharing or security drawbacks which leave back doors exposed.”
12.What does this smart toilet use to detect disease
A.A smartwatch.
B.A seat.
C.A cloud-based system.
D.A camera.
13.What can we know about the disease-detecting devices
A.They are widely accepted.
B.Gambhir has confidence in their future.
C.Their function has been improved recently.
D.Signs of illness can be removed through them.
14.What can we infer about health data from the last paragraph
A.It should be taken seriously.
B.It will be treated properly.
C.It may not be shared publicly.
D.It can be exposed illegally.
15.Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A.The use of a smart toilet
B.The value of a smart toilet
C.A smart toilet without privacy
D.A smart toilet with good intention
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021山西长治第二中学高二上期中,中)
A new app helps blind people know the world around them
One of the best uses of technology is to make life easier. 16 The product, an app called Seeing AI, is currently available for free for Apple's iPhone and iPad. “AI” is short for artificial intelligence, a term for computers with an ability to think and learn like human beings. 17 The app then announces what the camera sees, so users will know what is in front of them.
People can also use Seeing AI to learn words in English. With the app, you can point your iPhone or iPad at any object and Seeing AI will say what the object is. With Seeing AI, users can hear a description of not just objects, but other people. 18
People can use the app when going shopping. It can read products' bar codes (条形码) so users will know whether a can is filled with fruit or dog food. Microsoft says Seeing AI will soon be able to identify banknotes, so people will know whether they are holding a bill that is worth $100 or $1. 19 The app can identify what is in the image, as if it were right in front of you. People can even use the app to read signs and get directions, although Microsoft warns against using it for navigation (导航) purposes.
20 For example, that someone is smiling does not necessarily mean he or she is happy. The app recognizes text, but not handwriting yet. That feature may be available in the future.
The app is currently available in Canada, Hong Kong, India, New Zealand, Singapore and the United States.
A.Seeing AI can also identify images.
B.It can even tell you about their emotions.
C.The app can identify more than one person in a photograph.
D.Seeing AI is a new app and will not be 100% correct all the time.
E.Seeing AI uses both a camera and artificial intelligence to identify places, objects and people.
F.With this intelligent app, just hold up your phone and hear information about the world around you.
G.A new product from Microsoft Corporation can just do that for people who have trouble seeing.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021山东济南一中高二上期中,中)
It was a busy morning, about 8:30, when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital. I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for an appointment at 9:30.
The nurse had him take a seat in the waiting area, 21 him it would be at least 40 minutes 22 someone would be able to see him. I saw him 23 his watch and decided that, since I was not busy—my patient didn't 24 at the appointed hour, I would examine his wound. While taking care of his wound, I asked him if he had another doctor's appointment.
The gentleman said no and told me that he 25 to go to the nursing home to eat breakfast with his 26 . He told me that she had been there for a while and that she had a special disease. I asked if she would be 27 if he was a bit late. He replied that she 28 knew who he was, and that she had not been able to 29 him for five years. I was 30 , and asked him, “And you still go every morning, even though she doesn't know who you are ”
He smiled and said, “She doesn't know me, but I know who she is.” I had to hold back 31 as he left.
Now I 32 that in marriages, true love is 33 of all that. The happiest people don't 34 have the best of everything; they just 35 the best of everything they have. Life isn't about how to live through the storm, but how to dance in the rain.
21.A.telling B.promising
C.persuading D.understanding
22.A.if B.since C.before D.after
23.A.taking off B.winding
C.fixing D.looking at
24.A.show off B.turn up C.come on D.go away
25.A.agreed B.forgot C.needed D.happened
26.A.daughter B.mother C.wife D.sister
27.A.lonely B.hungry C.doubtful D.worried
28.A.so far B.already C.neither D.no longer
29.A.believe B.answer C.recognize D.expect
30.A.moved B.surprised
C.disappointed D.satisfied
31.A.tears B.curiosity C.words D.judgment
32.A.suggest B.realize C.hope D.prove
33.A.acceptance B.agreement
C.expression D.exhibition
34.A.completely B.necessarily
C.naturally D.frequently
35.A.learn B.try C.favor D.make
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021湖北部分重点中学高二上月考,难)
Douyin, the Chinese-market version of ByteDance Ltd.'s video-sharing app TikTok, had more than 600 million daily active users in August, 36 (rise) from 400 million at the start of the year.
The service 37 (produce) 41.7 billion yuan($6.1 billion) in revenue for more than 22 million creators over the past year. The 38 (grow) of Douyin's audience and the efforts will improve and diversify income streams for creators.
ByteDance has seen its international hit TikTok banned in India, 39 makes Douyin, already an important growth driver, even more critical to the parent company's fortunes. ByteDance 40 (previous) disclosed that its global products of apps have 1.5 billion monthly active users.
41 (start) in 2016, Douyin has overtaken older rivals like Tencent Holdings Ltd.-backed Kuaishou to become China's 42 (big) short-video-sharing platform, with the backing of ByteDance's powerful algorithms(计算程序). While advertising remains a major revenue stream for Douyin as well as ByteDance as a whole, Douyin has in recent years introduced new features including live streams and e-commerce that allow 43 (user) to spend more time and money within the app.
Reputable Douyin creators are able to set up their own in-app stores—featured prominently on their profile pages and linked to during their online sessions—that sell everything 44 lipsticks to smartphones. This transformation also offers 45 potential road map for TikTok.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2021山东临沂高二上期中,难)
China Daily发起了一场“电动车要不要在城市中推广使用”的讨论。假如你叫李华,请你向该报投稿,阐述你的观点。
注意:词数80左右。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2021河北张家口高二上期中,难)
At noon that day, I drove back to my house after the performance. Just as I entered the living room, I heard a gentle sound coming from the bedroom upstairs—it was the sound of my favorite violin.
“Thief!”
I dashed upstairs. Sure enough, as expected, a boy of about 12 years old was petting my violin. The boy had messy hair and a thin face, and his oversized coat seemingly filled with something. At first glance, I found a new pair of shoes missing. It seemed that he was surely a thief.
Then, I saw his eyes full of fear and despair. My anger was immediately replaced by a smile. I asked, “Are you Mr. Ram's nephew, Michael I'm his housekeeper. Two days ago, I heard his nephew living in the countryside will come. It must be you. You're really like him!”
On hearing my words, the boy was first astonished, but then quickly said, “Has my uncle gone out I think I'd better first go out for a walk and visit him again in a while.”
I nodded and asked the boy who was preparing to put down the violin, “Do you like to play the violin so much ”
“Yes, but I'm so poor that I can't afford it,” the boy replied.
“Then, I give this violin to you.” The boy looked at me questioningly, but he picked up the violin. Going out to the living room, he suddenly saw on the wall my huge color photo I performed in the Sydney Opera House. He involuntarily trembled for a moment and ran out without looking back.
I was sure that the boy had understood what happened because no one would decorate the living room with the housekeeper's photo.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
A few years later, I was invited to be a judge at a music competition of senior high school students.
Paragraph 2:
After the competition, “Michael” ran to me, holding a violin box.
答案全解全析
UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
1.A 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.A
8.B 9.A 10.C 11.C 12.D 13.B 14.D
15.D 16.G 17.E 18.B 19.A 20.D 21.A
22.C 23.D 24.B 25.C 26.C 27.D 28.D
29.C 30.B 31.A 32.B 33.A 34.B 35.D
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了无人机X Pro是无人机市场上的一颗闪亮之星以及它如此受欢迎的原因。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第四段第三句You can easily control and fly this drone, even if you've never flown a drone in your life.可知,你可以很容易地控制和驾驶这架无人机,即使你从未驾驶过无人机。由此可知,不难控制是无人机X Pro不同于其他无人机的地方。故选A。B项“质量很好”在文中没有被提到;根据第二段第一句和第三句首先把无人机应用程序安装到你的智能手机,之后,再把电池放在无人机里并启动应用程序可知,C项、D项不正确。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第四段第五句Our friend's son came over to the office, and he figured out how to fly the drone in just minutes.可知,我们朋友的儿子来到办公室,他在几分钟内就弄明白如何驾驶无人机。由此可推断,该广告通过例子证明驾驶无人机容易操作。故选A。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第六段第一句Now, Drone X Pro sells for $150 each online and two at a discount of 80%.可知,现在,无人机X Pro在线售价是一架150美元,两架的折扣为80%。因此两架无人机是240美元。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.launch v.发动;发射 2.extremely adv.极其,非常 3.require vt.要求;需要 4.smooth adj.顺利的;光滑的;平稳的 5.amazing adj.令人惊异的 6.discount n.折扣
7.deal n.交易 8.because of因为 9.worth adj.值得的
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了动物学家Dian Fossey博士及其成就。
4.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,她的工作使濒危动物大型类人猿的数量得以平稳增长,这是她的非凡成就。故选D。A项“因为她周游世界”;B项“因为她喜欢和大猩猩玩;C项“因为她研究大猩猩生态学”。
5.D 细节理解题。根据文章可知,1967年Fossey建立Karisoke研究中心;1977年Fossey成立“Digit基金”;1985年她被杀害;1988年她的故事被拍成电影。故选D。
6.B 推理判断题。根据文章最后三段可知,1977年Fossey最喜爱的一只大猩猩被poachers杀害,因此Fossey成立保护大猩猩的基金并且她与poachers进行斗争。由此可推断,poachers指“偷猎者”。A项“非法贩卖毒品”;C项“讨厌成功人士”;D项“喜欢伤害人”。
7.A 推理判断题。根据文章可知,Fossey研究并保护大猩猩,为此她被偷猎者杀害。因此写在Fossey墓碑上的这句话的意思是“没有人比Fossey更爱大猩猩了”,也就是说Fossey是最热爱大猩猩的人。故选A。B项“Fossey死后,没有人喜欢大猩猩了”在文中没有支撑的依据;C项“Fossey是第一个研究大猩猩的人”和D项“每个人都像Fossey一样喜欢大猩猩”在文中没有提及,所以排除。
【高频词汇】 1.remarkable adj.卓越的;非凡的;值得注意的
2.devote...to...将……用于……上 3.effective adj.有效的
4.result in导致 5.set up建立 6.establish v.建立,创立
7.recognize v.辨别出;认出;承认 8.get used to习惯于……
9.raise v.筹募;增加;提高;提升
长难句分析
原句 She found that in order to achieve this, she needed to recognize individual gorillas, which required that the gorillas get used to her presence(出现).
分析 这是一个主从复合句。两个连接词that都引导宾语从句,分别作动词found和required的宾语;in order to achieve this作目的状语;which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个主句的内容。
句意 她发现,为了实现这个(目标),她需要辨别出每个大猩猩,这要求大猩猩习惯她的出现。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述一位移居中国并且在网上发布化学实验短视频的英国化学教授在中国的一些事迹。
8.B 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句Evans is a chemistry professor at the Beijing University of Chemical Technology.可知,Evans是北京化工大学的化学教授。故选B。
9.A 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句Since 2011, Evans has turned to the Internet to popularize science.可知,自2011年起,Evans开始借助互联网普及科学。故选A。其他三项在文中没有提及。
10.C 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句He first visited the Chinese mainland in 1987 to attend a chemistry conference in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province.可知,1987年,Evans来中国参加了一个化学会议,故选C。根据第三段第一、二句可知,Evans认为中国是一个充满神秘的国家,所以A项不正确;根据第三段第三句可知,1987年,他第一次来到中国大陆,所以B项中的时间不正确;根据第三段第四、五句可知,他辞去了在英国的工作,并于1996年移居北京,他的许多朋友都认为他疯了,故D项不正确。
11.C 推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句Evans says he looks forward to more “chemical reactions” with China.可知,Evans表示,他期待与中国进行更多的“化学反应”。由此可推断,他将继续发布更多的实验视频。故选C。A项“Evans十分清楚魔法是如何发挥作用的”在文中没有提到,所以排除;根据第一段第四句可知,他经常微笑,因此B项不正确;根据第五段第一句可知,他的实验总是使学校的讲堂充满笑声,并未提到学生们喜欢用笑声打断他的实验,故D项不正确。
【高频词汇】 1.attract v.吸引 2.post v.发布;张贴;公布
3.various adj.各种各样的 3.arouse v.激起,引起;唤醒
4.view...as...认为……是……;把……看作…… 5.attend v.参加 6.quit v.辞职;离开;放弃;停止 7.challenge n.挑战;考验 8.potential n.潜力;可能性 9.popularize v.普及;推广
10.considerable adj.相当多(或大、重要等)的
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能马桶的工作方式,该项目领导人Sanjiv Gambhir对此的看法以及人们对于马桶会泄露隐私问题的担忧。
12.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中The device would identify users through an anal scan using a camera fitted under the seat before checking their waste for disease markers可知,该设备将通过安装在座椅下的摄像头进行肛门扫描来识别用户,然后检查他们的排泄物是否有疾病标志。由此可知,智能马桶用摄像头检测疾病。故选D。
13.B 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句Such devices could become common place in homes, said Gambhir, as consumers accept health monitoring tools like smartwatches and internet-connected home devices.可知,Gambhir说,随着消费者接受智能手表和联网家庭设备等健康监测工具,这类设备可能会在家庭中变得普遍。由此可推断,Gambhir对这种疾病检测设备的未来充满信心。故选B。根据文章第四段第三句以及最后一段Edin Omanovic所说的内容可知,人们对这种设备的安全性还是比较担心的,所以它们还没有被广泛接受,因此A项不正确;C项“它们的功能最近得到了改善”在文中没有提及;文章提到这种设备被用来检测疾病,但没有提到消除疾病,因此D项不正确。
14.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Despite those assurances, privacy campaigners expressed fears about security problems.和Linking it to someone's biometric ID risks exposing private details to third parties可知,尽管有这些保证,隐私维权人士还是表达了对安全问题的担忧;将其与某人的生物特征ID相连接有将个人隐私泄露给第三方的风险。由此可推断,健康数据可能被非法曝光。故选D。A项“它应该被认真对待”;B项“它将得到妥善处理”;C项“它不能公开分享”。
15.D 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的A smart toilet could offer a mini health check every time you take a seat, scientists said recently, but privacy campaigners and potential users said the idea sat uncomfortably with them.可知,科学家最近表示,智能马桶可以在你每次坐下时提供迷你健康检查,但隐私保护主义者和潜在用户表示,这个想法让他们感到不舒服;文章还介绍了这种智能马桶的工作方式,该项目领导人Sanjiv Gambhir对此的看法,以及人们对于马桶会泄露隐私问题的担忧。因此,本文的最佳标题应是 “具有良好目的的智能马桶”。A项“智能马桶的使用”只是文章的部分内容;根据第三段中的that enhances its value as a disease-detecting device可知,文章提到增强了它作为疾病检测设备的价值,但只是部分事实,因此B项不能概括全文;C项有悖文章提到的智能马桶会有泄露隐私的风险。
【高频词汇】 1.privacy n.隐私 2.identify v.确定;鉴别;识别,辨认出 3.sign n.迹象;符号 4.turn out结果是;证明是
5.unique adj.独特的 6.make use of利用 7.release v.公布;释放;免除 8.access v.评价,评估 9.sensitive adj.敏感的 10.expose v.暴露;揭露;使面临
长难句分析
原句 A smart toilet could offer a mini health check every time you take a seat, scientists said recently, but privacy campaigners and potential users said the idea sat uncomfortably with them.
分析 这是一个并列复合句。every time引导时间状语从句;but连接两个并列分句;第二个said后是宾语从句。
句意 科学家最近表示,智能马桶可以在你每次坐下时提供迷你健康检查,但隐私维权人士和潜在用户表示,这个想法让他们感到不安。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了微软最近开发出一款名为Seeing AI的新的应用程序,可以帮助盲人了解周围的世界。
16.G 根据空格后面一句The product, an app called Seeing AI, is currently available for free for Apple's iPhone and iPad.可知,这款产品,名为Seeing AI的应用程序,目前免费提供给苹果的iPhone和iPad。由此可推断,此处应提到一款产品,G项“微软公司的一款新产品可以为视力有障碍的人做到那一点”符合语境。
17.E 根据空格后面一句The app then announces what the camera sees, so users will know what is in front of them.可知,然后这款应用程序宣布相机看到什么,这样用户就能知道在他们面前的是什么。由此可推断,E项“Seeing AI使用相机和人工智能来识别地点、物体和人”符合语境。
18.B 根据空格前面一句With Seeing AI, users can hear a description of not just objects, but other people.可知,通过Seeing AI,用户不仅仅可以听到对物体的描述,还可以听到对其他人的描述。因此,此处说明这款应用程序的功能和作用。B项“它甚至可以告诉你他们的情绪”符合语境。B项中的their呼应上文的other people。
19.A 根据空格后面一句The app can identify what is in the image, as if it were right in front of you.可知,这款应用程序可以识别图像中的内容,就好像它就在你面前。由此可推断,此处指Seeing AI还可以识别图像。故选A。
20.D 根据空格后面一句For example, that someone is smiling does not necessarily mean he or she is happy.可知,例如,某个人微笑并不一定意味着他或她是快乐的。说明这款应用程序有不足之处。由此可推断,D项“Seeing AI是一个新的应用程序,不会一直100%正确”符合语境。
【高频词汇】 1.available adj.可获得的;有空的 2.for free免费 3.announce v.宣布 4.description n.描述 5.identify v.确定;鉴别 6.recognize v.认出,识别;承认 7.intelligence n.智力;才智→intelligent adj.有才智的;悟性强的
长难句分析
原句 Seeing AI will soon be able to identify banknotes, so people will know whether they are holding a bill that is worth $100 or $1.
分析 该句是一个并列复合句。句中so连接两个并列的分句,在第二个分句中,know后的whether引导的是宾语从句,在该宾语从句中,又含有一个that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词a bill。
句意 Seeing AI很快就能够鉴定钞票,因此人们会知道他们拿着的是一张价值100美元还是1美元的钞票。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。一个八十多岁的老人在妻子患有老年痴呆症已经认不出自己的情况下,仍不离不弃,数年如一日地陪伴在她身边。文章旨在启迪人们:在婚姻中,真爱就是接受一切,包括所有的不幸和疾病,要利用拥有的一切幸福地生活。
21.A 考查动词。根据空后的it would be at least 40 minutes 22 someone would be able to see him可知,护士让他在候诊区等着,告诉他至少要等40分钟才能有医生给他看病。tell告诉;promise承诺;persuade说服;understand理解。故选A。
22.C 考查连词。根据空后的someone would be able to see him可知,至少要等40分钟才能有医生给他看病。固定句型“it would be+一段时间+before...”意为“要过多长时间才……”。故选C。
23.D 考查动词(短语)。根据常识可知,病人等着看病时心情通常是焦急的,因此此处是说他在看表。take off脱下;wind给(钟表等)上发条;fix安装;look at看。故选D。
24.B 考查动词短语。根据空前的I was not busy可知,作者不忙,说明病人没有在约定的时间出现。show off炫耀;turn up出现;come on加油;go away走开。故选B。
25.C 考查动词。根据空后的go to the nursing home可知,他告诉作者他需要去养老院。agree同意;forget忘记;need需要;happen发生。故选C。
26.C 考查名词。根据下文中的marriages以及true love可知,这是一个关于婚姻和真爱的故事,因此此处指他的妻子。daughter女儿;mother母亲;wife妻子;sister姐,妹。故选C。
27.D 考查形容词。根据语境和常识可知,去看家人,如果迟到了,家人会担心。lonely孤独的;hungry饿的;doubtful怀疑的;worried担心的。故选D。
28.D 考查副词(短语)。根据空后的And you still go every morning, even though she doesn't know who you are 可知,她不再知道他是谁了。so far至今;already已经;neither两者都不;no longer不再。故选D。
29.C 考查动词。根据空后的And you still go every morning, even though she doesn't know who you are 可知,他的妻子已经有五年认不出他是谁了。believe相信;answer回答;recognize认出;expect期望。故选C。
30.B 考查形容词。根据空后的问句可知,他的话让作者感到很惊讶。moved感动的;surprised惊讶的;disappointed失望的;satisfied满意的。故选B。
31.A 考查名词。根据上文以及空前的hold back可知,他和他妻子的故事让作者深受感动,作者强忍住噙在眼里的泪水。tear眼泪;curiosity好奇心;word话语;judgment判断。故选A。
32.B 考查动词。根据语境可知,现在作者意识到,在婚姻中,真爱就是接受一切。suggest建议:realize认识到;hope希望;prove证明。故选B。
33.A 考查名词。根据上文可知,这个老人的故事证明了真爱就是接受一切,包括不幸和疾病,即使妻子已经认不出自己了,他还是不离不弃、数年如一日地陪伴在她身边。acceptance接受;agreement同意;expression表达;exhibition展览。故选A。
34.B 考查副词。根据空前的don't以及空后的have the best of everything可知,最幸福的人不一定拥有最好的一切。completely完全地;necessarily必然地;naturally自然地;frequently频繁地。故选B。
35.D 考查固定搭配。根据上文可知,幸福的人不一定拥有最好的一切。由此可推断,他们充分利用他们所拥有的一切。固定搭配make the best of充分利用。故选D。
【高频词汇】 1.in a hurry匆忙 2.appointment n.约定 3.at least至少 4.hold back抑制;阻止
长难句分析
原句 I saw him looking at his watch and decided that, since I was not busy—my patient didn't turn up at the appointed hour,I would examine his wound.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。decided后面是that引导的宾语从句,在该宾语从句中,又含有一个since引导的原因状语从句(since I was...at the appointed hour),其中破折号后面的内容是进一步解释说明I was not busy的情况。
句意 我看到他看着他的手表然后作了一个决定,因为我不忙——我的病人没有在约定的时间出现,所以我将检查他的伤口。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了中国最大的短视频分享平台抖音。
36.rising 考查现在分词。句意:抖音是字节跳动有限公司旗下视频分享应用TikTok的中国市场版,8月份日活跃用户超过6亿,高于年初的4亿。分析句子结构可知,该句中已有谓语动词,此处应用非谓语动词,rise与句子的主语之间是主动关系,应用现在分词作状语。故填rising。
37.has produced 考查动词时态。根据时间状语over the past year可知,本句谓语动词应用现在完成时。故填has produced。
38.growth 考查名词。分析句子结构可知,连词and连接两个并列的名词短语作主语,由设空处前的The和设空处后的of可知此处应用名词。故填growth。
39.which 考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面整个主句的内容,非限制性定语从句中缺少主语,所以用关系代词which。
40.previously 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词disclosed。故填previously。
41.Started 考查过去分词。根据语境可知,抖音成立于2016年,在字节跳动强大的计算程序的支持下,已经超过了腾讯控股有限公司投资的快手等较老的竞争对手,成为中国最大的短视频分享平台。动词start(开办)与其逻辑主语Douyin之间构成被动关系,所以用过去分词作状语。故填Started。
42.biggest 考查形容词的比较等级。根据上题的解析可知,此处应用形容词的最高级形式。故填biggest。
43.users 考查名词的数。根据语境可知,尽管广告仍然是抖音和字节跳动的主要收入来源,但抖音近年来推出了包括直播和电子商务在内的新功能,让用户可以在抖音应用中花费更多时间和金钱。user为可数名词,此处应用复数表示泛指。故填users。
44.from 考查介词。根据语境可知,声誉好的抖音创作者可以建立自己的应用程序内商店——在他们的个人资料页面上突出显示,并在他们的在线会话中链接——销售从口红到智能手机的各种商品。固定搭配from...to...从……到……。故填from。
45.a 考查冠词。根据语境可知,这种转变也为TikTok提供了一个潜在的指南。可数名词map在此处表示泛指,且potential是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以此处应用不定冠词a。
【高频词汇】 1.ban v.禁止 2.critical adj.重要的;批判的 3.fortune n.前途;巨款 4.previously adv.先前地 5.platform n.平台 6.feature n.特色;特征;特点 v.以……为特色
7.transformation n.转变 8.potential adj.潜在的;可能的
长难句分析
原句 While advertising remains a major revenue stream for Douyin as well as ByteDance as a whole, Douyin has in recent years introduced new features including live streams and e-commerce that allow users to spend more time and money within the app.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。While引导让步状语从句;that引导定语从句,修饰先行词live streams and e-commerce。
句意 尽管总的来说广告仍然是抖音和字节跳动的主要收入来源,但抖音近年来推出了包括直播和电子商务在内的新功能,让用户可以在该应用中花费更多时间和金钱。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear editor,
I saw that your newspaper launched a discussion about whether e-bikes should be promoted in the city. I'd like to share some my opinions about this discussion.
I think e-bikes should be promoted in cities. On the one hand, electric vehicles can save energy and protect the environment. On the other hand, they can provide convenience for people to travel and reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents.
These are my views and I am sincerely looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
写作指导
故事 要素 Time at noon that day
Place in the home
Character a boy of about 12 years old; the writer
Reason The little boy wanted to steal the writer's favorite violin.
情节 Beginning 作者结束表演返回家中,却发现一个大约12岁的头发凌乱、脸庞消瘦的小男孩正在抚摸自己心爱的小提琴。
Development 作者假借一个善意的谎言把小提琴送给了他。
续写 方向 Para. 1 I was invited to be a judge at a music competition of senior high school students. ①“我”经历了什么 ②“我”的想法是什么
Para. 2 After the competition, “Michael” ran to me, holding a violin box. ①小男孩为何向“我”跑过来 ②“我”有何感想
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
A few years later, I was invited to be a judge at a music competition of senior high school students. Fascinated by the gentle sound of one participant, I was impressed by his wonderful performance. As I flicked my eyes up to glance at the performer, I was so astonished to see a thin face, so familiar, yet now lit up with joy and confidence. The “thief”! For an instant, I was amazed that the kindness I offered to cover the boy's bad behaviour would made such a big difference!
Paragraph 2:
After the competition, “Michael” ran to me, holding a violin box. He asked with a tremble in his voice, with his thin face reddening with excitement, “Sir, do you recognize me The nephew! It's your kindness that enlightens my life, so does your violin. Today, I can give back this violin to you without regret...” Tears welled up in my eyes. Never had I anticipated that a tiny white lie would bring such great power to others and change their life.
23
单元检测卷
(满分:120 分;时间:100 分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2021辽宁联合校高二上月考,易)
Drone X Pro is a shining star on the drone(无人机) market. Here's why it's gone viral.
How does Drone X Pro work
Start by installing the Drone app to your smartphone(Android or iOS). It takes just minutes. After that, just place the battery in your drone and launch the app. You're now ready to fly your Drone X Pro!
Why is this drone so special
The drone is about the size of a large screen smartphone. It's so small that it fits into any pocket or handbag!
Here's the best part: flying is extremely easy. There's no experience required to fly this drone. You can easily control and fly this drone, even if you've never flown a drone in your life. Flying the drone is smooth and natural as riding a bike. Our friend's son came over to the office, and he figured out how to fly the drone in just minutes. You can't imagine how stable and smooth his controls are!
Once you own this drone, you can enjoy amazing HD pictures of nature, friends, and families. It's a blast!
How much does it cost
Now, Drone X Pro sells for $150 each online and two at a discount of 80%. It's a great deal! If you're not satisfied, return it and you can get your money back.
Because of the easy use, portability, low price, and small size, it's absolutely worth it! Just imagine amazing pictures and videos you'll be taking with your new Drone X Pro. If you've never flown a drone before, this is the time to start!
Call now!400-800-7832 or order yours from the official website www..
1.What makes Drone X Pro different from the other drones
A.It isn't hard to control.
B.It is of high quality.
C.It needs no power to drive.
D.It is unnecessary to install.
2.How does the ad prove flying Drone X Pro easy
A.By giving a specific example.
B.By sharing some experience.
C.By stating its operating steps.
D.By telling an unforgettable story.
3.How much should you pay to purchase two such drones online
A.$120. B.$150. C.$240. D.$300.
B
(2021山东泰安宁阳一中高二上质检,中)
Dr Dian Fossey, one of the world's leading women scientists, had a remarkable career. The work—she devoted her life to protecting and studying the mountain gorillas (大猩猩) of Africa—has proved highly effective and has resulted in the steady increase of the most endangered great apes.
Fossey made her first trip to Africa in 1963. Three years later, she returned to Africa to begin a long-time study of the mountain gorillas. She set up camp in the Democratic Republic of Congo but moved to Rwanda because of political reasons in 1967. She established her “Karisoke” Research Centre camp on September 24,1967.
Fossey's aims were to study the ecology and social organization of the gorilla. She found that in order to achieve this, she needed to recognize individual gorillas, which required that the gorillas get used to her presence(出现). By copying gorillas' behaviour and sounds, Fossey began to gain their trust, and in 1970 an adult male gorilla she had named “Peanuts” reached out to touch her hand.
Close observations over thousands of hours enabled Fossey to gain the gorillas' trust and bring forth new knowledge about their behaviour. Stories and photographs of her work were published in National Geographic Magazine and elsewhere.
In 1977, one of Fossey's favorite gorillas, Digit, was killed by poachers and she established the Digit Fund to help raise money for gorilla-protection efforts in the same year.
On December 26,1985, Fossey was murdered while going back to her house in Karisoke. Her body was discovered near the research centre. Most probably, Dian Fossey had been killed by the poachers she'd fought against. On her tombstone(墓碑), “No one loved gorillas more...”
In 1988, the life and the work of Fossey were made into a movie based on her book.
4.Why does the author say Dr Dian Fossey “had a remarkable career”
A.Because she travelled all over the world.
B.Because she liked to play with gorillas.
C.Because she studied gorilla ecology.
D.Because she made great apes increase steadily.
5.Which of the following shows the right time order of the events in Fossey's life
a.She established the Digit Fund.
b.Her story was shown in a movie.
c.She was killed probably by the poachers.
d.She established her “Karisoke” Research Centre.
A.a, d, c, b B.a, c, d, b
C.d, c, b, a D.d, a, c, b
6.The underlined word “poachers” in Paragraph 5 probably refers to people who .
A.sell drugs against the law
B.hunt animals against the law
C.hate successful people
D.like to do harm to people
7.From the words on Fossey's tombstone, we can infer that .
A.Fossey was the person who loved gorillas most
B.after Fossey died,no one loves gorillas
C.Fossey was the first one to study gorillas
D.everybody loves gorillas as Fossey did
C
(2021山东邹城高二上期中,中)
British chemist David Evans has become an overnight celebrity on Chinese social media. His chemistry experiments have attracted over 2 million followers in just a few months. Evans is a chemistry professor at the Beijing University of Chemical Technology. The 60-year-old always wears a white lab coat, a pair of safety goggles (护目镜), and smiles often. Some web users say he looks just like the “grandpa of KFC”.
Evans has posted videos of various experiments. His most popular experiments have attracted millions of hits on video-sharing apps. Excited children's cheers and shouts can be heard in his videos. “I hope my experiments can arouse people's interest in science,” he says.
Evans has been interested in China since childhood. In the early 1970s, before the reform and opening-up, he viewed it as a country full of mysteries. He first visited the Chinese mainland in 1987 to attend a chemistry conference in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. He quit his job in the United Kingdom and moved to Beijing in 1996. Many of his friends thought he was crazy. But Evans said they just saw China's challenges but not its potential.
Since 2011, Evans has turned to the Internet to popularize science. He learned short-video apps are also popular in small cities and rural areas. And he realized this could enable him to reach more students, who lack opportunities to perform fun experiments. But even a one-minute video requires a considerable amount of work. Still, he thinks it's worth it to fulfill his responsibility to popularize science.
His experiments always fill school lecture halls with laughter. Some viewers call him “a Harry Potter”—like a magician, but he disagrees, “A magician never tells the secrets behind his tricks, but a scientist always gives an explanation.” He sees himself as a teacher. He performs experiments to spread knowledge, inspire thinking, remove misunderstandings and show that science can create change. Evans says he looks forward to more “chemical reactions” with China.
8.Who is David Evans according to the passage
A.A film celebrity.
B.A chemistry teacher.
C.A manager of KFC.
D.A British magician.
9.Why did Evans begin to post videos of experiments on the Internet
A.To popularize science.
B.To rise to fame.
C.To apply short-video apps.
D.To make a fortune.
10.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Paragraph 3
A.Evans considered the UK to be a country full of mysteries.
B.Evans first visited Chinese mainland in the 1970s.
C.Evans went to China for a chemistry meeting in 1987.
D.Evans moved to Beijing with the support of his friends.
11.What can we infer from the passage
A.Evans knows exactly how a magic works.
B.Evans is a serious scientist and barely smiles.
C.Evans will continue to post videos of experiments in China.
D.Evans' students like to interrupt his experiments with laughter.
D
(2021河南豫南九校高二上第三次联考,中)
A smart toilet could offer a mini health check every time you take a seat, scientists said recently, but privacy campaigners and potential users said the idea sat uncomfortably with them.
The device would identify users through an anal scan using a camera fitted under the seat before checking their waste for disease markers, including early signs of cancer, said the US-led team who developed the prototype.
“We know it seems strange, but as it turns out, your anal print is unique,” said Sanjiv Gambhir, a radiology professor at Stanford University, who led work on the project. “The smart toilet is the perfect way to make use of a source of data that's typically ignored,” said Gambhir. “Everyone uses the bathroom—there's really no avoiding it—and that enhances its value as a disease-detecting device.”
A set of devices fitted inside the toilet bowl identifies the users and monitors their waste for signs of ill health which could be shared with their doctors, researchers said in the scientific journal Nature Biomedical Engineering. Such devices could become common place in homes, said Gambhir, as consumers accept health monitoring tools like smartwatches and internet-connected home devices. But many were concerned about releasing their privacy, the researchers found following a 300-person survey to assess acceptance. Three in ten respondents said they would not want to use a smart toilet, with only about half reporting they would be “somewhat” or “very” comfortable with it. The most commonly reported concerns were over privacy and data security, found by researchers, who said information gathered would be stored in a secure, cloud-based system.
Despite those assurances, privacy campaigners expressed fears about security problems. “Health data contains the most sensitive and revealing information about anyone,” said Edin Omanovic, advocacy director at London-based charity Privacy International. “Linking it to someone's biometric ID risks exposing private details to third parties, either through data sharing or security drawbacks which leave back doors exposed.”
12.What does this smart toilet use to detect disease
A.A smartwatch.
B.A seat.
C.A cloud-based system.
D.A camera.
13.What can we know about the disease-detecting devices
A.They are widely accepted.
B.Gambhir has confidence in their future.
C.Their function has been improved recently.
D.Signs of illness can be removed through them.
14.What can we infer about health data from the last paragraph
A.It should be taken seriously.
B.It will be treated properly.
C.It may not be shared publicly.
D.It can be exposed illegally.
15.Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A.The use of a smart toilet
B.The value of a smart toilet
C.A smart toilet without privacy
D.A smart toilet with good intention
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021山西长治第二中学高二上期中,中)
A new app helps blind people know the world around them
One of the best uses of technology is to make life easier. 16 The product, an app called Seeing AI, is currently available for free for Apple's iPhone and iPad. “AI” is short for artificial intelligence, a term for computers with an ability to think and learn like human beings. 17 The app then announces what the camera sees, so users will know what is in front of them.
People can also use Seeing AI to learn words in English. With the app, you can point your iPhone or iPad at any object and Seeing AI will say what the object is. With Seeing AI, users can hear a description of not just objects, but other people. 18
People can use the app when going shopping. It can read products' bar codes (条形码) so users will know whether a can is filled with fruit or dog food. Microsoft says Seeing AI will soon be able to identify banknotes, so people will know whether they are holding a bill that is worth $100 or $1. 19 The app can identify what is in the image, as if it were right in front of you. People can even use the app to read signs and get directions, although Microsoft warns against using it for navigation (导航) purposes.
20 For example, that someone is smiling does not necessarily mean he or she is happy. The app recognizes text, but not handwriting yet. That feature may be available in the future.
The app is currently available in Canada, Hong Kong, India, New Zealand, Singapore and the United States.
A.Seeing AI can also identify images.
B.It can even tell you about their emotions.
C.The app can identify more than one person in a photograph.
D.Seeing AI is a new app and will not be 100% correct all the time.
E.Seeing AI uses both a camera and artificial intelligence to identify places, objects and people.
F.With this intelligent app, just hold up your phone and hear information about the world around you.
G.A new product from Microsoft Corporation can just do that for people who have trouble seeing.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2021山东济南一中高二上期中,中)
It was a busy morning, about 8:30, when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital. I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for an appointment at 9:30.
The nurse had him take a seat in the waiting area, 21 him it would be at least 40 minutes 22 someone would be able to see him. I saw him 23 his watch and decided that, since I was not busy—my patient didn't 24 at the appointed hour, I would examine his wound. While taking care of his wound, I asked him if he had another doctor's appointment.
The gentleman said no and told me that he 25 to go to the nursing home to eat breakfast with his 26 . He told me that she had been there for a while and that she had a special disease. I asked if she would be 27 if he was a bit late. He replied that she 28 knew who he was, and that she had not been able to 29 him for five years. I was 30 , and asked him, “And you still go every morning, even though she doesn't know who you are ”
He smiled and said, “She doesn't know me, but I know who she is.” I had to hold back 31 as he left.
Now I 32 that in marriages, true love is 33 of all that. The happiest people don't 34 have the best of everything; they just 35 the best of everything they have. Life isn't about how to live through the storm, but how to dance in the rain.
21.A.telling B.promising
C.persuading D.understanding
22.A.if B.since C.before D.after
23.A.taking off B.winding
C.fixing D.looking at
24.A.show off B.turn up C.come on D.go away
25.A.agreed B.forgot C.needed D.happened
26.A.daughter B.mother C.wife D.sister
27.A.lonely B.hungry C.doubtful D.worried
28.A.so far B.already C.neither D.no longer
29.A.believe B.answer C.recognize D.expect
30.A.moved B.surprised
C.disappointed D.satisfied
31.A.tears B.curiosity C.words D.judgment
32.A.suggest B.realize C.hope D.prove
33.A.acceptance B.agreement
C.expression D.exhibition
34.A.completely B.necessarily
C.naturally D.frequently
35.A.learn B.try C.favor D.make
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021湖北部分重点中学高二上月考,难)
Douyin, the Chinese-market version of ByteDance Ltd.'s video-sharing app TikTok, had more than 600 million daily active users in August, 36 (rise) from 400 million at the start of the year.
The service 37 (produce) 41.7 billion yuan($6.1 billion) in revenue for more than 22 million creators over the past year. The 38 (grow) of Douyin's audience and the efforts will improve and diversify income streams for creators.
ByteDance has seen its international hit TikTok banned in India, 39 makes Douyin, already an important growth driver, even more critical to the parent company's fortunes. ByteDance 40 (previous) disclosed that its global products of apps have 1.5 billion monthly active users.
41 (start) in 2016, Douyin has overtaken older rivals like Tencent Holdings Ltd.-backed Kuaishou to become China's 42 (big) short-video-sharing platform, with the backing of ByteDance's powerful algorithms(计算程序). While advertising remains a major revenue stream for Douyin as well as ByteDance as a whole, Douyin has in recent years introduced new features including live streams and e-commerce that allow 43 (user) to spend more time and money within the app.
Reputable Douyin creators are able to set up their own in-app stores—featured prominently on their profile pages and linked to during their online sessions—that sell everything 44 lipsticks to smartphones. This transformation also offers 45 potential road map for TikTok.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2021山东临沂高二上期中,难)
China Daily发起了一场“电动车要不要在城市中推广使用”的讨论。假如你叫李华,请你向该报投稿,阐述你的观点。
注意:词数80左右。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2021河北张家口高二上期中,难)
At noon that day, I drove back to my house after the performance. Just as I entered the living room, I heard a gentle sound coming from the bedroom upstairs—it was the sound of my favorite violin.
“Thief!”
I dashed upstairs. Sure enough, as expected, a boy of about 12 years old was petting my violin. The boy had messy hair and a thin face, and his oversized coat seemingly filled with something. At first glance, I found a new pair of shoes missing. It seemed that he was surely a thief.
Then, I saw his eyes full of fear and despair. My anger was immediately replaced by a smile. I asked, “Are you Mr. Ram's nephew, Michael I'm his housekeeper. Two days ago, I heard his nephew living in the countryside will come. It must be you. You're really like him!”
On hearing my words, the boy was first astonished, but then quickly said, “Has my uncle gone out I think I'd better first go out for a walk and visit him again in a while.”
I nodded and asked the boy who was preparing to put down the violin, “Do you like to play the violin so much ”
“Yes, but I'm so poor that I can't afford it,” the boy replied.
“Then, I give this violin to you.” The boy looked at me questioningly, but he picked up the violin. Going out to the living room, he suddenly saw on the wall my huge color photo I performed in the Sydney Opera House. He involuntarily trembled for a moment and ran out without looking back.
I was sure that the boy had understood what happened because no one would decorate the living room with the housekeeper's photo.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
A few years later, I was invited to be a judge at a music competition of senior high school students.
Paragraph 2:
After the competition, “Michael” ran to me, holding a violin box.
答案全解全析
UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
1.A 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.A
8.B 9.A 10.C 11.C 12.D 13.B 14.D
15.D 16.G 17.E 18.B 19.A 20.D 21.A
22.C 23.D 24.B 25.C 26.C 27.D 28.D
29.C 30.B 31.A 32.B 33.A 34.B 35.D
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了无人机X Pro是无人机市场上的一颗闪亮之星以及它如此受欢迎的原因。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第四段第三句You can easily control and fly this drone, even if you've never flown a drone in your life.可知,你可以很容易地控制和驾驶这架无人机,即使你从未驾驶过无人机。由此可知,不难控制是无人机X Pro不同于其他无人机的地方。故选A。B项“质量很好”在文中没有被提到;根据第二段第一句和第三句首先把无人机应用程序安装到你的智能手机,之后,再把电池放在无人机里并启动应用程序可知,C项、D项不正确。
2.A 推理判断题。根据第四段第五句Our friend's son came over to the office, and he figured out how to fly the drone in just minutes.可知,我们朋友的儿子来到办公室,他在几分钟内就弄明白如何驾驶无人机。由此可推断,该广告通过例子证明驾驶无人机容易操作。故选A。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第六段第一句Now, Drone X Pro sells for $150 each online and two at a discount of 80%.可知,现在,无人机X Pro在线售价是一架150美元,两架的折扣为80%。因此两架无人机是240美元。故选C。
【高频词汇】 1.launch v.发动;发射 2.extremely adv.极其,非常 3.require vt.要求;需要 4.smooth adj.顺利的;光滑的;平稳的 5.amazing adj.令人惊异的 6.discount n.折扣
7.deal n.交易 8.because of因为 9.worth adj.值得的
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了动物学家Dian Fossey博士及其成就。
4.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,她的工作使濒危动物大型类人猿的数量得以平稳增长,这是她的非凡成就。故选D。A项“因为她周游世界”;B项“因为她喜欢和大猩猩玩;C项“因为她研究大猩猩生态学”。
5.D 细节理解题。根据文章可知,1967年Fossey建立Karisoke研究中心;1977年Fossey成立“Digit基金”;1985年她被杀害;1988年她的故事被拍成电影。故选D。
6.B 推理判断题。根据文章最后三段可知,1977年Fossey最喜爱的一只大猩猩被poachers杀害,因此Fossey成立保护大猩猩的基金并且她与poachers进行斗争。由此可推断,poachers指“偷猎者”。A项“非法贩卖毒品”;C项“讨厌成功人士”;D项“喜欢伤害人”。
7.A 推理判断题。根据文章可知,Fossey研究并保护大猩猩,为此她被偷猎者杀害。因此写在Fossey墓碑上的这句话的意思是“没有人比Fossey更爱大猩猩了”,也就是说Fossey是最热爱大猩猩的人。故选A。B项“Fossey死后,没有人喜欢大猩猩了”在文中没有支撑的依据;C项“Fossey是第一个研究大猩猩的人”和D项“每个人都像Fossey一样喜欢大猩猩”在文中没有提及,所以排除。
【高频词汇】 1.remarkable adj.卓越的;非凡的;值得注意的
2.devote...to...将……用于……上 3.effective adj.有效的
4.result in导致 5.set up建立 6.establish v.建立,创立
7.recognize v.辨别出;认出;承认 8.get used to习惯于……
9.raise v.筹募;增加;提高;提升
长难句分析
原句 She found that in order to achieve this, she needed to recognize individual gorillas, which required that the gorillas get used to her presence(出现).
分析 这是一个主从复合句。两个连接词that都引导宾语从句,分别作动词found和required的宾语;in order to achieve this作目的状语;which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个主句的内容。
句意 她发现,为了实现这个(目标),她需要辨别出每个大猩猩,这要求大猩猩习惯她的出现。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述一位移居中国并且在网上发布化学实验短视频的英国化学教授在中国的一些事迹。
8.B 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句Evans is a chemistry professor at the Beijing University of Chemical Technology.可知,Evans是北京化工大学的化学教授。故选B。
9.A 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句Since 2011, Evans has turned to the Internet to popularize science.可知,自2011年起,Evans开始借助互联网普及科学。故选A。其他三项在文中没有提及。
10.C 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句He first visited the Chinese mainland in 1987 to attend a chemistry conference in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province.可知,1987年,Evans来中国参加了一个化学会议,故选C。根据第三段第一、二句可知,Evans认为中国是一个充满神秘的国家,所以A项不正确;根据第三段第三句可知,1987年,他第一次来到中国大陆,所以B项中的时间不正确;根据第三段第四、五句可知,他辞去了在英国的工作,并于1996年移居北京,他的许多朋友都认为他疯了,故D项不正确。
11.C 推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句Evans says he looks forward to more “chemical reactions” with China.可知,Evans表示,他期待与中国进行更多的“化学反应”。由此可推断,他将继续发布更多的实验视频。故选C。A项“Evans十分清楚魔法是如何发挥作用的”在文中没有提到,所以排除;根据第一段第四句可知,他经常微笑,因此B项不正确;根据第五段第一句可知,他的实验总是使学校的讲堂充满笑声,并未提到学生们喜欢用笑声打断他的实验,故D项不正确。
【高频词汇】 1.attract v.吸引 2.post v.发布;张贴;公布
3.various adj.各种各样的 3.arouse v.激起,引起;唤醒
4.view...as...认为……是……;把……看作…… 5.attend v.参加 6.quit v.辞职;离开;放弃;停止 7.challenge n.挑战;考验 8.potential n.潜力;可能性 9.popularize v.普及;推广
10.considerable adj.相当多(或大、重要等)的
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能马桶的工作方式,该项目领导人Sanjiv Gambhir对此的看法以及人们对于马桶会泄露隐私问题的担忧。
12.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中The device would identify users through an anal scan using a camera fitted under the seat before checking their waste for disease markers可知,该设备将通过安装在座椅下的摄像头进行肛门扫描来识别用户,然后检查他们的排泄物是否有疾病标志。由此可知,智能马桶用摄像头检测疾病。故选D。
13.B 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句Such devices could become common place in homes, said Gambhir, as consumers accept health monitoring tools like smartwatches and internet-connected home devices.可知,Gambhir说,随着消费者接受智能手表和联网家庭设备等健康监测工具,这类设备可能会在家庭中变得普遍。由此可推断,Gambhir对这种疾病检测设备的未来充满信心。故选B。根据文章第四段第三句以及最后一段Edin Omanovic所说的内容可知,人们对这种设备的安全性还是比较担心的,所以它们还没有被广泛接受,因此A项不正确;C项“它们的功能最近得到了改善”在文中没有提及;文章提到这种设备被用来检测疾病,但没有提到消除疾病,因此D项不正确。
14.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Despite those assurances, privacy campaigners expressed fears about security problems.和Linking it to someone's biometric ID risks exposing private details to third parties可知,尽管有这些保证,隐私维权人士还是表达了对安全问题的担忧;将其与某人的生物特征ID相连接有将个人隐私泄露给第三方的风险。由此可推断,健康数据可能被非法曝光。故选D。A项“它应该被认真对待”;B项“它将得到妥善处理”;C项“它不能公开分享”。
15.D 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的A smart toilet could offer a mini health check every time you take a seat, scientists said recently, but privacy campaigners and potential users said the idea sat uncomfortably with them.可知,科学家最近表示,智能马桶可以在你每次坐下时提供迷你健康检查,但隐私保护主义者和潜在用户表示,这个想法让他们感到不舒服;文章还介绍了这种智能马桶的工作方式,该项目领导人Sanjiv Gambhir对此的看法,以及人们对于马桶会泄露隐私问题的担忧。因此,本文的最佳标题应是 “具有良好目的的智能马桶”。A项“智能马桶的使用”只是文章的部分内容;根据第三段中的that enhances its value as a disease-detecting device可知,文章提到增强了它作为疾病检测设备的价值,但只是部分事实,因此B项不能概括全文;C项有悖文章提到的智能马桶会有泄露隐私的风险。
【高频词汇】 1.privacy n.隐私 2.identify v.确定;鉴别;识别,辨认出 3.sign n.迹象;符号 4.turn out结果是;证明是
5.unique adj.独特的 6.make use of利用 7.release v.公布;释放;免除 8.access v.评价,评估 9.sensitive adj.敏感的 10.expose v.暴露;揭露;使面临
长难句分析
原句 A smart toilet could offer a mini health check every time you take a seat, scientists said recently, but privacy campaigners and potential users said the idea sat uncomfortably with them.
分析 这是一个并列复合句。every time引导时间状语从句;but连接两个并列分句;第二个said后是宾语从句。
句意 科学家最近表示,智能马桶可以在你每次坐下时提供迷你健康检查,但隐私维权人士和潜在用户表示,这个想法让他们感到不安。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了微软最近开发出一款名为Seeing AI的新的应用程序,可以帮助盲人了解周围的世界。
16.G 根据空格后面一句The product, an app called Seeing AI, is currently available for free for Apple's iPhone and iPad.可知,这款产品,名为Seeing AI的应用程序,目前免费提供给苹果的iPhone和iPad。由此可推断,此处应提到一款产品,G项“微软公司的一款新产品可以为视力有障碍的人做到那一点”符合语境。
17.E 根据空格后面一句The app then announces what the camera sees, so users will know what is in front of them.可知,然后这款应用程序宣布相机看到什么,这样用户就能知道在他们面前的是什么。由此可推断,E项“Seeing AI使用相机和人工智能来识别地点、物体和人”符合语境。
18.B 根据空格前面一句With Seeing AI, users can hear a description of not just objects, but other people.可知,通过Seeing AI,用户不仅仅可以听到对物体的描述,还可以听到对其他人的描述。因此,此处说明这款应用程序的功能和作用。B项“它甚至可以告诉你他们的情绪”符合语境。B项中的their呼应上文的other people。
19.A 根据空格后面一句The app can identify what is in the image, as if it were right in front of you.可知,这款应用程序可以识别图像中的内容,就好像它就在你面前。由此可推断,此处指Seeing AI还可以识别图像。故选A。
20.D 根据空格后面一句For example, that someone is smiling does not necessarily mean he or she is happy.可知,例如,某个人微笑并不一定意味着他或她是快乐的。说明这款应用程序有不足之处。由此可推断,D项“Seeing AI是一个新的应用程序,不会一直100%正确”符合语境。
【高频词汇】 1.available adj.可获得的;有空的 2.for free免费 3.announce v.宣布 4.description n.描述 5.identify v.确定;鉴别 6.recognize v.认出,识别;承认 7.intelligence n.智力;才智→intelligent adj.有才智的;悟性强的
长难句分析
原句 Seeing AI will soon be able to identify banknotes, so people will know whether they are holding a bill that is worth $100 or $1.
分析 该句是一个并列复合句。句中so连接两个并列的分句,在第二个分句中,know后的whether引导的是宾语从句,在该宾语从句中,又含有一个that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词a bill。
句意 Seeing AI很快就能够鉴定钞票,因此人们会知道他们拿着的是一张价值100美元还是1美元的钞票。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。一个八十多岁的老人在妻子患有老年痴呆症已经认不出自己的情况下,仍不离不弃,数年如一日地陪伴在她身边。文章旨在启迪人们:在婚姻中,真爱就是接受一切,包括所有的不幸和疾病,要利用拥有的一切幸福地生活。
21.A 考查动词。根据空后的it would be at least 40 minutes 22 someone would be able to see him可知,护士让他在候诊区等着,告诉他至少要等40分钟才能有医生给他看病。tell告诉;promise承诺;persuade说服;understand理解。故选A。
22.C 考查连词。根据空后的someone would be able to see him可知,至少要等40分钟才能有医生给他看病。固定句型“it would be+一段时间+before...”意为“要过多长时间才……”。故选C。
23.D 考查动词(短语)。根据常识可知,病人等着看病时心情通常是焦急的,因此此处是说他在看表。take off脱下;wind给(钟表等)上发条;fix安装;look at看。故选D。
24.B 考查动词短语。根据空前的I was not busy可知,作者不忙,说明病人没有在约定的时间出现。show off炫耀;turn up出现;come on加油;go away走开。故选B。
25.C 考查动词。根据空后的go to the nursing home可知,他告诉作者他需要去养老院。agree同意;forget忘记;need需要;happen发生。故选C。
26.C 考查名词。根据下文中的marriages以及true love可知,这是一个关于婚姻和真爱的故事,因此此处指他的妻子。daughter女儿;mother母亲;wife妻子;sister姐,妹。故选C。
27.D 考查形容词。根据语境和常识可知,去看家人,如果迟到了,家人会担心。lonely孤独的;hungry饿的;doubtful怀疑的;worried担心的。故选D。
28.D 考查副词(短语)。根据空后的And you still go every morning, even though she doesn't know who you are 可知,她不再知道他是谁了。so far至今;already已经;neither两者都不;no longer不再。故选D。
29.C 考查动词。根据空后的And you still go every morning, even though she doesn't know who you are 可知,他的妻子已经有五年认不出他是谁了。believe相信;answer回答;recognize认出;expect期望。故选C。
30.B 考查形容词。根据空后的问句可知,他的话让作者感到很惊讶。moved感动的;surprised惊讶的;disappointed失望的;satisfied满意的。故选B。
31.A 考查名词。根据上文以及空前的hold back可知,他和他妻子的故事让作者深受感动,作者强忍住噙在眼里的泪水。tear眼泪;curiosity好奇心;word话语;judgment判断。故选A。
32.B 考查动词。根据语境可知,现在作者意识到,在婚姻中,真爱就是接受一切。suggest建议:realize认识到;hope希望;prove证明。故选B。
33.A 考查名词。根据上文可知,这个老人的故事证明了真爱就是接受一切,包括不幸和疾病,即使妻子已经认不出自己了,他还是不离不弃、数年如一日地陪伴在她身边。acceptance接受;agreement同意;expression表达;exhibition展览。故选A。
34.B 考查副词。根据空前的don't以及空后的have the best of everything可知,最幸福的人不一定拥有最好的一切。completely完全地;necessarily必然地;naturally自然地;frequently频繁地。故选B。
35.D 考查固定搭配。根据上文可知,幸福的人不一定拥有最好的一切。由此可推断,他们充分利用他们所拥有的一切。固定搭配make the best of充分利用。故选D。
【高频词汇】 1.in a hurry匆忙 2.appointment n.约定 3.at least至少 4.hold back抑制;阻止
长难句分析
原句 I saw him looking at his watch and decided that, since I was not busy—my patient didn't turn up at the appointed hour,I would examine his wound.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。decided后面是that引导的宾语从句,在该宾语从句中,又含有一个since引导的原因状语从句(since I was...at the appointed hour),其中破折号后面的内容是进一步解释说明I was not busy的情况。
句意 我看到他看着他的手表然后作了一个决定,因为我不忙——我的病人没有在约定的时间出现,所以我将检查他的伤口。
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了中国最大的短视频分享平台抖音。
36.rising 考查现在分词。句意:抖音是字节跳动有限公司旗下视频分享应用TikTok的中国市场版,8月份日活跃用户超过6亿,高于年初的4亿。分析句子结构可知,该句中已有谓语动词,此处应用非谓语动词,rise与句子的主语之间是主动关系,应用现在分词作状语。故填rising。
37.has produced 考查动词时态。根据时间状语over the past year可知,本句谓语动词应用现在完成时。故填has produced。
38.growth 考查名词。分析句子结构可知,连词and连接两个并列的名词短语作主语,由设空处前的The和设空处后的of可知此处应用名词。故填growth。
39.which 考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为前面整个主句的内容,非限制性定语从句中缺少主语,所以用关系代词which。
40.previously 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词disclosed。故填previously。
41.Started 考查过去分词。根据语境可知,抖音成立于2016年,在字节跳动强大的计算程序的支持下,已经超过了腾讯控股有限公司投资的快手等较老的竞争对手,成为中国最大的短视频分享平台。动词start(开办)与其逻辑主语Douyin之间构成被动关系,所以用过去分词作状语。故填Started。
42.biggest 考查形容词的比较等级。根据上题的解析可知,此处应用形容词的最高级形式。故填biggest。
43.users 考查名词的数。根据语境可知,尽管广告仍然是抖音和字节跳动的主要收入来源,但抖音近年来推出了包括直播和电子商务在内的新功能,让用户可以在抖音应用中花费更多时间和金钱。user为可数名词,此处应用复数表示泛指。故填users。
44.from 考查介词。根据语境可知,声誉好的抖音创作者可以建立自己的应用程序内商店——在他们的个人资料页面上突出显示,并在他们的在线会话中链接——销售从口红到智能手机的各种商品。固定搭配from...to...从……到……。故填from。
45.a 考查冠词。根据语境可知,这种转变也为TikTok提供了一个潜在的指南。可数名词map在此处表示泛指,且potential是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以此处应用不定冠词a。
【高频词汇】 1.ban v.禁止 2.critical adj.重要的;批判的 3.fortune n.前途;巨款 4.previously adv.先前地 5.platform n.平台 6.feature n.特色;特征;特点 v.以……为特色
7.transformation n.转变 8.potential adj.潜在的;可能的
长难句分析
原句 While advertising remains a major revenue stream for Douyin as well as ByteDance as a whole, Douyin has in recent years introduced new features including live streams and e-commerce that allow users to spend more time and money within the app.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。While引导让步状语从句;that引导定语从句,修饰先行词live streams and e-commerce。
句意 尽管总的来说广告仍然是抖音和字节跳动的主要收入来源,但抖音近年来推出了包括直播和电子商务在内的新功能,让用户可以在该应用中花费更多时间和金钱。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear editor,
I saw that your newspaper launched a discussion about whether e-bikes should be promoted in the city. I'd like to share some my opinions about this discussion.
I think e-bikes should be promoted in cities. On the one hand, electric vehicles can save energy and protect the environment. On the other hand, they can provide convenience for people to travel and reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents.
These are my views and I am sincerely looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
写作指导
故事 要素 Time at noon that day
Place in the home
Character a boy of about 12 years old; the writer
Reason The little boy wanted to steal the writer's favorite violin.
情节 Beginning 作者结束表演返回家中,却发现一个大约12岁的头发凌乱、脸庞消瘦的小男孩正在抚摸自己心爱的小提琴。
Development 作者假借一个善意的谎言把小提琴送给了他。
续写 方向 Para. 1 I was invited to be a judge at a music competition of senior high school students. ①“我”经历了什么 ②“我”的想法是什么
Para. 2 After the competition, “Michael” ran to me, holding a violin box. ①小男孩为何向“我”跑过来 ②“我”有何感想
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
A few years later, I was invited to be a judge at a music competition of senior high school students. Fascinated by the gentle sound of one participant, I was impressed by his wonderful performance. As I flicked my eyes up to glance at the performer, I was so astonished to see a thin face, so familiar, yet now lit up with joy and confidence. The “thief”! For an instant, I was amazed that the kindness I offered to cover the boy's bad behaviour would made such a big difference!
Paragraph 2:
After the competition, “Michael” ran to me, holding a violin box. He asked with a tremble in his voice, with his thin face reddening with excitement, “Sir, do you recognize me The nephew! It's your kindness that enlightens my life, so does your violin. Today, I can give back this violin to you without regret...” Tears welled up in my eyes. Never had I anticipated that a tiny white lie would bring such great power to others and change their life.
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