中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
姓名： 班级
Unit 6 Earth first
6.3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
一、基础巩固
I．单词拼写
1．After his uncle died，he got a large ________（大量）of money.
2．You can’t take photographs here without ________（允许）.
3．The factory keeps ________（释放）smoke，making the air dirty and smelly.
4．Our teacher _______(敦促) us to study hard，as the exam is drawing near.
5．You should make enough space for all the usual kitchen ________(家用电器)．
6．The table took up too much space，so the man decided to have it _______(移走)．
7．The _________（大多数）of the parents in China are concerned about their children’s education.
8．Recently the government has launched a _______(活动) of environmental protection.
9．These are the people that have _________(贡献) more to the development of the Internet.
10．Nowadays more and more people，whether they are young or old，are_______ （担忧）about their health.
II.单句语法填空
Last year Tom went to Shanghai to try his_____. ________, he met his girlfriend and got married there. ( fortune)
Bethune, a_____ friend of Chinese, ______ his life to helping Chinese. I really respect his _______ to medical work. ( devote)
Mr White is the_____ son of Mrs Green, who_____ him when his parents died 20 years ago. Thanks to her_____ , Mr White could receive a good education and become an engineer. ( adopt)
Even if you have a_____ I won't_____ you to enter the hall without my_____ .( permit )
One of the_____ problems is that a _____ of the graduates who _____ in English find it difficult to find a good job. ( majority )
It is ______ that we should finish the work in such a short and_____ time. ( urge )
Our parents are more _____ about our health and future.As far as I'm_____, we should talk with our parents and tell them our_____. ( concern )
The writer personally_____ ￡ 5,000 to the earthquake fund last week and all his_____ were gratefully received.
( contribute )
III. 选词填空（可变换形式）
下面的短文是P68－69的课文改写，请从下表中 选择合适的词汇并用其适当的形式完成此文。
We have taken steps to save energy and 1._______ waste and pollution.However，some of the green truths are 2._________- false.Firstly, 3._____a paper bag uses much more energy than a plastic one.So，not only plastic bags, 4.________paper bags are bad for environment.Secondly，a device that is turned off uses power.We should 5.________ the plug from its power supply.Thirdly,local food needn’t 6.________long distance，and what uses energy is the 7.______ of the food.Finally, it 8._______ the time you spend in the shower and the size of your bath to take a shower or a bath.Therefore，you’d better 9.______ your shower time.In a word，it is worth 10._______ about the common idea before we take action.
IV. 课文语法填空
The __1__ (major) of us take steps to save energy and reduce pollution.But recently, some “green truths” __2__ (show) to be only half true, or even __3__ (complete) false.
Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to wild animals, __4__ mistake them for food.So people think paper bags are the better environmental choice. __5__， making a paper bag uses four times as much energy __6__ making a plastic one. In fact，both kinds of bags are bad __7__ the environment.You should unplug a device rather than turn it off when __8__ (leave)your home.Is eating local food good for the environment The answer is “No”. __9__ is the production of food, not its transport, that uses most of the energy. People often think it's better to take a shower than a bath，but it's not right. It depends on how long you spend in the shower and how large your bath is. __10__， the key is to keep your shower time as short as possible.
IV. 根据要求翻译句子
1．这个女人答应以后不再提及这件事情了。(refer to)
__________________________________________________
2．这个人当权后把他的大部分时间用于社会工作。(devote...to...)
__________________________________________________
3．她正在吃午饭，这时一位老朋友来看望她。(be doing...when...)
__________________________________________________
4．并不是每一个人都同意这项计划。(部分否定)
__________________________________________________
5．我爸爸向希望工程捐了很多书。(contribute...to...)
__________________________________________________
6. 该地区大多数的空气污染来自汽车和工厂。 (the majority of ...)
_______________________________________________________________________________
7. 请避免使用塑料袋，因为它们很难分解。 (break down)
_______________________________________________________________________________
8. 专家们担忧冬天雾霾会更加严重。 (be concerned that ...)
_______________________________________________________________________________
9. 能源公司在设计新产品时，必须把环保问题考虑进去。 (take ... into account)
_______________________________________________________________________________
10. 每个国家需要做更多去保护野生动植物，拯救它们免于灭绝。 (save ... from ...)
_______________________________________________________________________________
二、拓展提升
I. 阅读理解
A
Located in northern Manitoba on the west side of Hudson Bay, Churchill is out in the middle of nowhere. But polar bears like it that way. They spend summers on the tundra (苔原) around Churchill. In the fall, they wait anxiously along the shore of Hudson Bay for the ice to form. Then they go out onto the frozen sea to hunt ringed seals, their favorite food. October and November are the best polar bear viewing times. From tundra vehicles, visitors to Churchill observe the bears. Some enjoy day trips or stay overnight on large tundra vehicles that have private cabins and eating facilities. Others stay at a wilderness lodge on the bears' migration route to view the vigorous creatures. These lodges can be reached only by air and feature luxury food and living arrangements.
Despite the large number of polar bears that visit Churchill each year, there is growing concern about the animals' future. Because the earth is getting warmer, the ice forms later in the year now and disappears sooner in the spring. As a result, polar bears have less time to hunt for seals. Polar bears can also find smaller animals, bird eggs and berries on land, but this kind of food is not sufficient to support the animals.
Polar bears are also affected by plastic and chemicals that get into the ocean. A research project carried out in northern Europe has found high concentrations of both plastic and chemicals in the tissue of polar bears. These materials and substances can damage the animals' internal organs, especially when the animals are not yet mature. Many people are researching polar bear health. Their goal is to gather the information that is needed to help save these animals.
1．What does this article imply about Churchill
A．It's located in a very remote area.
B．It's attracting fewer tourists now.
C．It's surrounded by smaller towns.
D．It's dependent on the oil industry.
2．What does this article explain about polar bears
A．The ways in which they threaten people.
B．The most important elements of their diets.
C．The mating behavior that they exhibit.
D．The time of year when they give birth.
3．How is the polar bears' seal winter hunting season changing
A．It's starting earlier.
B．It's becoming colder.
C．It's finishing later.
D．It's getting shorter.
4．What can we learn about polar bears from this article
A．How they avoid traffic accidents.
B．How they learn good habits from one another.
C．How they're endangered by pollution.
D．How they find a hiding place during bad weather.
B
Fabien Cousteau was born with deep love for the ocean. His grandfather and his father were ocean explorers and documentary filmmakers. Fabien spent his early years on his grandfather's ships. Today, Fabien follows in his family's footsteps to protect the planet's endangered ocean life. With his vast knowledge and experience, he tries to strike a balance between environmental problems and market economies.
Fabien is well known for his study of sharks. During 2000—2002, he created a TV special called Attack of the Mystery Shark based on the shark attacks that occurred along the New Jersey shoreline in the summer of 1916.Then in 2003—2006, with the help of a large crew, Fabien created a shark submarine (潜艇) that enabled him to put himself inside the shark world, providing people with a rare view of the mysterious and often misunderstood creatures.
For the next four years (2006—2010), Fabien was part of a series called Ocean Adventures, which offered a rare look into some of the most fantastic ocean species (物种) and environments.
In 2010, Fabien started Plant A Fish, a nonprofit project for children to help restore local water ecosystems by replanting key ocean species. Save the world, one fish at a time. The project is still in progress now and its final goal is to plant 1 billion “fish” worldwide.
From June 1 to July 2, 2014, Fabien and his team spent 31 days underwater to research how climate change and pollution are affecting the oceans. Fabien's Mission 31 broke new ground by going deeper, longer and further, exposing (显露) the world to the adventure and the mystique (神秘) of what lies beneath.
Fabien is currently working on a documentary film about the adventures of Mission 31, as well as building an Ocean Learning Center to provide children around the world with the opportunity to learn about oceans and engage with ocean explorers directly through social media.
5．What is Not Fabien's job
A．Ocean explorer. B．Documentary filmmaker.
C．Environmentalist. D．Media manager.
6．How is Paragraph 2 developed
A．By providing facts.
B．By offering analyses.
C．By making comparisons.
D．By drawing conclusions.
7．We can learn from the text that ________.
A．Fabien's “Plant A Fish” project has already achieved its final goal
B．Fabien's Mission 31 broke the records of former ocean explorations
C．Fabien's TV special about sharks is based on his childhood experiences
D．It took Fabien four years to produce Ocean Adventures all on his own
8．In which part of a website can we read the text
A．Modern Technology. B．Space Exploration.
C．Outstanding Figures. D．Fantastic Wildlife.
II.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine an area 34 times the size of Manhattan. Now imagine it covered ankle deep in plastic waste—a total of about 19 billion pounds of garbage. __1__.
“We're being overwhelmed(淹没)by our waste，”said Jenna Jambeck, an environmental engineer who led the 2015 study that determined this astonishing number. __2__， unless something is done to stop the tide of garbage.
Plastic—a widely used material—has in many ways been a benefit to humans but it has also caused a growing problem. Today, plastics are the No.1 type of garbage found in the sea. Ocean Conservancy, a nonprofit that organizes an annual coastal cleanup event worldwide, said plastic waste makes up around 85 percent of the garbage collected from beaches and oceans.
Ocean Conservancy says plastics are believed to threaten(威胁)at least 600 different wildlife species(物种). __3__； a growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. A research suggests some plastics could be poisonous to humans, and could potentially increase the risk of health problems.
__4__. At the Economist World Ocean Summit this week, ten nations announced to reduce plastic sea litter as part of UN Environment's CleanSeas campaign. __5__. Corporations also have a role, as do individuals. We can start by thinking twice before using single use plastic products—and when we do use them, we should take care to properly throw them off or recycle.
A．The following is what we should do
B．And it's not just wildlife that's threatened
C．And this figure is likely to double by 2025
D．But it's not just countries that need to do their part
E．By 2050，that figure is expected to rise to 1,000 pieces
F．That's how much plastic waste ends up in our oceans every year
G．All of us have an important role to play in dealing with the problems
III.语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
They had been on __1__ (we)planets for millions of years，but 2018 was the year several species __2__ (official)died off for ever.Three bird species went extinct in 2018，two of __3__ are songbirds from northeastern Brazil. A __4__ (disturb)trend is that mainland species are starting to go extinct，rather than island species.
The species __5__ (wipe)out in the wild resulted from many factors such as the creation of dam and trapping __6__ trade.Beyond birds，other animals such as the vaquita and the northern white rhino __7__ (be)near the end.We are currently experiencing the worst species die offs since the __8__ (lose)of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago.
Although extinction is a __9__ (nature)phenomenon，it occurs at a rate of about one to five species per year.Scientists estimate we're now losing species at 1,000 to 10,000 times the rate.In the past 500 years，about 1,000 species __10__ (go) extinct.
IV. 应用文写作
假设你是李华，你打算向校报投稿介绍生活中如何减少 浪费和污染，请根据以下要点写一篇短文，介绍环保知识。
1.在我们的日常生活中,我们都看到了环境污染的危害。
2.大多数人意识到环境保护的重要性。
3.我们必须采取行动减少浪费和污染。
4.例如，当我们离开的时候关掉灯和水龙头,尽可能多乘坐公共交通 工具，尽量使用可重复使用的餐具,等等。
5.简而言之，我们每个人都应该为环境保护做出贡献。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.尽量使用本单元知识点;
3.可适当增加细节。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
姓名： 班级
Unit 6 Earth first
6.3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
一、基础巩固
I．单词拼写
1．After his uncle died，he got a large ________（大量）of money.
2．You can’t take photographs here without ________（允许）.
3．The factory keeps ________（释放）smoke，making the air dirty and smelly.
4．Our teacher _______(敦促) us to study hard，as the exam is drawing near.
5．You should make enough space for all the usual kitchen ________(家用电器)．
6．The table took up too much space，so the man decided to have it _______(移走)．
7．The _________（大多数）of the parents in China are concerned about their children’s education.
8．Recently the government has launched a _______(活动) of environmental protection.
9．These are the people that have _________(贡献) more to the development of the Internet.
10．Nowadays more and more people，whether they are young or old，are_______ （担忧）about their health.
1.amount 2. permission 3. releasing 4. urges 5. appliances
6.removed 7.majority 8. campaign 9.contributed 10.concerned
II.单句语法填空
Last year Tom went to Shanghai to try his_____. ________, he met his girlfriend and got married there. ( fortune)
Bethune, a_____ friend of Chinese, ______ his life to helping Chinese. I really respect his _______ to medical work. ( devote)
Mr White is the_____ son of Mrs Green, who_____ him when his parents died 20 years ago. Thanks to her_____ , Mr White could receive a good education and become an engineer. ( adopt)
Even if you have a_____ I won't_____ you to enter the hall without my_____ .( permit )
One of the_____ problems is that a _____ of the graduates who _____ in English find it difficult to find a good job. ( majority )
It is ______ that we should finish the work in such a short and_____ time. ( urge )
Our parents are more _____ about our health and future.As far as I'm_____, we should talk with our parents and tell them our_____. ( concern )
The writer personally_____ ￡ 5,000 to the earthquake fund last week and all his_____ were gratefully received.
( contribute )
Keys:
1 fortune; Fortunately
2 devoted; devoted; devotion
3 adopted; adopted; adoption
4 permit; permit; permission
5 major; majority; major
6 urged; urgent
7 concerned; concerned; concerns
8 contributed; contributions
III. 选词填空（可变换形式）
下面的短文是P68－69的课文改写，请从下表中 选择合适的词汇并用其适当的形式完成此文。
We have taken steps to save energy and 1._______ waste and pollution.However，some of the green truths are 2._________- false.Firstly, 3._____a paper bag uses much more energy than a plastic one.So，not only plastic bags, 4.________paper bags are bad for environment.Secondly，a device that is turned off uses power.We should 5.________ the plug from its power supply.Thirdly,local food needn’t 6.________long distance，and what uses energy is the 7.______ of the food.Finally, it 8._______ the time you spend in the shower and the size of your bath to take a shower or a bath.Therefore，you’d better 9.______ your shower time.In a word，it is worth 10._______ about the common idea before we take action.
1.reduce 2.completely 3.making 4. but also 5. remove 6.be transported 7. production
8. depends on 9.shorten 10. thinking
IV. 课文语法填空
The __1__ (major) of us take steps to save energy and reduce pollution.But recently, some “green truths” __2__ (show) to be only half true, or even __3__ (complete) false.
Plastic bags cause litter and are a danger to wild animals, __4__ mistake them for food.So people think paper bags are the better environmental choice. __5__， making a paper bag uses four times as much energy __6__ making a plastic one. In fact，both kinds of bags are bad __7__ the environment.You should unplug a device rather than turn it off when __8__ (leave)your home.Is eating local food good for the environment The answer is “No”. __9__ is the production of food, not its transport, that uses most of the energy. People often think it's better to take a shower than a bath，but it's not right. It depends on how long you spend in the shower and how large your bath is. __10__， the key is to keep your shower time as short as possible.
1．majority 2.have been shown 3.completely 4.which
5．However 6.as 7.for 8.leaving 9.It 10.Therefore
IV. 根据要求翻译句子
1．这个女人答应以后不再提及这件事情了。(refer to)
__________________________________________________
2．这个人当权后把他的大部分时间用于社会工作。(devote...to...)
__________________________________________________
3．她正在吃午饭，这时一位老朋友来看望她。(be doing...when...)
__________________________________________________
4．并不是每一个人都同意这项计划。(部分否定)
__________________________________________________
5．我爸爸向希望工程捐了很多书。(contribute...to...)
__________________________________________________
1.The woman promised that she wouldn’t refer to the matter again.
2.After coming to power，the man devoted most of his time to society work.
3.She was having lunch when an old friend came to see her.
4.Not everyone agreed to this plan./Everyone didn’t agree to this plan.
5.My father contributed a lot of books to the Hope Project.
6. 该地区大多数的空气污染来自汽车和工厂。 (the majority of ...)
_______________________________________________________________________________
7. 请避免使用塑料袋，因为它们很难分解。 (break down)
_______________________________________________________________________________
8. 专家们担忧冬天雾霾会更加严重。 (be concerned that ...)
_______________________________________________________________________________
9. 能源公司在设计新产品时，必须把环保问题考虑进去。 (take ... into account)
_______________________________________________________________________________
10. 每个国家需要做更多去保护野生动植物，拯救它们免于灭绝。 (save ... from ...)
_______________________________________________________________________________
6. The majority of air pollution in this region comes from cars and factories.
7. Please avoid using plastic bags, because they are hard to break down.
8. Experts are concerned that smog will get worse in winter.
9. Energy companies must take environmental issues into account when designing new products.
10. Every country needs to do more to protect wildlife and save it from extinction.
二、拓展提升
I. 阅读理解
A
Located in northern Manitoba on the west side of Hudson Bay, Churchill is out in the middle of nowhere. But polar bears like it that way. They spend summers on the tundra (苔原) around Churchill. In the fall, they wait anxiously along the shore of Hudson Bay for the ice to form. Then they go out onto the frozen sea to hunt ringed seals, their favorite food. October and November are the best polar bear viewing times. From tundra vehicles, visitors to Churchill observe the bears. Some enjoy day trips or stay overnight on large tundra vehicles that have private cabins and eating facilities. Others stay at a wilderness lodge on the bears' migration route to view the vigorous creatures. These lodges can be reached only by air and feature luxury food and living arrangements.
Despite the large number of polar bears that visit Churchill each year, there is growing concern about the animals' future. Because the earth is getting warmer, the ice forms later in the year now and disappears sooner in the spring. As a result, polar bears have less time to hunt for seals. Polar bears can also find smaller animals, bird eggs and berries on land, but this kind of food is not sufficient to support the animals.
Polar bears are also affected by plastic and chemicals that get into the ocean. A research project carried out in northern Europe has found high concentrations of both plastic and chemicals in the tissue of polar bears. These materials and substances can damage the animals' internal organs, especially when the animals are not yet mature. Many people are researching polar bear health. Their goal is to gather the information that is needed to help save these animals.
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了北极熊的生存环境，全球变暖对北极熊捕食的影响以及人类排入海洋的塑料和化学制品危及到了他们的生存。
1．What does this article imply about Churchill
A．It's located in a very remote area.
B．It's attracting fewer tourists now.
C．It's surrounded by smaller towns.
D．It's dependent on the oil industry.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由第一段Churchill is out in the middle of nowhere.可知，Churchill在一个位置很偏远的地方。故A选项正确。
2．What does this article explain about polar bears
A．The ways in which they threaten people.
B．The most important elements of their diets.
C．The mating behavior that they exhibit.
D．The time of year when they give birth.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。由第一段 Then they go out onto the frozen sea to hunt ringed seals, their favorite food.(然后他们走到冰冻的海面去猎取环斑海豹，这是它们最喜欢的食物。)以及第二段Because the earth is getting warmer, the ice forms later in the year now and disappears sooner in the spring. As a result, polar bears have less time to hunt for seals.(地球正在变暖，冰形成得晚，但在春天融化得快。因此，北极熊捕食海豹的时间更少了。)可知，文章解释了北极熊饮食中最重要的元素。故B选项正确。
3．How is the polar bears' seal winter hunting season changing
A．It's starting earlier.
B．It's becoming colder.
C．It's finishing later.
D．It's getting shorter.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由第二段Because the earth is getting warmer, the ice forms later in the year now and disappears sooner in the spring. As a result, polar bears have less time to hunt for seals.可知，因为地球正在变暖，冰形成得晚，但在春天融化得快，因此北极熊捕食海豹的时间更少了。故D选项正确。
4．What can we learn about polar bears from this article
A．How they avoid traffic accidents.
B．How they learn good habits from one another.
C．How they're endangered by pollution.
D．How they find a hiding place during bad weather.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由最后一段可知，人类排入海洋的塑料和化学制品危及到了他们的生存 。故C选项正确。
B
Fabien Cousteau was born with deep love for the ocean. His grandfather and his father were ocean explorers and documentary filmmakers. Fabien spent his early years on his grandfather's ships. Today, Fabien follows in his family's footsteps to protect the planet's endangered ocean life. With his vast knowledge and experience, he tries to strike a balance between environmental problems and market economies.
Fabien is well known for his study of sharks. During 2000—2002, he created a TV special called Attack of the Mystery Shark based on the shark attacks that occurred along the New Jersey shoreline in the summer of 1916.Then in 2003—2006, with the help of a large crew, Fabien created a shark submarine (潜艇) that enabled him to put himself inside the shark world, providing people with a rare view of the mysterious and often misunderstood creatures.
For the next four years (2006—2010), Fabien was part of a series called Ocean Adventures, which offered a rare look into some of the most fantastic ocean species (物种) and environments.
In 2010, Fabien started Plant A Fish, a nonprofit project for children to help restore local water ecosystems by replanting key ocean species. Save the world, one fish at a time. The project is still in progress now and its final goal is to plant 1 billion “fish” worldwide.
From June 1 to July 2, 2014, Fabien and his team spent 31 days underwater to research how climate change and pollution are affecting the oceans. Fabien's Mission 31 broke new ground by going deeper, longer and further, exposing (显露) the world to the adventure and the mystique (神秘) of what lies beneath.
Fabien is currently working on a documentary film about the adventures of Mission 31, as well as building an Ocean Learning Center to provide children around the world with the opportunity to learn about oceans and engage with ocean explorers directly through social media.
本文是人物类短文。主要介绍了Fabien Cousteau因研究鲨鱼而出名，他要保护海洋濒临灭绝的动物，在海洋里进行探险研究。他和他的团队打破了以前的海洋探险的纪录，并拍摄了海洋生物纪录片。
5．What is Not Fabien's job
A．Ocean explorer. B．Documentary filmmaker.
C．Environmentalist. D．Media manager.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，Fabien是一个Ocean explorer(海洋探险家)、Documentary filmmaker(纪录片的导演)；根据第一段最后一句With his vast knowledge and experience, he tries to strike a balance between environmental problems and market economies.可知，他是一个Environmentalist(环境保护者)。没有提到他是媒体策划经理，故选D。
6．How is Paragraph 2 developed
A．By providing facts.
B．By offering analyses.
C．By making comparisons.
D．By drawing conclusions.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段Fabien is well known for his study of sharks. During 2000—2002...Then in 2003—2006...可知，第二段是用列举事实法叙述他研究的情况的。故选A。
7．We can learn from the text that ________.
A．Fabien's “Plant A Fish” project has already achieved its final goal
B．Fabien's Mission 31 broke the records of former ocean explorations
C．Fabien's TV special about sharks is based on his childhood experiences
D．It took Fabien four years to produce Ocean Adventures all on his own
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Fabien's Mission 31 broke new ground by going deeper, longer and further, exposing (显露) the world to the adventure and the mystique (神秘) of what lies beneath.可知，Fabien's Mission 31开辟了一条新路，他走得更深、更久、更远，把海底的冒险和神秘显示给了世人。也就是说Fabien's Mission 31打破了以前海洋探险的纪录。故选B。
8．In which part of a website can we read the text
A．Modern Technology. B．Space Exploration.
C．Outstanding Figures. D．Fantastic Wildlife.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。A.Modern Technology.现代科技；B.Space Exploration太空探险；C.Outstanding Figures.杰出人物；D.Fantastic Wildlife.神奇的野生动植物。根据整篇短文围绕Fabien在海洋的探险、保护海洋、拍摄纪录片等方面的贡献的介绍可知，本文属于人物类短文。故选C。
II.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine an area 34 times the size of Manhattan. Now imagine it covered ankle deep in plastic waste—a total of about 19 billion pounds of garbage. __1__.
“We're being overwhelmed(淹没)by our waste，”said Jenna Jambeck, an environmental engineer who led the 2015 study that determined this astonishing number. __2__， unless something is done to stop the tide of garbage.
Plastic—a widely used material—has in many ways been a benefit to humans but it has also caused a growing problem. Today, plastics are the No.1 type of garbage found in the sea. Ocean Conservancy, a nonprofit that organizes an annual coastal cleanup event worldwide, said plastic waste makes up around 85 percent of the garbage collected from beaches and oceans.
Ocean Conservancy says plastics are believed to threaten(威胁)at least 600 different wildlife species(物种). __3__； a growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. A research suggests some plastics could be poisonous to humans, and could potentially increase the risk of health problems.
__4__. At the Economist World Ocean Summit this week, ten nations announced to reduce plastic sea litter as part of UN Environment's CleanSeas campaign. __5__. Corporations also have a role, as do individuals. We can start by thinking twice before using single use plastic products—and when we do use them, we should take care to properly throw them off or recycle.
A．The following is what we should do
B．And it's not just wildlife that's threatened
C．And this figure is likely to double by 2025
D．But it's not just countries that need to do their part
E．By 2050，that figure is expected to rise to 1,000 pieces
F．That's how much plastic waste ends up in our oceans every year
G．All of us have an important role to play in dealing with the problems
本文属于议论文，介绍塑料垃圾问题越发严重，不但威胁野生动物，还影响人类自己，需要全世界通力合作。
1．F 解析：根据前一句Now imagine it covered ankle deep in plastic waste—a total of about 19 billion pounds of garbage.(想象一下它被深及脚踝的190亿磅塑料垃圾覆盖)可知，F选项“这就是每年流到海洋里面塑料垃圾的重量”与前文切题，故选F。
2．C 解析：根据后一句unless something is done to stop the tide of garbage.(除非采取一些措施来减少垃圾)可知，C选项“预计到2025年，这个数字可能翻倍”与后文形成条件关系，切题，故选C。
3．B 解析：根据后一句a growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat.可知，越来越多的证据显示人类通过食用海产品也吸收了塑料。故B选项“不仅动物受到威胁”与下文形成递进关系，切题，故选B。
4．G 解析：根据本段后文ten nations 以及Corporations 可知，这个问题需要全世界共同合作，G选项“所有人在处理这个问题上都能够起作用”切题，故选G。
5．D 解析：根据下一句Corporations also have a role, as do individuals.可知，企业和个人也有作用，D选项“不仅仅是国家可以采取措施”切题，故选D。
III.语法填空
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
They had been on __1__ (we)planets for millions of years，but 2018 was the year several species __2__ (official)died off for ever.Three bird species went extinct in 2018，two of __3__ are songbirds from northeastern Brazil. A __4__ (disturb)trend is that mainland species are starting to go extinct，rather than island species.
The species __5__ (wipe)out in the wild resulted from many factors such as the creation of dam and trapping __6__ trade.Beyond birds，other animals such as the vaquita and the northern white rhino __7__ (be)near the end.We are currently experiencing the worst species die offs since the __8__ (lose)of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago.
Although extinction is a __9__ (nature)phenomenon，it occurs at a rate of about one to five species per year.Scientists estimate we're now losing species at 1,000 to 10,000 times the rate.In the past 500 years，about 1,000 species __10__ (go) extinct.
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述导致物种灭绝的因素。
1．our
解析：考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他们一直在我们的行星里数百万年，但在2018年有几个物种正式相继灭绝。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故答案为our。
2．officially
解析：考查副词。句意：他们一直在我们的行星里数百万年，但在2018年有几个物种正式相继灭绝。副词修饰动词，故答案为officially。
3．which
解析：考查定语从句。句意：在2018年，三种鸟类灭绝，其中两个是巴西东北部的鸣禽。此处species作先行词，指物，在介词of后面用which(指物)引导定语从句，故答案为which。
4．disturbing
解析：考查形容词。句意：一个令人不安的趋势是大陆物种开始灭绝，而不是岛上的物种。此处用形容词修饰名词，故答案为disturbing。
5．wiped
解析：考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：该物种在自然环境下灭绝是由许多因素造成的，如大坝的建立和贸易陷阱。此处The species 和wipe之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词做后置定语，故答案为wiped。
6．for
解析：考查固定词组。句意：该物种在自然环境下灭绝是由许多因素造成的，如大坝的建立和贸易陷阱。trap for trade贸易陷阱。故答案为for。
7．are
解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：除了鸟，其他动物如小头鼠海豚和北部白犀牛也即将灭绝。此处指现在的情况，句子用一般现在时态，且主语是animals，复数形式，故答案为are。
8．loss
解析：考查名词。句意：我们正在经历自6 500万年前恐龙灭绝以来最严重的物种灭绝。根据the可知此处用名词形式，故答案为loss。
9．natural
解析：考查形容词。句意：尽管灭绝是一种自然现象，但它在以每年一至五种的速度发生。此处phenomenon是名词，形容词修饰名词，故答案为natural。
10．have_gone
解析：考查现在完成时态。句意：在过去的500年里，大约1 000个物种已经灭绝了。根据In the past 500 years可知句子用现在完成时态，故答案为have gone。
IV. 应用文写作
假设你是李华，你打算向校报投稿介绍生活中如何减少 浪费和污染，请根据以下要点写一篇短文，介绍环保知识。
1.在我们的日常生活中,我们都看到了环境污染的危害。
2.大多数人意识到环境保护的重要性。
3.我们必须采取行动减少浪费和污染。
4.例如，当我们离开的时候关掉灯和水龙头,尽可能多乘坐公共交通 工具，尽量使用可重复使用的餐具,等等。
5.简而言之，我们每个人都应该为环境保护做出贡献。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.尽量使用本单元知识点;
3.可适当增加细节。
Key:
In our daily life, we have seen the damage environmental pollution causes. A majority of people realize the importance of environmental protection. We have to take action to reduce waste and pollution. For example, turn off the light and tap when we leave, take public transportation as much as possible, and try to use reusable tableware, etc. In brief, each of us should make a contribution to environmental protection.
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