人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 2 Bridging Cultures课件（81张ppt）

(共81张PPT)
Ⅰ.核心单词
(A)写作词汇—写词形
1.　　　　 adj.复杂的;难懂的;(语法)复合的
2.　　　　 vt.& vi.记起;回想起
3.　　　　 vt.引用;引述
4.　　　　 vi.参加;参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)
5.　　　　 n.(有别于周围的)地区;地带;区域
6.　 　　　 n.思乡病;乡愁
7.　　　　 n.公司;商行;事务所 adj.结实的;牢固的;坚定的
8.　　　　 n.洞察力;眼光
9.　　　　 n.环境;背景;(小说等的)情节背景
complex
recall
cite
engage
zone
homesickness
firm
insight
setting
10.　　　　 vt.理解;领会;抓紧
11.　　　　 adj.巨大的;突然的;急剧的;喜剧(般)的
12.　　　　 adj.成熟的
13.　　　　 vt.否认;否定;拒绝
14.　　　　 vt.获得;赢得;取得;增加 n.好处;增加
15.　　　　 n.腰带;地带
16.　　　　 n.倡议;新方案
17.　　　　 n.预算
18.　　　　 adj.合乎逻辑的;合情合理的
19.　　　　 n.结果;效果
grasp
dramatic
mature
deny
gain
belt
initiative
budget
logical
outcome
(B)阅读词汇—明词义
1.tutor n.　　　 　
2.messenger n.　　　　
3.overwhelming adj.　　 　　
4.tremendous adj.　 　　　
5.boom vi.& n.　 　　　
6.perspective n.　　　　
7.envoy n.　 　　　
8.angle n.　　　　
9.outlook n.　 　　　
（英国大学中的）助教；导师；家庭教师
送信人；信使
无法抗拒的；巨大的；压倒性的
巨大的；极大的
迅速发展；繁荣
（思考问题的）角度；观点
使者；使节；代表
角；角度；立场
前景；可能性；观点
(C)拓展词汇—灵活用
1.　　　　 vt.& vi.(使)具备资格;(使)合格→　　　　 n.(通过考试或学习课
程取得的)资格;学历
2.　　　　 n.追求的目标;夙愿;野心;抱负→　　　　 adj.有野心的;有雄心
的→　　　　 adv.野心勃勃地;雄心勃勃地
3.　 　　　 n.适应;改编本→　　　　 v.(使)适应;改编
4.　　　　 n.安慰;令人感到安慰的人或事物;舒服;安逸 vt.安慰;抚慰→
　　 　 adj.使人舒服的;舒适的→　　 　　 adv.舒适地;安逸地
5.　　　　 n.参加;参与→　 　　　 vi.参加;参与→　　 　　 n.参与者
6.　 　　　 n.报告;陈述;出示;拿出→　　　　 vt.正式出席;展示;提出 adj.现
在的;出席的;存在的 n.礼物
qualify
qualification
ambition
ambitious
ambitiously
adaptation
adapt
comfort
comfortable
comfortably
participation
participate
participant
presentation
present
7.　　　　 vt.包含;需要;涉及;影响;(使)参加→　　　　 adj.参与的;有关联的
→　　　　 n.参与;加入;插手
8.　　　　 n.(报纸、杂志)一份;(广播、电视节目)一期、一辑;版次→　　
v.编辑;剪辑→　　　　 n.(书籍的)编辑,校订者
9.　　　　 vt.成为……的动机;激发;激励→　　　　 adj.积极的;主动的→
　　　 n.动力;积极性;动机
10.　　　　 n.顾问→　　　　 v.建议;劝告→　　　　 n.建议;劝告
11.　　　　 adj.有道理的;合情理的→　　　　 v.推理;推论;思考 n.原因;理
由
12.　　　　 n.期望;预期;期待→　　　　 v.期待;预料→　　　　 adj.
出乎意料的
involve
involved
involvement
edition
edit
editor
motivate
motivated
motivation
advisor/adviser
advise
advice
reasonable
reason
expectation
expect
unexpected
13.　　　　 n.申请人→　　　　 v.申请;应用;使用;涂,敷→　 　　　 n.申
请表;应用;涂抹;敷用
14.　　　　 vt.使接触;使体验;显露;使暴露于(险境)→　　　　 n.接触;体验;
暴露;揭露
15.　　　　 n.离开;启程;出发→　　　　 v.离开;起程;出发
16.　　　　 n.费用;花费;开销→　　　　 adj.昂贵的
17.　　　　 vt.表现 vi.& vt.表现得体;有礼貌→　　　　 n.行为,举止;态度;表
现方式
18.　　　　 adj.周围的;附近的→　　　　 v.包围;环绕→　　　 　 n.
[pl.]环境;周围的事物
19.　　　　 vt.使沮丧;使忧愁→　　　　 adj.沮丧的;意志消沉的→　 　　
adj.令人沮丧的→　　　　 n.沮丧;消沉;抑郁
applicant
apply
application
expose
exposure
departure
depart
expense
expensive
behave
behavior
surrounding
surround
surroundings
depress
depressed
depressing
depression
20.　　　　 vi.& vt.加强;增强;巩固→　　　　 adj.强壮的;强烈的;强劲的→
　　　　 n.力气;长处;强项
21.　　　　 adj.乐观的→　　　　 n.乐观;乐观主义→　　　　 n.乐观主
义者
22.　　　　 n.能力;胜任;本领 →　　　　 adj.有能力的;称职的
23.　　　　 vi.合作;协作;配合→　　 　　 adj.合作的;协作的;同心协力的→
　　　　 n.合作;协作;配合
24.　　　　 adv.真诚地;诚实地→　　　　 adj.真诚的;诚挚的;诚恳的
strengthen
strong
strength
optimistic
optimism
optimist
competence
competent
cooperate
cooperative
cooperation
sincerely
sincere
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.　　　　　 适应
2.　　　　　　 习惯于
3.　　　　　 大声点说;明确表态
4.　　　　　　　 舒服自在;不拘束
5.　　　　　　 (使)从事;参与
6.　　　　　　　 参加;参与
7.　　　　　　　　 参与;卷入;与……有关联
8.　　　　　　　　 舒适区;舒适范围
9.　　　　　　　　 爱上
10.　　　　　　　　 注意
11.　　　　　　　　 (使)花一大笔钱
adapt to
get used to
speak up
feel at home
engage in
participate in
get involved in
comfort zone
fall in love with
pay attention to
cost an arm and a leg
12.　　　　 支持;站在……的一边
13.　　　　　　　　 据我所知
14.　　　　　　　　 就我而言;依我看来
15.　　　　　　 总的来说;总之
16.　　　　　　　　 一般来说
17.act as　　　　　　　　
18.get familiar with...　　　　　　　　
19.stick to　　　　
20.be keen on　　　　
21.end up doing sth.　　　　　　　　
22.in addition　　　　　　　　
23.look forward to　　　　　　　　
side with
as far as I know
as far as I am concerned
in summary
generally speaking
充当，担任
变得对……熟悉
坚持
喜爱
以做某事而结束
另外，此外
盼望，期待
24.contribute to...　 　　　　　　　
25.to sum up　 　　　　　　　
26.cooperate with　　　　　　　　
27.be competent with　　　　　　　　
28.in turn　　　　　　　　
29.as a result　　　　　　　　
30.that is to say　　　　　　　　
为……做贡献；是……的原因之一
总之；概括起来说
与……合作
足以胜任……的
相应地；转而
结果，因此
也就是说
Ⅲ.经典结构
1.这是她第一次离开中国。
It was the first time that she 　　　　 China.
2.“我非常兴奋,但也很紧张。我不知道该期待什么,”谢蕾回忆道。
“I was very excited but also quite nervous. I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ,”
Xie Lei recalled.
3.她第一次写论文时,导师跟她解释说,如果引用别人的观点就一定要注明他们说
的内容,不过导师主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的!
　　　　　　　　　 she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must
acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly
wanted to know what she thought!
had left
didn’t know what to expect
The first time that
4.入乡随俗。
　　　　　　　　 , do as the Romans do.
5.在过去的几十年里,出国留学的人数有了巨大的增长。
　　　　　　　　　　　 , 　　　　　　　 a dramatic increase in the number
of people studying abroad.
6.随着中国的繁荣,教育环境已经显著改善,现在有很多好大学可以上。
As China has boomed, the educational environment has improved significantly,
　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 now 　　　　 .
7.如果有外国留学生访问你们学校,你能用你学到的知识和他们交流吗
If 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 your school, can you use what you have
learnt to communicate with them
When in Rome
In the past few decades
there has been
with many great universities
available
there are overseas students visiting
Ⅳ.长难句分析
1.Although some foreign students live in campus accommodation, Xie Lei chose to
live with a host family, who can help with her adaptation to the new culture.
分析:这是一个主从复合句。Although引导　　　 状语从句,who引导　　 　
从句。定语从句中包含短语help with sth.,意为“帮助做某事”。
句意:尽管有些外国学生在校住宿,但谢蕾选择和一个寄宿家庭住在一起,他们能
帮助她适应新的文化。
2.A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits,
young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to!
分析:这是一个主从复合句。that引导　　　　 从句;while引导　　　　 状语
从句;does置于动词原形have前表示　　　　 ,意为“　　　　 ”;who 引导
　　　　 从句,修饰先行词young people。
让步
定语
表语
让步
强调
确实/真的
定语
句意:最后需要考虑的一点是,尽管出国留学确实有潜在的好处,但是在中国国内
学习的年轻人也一样有美好的未来可以期待!
3.Therefore, China needs more talented young people with a global perspective who
are highly competent with languages, have leadership and organisational skills, and
have strong cultural awareness.
分析:这是一个主从复合句。with a global perspective为介词短语,作young people
的　　　　　 ;who 引导分隔式　　　　 从句,修饰先行词　　　 　　 。
句意:因此,中国需要更多有才华的、有国际视野的、精通多种语言、有领导能
力和组织能力以及有强烈文化意识的年轻人。
后置定语
定语
young people
Ⅴ.必备语法
名词性从句的复习
1.At first, Xie Lei had no idea 　　　　 she should say, but 　　　　 surprised
her was 　　　　 she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.
2.　　　　 important 　　　　 Xie Lei keeps a balance between her studies
and her social life.
3.　　　　 he was forgetting his mother tongue worried him a bit.
4.　　　　 the school denied his application is still unknown.
5.　　　　 remains to be seen 　　　　 my research paper will be well re-
ceived.
what
what
that
It’s
that
That
Why
It
whether
　　　　　　adaptation n.适应;改编本
Although some foreign students live in campus accommodation, Xie Lei chose to live
with a host family, who can help with her adaptation to the new culture. (教材P14)
尽管有些外国学生在学校住宿,但谢蕾选择和一个寄宿家庭住在一起,他们可以
帮助她适应新的文化。
情景导学
The Midnight Sky is adapted from Lily Brooks-Dalton's novel by Mark L. Smith, the
co-screenwriter of The Revenant.《午夜天空》由马克·L·史密斯改编自莉莉·布鲁
克斯-道尔顿的小说,他也是《荒野猎人》的共同编剧。
The writer adapted his novel for the screen.
这位作家将他的小说改编成了电影。
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It took him quite a while to adapt himself to his new life.
他花了好长一段时间才使自己适应了新生活。
归纳拓展
①　　　　 v.(使)适应;改编
②adapt (oneself) 　　　　 (doing) sth.(使某人自己)适应(做)某事
③adapt...　　　　 ... 把……改编成……
④adapt...　　　　 ...根据……改编……
⑤adaptable adj.有适应能力的
⑥be adaptable to... 能适应……的
adapt
to
for
from
单句语法填空
1-1 (2020全国Ⅲ,书面表达, )However, the 　　　　 (adapt) is quite a chal-
lenge.
解析　考查名词。句意:然而,这个改编是一个相当大的挑战。分析句子结构可
知,谓语动词is前应用名词作主语。故填adaptation。
1-2 (2020全国Ⅲ,阅读理解D, )People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to
　　　　 (live) at high altitudes.
解析　考查非谓语动词。句意:埃塞俄比亚高地的人们已经适应了在高海拔地区
生活。动词短语adapt to意为“适应”,后接名词或动名词作宾语。故填living。
adaptation
living
1-3 (2019上海春,听力改编, )According to some psychologists, intelligence is
the ability to learn from experience, adapt 　　　　 new situations, and use
knowledge to change one's environment.
解析　考查介词。句意:根据某些心理学家的观点,智力是从经验中学习、适应
新情况以及运用知识改变个人环境的能力。adapt to为固定短语,意为“适
应”。故填to。
1-4 (2019课标全国Ⅰ,阅读理解D改编, )The most liked kids tended to be more
　　　　 (adapt).
解析　考查形容词。句意:最受人喜爱的孩子往往适应力更强。根据空前的be,
可知此处应用形容词。故填adaptable,意为“有适应能力的”。
to
adaptable
1-5 (2017江苏,阅读理解D, )So even if emissions were to begin to decrease to-
day,we would still face the challenge of 　　　　 (adapt)to climate change.
解析　考查动名词。句意:所以即使如今排放开始减少,我们仍然会面临着适应
气候变化的挑战。此处包含固定短语adapt to,意为“适应”。空前有介词of, 故
用adapt的动名词形式。
adapting
　　　　　　comfort n.安慰;令人感到安慰的人或事物;舒服;安逸 vt.安
慰;抚慰
“When I miss home, I feel comforted to have a second family,” Xie Lei said.(教材
P14)“当我想家时,有第二个家庭让我感觉得到了安慰,”谢蕾说。
情景导学
No matter what your relationship is at the end of the year, you can take comfort
knowing you acted like an adult and treated your roommate with respect.
年末无论你们的关系如何,当你知道自己表现得像个成年人并且尊重你的室友
时,你会得到安慰。
Here you can find everything you need to travel in comfort.
想要舒舒服服地旅游,在这儿你能找到需要的一切。
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The girl was not able to feel comfortable in the presence of so many strangers.这么多
陌生人在场,这个女孩儿感觉不舒服。
归纳拓展
①comfort 意为“舒适,安慰,安逸”时为　　　　　　　　 ,意为“令人感到安
慰的人或事物;舒适的设施”时为可数名词。comfort还可用作及物动词。
②comfortable adj.舒服的;使人舒服的
feel/be 　　　　　　　　 感觉舒服的
③　　　　 comfort 舒服地
④comfort zone 舒适区
不可数名词
comfortable
in
单句改错
2-1 (2019天津,阅读表达改编, )My friend is my sunshine, because he brings me
joy and gives me a lot of comforts.
解析　句意:我的朋友是我的阳光,因为他给我带来快乐并给予我很多安慰。此
处comfort意为“安慰”,是不可数名词。
2-2 (2016浙江,七选五, )Great things happen when you step out of your com-
fortable zone, and you would be surprised on how many chances exist if you just ask.
解析　此处指当你走出你的舒适区的时候,美好的事情就会发生。comfort zone
为固定词组,意为“舒适区”。
comforts改为comfort
comfortable改为comfort
单句语法填空
2-3 (2020全国新高考Ⅰ,七选五, )People want to listen to someone who is in-
teresting, relaxed and 　 　　　 (comfort).
解析　考查形容词。句意:人们想听有趣、轻松、舒服的人说话。连词and连接
并列的形容词作表语。故填comfortable。
2-4 (2017天津,阅读表达改编, )Alice's father 　　　　 (comfort) her when
she felt depressed.
解析　考查动词的时态。句意:当艾丽斯感到沮丧的时候,她的父亲安慰了她。
根据后面的felt可知设空处应该使用一般过去时。
2-5 (2016天津,阅读理解A, )They are collected from the airport upon arrival
and brought to their accommodation 　　　　 comfort.
解析　考查介词。句意:他们刚到就被从机场接走了,然后被舒适地带到了他们
的住处。in comfort意为“舒适地”,在句中作状语。
comfortable
comforted
in
　　　　　　participation n.参加;参与
Xie Lei also found many courses included students' participation in class as part of
the final result.(教材P15)谢蕾还发现很多课程都把学生的课堂参与作为最终成绩
的一部分。
情景导学
The test in Luohu is a large-scale test of digital currency that for the first time ordi-
nary consumers participated in, which shows the digital currency has taken an impor-
tant step forward.
罗湖区的测试是普通消费者首次参与的一次数字货币的大规模测试,这表明数字
货币向前迈出了重要一步。
Several experts will participate as technical advisers.
几位专家将作为技术顾问参加。
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All the participants were required to sign in as they entered the hall to attend the
meeting.所有的参与者在他们进入大厅参会时均须签到。
归纳拓展
①　 　　　 vi.参与;参加
②participate 　　　　 (doing) sth. 参与(做)某事
③participate 　　　　 ... 以……身份参加
④　　 　　 n.参与者
participate
in
as
participant
单句语法填空
3-1 (2020全国新高考Ⅰ,阅读理解D改编, )In the first experiment, 95 under-
graduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上) partici-
pate 　　　　 a study about movie viewership.
解析　考查固定短语。句意:在第一个实验中,95名女大学生被分别邀请到一个
实验室里,表面上参与一项关于电影观众类型的调查。participate in参与,为固定
短语。故填in。
3-2 (2019课标全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C, )Data collected from the device could be
used to recognize different 　 　　　 (participate) based on how they typed, with
very low error rates.
解析　考查名词及其复数形式。句意:从这个装置中收集的数据可以用来根据他
们的打字方式来识别不同的参与者,错误率很低。设空处作recognize的宾语,应
用名词形式。再根据they typed可知此处是在描述人的动作,故用participant,意为
“参与者”,是可数名词,依据空前的different可知应该用复数形式。
in
participants
3-3 (2016江苏,书面表达, )Things will turn for the better if we can work out
some 　　 　　 (participate) rules for people to obey.
解析　考查名词。句意:如果我们能制订出一些参与规则让人们遵守,事情将会
好转。根据空后的rules可知此空作定语,修饰rules。participation 是名词,名词作
定语说明被修饰词的类别、用途等。
3-4 (2016江苏,阅读理解B, )From the earliest ages, they desire to help others, to
share information and to participate in 　　　　 (achieve) common goals.
解析　考查动名词。此处指他们渴望帮助其他人、分享信息以及参与实现共同
目标。participate in后接动名词,故填achieving。
participation
achieving
　　　　　　engage vi.参加;参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)
“Engaging in British culture has helped,” she said. (教材P15)
“参与英国文化有帮助,”她说。
情景导学
(China Daily,2020年12月)The lander-ascender combination will execute a soft land-
ing on the moon and engage in automatic sampling.着陆器和上升器组合体将在月
球上实现软着陆,并进行自动采样。
Government agencies began to use Weibo to better engage with the public. 政府部门
开始使用微博,以更好地与公众建立密切联系。
They are engaged in talks with the Irish government.
他们正忙着与爱尔兰政府谈判。
The line is engaged. 电话占线。
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His engaging personality made him popular with his peers.
他有趣的个性使他很受同龄人欢迎。
归纳拓展
①　　　　 adj.有趣的;令人愉快的;迷人的
　　　　 adj.忙于;从事于;(电话线)被占用的;已订婚的
②engage 　　　　 参加,参与(活动);从事
③engage 　　　　 与……建立密切关系;尽力理解
④be engaged 　　　　 (doing) sth. 忙于(做)某事;从事某事
engaging
engaged
in
with
in
单句语法填空
4-1 (2020天津,完形填空, )Just a few days after the signs went up, he found
people sitting there and engaging 　　　　 active and joyful conversations.
解析　考查固定搭配。句意:就在标牌挂起来几天后,他发现人们坐在那里,进行
着活跃而愉快的交谈。engage in参加,参与;从事。故填in。
4-2 (2019课标全国Ⅰ,阅读理解D, )Those who were highest in status in high
school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage
　　　　 dangerous and risky behavior.”
解析　考查固定搭配。句意:那些在高中地位最高的人和那些在小学最不受喜欢
的人“最可能参与危险及冒险行为”。此处包含短语engage in,意为“参与”。
in
in
4-3 (2019北京,语法填空C, )The students benefitting most from college are
those who are totally 　　　　 (engage) in academic life, taking full advantage of
the college's chances and resources(资源).
解析　考查词性转换。句意:从大学中受益最多的学生是那些完全忙于学术生
活,同时充分利用大学的机会和资源的人。be engaged in意为“忙于,从事于”。
4-4 (2019天津,阅读理解A, )Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition
makes understanding history exciting, 　　　　 (engage), and fun!
解析 考查词性转换。句意:桑顿中学历史公平竞赛使理解历史变得激动人心、
令人愉快并且有趣!engaging作形容词,意为“令人愉快的,迷人的”。
engaged
engaging
　　　　　　involve vt.包含;需要;涉及;影响;(使)参加
As well as studying hard, I've been involved in social activities. (教材P15)除了努力
学习之外,我还参加社交活动。
情景导学
(China Daily, 2020年12月)A coffee shop called HINICHIJOU in Shanghai has gone
viral among netizens because of its quirky service which involves an employee wear-
ing a furry bear claw to serve customers through a hole in the wall.上海一家名为
HINICHIJOU的咖啡店因为其奇特的服务在网民中走红,它需要员工戴着毛茸茸
的熊爪通过墙上的一个洞为顾客服务。
Don't involve other people in our trouble.
不要把别人卷入到我们的麻烦里。
|
The rapid development of the computer and the Internet technology makes it much
easier for people to be involved in the project.电脑和互联网技术的迅速发展使人
们更容易参与到这项工程中。
归纳拓展
①　　　　 sb. in... 使某人参与到……中;把某人牵涉(或牵扯)到……里
②be/get/become 　　　　 in 参与;卷入;与……有关
③involvement n.参与;加入;插手
involve
involved
单句语法填空
5-1 (2020天津,完形填空, )All who participated have gained a positive outcome
from getting 　　　　 (involve).
解析　考查过去分词。句意:所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。get
involved参与,卷入。故填involved。
5-2 (2019北京,语法填空B, )No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get
involved 　　　　 various activities on Earth Day.
解析　考查介词。句意:无论你喜欢做什么,在地球日总有一种方法让你参与到
各种各样的活动中。get involved in意为“参与”。
5-3 (2019江苏,阅读理解A, )There are plenty of opportunities for the creative
person to become 　　　　 (involve), including workshops and events.
解析　考查过去分词。句意:对有创造力的人来说,有大量的机会参与进来,包括
研讨会和公开活动。become involved意为“参与进来”。
involved
in
involved
5-4 (2018江苏,任务型阅读, )Arts activity demands a collective effort. It
　 　　 (involve) creation, performance, and promotion.
解析　考查时态及主谓一致。句意:艺术活动需要集体的努力。它需要创作、执
行和广告宣传。 此处involve意为“需要”。根据语境和前一句的谓语动词de-
mands可知此处应该使用一般现在时,主语为It,故用involves。
5-5 (2017天津,阅读理解A改编, )When an unpleasant conversation is started by
your “reply all” email,you should avoid further 　　 　　 (involve).
解析　考查名词。句意:当你的“回复全部”的邮件引发了一场不愉快的对话
时,你应该避免进一步参与。根据空前的avoid和further可知此处应该使用名词作
宾语。
involves
involvement
　　　　　　motivated adj.积极的;主动的
I became more motivated, and I'm also a lot more ambitious now! (教材P16)我变得
更积极了,并且现在抱负也更加远大!
情景导学
Giving yourself real deadlines is a great way to stay motivated.
为自己设定真实的最后期限是一种保持积极性的极好的方法。
I don't want to miss the boat, and that motivates me to get up and do something every
day.我不想错失良机,那激励我每天起床做点事。
归纳拓展
①motivation意为“积极性”时,为不可数名词;指明确的目标动机时,为可数名
词。
②motivate sb. 　　　 sth. 激励某人做某事
③stay/become/get 　　　　 保持积极性/变得积极
|
to do
motivated
单句语法填空
6-1 (2019天津,阅读理解D, )With high 　　　　 (motivate) and enthusiasm,
we can keep on learning.
解析　考查名词。依据空后的and enthusiasm可知此处需要填名词motivation,意
为“积极性”。
6-2 (2019课标全国Ⅱ,七选五, )You should reassess your goals, and motivate
yourself 　　　　 (set) a fresh goal.
解析　考查固定搭配。此处包含固定用法motivate sb. to do sth.,意为“激励某人
做某事”。
6-3 (2018江苏,29, )Unless you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus,
plan and stay 　　　　 (motivate) after one or two nights.
解析　考查形容词。根据空前的系动词stay可知此处需要填形容词motivated,意
为“积极的,主动的”,表示主语的状态。
motivation
to set
motivated
　　　　　　exposure n.接触;体验;暴露;揭露
Exposure to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights
into the world.(教材P17)
接触另一种文化和它的人民可以使交换生很好地洞察世界。
情景导学
We are exposed to an overwhelming number of chemical contaminants in our air, wa-
ter and food every day.
我们每天都会接触到空气、水和食物中大量的化学污染物。
These units exposed children to many viewpoints on a given issue.
这些单元让孩子们接触到关于一个特定问题的多种观点。
|
归纳拓展
①be 　　 　　 接触;暴露在……之下
②expose sb. 　　 　　 ... 使某人暴露在……之下;使某人接触……
③exposure to面临,遭受(危险或不快);接触……
exposed to
to
单句语法填空
7-1 (2020全国Ⅰ,阅读理解D改编, )The engineers are also trying to develop an
on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when the plants are exposed
　 　　 daylight.
解析　考查介词。句意:工程师们还在努力开发一种通断“开关”,当植物暴露
在日光下时,那微弱的光就会逐渐消失。be exposed to暴露在……之下。故填to。
7-2 (2019上海春,概要写作, )In addition, bees that spend most of their time
locked up on trucks are not 　　　　 (expose) to what they usually live on. In-
stead, they live on a sweet liquid from corn,usually polluted with pesticides.
解析　考查固定搭配。句意:此外,大多数时间被锁在卡车上的蜜蜂接触不到它
们通常赖以生存的食物。相反,它们靠通常被杀虫剂污染的玉米中的一种甜味液
体生存。此处包含短语be exposed to,意为“接触”。
to
exposed
7-3 (2018江苏,阅读理解D, )She said social media firms were exposing children
　　　　 major emotional risks, with some youngsters starting secondary school
ill-equipped to cope with the tremendous pressure they faced online.
解析　考查固定搭配。句意:她说社交媒体公司正在让孩子们暴露于严重的情感
危险中,有些刚开始上中学的小孩并没有准备好应对他们在网上面临的巨大压
力。expose sb. to...使某人暴露在……之下。故填to。
to
　　　　　　strengthen vi.& vt.加强;增强;巩固
They have great facilities and outstanding professors, helping to educate young peo-
ple who will contribute to the economy and further strengthen our country. (教材P2
0)它们有优良的设施和优秀的教授,有助于教育那些将为经济做出贡献从而进一
步增加我国实力的年轻人。
情景导学
All the trouble will only strengthen my determination.
所有的麻烦都只会增强我的决心。
The ability to keep calm is one of her many strengths.
能够保持冷静是她的多项长处之一。
Stay indoors in the middle of the day, when the sun is strongest.
中午阳光最强的时候待在室内。
|
归纳拓展
①　　　　 adj.强大的;强的;强壮的
②　　　　 n.长处,优势;力气
strengths and weaknesses强项和弱项;优缺点
③　　 　　 one's determination增强某人的决心
strong
strength
strengthen
单句语法填空
8-1 (2020全国Ⅰ,七选五, )Turn to a page in your journal to your list of 　　 　
(strengthen) and achievements.
解析　考查名词及其复数形式。句意:翻到日记中列有你的强项和成就的一页。
连词and连接并列名词作介词of的宾语,且achievement用的是复数形式,因此此处
应用名词复数。故填strengths。
8-2 (2020天津,阅读表达, )Playing football well is cool because I can show how
　　　　 (strength) I am.
解析　考查形容词。句意:踢好足球很酷,因为我可以展示我有多强壮。此处使
用了感叹句结构“how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语(+其他)”,how后应接形容词作
系动词am的表语。故填strong。
strengths
strong
8-3 (2018课标全国Ⅰ,语法填空, )To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft sur-
faces, do exercises to 　　　　 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and
get good running shoes.
解析　考查动词。句意:为了避免膝盖疼痛,你可以在柔软的地面上跑步、锻炼
以增强你的腿部肌肉……。分析句子结构可知,此处为动词不定式短语作目的状
语,空前已有to,故填动词原形strengthen。
8-4 (2017江苏,24, )The publication of Great Expectations, which was both
widely reviewed and highly praised, 　 　　　 (strength) Dickens' status as a
leading novelist.
解析　考查动词及动词的时态。句意:《远大前程》这本书受到了广泛评论和高
度赞扬,它的出版巩固了狄更斯作为一位一流小说家的地位。which was both
widely reviewed and highly praised是非限制性定语从句,主句中缺少谓语,故此处
需要用动词形式,依据从句中的was可知需要用一般过去时。故填strengthened。
strengthen
strengthened
　　　　　　deny vt.否认;否定;拒绝
To sum up,one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages, so
when you think about studying abroad, you should consider these many factors.(教材
P20)
总之,出国留学有其弊端,这个事实是不可否认的,因此,当你考虑出国留学的时候,
你应该考虑这些多方面的因素。
情景导学
There's no denying (the fact) that garbage classification is beneficial in more than one
way. 不可否认,垃圾分类具有多方面的益处。
She denied cheating and shared video evidence to prove it.
她否认作弊并且分享了视频证据来证明。
|
归纳拓展
①deny 　　　　 sth. 否认做某事
②There is no 　　　　 (the fact)　　　　 ... 不可否认……
doing
denying
that
完成句子
9-1 (2018江苏,书面表达, )不可否认,这种排名可能会给顾客带来方便,但是
它们经常是具有误导性的,不可靠的。
　　　　　　　　　　　　 such ratings might bring convenience to consumers,
but they are often misleading and unreliable.
单句语法填空
9-2 ( )Looking back on your day, you will find it hard 　　　　 (deny) that a
horseback safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild.
解析　此处包含固定结构“find+it+adj.+to do...”。it作形式宾语,to do...是真正
的宾语。
There is no denying that
to deny
　　　　　　“疑问词+to do”结构
“I was very excited but also quite nervous. I didn't know what to expect,” Xie Lei
recalled. (教材P14)
“我非常兴奋,但也很紧张。我不知道该期待什么,”谢蕾回忆道。
情景导学
How to use forks and knives is what he needs to learn now.
如何使用刀叉是他现在需要学习的东西。
We haven't decided when to start yet.
我们还没有决定什么时候出发。
My question is where to find financial support.
我的问题是到哪里去找财务支援。
|
归纳拓展
①“疑问词+to do”结构在句中常作　　　　 、　　　　 、　　　　
等。
②why不可以和不定式连用。
③有些疑问词(如what、which、whose等)作定语时,其后先接一个名词再接动词
不定式。
主语
宾语
表语
单句改错
1-1 (2020全国Ⅰ,短文改错, )My mom told me how to preparing it.
解析　考查非谓语动词。句意:我妈妈告诉我如何准备它。分析句子可知,“how
+不定式”作动词told的宾语,to是不定式符号,后应接动词原形。故将preparing改
为prepare。
preparing改为prepare
单句语法填空
1-2 (2020全国Ⅱ,阅读理解C, )When you were trying to figure out what 　　
(buy) for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn't cross
your mind.
解析　考查非谓语动词。句意:当你试图弄清楚为你的假期列表上的环保主义者
买什么时,你可能不会想到毛皮。分析句子可知,what to buy作动词短语figure out
的宾语。故填to buy。
1-3 (2019北京,语法填空C, )Students should have a proper attitude towards col-
lege before thinking about which college 　　　　 (attend).
解析　考查非谓语动词。句意:在考虑上哪所大学之前,学生应该对大学有一个
正确的态度。which college to attend是“疑问词+名词+to do”结构,意为“上哪
所大学”,作thinking about的宾语。
to buy
to attend
1-4 (2019江苏,书面表达, )Li Jiang and Su Hua are discussing what 　　　
(wear) when receiving the British students next month.
解析　考查非谓语动词。句意:李江和苏华正在讨论在下个月接待英国学生时穿
什么。what to wear 属于“疑问词+to do”结构,意为“穿什么”,作discussing的
宾语。
to wear
　　　　　　“in the past+时间段”与现在完成(进行)时连用
In the past few decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of people
studying abroad. (教材P20)
在过去的几十年里,出国留学的人数有了巨大的增长。
情景导学
The capital of England is London now. In the past it was Winchester. 现在英国的首
都是伦敦,过去是温切斯特。
The total operating mileage of China's high-speed railways has grown from 5,600 to
21,800 miles in the past few years.中国的高铁营运总里程在过去的几年里从5,600
英里增加到了21,800英里。
He and Helen celebrated their silver wedding last year.
他和海伦去年庆祝了他们的银婚。
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During the last several years, the mobile payment has been developing rapidly in
China.
在过去的几年里,移动支付在中国一直发展迅速。
It occurred to Anne that money couldn't make up for what Bob had suffered in the
past five years.
安妮想到钱不能弥补鲍勃在过去五年里所遭受的痛苦。
归纳拓展
①“in/over/during the past/last+时间段”表示“在过去的……(时间)里”,常与
　　 　 连用。
②in the past 意为“在过去”,last year意为“去年”,常与　 　　　 连用。
③在主从复合句中,如果从句含有“in/over/during the past/last+时间段”结构,主
句的谓语动词使用一般过去时,从句的谓语动词常用　　 　　 。
现在完成（进行）时
一般过去时
过去完成（进行）时
单句语法填空
2-1 (2020浙江,阅读理解B, )In the past, there 　　　　 (be) often an auto-
matic reaction to increased traffic.
解析　考查动词的时态。句意:在过去,对于增加的车辆,通常会有一个自动反
应。in the past是表示过去的时间状语,所以谓语动词应用一般过去时,主语an au-
tomatic reaction表示单数概念,所以谓语动词应用单数。故填was。
2-2 (2019江苏,22, )The musician along with his band members 　　　　
(give) ten performances in the last three months.
解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句中的时间状语是in the last three months,
意为“在过去的3个月里”,截止时间是现在,所以应该用现在完成时。along with
连接两个并列结构作主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致,所以谓语动词用
单数形式,故填has given。
was
has given
2-3 (2018北京,4, )Susan had quit her well-paid job and was working as a volun-
teer in the neighborhood when I 　　　　 (visit)her last year.
解析　考查动词的时态。句意:我去年看望苏珊的时候,她已经辞去了高薪的工
作,正在社区做志愿者。从句的时间状语是last year,意为“去年”,动作发生在过
去,所以应该使用一般过去时。
2-4(2017课标全国Ⅲ,短文改错, )When I look at this picture of myself, I realize
how fast time flies. I 　 　　　 (grow) not only physically, but also mentally in the
past few years.
解析　考查现在完成时。句意:当我看到自己的这张照片,我意识到时间过得真
快。在过去的几年里,我不但身体方面而且心理方面都有所成长。设空处所在句
子的时间状语为in the past few years “在过去的几年里”,动作从过去的某个时
刻开始一直持续到现在,所以用现在完成时。
visited
have grown
2-5(2017江苏,阅读理解D, )Over five generations the land has been too wet for
cropping. But during the past decade declining rainfall 　　　 　 (allow) him to
plant highly profitable crops.
解析　考查现在完成时。句意:这片土地太潮湿,连续五代都没有收成。但是,在
过去的十年里,降雨量降低使得他可以种植高利润的庄稼。设空处所在句子的时
间状语是during the past decade“在过去的十年里”,动作从过去的某个时刻开始
一直持续到现在,所以用现在完成时。
2-6( )In the last few years, China 　　　　 (make) great achievements in en-
vironmental protection.
解析　考查动词的时态。句意:在过去的几年里,中国在环境保护方面已取得了
巨大的成就。句中的时间状语是In the last few years“在过去的几年里”,动作从
过去的某个时刻开始一直持续到现在,所以用现在完成时。
has allowed
has made
　　　　　　do、does、did置于谓语动词原形前,表示强调
A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits,
young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to! (教材P
20)最后要考虑的一点是,尽管出国留学确实有潜在的好处,但是在中国国内学习
的年轻人也一样有美好的未来可以期待!
情景导学
If he does decide to come, let me know please.
如果他真的决定要来,请让我知道。
I don't take much exercise now, but I did play football a lot when I was young.
我现在不做太多锻炼了,但是我年轻时确实经常踢足球。
It was at 2 am that my father came back home.
我父亲是在凌晨两点回家的。
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归纳拓展
英语中的强调句式It is...that...用于强调主语、宾语和　　　　 。强调谓语动
词时要用　　　　 、　　　　 、　　　　 ,意为“确实,真的”,且只能用
于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定句中。
状语
do
does
did
单句语法填空
3-1 (2020全国Ⅲ,完形填空, )I 　　　　 (do) know how upset the shop staff
can get, but I try to persuade them to keep smiling.
解析　句意:我的确知道店员会有多沮丧,但我努力说服他们保持微笑。空格处
对谓语动词know进行强调,且根据but后的分句使用一般现在时可知,此处应用助
动词do进行强调。故填do。
3-2 (2018课标全国Ⅲ,阅读理解D, )Because of our efforts, our daughter Geor
gia 　　　　 (do) decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother
was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness.
解析　根据句中的was和句意可知此处应该使用一般过去时,“did+动词原形”
表示对过去事情的强调。
do
did
单句改错
3-3 (2020全国Ⅰ,阅读理解C, )But the sport's strange form does places consid-
erable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might
want to be cautious in adopting the sport.
解析　句意:但这项运动的奇怪形式确实给脚踝和臀部带来了相当大的压力,所
以有此类伤病史的人在接受这项运动时可能要谨慎一些。分析句子可知,助动词
does强调谓语动词place,does后用动词原形。
3-4 (2020天津,阅读理解D, )Yet most of us do losing it.
解析　句意:然而,我们大多数人确实失去了它。助动词do强调谓语动词,因此
lose应用动词原形。
places改为place
losing改为lose
名词性从句的复习
当一个从句的性质相当于一个名词,并在主从复合句中作主语、宾语、表语或同
位语时,这个从句被称为名词性从句。
一、名词性从句的分类
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
二、名词性从句的引导词
1.观察下面的主从复合句,在括号中写出其中的名词性从句具体属于哪种从句及
其引导词及词义。若没有词义,则写“无意义”。
(1)That the boy was beginning to break away from the drug addiction made his
mother feel somewhat relieved.(①　　 　　 )
(2)Jim says that we can stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy.
主语从句；That;无意义
(② 　　　 )
(3)What the boy had done moved us to tears. (③　　　 　 )
(4)She isn’t what she used to be. (④　 　　　 )
(5)I don’t know what is happening. (⑤　　　 　 )
(6)Don’t believe whatever he says. (⑥　 　 　　 )
(7)I don’t know whom/who he is waiting for.(⑦　　　　 )
(8)Who will be sent to work there hasn’t been decided yet.(⑧　 　　　 )
(9)Every year, whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite
Festival. (⑨　　 　　 )
(10)It is hard to say whose fault it is. (⑩　　　 　 )
(11)There are so many books that the boy can’t decide which one he should choose.
( 　　 　　 )
宾语从句；that;无意义
主语从句；What;……的事情
表语从句；what;……的样子
宾语从句；what;……的事情
宾语从句；whatever;任何事物
宾语从句；whom/who；谁
主语从句；Who；谁
主语从句；whoever；……的人
宾语从句；whose；谁的
宾语从句；which；哪一本
(12)Whichever team gains the most points wins.( 　　　　 )
(13)I have no idea how he solved the problem.( 　　 　 )
(14)You can’t imagine how difficult it was to find the solution. ( 　　　　
)
(15)You can’t imagine what great difficulty they had in finding the solution.( 　
　　 )
(16)The question is whether he will come or not.( 　　　　 )
(17)It is because he doesn’t know her.( 　 　　　 )
(18)It seems as if it is going to rain.( 　　　　 )
主语从句；whichever；……的那个
同位语从句；how；怎样,如何
宾语从句；how；
多么
宾语
从句；what；多么
表语从句；whether；是否
表语从句；because；因为
表语从句；as if；好像
2.名词性从句的引导词归类
引导名词性从句的词可分为三类:从属连词、连接代词、连接副词。
(1)从属连词:引导名词性从句的从属连词有that、whether、if、because、as if、
as though等。从属连词在名词性从句中不充当任何成分,只起到引导从句的功
能。其中that无词义;whether/if意为“ 　　　　 ”;because意为“ 　　
”;as if/though意为“ 　　　　 ”。
(2)连接代词:连接代词主要有what、whatever、who、whoever、whom、whose、
which、whichever等。大多数连接代词表示疑问意义,连接代词在名词性从句中
作一定的成分,且有一定的词汇意义。
(3)连接副词:连接副词主要有when、where、how、why、whenever、wherever
等。大多数连接副词也表示疑问意义,连接副词在名词性从句中作一定的成分,
且有一定的词汇意义。
是否
因为
好像
三、洞悉名词性从句易混易错知识点
观察
He said that if he came back early, he could come for the meeting.
The teacher told the students (that) they should hand in their homework the next day
and that the homework must be signed by their parents.
Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.
The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test.
Everything depends on whether we have enough money.
归纳
1.引导 　　　　 从句、同位语从句、介词后面的 　　　　 从句或置于
句首的 　　　　 从句,表示“是否”时,一般不用if,而用whether。后紧跟or
not时,不用if,而用whether。
表语
宾语
主语
2.when引导名词性从句时,表示疑问,意为 “什么时候”,如果从句时态是一般将
来时,要保留将来时态标志词will等;而when意为“当……时候”引导时间状语从
句时,若主句是一般将来时,时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。
3.有些名词如news、fact、promise、idea、suggestion、plan等后既可接同位语从
句,也可接定语从句。区别在于同位语从句解释、说明该名词的具体内容,从句
中不缺任何词义和成分时用that引导,that一般不能省略;定语从句则表示对先行
词的修饰,引导词that在从句中充当一定成分,当先行词指物,关系词在从句中作主
语或宾语时还可换成which,作宾语时可以省略。
4.宾语从句中引导词that通常不省略的情况:a.that 引导的宾语从句和主句之间有
插入语。b.宾语从句为主从复合句且其从句位于主句之前。c.that引导的宾语从
句位于句首。d.有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,第二个及第二个以后的that
　　　　 。e.当it作形式宾语,that引导的宾语从句后置时。
不可省略
四、it作形式主语或形式宾语的名词性从句
观察
It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.
It's a pity that you should have to leave.
It is not yet decided who will do that job.
It is still unknown which team will win the match.
I think it best that you should stay here.
We need to see to it that the guests are satisfied with us.
I like it when people are open and straight.
归纳
1.that引导主语从句时,通常用it作形式主语,而将that从句置于 　　　　 。
2.whether、who、what等引导主语从句且从句较长时也常用 　　　　 作形
式主语,而将真正的主语置于句末。
3.动词find、feel、consider、make等后跟 　　　　 时,常使用it作形式宾语,
而将真正的宾语移至句末。
4.有些动词(短语)如think、 　　　　 等后可跟形式宾语it+that从句。
5.表示喜爱、憎恶等感情的动词如enjoy、hate、love、 　　　　 、dislike等
后可跟形式宾语it+从句。
句末
it
宾语补足语
see to
like
单句语法填空
1.(2020全国Ⅱ,七选五, )The good news is　　　　 it's simple to learn and
can be worth the effort.
解析　考查表语从句。句意:好消息是,学习它很简单,值得付出努力。is后是表
语从句,从句意思完整,不缺少成分,故填that。
2.(2020全国Ⅲ,七选五, )Housewarming parties get their name from the fact
　　　 a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a
gift.
解析　考查同位语从句。句意:乔迁派对之所以得名,是因为很久以前人们确实
会把柴火作为礼物带到新家。根据句子结构判断fact后是同位语从句,对fact进行
解释说明,而从句中不缺少成分,故填that。
that
that
3.(2020北京,阅读理解C, )One must know 　　　　 an object was made in
order to preserve it.
解析　考查宾语从句。句意:为了保护一件物品,人们必须要知道它是如何被制
成的。宾语从句中缺少状语,根据句意可知填how。
4.(2020全国Ⅰ,完形填空, )I have a very strong fear 　　　　 the lie we're
telling is doing spiritual damage to our children.
解析　考查同位语从句。句意:我非常害怕我们所说的谎言正在对我们的孩子造
成精神上的伤害。根据句子结构判断fear后是同位语从句,对fear进行解释说明,
从句结构完整,不缺少成分,故填that。
how
that
5.(2020全国Ⅰ,阅读理解B, )But books don't change, people do. And that's
　　　 makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.
解析　考查表语从句。句意:但是书不会变,人会变。并且那就是使重读这一行
为变得如此丰富和具有变革性的事情。在is后的表语从句中,缺少主语,指代前句
的内容,意为“……的事情”。故填what。
6.(2020北京,语法填空C, )They were much stronger than modern humans, but it
's long been assumed 　　　　 human ancestors were smarter than the Nean-
derthals.
解析　考查主语从句。 句意:他们比现代人强壮得多,但长期以来人们一直认为
人类祖先比尼安德特人聪明。分析句子结构可知,此处it是形式主语,设空处引导
的从句是真正的主语,从句不缺少成分,句意完整,故填that。
what
that
7.(2020天津,阅读表达, )Now I know 　　　　 I am! I'm Tyson's little
brother, but that's only part of my identity.
解析　考查宾语从句。句意:现在我知道我是谁了!我是泰森的弟弟,但那只是我
身份的一部分。know后面的宾语从句缺少表语,应填连接代词;再根据下句内容
可知,此处是指人,故填who。
8.(2020江苏,完形填空, )He proved that it's not 　　　　 happens to us that
determines our lives—it's 　　　　 we make of 　　　　 happens.
解析　考查名词性从句。句意:他证明了决定我们生活的并不是发生在我们身上的事情——而是我们如何看待发生的事情。第一个that后的宾语从句是强调句型,其中被强调部分是主语从句,而从句中缺少主语,指“……的事情”,故第一空填what。破折号后面是强调句型的省略形式,被省略的部分是that determines our lives,所以第二空引导的是主语从句,且在从句中作的是make的宾语,意为“什么”,故填what。第三空引导的是宾语从句,且在从句中作主语,意为“……的事情”,故填what。
who
what
what
what
9.(2020江苏,阅读理解B, )He said that he had heard the calls to preserve the
boxes and had seen 　　　　 some of them were listed as historic buildings.
解析　考查宾语从句。句意:他说,他听到了保护这些箱子的呼声,也看到了其中
一些是如何被列为历史建筑的。根据句意可知填how,表示方式。
10.(2020浙江,语法填空, )Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on
　　　　 could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they
had raised and crops they had sown.
解析　考查名词性从句。句意:几千年来,他们开始更少地依靠能从野外狩猎或
采集的东西,而更多地依靠他们饲养的动物和他们种的庄稼。分析句子结构可
知,设空处引导宾语从句,作depend on的宾语,由于从句中缺少主语,而且表示“…
…的东西”,故填what。
how
what
11.(2020北京,语法填空A, ) Oliver says if you're lucky enough to have someone
close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them 　　　　 you can join in when it's
possible.
解析　考查宾语从句。句意:Oliver说如果你足够幸运有喜欢做饭的人在你身边,
当有可能的时候,询问他们你是否可以加入。设空处引导宾语从句,从句中不缺
成分,由句意可知此处意为“是否”,故填whether或if。
12.(2019江苏,阅读理解C, )The question, however, is 　　　　 this is what
the developing countries need the most.
解析　考查表语从句。句意:然而,问题是这是否是发展中国家最需要的。由句
意可知设空处表示“是否”,表语从句一般用whether引导而不用if。
whether/if
whether
13.(2019上海春,听力, )Read the four possible answers on your paper, and de
cide 　　　　 one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
解析　考查宾语从句。句中有four possible answers表示范围,空后有one,故可判
断用which ,表示“哪个”。
14.(2019课标全国Ⅱ,阅读理解B, )However, if others benefit in the process,
and I get some reward too, does it really matter 　　　　 my motivation lies
解析　考查主语从句。句意:然而,如果别人在这个过程中获益,我也得到一些回
报的话,那么我的动机在哪儿真的重要吗 lie是不及物动词,设空处引导主语从句,
且在从句中作地点状语,故应该使用where。
which
where
15.(2019浙江,概要写作, )Kids will feel like they're not good enough or 　　
you don't care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accom-
plishments.
解析　考查宾语从句。句意:孩子会感觉他们不够好,或你不在乎,因此(他们)可
能看不到努力取得成就有什么意义。空前的or为并列连词,分析句子结构可判断
or后为like后的第二个宾语从句,引导第二个宾语从句的that一般不省略。
16.(2019上海春,书面表达, )　　　　 is more important is that sharing my
clothes will make full use of them.
解析　考查主语从句。句意:更重要的事情是分享我的衣服会使它们得到充分利
用。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导主语从句,且在从句中作主语,意为“……的
事情”,故填What。
that
What
17.(2018课标全国Ⅰ,阅读理解B, )Everybody can buy takeaway food, but
sometimes we're not aware 　　　　 cheaply we can make this food ourselves.
解析　考查宾语从句。句意:每个人都能买外卖食物,但是我们有时不知道我们
自己做这种食物有多便宜。由句意可知应用how引导宾语从句。
18.(2018北京,阅读理解D, )It's hard to predict when driverless cars 　　　　
(be) everywhere on our roads.
解析　考查时态。句意:很难预知何时无人驾驶汽车会在路上到处可见。when
意为“何时,什么时候”,引导宾语从句,由predict及句意可知用一般将来时。
19.(2017课标全国Ⅱ,短文改错, )When summer 　　　　 (come), they will
invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!
解析　考查时态。句意:当夏天到来的时候,他们会邀请他们的学生采摘新鲜蔬
菜!when意为“当……时候”,引导时间状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般
现在时表示将来。
how
will be
comes
20.(2016北京,阅读理解B, )“My mom tells me that I can't control what hap-
pens to me,” Natalie says, “but I can always choose 　　　　 I deal with it.”
解析　考查宾语从句。句意:纳塔莉说:“我妈妈告诉我,我无法控制在我的身上
发生的事情,但是我总是可以选择应对它的方式。”how在此处意为“怎样”,表
示方式。
21.( )Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in 　 　　
you pack on the pounds or keep them off.
解析　考查宾语从句。句意:专家说你家的设计方式可能对你增加体重还是减轻
体重有影响。根据句意可知设空处表示“是否”,空前有介词in, 常用whether而
不用if来引导介词后的宾语从句。
how
whether