2022届高考英语二轮复习：用形容词副词讲解与练习（无答案）

形容词副词讲解与练习
一、多个形容词排序
关系最密切的形容词， 最靠近被修饰的名词。归纳口诀如下：
限定描绘大长高，形状年龄与新老，颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。
即：限定词(冠词、代词、数词等)＋ 描绘性形容词(beautiful, interesting…)＋大小、长短、高低形容词＋形状、年龄、新旧形容词＋颜色、国籍、出处、材料形容词＋用途、类别形容词＋ 中心名词。如：
①a big round conference table 一张大的圆会议桌
②a small shiny black leather handbag 一只小的闪亮的黑色皮包
③a blue German sports car 一辆蓝色德国跑车
④her charming small round pink face 她的迷人的红润的小圆脸
二. 词形比较
(1)以“ly”结尾的词，一般是副词，但是下列单词以“ly”结尾，却是形容词：
deadly　致命的 friendly 友好的 lonely 孤单的
likely 可能的 lovely 可爱的 lively 愉快的
brotherly 兄弟般的 fatherly 父亲似的 ugly 难看的
silly 愚蠢的
(2) 有些副词既可无“ly”，又可有“ly”，但是他们的意义和用法有区别：
一般说来，无“ly”的副词表示具体的、特定的意义，如：close近，靠近；而有“ly”的副词表示抽象、广泛的意义，如：closely 仔细地，亲密地，密切地。
late晚，迟，lately最近，近来；
deep深，表示空间深度，deeply深深地，时常表示感情上的深度；
wide表示空间宽度，widely广泛地； free免费，freely 无限制地；
dead完全，绝对，deadly非常(deadly tired)； pretty相当，prettily漂亮地；
most 最，十分，mostly主要地，绝大多数。
三．比较句型
规则1：
(1) Tom works __as _hard_ as__(一样努力) Mary.
He is as tall as his father.
(2) He doesn't read __as/so_ clearly__(一样清楚) as she.
He speaks English as fluently as an Englishman.
归 纳 总 结
原级句型：
1、A与B 相同/不同：as + 形容词/副词原级 + as…;
在否定句或疑问句中可用so+ 形容词/副词原级 + as, 即not as/so+ 形容词/副词原级 +as。
如:He can’t run so/as fast as you. It’s not as/so warm as yesterday.
(3) Bob has read __as_many_books_as__(一样多的书) Mary. 鲍伯和玛丽读了一样多的书。
(4) Bread is __as_important_food_as__(一样重要的食物) rice.
There is as much water in this bottle as in that bottle. 这瓶子里的水和那瓶子里的水一样多。
He has as much money as she does.他和她的钱一样多
This is as good an example as the other is.
归 纳 总 结 as＋形容词＋名词＋as”
as much＋不可数名词＋as，
as many＋可数名词复数＋as
as＋形容词＋a(n)＋单数名词＋as”
规则2：形容词/副词比较级＋than的句型：
劣等比较： …less + 形容词/副词原级 + than …
the＋形容词/副词比较级＋of the two(＋名词)”, 表示“两者中较……的一个”。
(5) Mary works harder than John(does) (比John勤奋).
She is more careful than he.她比他细心多了。 He is less careful than she. 他没她细心。
(6)She sings far/much_ better(好得多) than the others.
(7)Tom's bike is more _expensive _than_ Jim's(比Jim的昂贵)(＝Jim's bike).
(8)The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai(比上海的气候)．
(9)He is the _taller(较高的) of the two.
The taller of the two boys is my brother.
He is the cleverer of the two boys.两个男孩中他更聪明些。
归 纳 总 结
1、比较级前可用much, far, a lot, a great deal ,a good deal, any(有点、多)、a little, a bit, rather，even, still,等表示程度，特别注意：quite也可修饰比较级，表示“……得多”，但通常只限于修饰better。
注意:
① 修饰可数名词的比较级不用much, 而用many, 如many more books; 修饰不可数名词的比较级用much, 如much more work, “更多的工作”
He's quite better now.他现在好多了。
2、比较的对象要一致。一般说来，同等的两个事物才能比较，如：(7)、(8)。
3、比较级范围是由of引出两者之间的比较，比较级前要用定冠词，如：(9)。
规则3：最高级句型(只用于三者或以上的比较)。
the + 形容词/副词最高级（单数名词或one）+ ｛of(among) + 人或物｝同类范畴用of,
｛in + 场所｝不同类用in。
当用介词短语表明形容词最高级的比较范围，作介词宾语的名词或代词与句中的主语属同一类人或物，并把主语包括在内时，用介词of；如不属于同一类人或物，而只说明在某一时间、空间范围内的比较时，用介词in。如：
He is the tallest of the four boys. ( He 与boy属同类)
He is the tallest in our class. ( He与 class不属同类)
(11)Shanghai is one of the biggest cities(最大的城市) in the world.
He is the tallest in the class.他是班上最高的。
(12) He is a brightest student(非常聪明的学生).
(13) He is the_second_tallest_boy(第二高的男孩) in our class.
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
This is by far the best.
This is much the most important.
He works (the) hardest of all the students in the class.
归 纳 总 结
1、形容词最高级要加the，如：(11)。副词最高级前一般有the，也可省略。
2不表示比较，也没有表示比较范围的状语，最高级前用a 时，作“十分”、“非常”解，如：(12)。
3、最高级可用 by far，much，almost，nearly及序数词修饰，表示程度或顺序,置于最高级之前，如：(13)。
用Of, than, in, as填空。
1. This table is as big that one.
2. The yellow book is bigger the blue one.
3. Tom is the best student the class.
4. This lesson is more interesting that one.
5. This apple is the largest all the apples.
规则4：倍数表达法的三种基本句式，
(14) 我们的新房子是旧房子的3倍大。
Our new house was three_times_as_large_as the old one.
Our new house was twice_larger_than the old one.
Our new house was three_times_the_size_of the old one.
归 纳 总 结
①A is倍数/分数/百分数＋as＋原级＋as B.
②A is倍数/分数/百分数＋比较级＋than B.
③A is倍数/分数/百分数＋the size/length/weight/height/depth… of B．。
规则5：一些习惯用语与句型。
(15)The_higher the temperature (is), the_greater is the pressure. (温度越高，压力越大。)
The more medicine I take, the worse I seem to feel.
(16)Our life is getting better_and_better(越来越好).
归 纳 总 结
1、“the＋形容词/副词比较级，the＋形容词/副词比较级”表示“越……，越……”。表示程度的平行增长，如：(15)。
2、“形容词/副词比较级＋and＋形容词/副词比较级”表示“越来越……”。如(16)。
在“比较级＋and＋比较级”结构中，单音节形容词或副词用“形容词/副词-er＋and＋形容词/副词-er”结构，多音节形容词和副词常用“more and more＋形容词或副词原级”结构。这种结构后不可接than引导的从句。
Things are getting better and better every day. 情况将一天天好起来。
She plays the piano more and more beautifully.
It's becoming more and more difficult to find a job. 找工作越来越困难了。
Holiday flight tickets are getting less and less expensive. 假期的机票越来越便宜了。
注意:
from bad to worse/worse and worse 越来越糟
to make matters worse/what was worse/worse than all/worse than ever 更糟的是
如:Things are getting from bad to worse/worse and worse.
The car broke down when I was driving home from work, and to make matters worse it was pouring with rain.
(17)The average cost of one day in a hospital in that country can run as_high_as(高达)$400.
as long as 只要；有……之久 as far as 到……(地点)；就……而言
as high as 高达……(程度) as well as 既……又
as good as 和……一样好，几乎
(18)Air is to man what water is to fish.(空气与人的关系如同水和鱼的关系。)
A is to B what C is to D. A 和B 的关系就像C和D的关系，如：(18)。
(19)Mr. Li is more_than our English teacher. (李先生不只是我们的英语老师。)
(20)That little girl is more_tired_than_hungry.
那个小女孩是累了而不是饿了。(与其说那小女孩饿了，还不如说她累了。)
He is more diligent than clever.
more＋原级/名词＋than＋原级/名词, 意为“与其说是……不如说是……”。
【注意】比较级相关习语
1. more than
more than＋数词 多于, 超过 more than＋名词　 不仅仅是
more than＋形容词 非常, 很
more than＋含有情态动词的从句 超过了……的范围
more A than B 与其说……倒不如说……
2. no more than(＝only) 仅仅, 只有 not more than(＝at most) 不超过, 至多
3.less than 不到……, 少于……
no less than(＝as much as) 多达, 不少于 not less than(＝at least) 至少
more or less(＝almost, nearly, about) 基本上, 差不多; 或多或少
sooner or later　 迟早, 早晚, 总有一天
4. no more…than… 和……一样不……。 如：no richer than 和……一样穷(不富裕)
not more…than…不比……更……。 如：not more diligent than…不比……更勤奋
no less… than ＝ as much as 和……一样多……。如：no less money than…和……一样多的钱
no fewer… than ＝ as many as 和……一样多。如： no fewer friends than 和……一样多的朋友
“no＋比较级＋than...”意为“都不”, 是对两者的共同否定,
not＋比较级＋than...”意为“不及”, 表示前者不如后者。
如: He is no taller than I.
My handwriting is not better than yours.
(21)You can never_be_careful enough.＝ You can never be too careful.
can't … too ＋ adj. ＝ can't …＋ adj. ＋ enough 无论……都不为过，
表示不同程度比较时，句子主语不能包括在比较对象的范围之内。
He studies harder than any other student in his class
anyone else
all the other students
any of the other students
他比班上其他学生学习用功。(他本身也是学生不能用any students来表示比较对象的范围)
比较级＋than＋ any other+单数名词
all (the) other+复数名词
anyone else
any of the other+复数名词
the rest of+复数名词或不可数名词
规则5：比较级形式表达最高级含义
否定词＋比较级
【拓展】试比较以下两句：
This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.
This book couldn’t be more interesting! 这本书太有意思了！
（形容词和副词的比较级，用于否定句，表达最高级含义）
Your story is perfect；I've never heard a better one before.
你的故事太完美了，我从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。
(10)There is no_ greater _love(最伟大的爱) than that given by parents in the world.
“nothing/nobody...＋比较级＋than”意为“没有……更/最”。如:
Nothing is better than a hot drink on a cold winter day.
规则6：which/who +is +比较级
Which city is bigger, Beijing or Tianjin
Who is happier, you or me
规则7：“one of the＋最高级＋可数名词复数＋比较范围”表示“……中最……的……之一”。 New York is one of the biggest cities in America.
纽约是美国最大的城市之一。
形容词和副词比较级、最高级的变化规则
1．一般单音节词和少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est；
（1）单音节词
如：small→ smaller→ smallest short→ shorter→ shortest
tall→ taller→ tallest great→ greater→ greatest
（2）双音节词
如：clever→ cleverer→ cleverest narrow→ narrower→ narrowest
2．以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st；
如：large→ larger→ largest nice→ nicer→ nicest
able→ abler→ ablest
3．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；
如：big→ bigger→ biggest hot→ hotter→ hottest
fat→ fatter→ fattest
4．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词， 把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；
如：easy→ easier→ easiest heavy→ heavier→ heaviest
busy→ busier→ busiest happy→ happier→ happiest
5．其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most；
如：beautiful→ more beautiful→ most beautiful
different→ more different→ most different
easily→ more easily→ most easily
注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。
例句： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.
（2） 形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。
It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem.
6．有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。
如：good→ better→ best well→ better→ best
bad/ badly→ worse→ worst ill→ worse→ worst
old→ older/elder→ oldest/eldest
many/much→ more→ most little→ less→ least
far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest
形容词变副词的规则及练习：
具体规则如下：
1.一般情况下直接加“ly”，如：
quick-quickly; polite-politely; sad-sadly;
immediate-immediately; recent-recently
2. 少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。如：true-truly; due-duly
绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的形容词直接加-ly。如：
polite-politely; wide-widely; wise-wisely; nice-nicely
3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，且读音为 / i /， 先将“y”改成“i”，再加“ly”，如：
happy-happily; heavy-heavily; angry-angrily; busy-busily
但是如果读音为 / ai /， 直接加ly，如：dry-dryly; sly-slyly; shy---shyly
4.以ic 结尾的词，加ally，如：
economic-economically; basic-basically; scientific-scientifically; automatic-automatically; energetic-energetically; 但是public-publicly 例外。
5.以辅音字母加le结尾时,去e加y，如：
simple-simply; considerable-considerably; terrible-terribly
gentle-gently; possible-possibly; probable-probably;
incredible-incredibly comfortable—comfortably
元音字母加le时加 ly，如：sole-solely。但是whole-wholly例外。
6. 以-ll结尾时，只须加 –y，如：dull-dully; shrill-shrilly
需注意: 有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如：friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，motherly仍为形容词。
形容词变副词通常是加ly,其变化有规律可循,请记住以下口诀：
一般直接加，“元e”去e加，“辅y”改i加，“le”结尾e改y。
7.本身既是形容词也是副词，无需改变
fast----fast early----early high----high hard----hard
late----late far----far wide----wide alone----alone
改错
1. Timmy plays basketball bad.
2. Everyone should keep quite in the library.
3. The old man walked into the bedroom slow.
4. Mrs Green looked angry at her daughter.
（安徽卷）33. It’s said that the power plant is now ______ large as what it was.
A. twice as B. as twice C. twice much D. much twice
（江西卷）26. There are a small number of people involved, possibly ______twenty.
A. as few as B. as little as C. as many as D. as much as
（辽宁卷）33. This is by far ______ movie that I have ever seen.
A. an inspiring B. a much inspiring C. the most inspiring D. the more inspiring
（上海卷）28. It’s a ______ clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.
A. charming French small B. French small charming
C. small French charming D. charming small French
【全国新课程】29. This restaurant wasn't that other restaurant we went to.
A. half as good as B. as half good as
C. as good as half D. good as half as
形容词副词比较级最高级练习
I. 单选。
1. John is my friend of all the classmates.
A. good B. better C. best D. the best
2. E-mailing is much than long-distance calling.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest
3. Beijing is one of cities in China.
A. very beautiful B. much beautiful C. more beautiful D. the most beautiful
4. The Yellow River isn’t so as the Changjiang River.
A. long B. longest C. longer D. the longest
5. The coat I bought last week is too big for me. I’d like to change it for a one.
A. small B. larger C. nicer D. smaller
6. Who is the , Jim, Li Lei or Ling Feng
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. much taller
7. Of all the students, Wu Dong runs .
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. most fast
8. He has grown to take care of himself.
A. tall enough B. enough tall C. old enough D. enough old
9. Tom draws better than his brother.
A. more B. most C. many D. much
10. Who does homework in your class
A. carefully B. most carefully C. more carefully D. as carefully as
II. 用适当形式填空：
1. Bob is_________ ( young ) than Fred but ___________ (tall) than Fred.
2. Ying tian is not as ___________(tall) as Yongxian.
3. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _______(fat) than before .
4.Which is _________(heavy), a hen or a chicken
5.-- How_________ (tall) is Sally
-- She' s 1.55 metres________ (tall). What about Xiaoling
-- She' s only 1.40 metres ________(tall). She is much_______(short) than Sally.
She is also the _______ (short) girl in the class
6. He is ______ (bad) at learning maths. He is much_______ (bad) at Chinese and he is the_________ (bad) at English.
7. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world.
8.He is one of the_________(friendly) people in the class, I think.
9. A dictionary is much _________ (expensive) than a story-book.
10. An orange ia a little ______ (big) than an apple, but much ________ (small) than a watermelon.
11. The Changjiang River is the_______ (long) river in China.
12. Sue is a little ___________ (beautiful) than her sister.
13.My room is not as_________(big) as my brother' s.
14.--How difficult is physics
--I' m not sure.
-- Is it ________ (difficult) than maths
-- I don' t think so.
15.-- Annie plays the piano very ___________ (well).
-- Sue plays it _____ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _______(well).
16. Saturday is my _________ (busy) day in a week.
17. Her mother is getting ____________(fat) and ________ (fat).
18. I think it' s too expensive. I' d like a _____________ (cheap) one.
19. He comes to school much ____________ (early) than I.
20.This book is not as _____________ (interesting) as that one.
21. Your classroom is __________(wide) and ___________(bright) than ours.
22. Practise as __________ (much) as you can.
23. The ________ (much), the ____________ (good).
24. Nowadays(现在) English is ________( important ) than any other subject.
25. Most of the students think a lion is much ________(dangerous) than a bear and it is the __________ (dangerous) animal in the world.
III.改错：
1. He is as taller as I am.
2. She is a little thiner than she looks.
3. Bob is heavier than any other boys in the class.
4.The girls study the better than the boy.
5. It is one of the most interesting book than I have ever read.
6. He says Mary is most friendliest person in the class.
7. Which city is most beautiful, Beijing or Guangzhou
8. Jack works hard. Mike works very harder than Jack.
9. London is the bigger city in Britain.
10.Bob plays football badly but Fred plays football much badlier than Bob.