2013届高考英语一轮复习方案精品课件：第27讲 Unit4 Films and film events（牛津译林版选修8）
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| 名称 | 2013届高考英语一轮复习方案精品课件：第27讲 Unit4 Films and film events（牛津译林版选修8） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2012-12-18 19:25:28 | ||
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课件88张PPT。第27讲 Unit 4 Films and film events第27讲 Unit 4 Films and film events第27讲 │ 美文欣赏[2011·江苏卷] 下面这幅照片展现了女儿为回家的妈妈拿包的情景。请根据你对这幅照片的理解用英语写一篇短文。你的短文应包含以下内容：
1．描述照片内容，如情景、人物、动作，等等；
2．结合自身实际，谈谈你的感想；
3．举例说明你能为家长减负做些什么。
注意：
1．可参照图中文字及下面文章开头所给提示，作必要的发挥想象。
2．词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。
3．作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。第27讲 │ 美文欣赏The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children.
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ 第27讲 │ 美文欣赏【精彩美文】
The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children.
The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes to greet her working mom. Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day's work, the girl helps to remove the bag from her shoulder. In response, the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels.第27讲 │ 美文欣赏All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing whatever she could to let me have the best. But, totally engaged in my own study, I seldom pay attention to what mother needs and feels，and always think studying well is the only thing I could do in return. Now I know I can do my bit to help with the everyday washing, bedroom cleaning, or at least prepare breakfast myself, so as to share mother's daily burden. The picture convinces me it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student. 第27讲 │ 美文欣赏【全品点睛】
①行文逻辑：描述照片→结合实际谈感想→举例说明怎样去做。
②词汇短语：运用了较高难度的词汇。如：remove，in response, remind… of，(be) engaged in, seldom pay attention to; in return，so as to, at least等。第27讲 │ 美文欣赏③句式句法：运用了多样化的句式和句法结构。如：定语从句：…when a little girl comes to greet her working mom/who has been doing…；宾语从句：how happy and thankful she feels/whatever she could to let me have the best/what mother needs and feels/…it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student.等； 以及非谓语动词结构：realizing her mom/to show how happy…等的使用，提高了文章的档次。 第27讲 │ 美文欣赏Ⅰ.单词荟萃
1．representative n．代表→ _________v．代表，代理；体现，象征；描绘，描述；主张，声称→ ____________ n．代表，代理；象征；描绘，描述→ ______________ adj.代表的
2．finance vt.给……提供经费 n．财政，金融；资金→ ________ adj. 财政的，金融的
3．restriction n．限制，约束→ ________ vt.限制，约束，限定→ _________ adj.限制的第27讲 │ 基础梳理representrepresentationrepresentationalfinancialrestrictrestricted4．deliberately adv.故意地→ _________ adj.深思熟虑的， 故意的， 从容不迫的 v．仔细考虑， 研讨→ ___________ n．仔细考虑；商量
5．expose vt.使接触，使体验，使面临；暴露，显露，揭露→ _________ n．暴露， 揭露， 曝光， 揭发， 揭露
6．contradict vt.& vi.反驳，驳斥；与……相矛盾，相反→ ____________ adj.相互矛盾的，对立的，不一致的→ ____________ n．矛盾，对立；反驳
7．resemble vt.看起来像，类似→ ___________ n．相似
8．preference n．偏爱，偏好→ _____ vt.更喜欢，宁愿
9．swift adj.迅速的，迅捷的→ ______ adv.迅速地，迅捷地第27讲 │ 基础梳理deliberatedeliberationexposurecontradictorycontradictionresemblancepreferswiftly10．disappointment n．失望，沮丧；令人失望的人或事物→ __________ vt.使失望，使扫兴
11．sincere adj.真诚的，诚挚的→ ________ n．真诚，诚挚
12．congratulation n．祝贺、恭喜→____________ vt.祝贺、恭喜
13．robbery n．抢劫→ ____ vt.抢劫→ ______ n．强盗
14．accumulate vt.& vi.积累，积聚；逐渐增加→ __________ n．财富的积累
15．fierce adj.激烈的，猛烈的；凶狠的，凶猛的→ _______ adv.激烈地，猛烈地；凶狠地，凶猛地第27讲 │ 基础梳理disappointsincerity congratulate robrobberaccumulationfiercely16．attraction n．吸引人的特征；有吸引力的地方；吸引，吸引力→ ______ vt.吸引→ _________ adj.吸引的，有吸引力的，引起注意的第27讲 │ 基础梳理attractattractiveⅡ.短语检测
1．为……辩护；防卫
2．炫耀，卖弄
3．认真考虑，思考
4．占少数
5．把……视为……
6．模仿奥斯卡奖 第27讲 │ 基础梳理in defence of
show off
give thought to
in the minority
view...as...
resemble the Academy Awards Ⅲ.佳句再现
1．Nowadays, if a film wins an award at Sundance, ____________________ it will become famous!
现在，如果一部电影在圣丹斯电影节上获奖，那么它就很有可能出名！
2．We ___________ a particular type of contemporary art.
我们认为电影是一种特殊的当代艺术形式。
3. ___________ the history of our festival，we feel it is important not to ______ films from any one country.
考虑到我们电影节的历史，我们觉得不偏向某个国家的电影是非常重要的。第27讲 │ 基础梳理there is a good chanceview film asConsideringfavour4．At our festival, Hollywood films are _____________ , while films that _______________________ at other festivals, for example at Cannes, have ______________________ champions.在我们的电影节上，好莱坞电影只占少数，而在其他电影节(比如戛纳电影节)可能被忽视的电影却大有夺魁的机会。 第27讲 │ 基础梳理in the minorityare likely to be overlookeda real chance of becoming第27讲 │ 单词点睛 1 finance vt.给……提供资助；负担……的经费 n．财政；金融；资金；财源 (1) financial adj. 财政的，金融的
(2) national finance 国家财政
an expert in finance 财政专家
the Minister of Finance 财政部长
finances for education 教育资金
the finance director/department 财务主任/财务科
government/public/personal finance
政府/公共/个人财力
(3) financial aid 助学金，助学贷款
financial incentive 奖金
financial institution 金融机构
financial year 财政年度第27讲 │ 单词点睛 【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 搬家使我们的经济十分紧张。
Moving the house put a severe strain _____________ .
(2) 他找了一份工作来支付在德国的费用。
He took a job to ________________ Germany.
2．单项填空
(1) To our surprise, the Minister of ________ is not an expert in ________ .
A．Finance；financial B．Finance；financier
C．Finance；finance D．Financier；finance第27讲 │ 单词点睛 on our financesfinance his stay in(2) I have some ________ troubles.
A．financial B．finance
C．financed D．financing
(3) London is one of the most important ________ center of the world.
A．economical B．economic
C．financial D．finance
[解析] (1)－(3) CAC第27讲 │ 单词点睛 2 representative n．代表；代销人，销售代理；代表性人物 adj.代表性的；典型的
(1) represent v． 代表，代理；体现，象征； 描绘，描述；主张，声称
representation n．代表，代理；象征；描绘，描述
representational adj. 代表的
(2) represent... __ ... 把……描绘成……
represent oneself as (to be)．.. 声称自己是……
(3) make representations to sth.
向……提出抗议或呼吁
(4) be representative __ 代表……的， 典型的第27讲 │ 单词点睛 asof【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 他代表中国参加了这个会议。
He ___________ China in the conference.
(2) 鸽子象征和平。
The dove __________ peace.
(3) 他自称是专家。
He ___________ himself as an expert.
(4) 这幅画表现的是海上风暴。
The painting is a _______________ a storm at sea.第27讲 │ 单词点睛 representedrepresentsrepresentedrepresentation of (5) 有很多教师代表。
There are lots of teachers _____________ .
(6) 这幅画不是他那个时代的代表作。
The painting is not _______________ his work on the period.
2．单项填空
—Daddy, what does the sign “V” mean?
—It ________ the world “victory”．
A．presents B．shows C．represents C．means
[解析] C第27讲 │ 单词点睛 representativesrepresentative of3 boycott vt.(to refuse to buy, use or take part in sth. as a way of protesting)抵制，排斥，拒绝参加 n．联合抵制，联合拒绝购买 第27讲 │ 单词点睛 【活学活用】
(1) The teacher told us it wasn’t wise to _______________ in the class.
老师告诉我们一致不与班上某同学往来是不对的。
(2) We shouldn’t ____________________ .
我们不应该抵制这样的会议。
(3) They launched ___________ imports.
他们发起了联合抵制进口货的行动。第27讲 │ 单词点睛 boycott someoneboycott such a meetinga boycott on4 resemble vt.(to be similar to someone or something, especially in appearance)看起来像，类似
(1) resemblance n． 相似
a striking resemblance 明显的相似之处
(2) bear little resemblance __ ... 与……相去甚远
(3) resemble sb. __ sth. 在……方面与某人相像第27讲 │ 单词点睛 toin【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 你能告诉我约翰和他堂兄之间的相似之处吗？
Can you tell me ______________________ John and his cousin?
(2) 他和他的兄弟在外貌上极像，但在性格上判若两人。
He _________ his brother ____________ but not ___________ .第27讲 │ 单词点睛 the resemblance betweenresemblesin appearancein character2．单项填空
Bob ________ his mother in appearance and his father in character.
A．looks B．resembles
C．equals D．compares
[解析] B第27讲 │ 单词点睛 5 contradictory adj.矛盾的，对立的
(1) contradict vt. 同……矛盾，同……抵触；反驳
contradiction n. 矛盾，对立；反驳
(2) be contradictory __... 与……相矛盾
(3) contradict oneself 自相矛盾
(4) __ contradiction to... 与……相矛盾第27讲 │ 单词点睛 toin【活学活用】
1．用contradict的适当形式填空
(1) The advice I received was often ____________ .
(2) Your statements today are in ____________ with what you said yesterday.
(3) This report __________ everything we’ve been told.
(4) We are faced with two apparently ____________ statements.第27讲 │ 单词点睛 contradictorycontradictioncontradictscontradictory2．单项填空
Every child is ________ , with their own needs, preferences and talents.
A．original B．similar
C．contradictory D．unique
[解析] D unique是“独特的，独一无二的”意思。句意：每一个孩子都是独特的，他们有自己的需求，偏好和能力。第27讲 │ 单词点睛 6 expose vt.使接触，使体验，使面临；暴露，显露，揭露
(1) exposure n． 暴露， 揭露， 曝光， 揭 发， 揭露
exposure __ sth. 显露或暴露于……中
(2) expose sth./sb.to sth. 使……受……影响
expose oneself to sth. 使面临，使遭受
expose sth. 显露/暴露/揭露某事物
expose sth./ sb./ oneself to sth.＝make sth./sb./oneself exposed to sth. 显露或暴露某事物/某人
/自己于……中
(3) be exposed __ 被暴露于，经受第27讲 │ 单词点睛 toto【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 他笑时露出了一口漂亮的白牙。
When he smiled he ________ a set of perfect white teeth.
(2) 作为战地护士， 她置身于各种各样的危险之中。
As a nurse in the war she _____________ many dangers.
(3) 父母不应该让婴儿受到强烈日晒。
Parents should not _______________ strong sunlight.
第27讲 │ 单词点睛 exposedwas exposed toexpose babies to (4) 油漆因受雨淋而剥落了。
The paint came off as the result of ____________ the rain.
(5) 报上揭露了他们的罪行，这些人因而被捕。
The newspaper’s ______________________ led to their arrest.第27讲 │ 单词点睛 exposure toexposure of their crimes2．同义句转换
Making you exposed to sunlight for about 10－15 minutes early in the morning every day is beneficial for the health of skin and bones.
＝ _____________ to sunlight for about 10－15 minutes early in the morning is beneficial for the health of skin and bones.第27讲 │ 单词点睛 Daily exposure3．单项填空
(1) ________ to sunlight for too much time, he was burned dark.
A．Exposed B．Having exposed
C．Being exposed D．After being exposed
(2) It is a journalist’s duty to ________ the truth of the accident.
A．explore B．expose C．examine D．exploit
[解析] (1)—(2)AB第27讲 │ 单词点睛 7 preference n．(a greater interest in or desire for sb./sth. than sb./sth. else)偏爱，偏好，喜爱
(1) have/show a preference ___ sth. 偏爱……
give preference to 给予……优先权
(2) __ preference to 优先于；而不是……
__ preference 首先，最好
(3) prefer doing/to do sth. 宁愿做某事
prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth.＝prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做……而不愿做……
prefer that... 更愿意……第27讲 │ 单词点睛 forinby【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 我们仅凭个人偏爱选择穿着。
We dress simply ____________ .
(2) 父母不应流露出对任何一个孩子的偏心。
Parents should not _________________ any one of their children.
(3) 本周末她选择去野营而不是在家看电视。
She chose to go camping ______________ watching TV at home this weekend.第27讲 │ 单词点睛 by preferenceshow preference forin preference to (4) 我们优先录用有经验的申请人。
We ________________ applicants with some experience.
(5) 我喜欢安静的乡村胜过喧闹的城市。
I _____ the quiet countryside __ the noisy cities. 第27讲 │ 单词点睛 give preference topreferto2．单项填空
It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ________ favors to them.
A．in preference to B．in place of
C．in agreement with D．in exchange for
[解析] D 考查介词短语的辨析。短语的意思：in preference to意为“优先于”；in place of意为“代替”；in agreement with意为“同意，与…一致”；in exchange for意为“交换”。第27讲 │ 单词点睛 8 accumulate vt.& vi.积累，积聚；逐渐增加
(1) accumulation n． 财富的积累
(2) the accumulation of money/knowledge/experience
金钱，知识，经验的积累
an accumulation of unwanted rubbish
多余的废物成堆第27讲 │ 单词点睛 【易混辨析】
accumulate，gather，collect与amass
这些动词均含“积聚，聚集，积累”之意。具体区别如下：
(1) accumulate 几乎可用于指任何事物的量的增加，侧重连续不断地，一点一滴地聚积。
He accumulated a good library.
他积累了丰富的藏书。
However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate.
然而，随着迹象开始积聚，动物园的专家们感到有必要进行调查了。第27讲 │ 单词点睛 (2) amass 强调大量的聚集，常用于财富、信息、所有物等的聚集，这种积累可能一下子完成，也可能在短期内完成，也可能在比较长的时间内完成，但是数量总是很大的。
People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so.
人们倾向于积攒东西，有时并未意识到这样做。
(3) collect 普通用词，多用于指物，侧重指有区别地作选择或有安排有计划地把零散物集中起来。
He’s collecting money for the blind.
他在为盲人募捐。第27讲 │ 单词点睛 Collecting stamps is a hobby of mine.
集邮是我的一个爱好。
All I hope is that we can collect more fund for it.
我只希望我们能为此筹集更多资金。
(4) gather 普通用词，用于人或物或抽象事物均可，侧重于围绕一个中心的集合、聚集。
We would all gather there on Friday evenings.
星期五晚上我们都在那里聚会。
The lords and ladies were all gathered at the palace.
贵族老爷和夫人都聚集在皇宫里。
She gathered up her things and left.
她收拾好她的东西就走了。第27讲 │ 单词点睛 【活学活用】
If we don’t clear away the rubbish regularly, it will just ________ .
A．accumulate B．amass
C．accomplish D．admit
[解析] A 句意：如果我们不经常清理垃圾，那它将会越积越多。accumulate意为“积累，堆积”暗含“逐渐增加”之意，符合句意。amass意为“积聚(尤指财富、货物)”，多用于表示“大量积累”； accomplish意为“完成”； admit意为“准许进入，承认”，三者均不合题意。 第27讲 │ 单词点睛 1 give thought to 考虑，思考
(1) be lost in thought 陷入沉思
_______ thought 不假思索
(2) have thought __ … 有……的打算
(3) thought ___ … 对……的体谅/关怀
(4) __ second thought 经过重新考虑， 在仔细考虑后第27讲 │ 短语储存 withoutofforon【活学活用】
(1) I’ll give __________ to your suggestion that we __________ a party in honor of the experienced professor.
A．much thought; hold
B．many thoughts; should hold
C．much thought; will hold
D．some thoughts; hold
(2) ________ in thought，he didn’t notice the teacher come in，standing by him.
A．Losing B．Lose
C．Loses D．Lost第27讲 │ 短语储存 (3) I have no thought ________ annoying you.
A．for B．on
C．of D．in
(4) He have intended to go, but on ________ second thought, he give up ________ idea.
A．the; the B．the; an
C．a; an D．/; the
[解析] (1)－(4) ADCD第27讲 │ 短语储存 2 in defense of 为……辩护，保卫
defend vt. 防护， 辩护， 防卫； 作……的 辩护律师
defend the country 保卫祖国
defend sb./oneself/sth. _____________ sb./sth.
保护……免受(……的伤害)第27讲 │ 短语储存 from/against【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 他们试图维护他的声誉。
They tried to ___________________ .
(2) 警察都接受过训练，能够抵御刀的袭击。
The police have been trained to _______________________ knife attacks.
(3) 她为其宗教信仰辩护。
She spoke ____________ her religious beliefs.第27讲 │ 短语储存 defend his reputationdefend themselves againstin defense of2．单项填空
A war is ________ to break out between South Korea and North Korea, because each of them wants to ________ its own land.
A．possible；defend B．probable；defence
C．likely；defend D．likely；defence
[解析] C第27讲 │ 短语储存 3 show off 炫耀，卖弄
show ___ 出现，露面
(＝turn up，appear)
show...into/to/out 带领……进/去/出去
show... ______ 带……参观
show sb. sth./show sth. to sb. 向某人展示某物第27讲 │ 短语储存 uparound【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 他给我看他的新收音机。
He _______ me his new radio/ _______ his new radio to me.
(2) 她把我引进客厅。
She ______________ the sitting room.
(3) 威尔森先生要走了。请你送他到门口好吗？
Mr. Wilson is leaving now. Will you _______________ _____ ?
(4) 他直到12点才出现。
He didn’t ________ until 12 o’clock.第27讲 │ 短语储存 showedshowedshowed me intoshow him to thedoorshow up (5) 加里总是在找机会炫耀他的拳击技巧。
Gary was always looking for an opportunity to _________ his boxing skills.
2．单项填空
Rescuers had to ________ the search because of worsening weather condition.
A．take off B．call off
C．cut off D．show off
[解析] B 第27讲 │ 短语储存 show off1 Considering the history of our festival，we feel it is important not to favour films from any one country. 考虑到我们电影节的历史，我们觉得不偏向某个国家的电影是非常重要的。
句型公式
Considering＋n./Considering＋从句
第27讲 │ 句型透视 【句型解读】
这是个固定结构，表示“考虑到……，就……来说”。considering是介词，后接名词、代词、动名词或从句等。如：
I think he conducted himself admirably，considering the difficult circumstances.
考虑到那种困难的情况，我认为他的表现令人敬佩。
Considering your age and your inexperience，you’ve done pretty well.
考虑到你的年龄和缺乏经验，你已经干得够出色了。第27讲 │ 句型透视 类似的分词的独立结构用法还有judging from(by), generally speaking等。如：
Generally speaking, it’s quite a fair settlement.
一般来说，这种处理的方式非常公正。
Judging from his accent, he is from Jiangsu.
从他的口音判断，他来自江苏。第27讲 │ 句型透视 【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 就他年龄来说，这个小男孩读得挺好。
_________________ , the little boy reads very well.
(2) 考虑到路程较远，他来得够快的。
______________________ , he arrived very quickly.
2．单项填空
________ its diverse cultures, Spain is an attractive country, one well worth a visit.
A．Considered B．Considering
C．To consider D．Having considered
[解析] B第27讲 │ 句型透视 Considering his ageConsidering the distance2 Nowadays，if a film wins an award at Sundance，there is a good chance it will become famous！现在如果一部电影能获得圣丹斯奖项，那它极有可能成名！
句型公式
There is a good chance that...
【句型解读】
这是固定结构，表示“很有可能”。如：
There is a good chance that he will be back soon.
他很有可能会很快回来。
There is no chance that he will change his mind.
他不太可能改变想法。第27讲 │ 句型透视 【相关拓展】
Chances are that... 某事很有可能发生
Chances are that he has heard the news.
很有可能他已经听到这个消息了。第27讲 │ 句型透视 【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 我们打电话时他们很有可能不在家。
_______________ they will be out when we call.
(2) 他们停止打仗的可能性很小。
______________________ they will stop fighting.
2．单项填空
Tom never dreamt of ________ a chance for him to be sent abroad soon.
A．having B．there is C．there to be D．there being
[解析] D 第27讲 │ 句型透视 Chances are thatThere is little chance that第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．If you are unable to attend the meeting, please send an office bearer from your committee as the r____________ .
2．The speaker had got confused，and started ____________ (与……矛盾) himself.
3．There is no r________ on smoking in that country.
4．There are a lot of _________ (趣闻)about the person.
5．To my ______________ (失望)，the immigration officer rejected my visa application with the excuse that my daughter had the intention of migration.epresentativecontradictingestrictionanecdotesdisappointmentⅡ.选词填空
in defence of, show off, give thought to,
in the minority, view...as...
1．While the army takes both men and women, women are ______________ .
2．The soldiers fight ____________ their country.
3．She never _______________ her appearance.
4．She only bought that sports car to _________ and prove she could afford one.
5．The attack on the ship was ________ an act of war.第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 in the minorityin defense ofgives thought toshow offviewed asⅢ.单项填空
1．First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ________ second chance to make ________ first impression.
A．a；the B．the；the C．a；a D．the；a
[解析] A 考查冠词。句意为：第一印象是最持久的。总之，你永远不可能再有机会去给别人留一次第一印象。the first impression 意为“第一印象”，序数词前受the修饰，表示“第几……”； a second chance意为“又、再一次机会”，序数词受a/ an修饰，表示“又一，再一”。第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 2．The time is not far away ________ the news will be made known ________ will represent our company to attend the coming medical conference to be held in Beijing.
A．until；that B．when；who
C．before；which D．when；whoever
[解析] B 考查定语从句和名词性从句。第一空用when引导定语从句，先行词是The time；第二空用who引导同位语从句，用来解释the news的内容。第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 3．Before you decide to leave your job, ________ the effect it will have on your family.
A．consider B．considering
C．to consider D．considered
[解析] A 考查句式结构。逗号前有连词before，所以后面应该是主句，因此要用谓语动词形式consider；主句为祈使句，省略了主语you。第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 4．She hasn’t finished the work，so there is little chance ________ she will be back in time.
A．what B．that
C．whether D．which
[解析] B 考查同位语从句。句意为：她还没有完成工作，所以她能按时回来的可能性很小。第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 5．He wrote a letter to the manager ________ her.
A．in defence for B．for the defence of
C．in defence of D．as a defence for
[解析] C 句意为：为了给她辩护，他给经理写了一封信。in defence of为……辩护，保卫。第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 6．We ________ the holiday as a time for recreation, but she has a different idea.
A．sight B．scene
C．scenery D．view
[解析] D 句意为：我们都认为假期是休闲放松的时间，但她有不同的见解。view...as...把……视作……第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 7．I don’t mind her criticizing me, but ________ is how she does it that I object to.
A．it B．that
C．this D．which
[解析] A 本题考查“It is＋被强调部分＋that...”句意为：我不介意她批评我，但我反对的正是她批评我的方式。此强调句中强调的是“how she does it”。原句为：I don’t mind her criticizing me，but I object to how she does it.第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 8．Rather than ________ on a crowded bus, he always prefers ________ home.
A．riding；to cycle B．riding；cycling
C．to ride；cycling D．ride；to cycle
[解析] D 根据固定搭配“prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.”可判断选D。第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 9．When ________ to danger and conflict, men tend to increase blood pressure, ________ nervous or anxious.
A．exposed；felt B．exposed；feeling
C．exposing；feeling D．exposing；felt
[解析] B 考查非谓语动词。根据“be exposed to”可判断第一空表被动，故用过去分词短语作状语，第二空与逻辑主语men之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 10．Believe it or not, the number of women who like to show off ________ at present.
A．are increasing B．is increasing
C．have increased D．is to increase
[解析] B 考查时态。句中“the number of women”为主语，“who like to show off”为定语修饰women。根据“the number of＋名词复数”作主语时谓语动词用单数，排除A、C两项。由句意可判断此处用现在进行时，故选B。 第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 阅读写作(二十四) │ 阅读理解技法指导之篇章结构阅读写作(二十四)[阅读理解技法指导之篇章结构] 阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构篇章结构题从其考查内容而言，可分为三种：考查考生对整个文章结构的组织能力；考查考生对后文内容的预测能力；考查考生对文章写作手法、修辞手段的鉴赏能力。一、篇章结构主要的设题方式常有：
1．How is the passage organized?
2．Which of the following best shows the structure/organization of the passage?
3．What will the author most probably talk about next?
4．The author develops the passage mainly by .
5．The first paragraph serves as a(n) .
6．The example of…is given to show/illustrate that .阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构二、篇章结构主要的解题策略常有：
1．了解文章结构的组织形式。从段落组织方式上讲，常见的文章结构有三种：总分式结构(总→分；总→分→总；分→总)、并列式结构(段落之间是平行关系，并且相对独立)、对照式结构(结构形式上是一正一反)。
2．了解文章的论证方法。从论证方法上讲，常见的议论文结构有以下两类：Put forward a problem→Analyze the problem→Solve the problem 即“提出问题、分析问题、解决问题”的过程；Argument/Idea→Evidence→Conclusion/Restating the idea 即“由论点到论据到结论或者强调论点”的过程。阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构3．了解文章的写作手法。在高考阅读中主要考查下定义、分类说明、列举例证和对比等写作手法。其中，“引用”和“例证”是议论文和说明文中最常用的写作手法之一，是历年高考阅读试题中必不可缺的命题方向。“引用”和“例证”的共同目的就是增强说服力，以更好地达到说理、说明的目的。“引用”和“例证”的共同功能就是服务于段落或篇章的主题。
例 [2011·重庆卷](节选)
Getting rid of dirt，in the opinion of most people，is a good thing. However，there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构In the early 16th century，people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538，the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry Ⅳ，King of France，was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath，the king ordered that，to avoid the attack of disease，the nobleman should not go out.阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long－lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking，cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet，it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ.Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea：clothes need to be whiter than white，cloths ever softer，surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt，however，gone too far?阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first－time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt，which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary，Mary Ruebush，an American immunologist (免疫学家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构How does the passage mainly develop?
A．By providing examples.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By following the order of time.
D．By following the order of importance.
【点睛】 C 本题考查文章写作手法。通读全文可知，贯穿文章的主要线索是时间。因此该文是按照时间顺序来组织的，故选择C项。阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构【活学活用】
The Celebration Experiment
In the 1960s, Walt Disney pictured in the mind a future Utopian city with underground roads and a climate－controlled round roof. The real community of Celebration, Florida, built in 1999, applies the social and environmental goals of both Disney and the New Urbanism movement.阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构Disney and the New Urbanism have imagined communities that promote social and local communication. Celebration has a central Market Street district to reduce traffic and encourage social contacts. The idea is that if the downtown area is neatly and closely ranked, people will walk and meet their neighbors. Downtown events like art festivals also bring citizens together. Narrow, tree－lined streets are “traffic calm”—with slower speed limits—to encourage bicycling and walking.阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构Moreover, housing in Celebration includes both single－ and multi－family houses that encourages socialization. Apartment buildings are located close to downtown, and houses are built close together with small yards. They feature entrance halls to encourage citizens to socialize.
“Many aspects of that kind of design are really aimed at maximizing social communication between citizens, not just on the streets but also in community institutions that are very much a part of public life there，” says Andrew Ross, a New York University professor who lived in Celebration for one year.阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构Utopian communities such as Celebration are also designed with environmental protection in mind. The town itself is built on 4,900 acres surrounded by a 4,700 acre protected greenbelt. The greenbelt parks, and common areas accommodate native wildlife and animals.阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构High-rise office and apartment buildings provide close office and living space in a small geographic area in order to reduce urban sprawl, the spread of today's cities onto nature areas. Buildings also minimize environmental influence by using cooling and electric systems with insulated(绝缘的；隔热的)glass, cooling towers, and energy－saving lamps.
“The town more or less borrows very heavily from New Urbanist principles…to create environmentally friendly alternatives to sprawl and to create communities around people rather than vehicles，” Ross said.阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?
CP: Central Point P: Point SP: Sub－point(次要点) C: Conclusion阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构[解析] B 本文采用总分总的方式，阐述了迪士尼和新城市主义运动的社会目标和环境目标，并讲述实现这两个目标所采取的一些具体做法。文章第一段讲述社区Celebration的建立，并提出了迪士尼和新城市主义运动的社会目标和环境目标；第二段到第四段分别讲述了社区中人与人之间的交流；第五、六段从环境保护方面讲述了城市的发展，最后一段进行总结。故B项正确。阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构
1．描述照片内容，如情景、人物、动作，等等；
2．结合自身实际，谈谈你的感想；
3．举例说明你能为家长减负做些什么。
注意：
1．可参照图中文字及下面文章开头所给提示，作必要的发挥想象。
2．词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。
3．作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。第27讲 │ 美文欣赏The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children.
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ 第27讲 │ 美文欣赏【精彩美文】
The burden of students has been a hot topic for years, but the load of parents has received little attention, especially from their own children.
The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes to greet her working mom. Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day's work, the girl helps to remove the bag from her shoulder. In response, the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels.第27讲 │ 美文欣赏All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing whatever she could to let me have the best. But, totally engaged in my own study, I seldom pay attention to what mother needs and feels，and always think studying well is the only thing I could do in return. Now I know I can do my bit to help with the everyday washing, bedroom cleaning, or at least prepare breakfast myself, so as to share mother's daily burden. The picture convinces me it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student. 第27讲 │ 美文欣赏【全品点睛】
①行文逻辑：描述照片→结合实际谈感想→举例说明怎样去做。
②词汇短语：运用了较高难度的词汇。如：remove，in response, remind… of，(be) engaged in, seldom pay attention to; in return，so as to, at least等。第27讲 │ 美文欣赏③句式句法：运用了多样化的句式和句法结构。如：定语从句：…when a little girl comes to greet her working mom/who has been doing…；宾语从句：how happy and thankful she feels/whatever she could to let me have the best/what mother needs and feels/…it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student.等； 以及非谓语动词结构：realizing her mom/to show how happy…等的使用，提高了文章的档次。 第27讲 │ 美文欣赏Ⅰ.单词荟萃
1．representative n．代表→ _________v．代表，代理；体现，象征；描绘，描述；主张，声称→ ____________ n．代表，代理；象征；描绘，描述→ ______________ adj.代表的
2．finance vt.给……提供经费 n．财政，金融；资金→ ________ adj. 财政的，金融的
3．restriction n．限制，约束→ ________ vt.限制，约束，限定→ _________ adj.限制的第27讲 │ 基础梳理representrepresentationrepresentationalfinancialrestrictrestricted4．deliberately adv.故意地→ _________ adj.深思熟虑的， 故意的， 从容不迫的 v．仔细考虑， 研讨→ ___________ n．仔细考虑；商量
5．expose vt.使接触，使体验，使面临；暴露，显露，揭露→ _________ n．暴露， 揭露， 曝光， 揭发， 揭露
6．contradict vt.& vi.反驳，驳斥；与……相矛盾，相反→ ____________ adj.相互矛盾的，对立的，不一致的→ ____________ n．矛盾，对立；反驳
7．resemble vt.看起来像，类似→ ___________ n．相似
8．preference n．偏爱，偏好→ _____ vt.更喜欢，宁愿
9．swift adj.迅速的，迅捷的→ ______ adv.迅速地，迅捷地第27讲 │ 基础梳理deliberatedeliberationexposurecontradictorycontradictionresemblancepreferswiftly10．disappointment n．失望，沮丧；令人失望的人或事物→ __________ vt.使失望，使扫兴
11．sincere adj.真诚的，诚挚的→ ________ n．真诚，诚挚
12．congratulation n．祝贺、恭喜→____________ vt.祝贺、恭喜
13．robbery n．抢劫→ ____ vt.抢劫→ ______ n．强盗
14．accumulate vt.& vi.积累，积聚；逐渐增加→ __________ n．财富的积累
15．fierce adj.激烈的，猛烈的；凶狠的，凶猛的→ _______ adv.激烈地，猛烈地；凶狠地，凶猛地第27讲 │ 基础梳理disappointsincerity congratulate robrobberaccumulationfiercely16．attraction n．吸引人的特征；有吸引力的地方；吸引，吸引力→ ______ vt.吸引→ _________ adj.吸引的，有吸引力的，引起注意的第27讲 │ 基础梳理attractattractiveⅡ.短语检测
1．为……辩护；防卫
2．炫耀，卖弄
3．认真考虑，思考
4．占少数
5．把……视为……
6．模仿奥斯卡奖 第27讲 │ 基础梳理in defence of
show off
give thought to
in the minority
view...as...
resemble the Academy Awards Ⅲ.佳句再现
1．Nowadays, if a film wins an award at Sundance, ____________________ it will become famous!
现在，如果一部电影在圣丹斯电影节上获奖，那么它就很有可能出名！
2．We ___________ a particular type of contemporary art.
我们认为电影是一种特殊的当代艺术形式。
3. ___________ the history of our festival，we feel it is important not to ______ films from any one country.
考虑到我们电影节的历史，我们觉得不偏向某个国家的电影是非常重要的。第27讲 │ 基础梳理there is a good chanceview film asConsideringfavour4．At our festival, Hollywood films are _____________ , while films that _______________________ at other festivals, for example at Cannes, have ______________________ champions.在我们的电影节上，好莱坞电影只占少数，而在其他电影节(比如戛纳电影节)可能被忽视的电影却大有夺魁的机会。 第27讲 │ 基础梳理in the minorityare likely to be overlookeda real chance of becoming第27讲 │ 单词点睛 1 finance vt.给……提供资助；负担……的经费 n．财政；金融；资金；财源 (1) financial adj. 财政的，金融的
(2) national finance 国家财政
an expert in finance 财政专家
the Minister of Finance 财政部长
finances for education 教育资金
the finance director/department 财务主任/财务科
government/public/personal finance
政府/公共/个人财力
(3) financial aid 助学金，助学贷款
financial incentive 奖金
financial institution 金融机构
financial year 财政年度第27讲 │ 单词点睛 【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 搬家使我们的经济十分紧张。
Moving the house put a severe strain _____________ .
(2) 他找了一份工作来支付在德国的费用。
He took a job to ________________ Germany.
2．单项填空
(1) To our surprise, the Minister of ________ is not an expert in ________ .
A．Finance；financial B．Finance；financier
C．Finance；finance D．Financier；finance第27讲 │ 单词点睛 on our financesfinance his stay in(2) I have some ________ troubles.
A．financial B．finance
C．financed D．financing
(3) London is one of the most important ________ center of the world.
A．economical B．economic
C．financial D．finance
[解析] (1)－(3) CAC第27讲 │ 单词点睛 2 representative n．代表；代销人，销售代理；代表性人物 adj.代表性的；典型的
(1) represent v． 代表，代理；体现，象征； 描绘，描述；主张，声称
representation n．代表，代理；象征；描绘，描述
representational adj. 代表的
(2) represent... __ ... 把……描绘成……
represent oneself as (to be)．.. 声称自己是……
(3) make representations to sth.
向……提出抗议或呼吁
(4) be representative __ 代表……的， 典型的第27讲 │ 单词点睛 asof【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 他代表中国参加了这个会议。
He ___________ China in the conference.
(2) 鸽子象征和平。
The dove __________ peace.
(3) 他自称是专家。
He ___________ himself as an expert.
(4) 这幅画表现的是海上风暴。
The painting is a _______________ a storm at sea.第27讲 │ 单词点睛 representedrepresentsrepresentedrepresentation of (5) 有很多教师代表。
There are lots of teachers _____________ .
(6) 这幅画不是他那个时代的代表作。
The painting is not _______________ his work on the period.
2．单项填空
—Daddy, what does the sign “V” mean?
—It ________ the world “victory”．
A．presents B．shows C．represents C．means
[解析] C第27讲 │ 单词点睛 representativesrepresentative of3 boycott vt.(to refuse to buy, use or take part in sth. as a way of protesting)抵制，排斥，拒绝参加 n．联合抵制，联合拒绝购买 第27讲 │ 单词点睛 【活学活用】
(1) The teacher told us it wasn’t wise to _______________ in the class.
老师告诉我们一致不与班上某同学往来是不对的。
(2) We shouldn’t ____________________ .
我们不应该抵制这样的会议。
(3) They launched ___________ imports.
他们发起了联合抵制进口货的行动。第27讲 │ 单词点睛 boycott someoneboycott such a meetinga boycott on4 resemble vt.(to be similar to someone or something, especially in appearance)看起来像，类似
(1) resemblance n． 相似
a striking resemblance 明显的相似之处
(2) bear little resemblance __ ... 与……相去甚远
(3) resemble sb. __ sth. 在……方面与某人相像第27讲 │ 单词点睛 toin【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 你能告诉我约翰和他堂兄之间的相似之处吗？
Can you tell me ______________________ John and his cousin?
(2) 他和他的兄弟在外貌上极像，但在性格上判若两人。
He _________ his brother ____________ but not ___________ .第27讲 │ 单词点睛 the resemblance betweenresemblesin appearancein character2．单项填空
Bob ________ his mother in appearance and his father in character.
A．looks B．resembles
C．equals D．compares
[解析] B第27讲 │ 单词点睛 5 contradictory adj.矛盾的，对立的
(1) contradict vt. 同……矛盾，同……抵触；反驳
contradiction n. 矛盾，对立；反驳
(2) be contradictory __... 与……相矛盾
(3) contradict oneself 自相矛盾
(4) __ contradiction to... 与……相矛盾第27讲 │ 单词点睛 toin【活学活用】
1．用contradict的适当形式填空
(1) The advice I received was often ____________ .
(2) Your statements today are in ____________ with what you said yesterday.
(3) This report __________ everything we’ve been told.
(4) We are faced with two apparently ____________ statements.第27讲 │ 单词点睛 contradictorycontradictioncontradictscontradictory2．单项填空
Every child is ________ , with their own needs, preferences and talents.
A．original B．similar
C．contradictory D．unique
[解析] D unique是“独特的，独一无二的”意思。句意：每一个孩子都是独特的，他们有自己的需求，偏好和能力。第27讲 │ 单词点睛 6 expose vt.使接触，使体验，使面临；暴露，显露，揭露
(1) exposure n． 暴露， 揭露， 曝光， 揭 发， 揭露
exposure __ sth. 显露或暴露于……中
(2) expose sth./sb.to sth. 使……受……影响
expose oneself to sth. 使面临，使遭受
expose sth. 显露/暴露/揭露某事物
expose sth./ sb./ oneself to sth.＝make sth./sb./oneself exposed to sth. 显露或暴露某事物/某人
/自己于……中
(3) be exposed __ 被暴露于，经受第27讲 │ 单词点睛 toto【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 他笑时露出了一口漂亮的白牙。
When he smiled he ________ a set of perfect white teeth.
(2) 作为战地护士， 她置身于各种各样的危险之中。
As a nurse in the war she _____________ many dangers.
(3) 父母不应该让婴儿受到强烈日晒。
Parents should not _______________ strong sunlight.
第27讲 │ 单词点睛 exposedwas exposed toexpose babies to (4) 油漆因受雨淋而剥落了。
The paint came off as the result of ____________ the rain.
(5) 报上揭露了他们的罪行，这些人因而被捕。
The newspaper’s ______________________ led to their arrest.第27讲 │ 单词点睛 exposure toexposure of their crimes2．同义句转换
Making you exposed to sunlight for about 10－15 minutes early in the morning every day is beneficial for the health of skin and bones.
＝ _____________ to sunlight for about 10－15 minutes early in the morning is beneficial for the health of skin and bones.第27讲 │ 单词点睛 Daily exposure3．单项填空
(1) ________ to sunlight for too much time, he was burned dark.
A．Exposed B．Having exposed
C．Being exposed D．After being exposed
(2) It is a journalist’s duty to ________ the truth of the accident.
A．explore B．expose C．examine D．exploit
[解析] (1)—(2)AB第27讲 │ 单词点睛 7 preference n．(a greater interest in or desire for sb./sth. than sb./sth. else)偏爱，偏好，喜爱
(1) have/show a preference ___ sth. 偏爱……
give preference to 给予……优先权
(2) __ preference to 优先于；而不是……
__ preference 首先，最好
(3) prefer doing/to do sth. 宁愿做某事
prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth.＝prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做……而不愿做……
prefer that... 更愿意……第27讲 │ 单词点睛 forinby【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 我们仅凭个人偏爱选择穿着。
We dress simply ____________ .
(2) 父母不应流露出对任何一个孩子的偏心。
Parents should not _________________ any one of their children.
(3) 本周末她选择去野营而不是在家看电视。
She chose to go camping ______________ watching TV at home this weekend.第27讲 │ 单词点睛 by preferenceshow preference forin preference to (4) 我们优先录用有经验的申请人。
We ________________ applicants with some experience.
(5) 我喜欢安静的乡村胜过喧闹的城市。
I _____ the quiet countryside __ the noisy cities. 第27讲 │ 单词点睛 give preference topreferto2．单项填空
It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ________ favors to them.
A．in preference to B．in place of
C．in agreement with D．in exchange for
[解析] D 考查介词短语的辨析。短语的意思：in preference to意为“优先于”；in place of意为“代替”；in agreement with意为“同意，与…一致”；in exchange for意为“交换”。第27讲 │ 单词点睛 8 accumulate vt.& vi.积累，积聚；逐渐增加
(1) accumulation n． 财富的积累
(2) the accumulation of money/knowledge/experience
金钱，知识，经验的积累
an accumulation of unwanted rubbish
多余的废物成堆第27讲 │ 单词点睛 【易混辨析】
accumulate，gather，collect与amass
这些动词均含“积聚，聚集，积累”之意。具体区别如下：
(1) accumulate 几乎可用于指任何事物的量的增加，侧重连续不断地，一点一滴地聚积。
He accumulated a good library.
他积累了丰富的藏书。
However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate.
然而，随着迹象开始积聚，动物园的专家们感到有必要进行调查了。第27讲 │ 单词点睛 (2) amass 强调大量的聚集，常用于财富、信息、所有物等的聚集，这种积累可能一下子完成，也可能在短期内完成，也可能在比较长的时间内完成，但是数量总是很大的。
People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so.
人们倾向于积攒东西，有时并未意识到这样做。
(3) collect 普通用词，多用于指物，侧重指有区别地作选择或有安排有计划地把零散物集中起来。
He’s collecting money for the blind.
他在为盲人募捐。第27讲 │ 单词点睛 Collecting stamps is a hobby of mine.
集邮是我的一个爱好。
All I hope is that we can collect more fund for it.
我只希望我们能为此筹集更多资金。
(4) gather 普通用词，用于人或物或抽象事物均可，侧重于围绕一个中心的集合、聚集。
We would all gather there on Friday evenings.
星期五晚上我们都在那里聚会。
The lords and ladies were all gathered at the palace.
贵族老爷和夫人都聚集在皇宫里。
She gathered up her things and left.
她收拾好她的东西就走了。第27讲 │ 单词点睛 【活学活用】
If we don’t clear away the rubbish regularly, it will just ________ .
A．accumulate B．amass
C．accomplish D．admit
[解析] A 句意：如果我们不经常清理垃圾，那它将会越积越多。accumulate意为“积累，堆积”暗含“逐渐增加”之意，符合句意。amass意为“积聚(尤指财富、货物)”，多用于表示“大量积累”； accomplish意为“完成”； admit意为“准许进入，承认”，三者均不合题意。 第27讲 │ 单词点睛 1 give thought to 考虑，思考
(1) be lost in thought 陷入沉思
_______ thought 不假思索
(2) have thought __ … 有……的打算
(3) thought ___ … 对……的体谅/关怀
(4) __ second thought 经过重新考虑， 在仔细考虑后第27讲 │ 短语储存 withoutofforon【活学活用】
(1) I’ll give __________ to your suggestion that we __________ a party in honor of the experienced professor.
A．much thought; hold
B．many thoughts; should hold
C．much thought; will hold
D．some thoughts; hold
(2) ________ in thought，he didn’t notice the teacher come in，standing by him.
A．Losing B．Lose
C．Loses D．Lost第27讲 │ 短语储存 (3) I have no thought ________ annoying you.
A．for B．on
C．of D．in
(4) He have intended to go, but on ________ second thought, he give up ________ idea.
A．the; the B．the; an
C．a; an D．/; the
[解析] (1)－(4) ADCD第27讲 │ 短语储存 2 in defense of 为……辩护，保卫
defend vt. 防护， 辩护， 防卫； 作……的 辩护律师
defend the country 保卫祖国
defend sb./oneself/sth. _____________ sb./sth.
保护……免受(……的伤害)第27讲 │ 短语储存 from/against【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 他们试图维护他的声誉。
They tried to ___________________ .
(2) 警察都接受过训练，能够抵御刀的袭击。
The police have been trained to _______________________ knife attacks.
(3) 她为其宗教信仰辩护。
She spoke ____________ her religious beliefs.第27讲 │ 短语储存 defend his reputationdefend themselves againstin defense of2．单项填空
A war is ________ to break out between South Korea and North Korea, because each of them wants to ________ its own land.
A．possible；defend B．probable；defence
C．likely；defend D．likely；defence
[解析] C第27讲 │ 短语储存 3 show off 炫耀，卖弄
show ___ 出现，露面
(＝turn up，appear)
show...into/to/out 带领……进/去/出去
show... ______ 带……参观
show sb. sth./show sth. to sb. 向某人展示某物第27讲 │ 短语储存 uparound【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 他给我看他的新收音机。
He _______ me his new radio/ _______ his new radio to me.
(2) 她把我引进客厅。
She ______________ the sitting room.
(3) 威尔森先生要走了。请你送他到门口好吗？
Mr. Wilson is leaving now. Will you _______________ _____ ?
(4) 他直到12点才出现。
He didn’t ________ until 12 o’clock.第27讲 │ 短语储存 showedshowedshowed me intoshow him to thedoorshow up (5) 加里总是在找机会炫耀他的拳击技巧。
Gary was always looking for an opportunity to _________ his boxing skills.
2．单项填空
Rescuers had to ________ the search because of worsening weather condition.
A．take off B．call off
C．cut off D．show off
[解析] B 第27讲 │ 短语储存 show off1 Considering the history of our festival，we feel it is important not to favour films from any one country. 考虑到我们电影节的历史，我们觉得不偏向某个国家的电影是非常重要的。
句型公式
Considering＋n./Considering＋从句
第27讲 │ 句型透视 【句型解读】
这是个固定结构，表示“考虑到……，就……来说”。considering是介词，后接名词、代词、动名词或从句等。如：
I think he conducted himself admirably，considering the difficult circumstances.
考虑到那种困难的情况，我认为他的表现令人敬佩。
Considering your age and your inexperience，you’ve done pretty well.
考虑到你的年龄和缺乏经验，你已经干得够出色了。第27讲 │ 句型透视 类似的分词的独立结构用法还有judging from(by), generally speaking等。如：
Generally speaking, it’s quite a fair settlement.
一般来说，这种处理的方式非常公正。
Judging from his accent, he is from Jiangsu.
从他的口音判断，他来自江苏。第27讲 │ 句型透视 【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 就他年龄来说，这个小男孩读得挺好。
_________________ , the little boy reads very well.
(2) 考虑到路程较远，他来得够快的。
______________________ , he arrived very quickly.
2．单项填空
________ its diverse cultures, Spain is an attractive country, one well worth a visit.
A．Considered B．Considering
C．To consider D．Having considered
[解析] B第27讲 │ 句型透视 Considering his ageConsidering the distance2 Nowadays，if a film wins an award at Sundance，there is a good chance it will become famous！现在如果一部电影能获得圣丹斯奖项，那它极有可能成名！
句型公式
There is a good chance that...
【句型解读】
这是固定结构，表示“很有可能”。如：
There is a good chance that he will be back soon.
他很有可能会很快回来。
There is no chance that he will change his mind.
他不太可能改变想法。第27讲 │ 句型透视 【相关拓展】
Chances are that... 某事很有可能发生
Chances are that he has heard the news.
很有可能他已经听到这个消息了。第27讲 │ 句型透视 【活学活用】
1．根据汉语完成句子
(1) 我们打电话时他们很有可能不在家。
_______________ they will be out when we call.
(2) 他们停止打仗的可能性很小。
______________________ they will stop fighting.
2．单项填空
Tom never dreamt of ________ a chance for him to be sent abroad soon.
A．having B．there is C．there to be D．there being
[解析] D 第27讲 │ 句型透视 Chances are thatThere is little chance that第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．If you are unable to attend the meeting, please send an office bearer from your committee as the r____________ .
2．The speaker had got confused，and started ____________ (与……矛盾) himself.
3．There is no r________ on smoking in that country.
4．There are a lot of _________ (趣闻)about the person.
5．To my ______________ (失望)，the immigration officer rejected my visa application with the excuse that my daughter had the intention of migration.epresentativecontradictingestrictionanecdotesdisappointmentⅡ.选词填空
in defence of, show off, give thought to,
in the minority, view...as...
1．While the army takes both men and women, women are ______________ .
2．The soldiers fight ____________ their country.
3．She never _______________ her appearance.
4．She only bought that sports car to _________ and prove she could afford one.
5．The attack on the ship was ________ an act of war.第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 in the minorityin defense ofgives thought toshow offviewed asⅢ.单项填空
1．First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ________ second chance to make ________ first impression.
A．a；the B．the；the C．a；a D．the；a
[解析] A 考查冠词。句意为：第一印象是最持久的。总之，你永远不可能再有机会去给别人留一次第一印象。the first impression 意为“第一印象”，序数词前受the修饰，表示“第几……”； a second chance意为“又、再一次机会”，序数词受a/ an修饰，表示“又一，再一”。第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 2．The time is not far away ________ the news will be made known ________ will represent our company to attend the coming medical conference to be held in Beijing.
A．until；that B．when；who
C．before；which D．when；whoever
[解析] B 考查定语从句和名词性从句。第一空用when引导定语从句，先行词是The time；第二空用who引导同位语从句，用来解释the news的内容。第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 3．Before you decide to leave your job, ________ the effect it will have on your family.
A．consider B．considering
C．to consider D．considered
[解析] A 考查句式结构。逗号前有连词before，所以后面应该是主句，因此要用谓语动词形式consider；主句为祈使句，省略了主语you。第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 4．She hasn’t finished the work，so there is little chance ________ she will be back in time.
A．what B．that
C．whether D．which
[解析] B 考查同位语从句。句意为：她还没有完成工作，所以她能按时回来的可能性很小。第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 5．He wrote a letter to the manager ________ her.
A．in defence for B．for the defence of
C．in defence of D．as a defence for
[解析] C 句意为：为了给她辩护，他给经理写了一封信。in defence of为……辩护，保卫。第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 6．We ________ the holiday as a time for recreation, but she has a different idea.
A．sight B．scene
C．scenery D．view
[解析] D 句意为：我们都认为假期是休闲放松的时间，但她有不同的见解。view...as...把……视作……第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 7．I don’t mind her criticizing me, but ________ is how she does it that I object to.
A．it B．that
C．this D．which
[解析] A 本题考查“It is＋被强调部分＋that...”句意为：我不介意她批评我，但我反对的正是她批评我的方式。此强调句中强调的是“how she does it”。原句为：I don’t mind her criticizing me，but I object to how she does it.第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 8．Rather than ________ on a crowded bus, he always prefers ________ home.
A．riding；to cycle B．riding；cycling
C．to ride；cycling D．ride；to cycle
[解析] D 根据固定搭配“prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.”可判断选D。第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 9．When ________ to danger and conflict, men tend to increase blood pressure, ________ nervous or anxious.
A．exposed；felt B．exposed；feeling
C．exposing；feeling D．exposing；felt
[解析] B 考查非谓语动词。根据“be exposed to”可判断第一空表被动，故用过去分词短语作状语，第二空与逻辑主语men之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 10．Believe it or not, the number of women who like to show off ________ at present.
A．are increasing B．is increasing
C．have increased D．is to increase
[解析] B 考查时态。句中“the number of women”为主语，“who like to show off”为定语修饰women。根据“the number of＋名词复数”作主语时谓语动词用单数，排除A、C两项。由句意可判断此处用现在进行时，故选B。 第27讲 │ 跟踪训练 阅读写作(二十四) │ 阅读理解技法指导之篇章结构阅读写作(二十四)[阅读理解技法指导之篇章结构] 阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构篇章结构题从其考查内容而言，可分为三种：考查考生对整个文章结构的组织能力；考查考生对后文内容的预测能力；考查考生对文章写作手法、修辞手段的鉴赏能力。一、篇章结构主要的设题方式常有：
1．How is the passage organized?
2．Which of the following best shows the structure/organization of the passage?
3．What will the author most probably talk about next?
4．The author develops the passage mainly by .
5．The first paragraph serves as a(n) .
6．The example of…is given to show/illustrate that .阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构二、篇章结构主要的解题策略常有：
1．了解文章结构的组织形式。从段落组织方式上讲，常见的文章结构有三种：总分式结构(总→分；总→分→总；分→总)、并列式结构(段落之间是平行关系，并且相对独立)、对照式结构(结构形式上是一正一反)。
2．了解文章的论证方法。从论证方法上讲，常见的议论文结构有以下两类：Put forward a problem→Analyze the problem→Solve the problem 即“提出问题、分析问题、解决问题”的过程；Argument/Idea→Evidence→Conclusion/Restating the idea 即“由论点到论据到结论或者强调论点”的过程。阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构3．了解文章的写作手法。在高考阅读中主要考查下定义、分类说明、列举例证和对比等写作手法。其中，“引用”和“例证”是议论文和说明文中最常用的写作手法之一，是历年高考阅读试题中必不可缺的命题方向。“引用”和“例证”的共同目的就是增强说服力，以更好地达到说理、说明的目的。“引用”和“例证”的共同功能就是服务于段落或篇章的主题。
例 [2011·重庆卷](节选)
Getting rid of dirt，in the opinion of most people，is a good thing. However，there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构In the early 16th century，people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538，the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry Ⅳ，King of France，was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath，the king ordered that，to avoid the attack of disease，the nobleman should not go out.阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long－lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking，cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet，it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ.Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea：clothes need to be whiter than white，cloths ever softer，surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt，however，gone too far?阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first－time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt，which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary，Mary Ruebush，an American immunologist (免疫学家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构How does the passage mainly develop?
A．By providing examples.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By following the order of time.
D．By following the order of importance.
【点睛】 C 本题考查文章写作手法。通读全文可知，贯穿文章的主要线索是时间。因此该文是按照时间顺序来组织的，故选择C项。阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构【活学活用】
The Celebration Experiment
In the 1960s, Walt Disney pictured in the mind a future Utopian city with underground roads and a climate－controlled round roof. The real community of Celebration, Florida, built in 1999, applies the social and environmental goals of both Disney and the New Urbanism movement.阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构Disney and the New Urbanism have imagined communities that promote social and local communication. Celebration has a central Market Street district to reduce traffic and encourage social contacts. The idea is that if the downtown area is neatly and closely ranked, people will walk and meet their neighbors. Downtown events like art festivals also bring citizens together. Narrow, tree－lined streets are “traffic calm”—with slower speed limits—to encourage bicycling and walking.阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构Moreover, housing in Celebration includes both single－ and multi－family houses that encourages socialization. Apartment buildings are located close to downtown, and houses are built close together with small yards. They feature entrance halls to encourage citizens to socialize.
“Many aspects of that kind of design are really aimed at maximizing social communication between citizens, not just on the streets but also in community institutions that are very much a part of public life there，” says Andrew Ross, a New York University professor who lived in Celebration for one year.阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构Utopian communities such as Celebration are also designed with environmental protection in mind. The town itself is built on 4,900 acres surrounded by a 4,700 acre protected greenbelt. The greenbelt parks, and common areas accommodate native wildlife and animals.阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构High-rise office and apartment buildings provide close office and living space in a small geographic area in order to reduce urban sprawl, the spread of today's cities onto nature areas. Buildings also minimize environmental influence by using cooling and electric systems with insulated(绝缘的；隔热的)glass, cooling towers, and energy－saving lamps.
“The town more or less borrows very heavily from New Urbanist principles…to create environmentally friendly alternatives to sprawl and to create communities around people rather than vehicles，” Ross said.阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?
CP: Central Point P: Point SP: Sub－point(次要点) C: Conclusion阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构[解析] B 本文采用总分总的方式，阐述了迪士尼和新城市主义运动的社会目标和环境目标，并讲述实现这两个目标所采取的一些具体做法。文章第一段讲述社区Celebration的建立，并提出了迪士尼和新城市主义运动的社会目标和环境目标；第二段到第四段分别讲述了社区中人与人之间的交流；第五、六段从环境保护方面讲述了城市的发展，最后一段进行总结。故B项正确。阅读写作(二十四) │ 重视篇章结构