(共102张PPT)
UNIT 5 FIRST AID
Section Ⅲ Using Language
Ⅰ. 词汇拓展
1. __________/dra n/vi.& vt. （使）淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹没→_____________ /'dra n /adj. 溺水的→ ____________/'dra nd/adj. 淹死的
drown
drowning
drowned
2. _____________/'bli: d /n. 流血；失血→__________/bli: d/vi. 流血；失血→__________/bl d/n. 血
bleeding
bleed
blood
3. ______________/, nt 'r pt/vi. & vt. 打断；打扰vt. 使暂停；使中断→_________________ /, nt 'r p n/n. 打断；打岔；中止
interrupt
interruption
4. ______________/'desp r t/adj. 绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的→ ________________ /'desp r tli/adv. 绝望地；拼命地；不顾一切地
desperate
desperately
5. ______________/'pr kt kl/adj. 切实可行的；实际的；实践的→_____________/'pr kt s/n. 实践；通常的做法
practical
practice
6. ____________/'ta tli/adv. 紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地→__________/ta t/adj. 牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的adv. 紧紧地；牢固地
tightly
tight
7. ____________/'d st fa /vt. 证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由→_________/d st/adj. 公正的；合理的
justify
just
8. __________/'f ɡi/adj. 有雾的→ ________ /f ɡ/n. 雾
foggy
fog
9. _______________/'memb p/n. 会员身份；全体会员；会员人数→___________/'memb （r）/n. 会员；成员
membership
member
Ⅱ. 情境词块
1. ____________________________ 帮助某人站起身来
help sb. to one’s feet
2. _________________ 面朝上（朝下）
face up/down
3. _____________ 迟起；睡过头；睡懒觉
sleep in
4. ___________________ stand by
袖手旁观；支持
5. _________ be concerned about
担心
6. _________ in need
需要
7. _________________ out of shape
健康状况不好
Ⅲ. 情境佳句
1.
句型公式 have sth. done
教材原句 Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had
his dinner interrupted when he heard someone
screaming from another table. 北京高中生陈伟在
吃晚餐，这时另一桌突然传来客人的尖叫声打断了他的进餐。
中文例句 秦始皇把所有的城墙连接起来。
句式仿写 The Emperor
Qinshihuang _______________________________________.
had all the wall joined up
2.
句型公式 so…that…引导结果状语从句
教材原句 It is so easy, in fact, that almost anyone can learn how.
事实上，它非常容易操作，几乎所有人都能学会。
中文例句 他很聪明，能解决那个难题。
句式仿写 ______________________________ he can solve that difficult problem.
He is so clever that
背景导学
该部分的阅读语篇介绍了一位名叫Chen Wei的高中生运用海姆立克急般法疑人的事迹；同学们在分析语篇站构的同时，把握己叙文的写作特点，体会段落之间的衔搂和过渡，然后写一篇记叙文，有条理地叙述自己或他人实施急救的经历。
教材原文 Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table. A fellow diner at the restaurant, Zhang Tao, was choking on some steak. He was now holding his throat with his face turning red, while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back. 教材译文
北京高中生陈伟在吃晚餐，这时另一桌突然传来客人的尖叫声打断了他的进餐。原来餐馆里一个叫张涛的同席进餐的人被牛排噎住了。只见他按着喉咙，满脸通红，他的几个朋友正拼命拍打他的背部。
教材原文 Chen wasted no time. He got up and ran to Zhang’s table at once. With the help of Zhang’s friends, he was able to help Zhang to his feet. Then, standing behind Zhang, Chen did the Heimlich manoeuvre. The food was instantly forced out, and Zhang began to breathe again. 教材译文
陈伟毫不迟疑。他立刻起身，跑到张涛桌前。在张涛朋友们的帮助下，陈伟扶着他站了起来。接着, 陈伟站在张涛的背后, 实施海姆立克急救法。食物瞬间被排出，张涛又能开始呼吸了。
续表
教材原文 Ten minutes later, an ambulance arrived. The doctors checked Zhang and made sure that he was fine. They suggested he eat more slowly and take smaller bites before they left. 教材译文
十分钟后, 救护车赶到。医生们为张涛做了检查，确保他没有大碍。离开前，医生建议他吃饭要细嚼慢咽，小口进食。
续表
教材原文 Choking victims usually have only about four minutes before they collapse and sometimes die, leaving no time for an ambulance to arrive. To solve this problem, in 1974, an American doctor, Henry Heimlich, created the Heimlich manoeuvre, saving thousands of lives around the world. Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre is quick, practical, and easy. 教材译文
噎食者通常大约四分钟后就会瘫倒在地，有时甚至死亡，等不到救护车的到来。为解决这一问题，1974年美国医生享利·海姆立克发明了海姆立克急救法，挽救了全世界成千上万人的生命。海姆立克急救法简便、实用、见效快。
续表
教材原文 It is so easy, in fact, that almost anyone can learn how. If you see someone choking, first call the emergency services. Then, make sure that the victim is really choking: A choking person cannot speak. Slapping the victim’s back will often force out the obstruction. 教材译文
事实上，它非常容易操作，几乎所有人都能学会怎样做。
如果你发现有人被噎住，首先拨打急救电话。然后，确定此人确实是被噎住了：人被噎时是无法说话的。拍打噎食者的背部通常可以将异物排出。
续表
教材原文 If this does not work, you can perform the Heimlich manoeuvre by standing behind him and wrapping your arms around his waist. Make a fist with one hand and place it in the upper part of his stomach. Grabbing your fist with your other hand tightly, push up and into his stomach in one motion. 教材译文
如果不奏效，那么你可以实施海姆立克急救法。具体做法是: 站在此人身后，用双臂环抱其腰部。一只手握拳，置于其上腹部，另一只手紧紧握住拳头，快速用力向上往里挤压。
续表
教材原文 Continue doing this until the obstruction is forced out. Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre on a small child is not recommended, as you may hurt him. Instead, lay the child face down on your lap with the head lower than the rest of his body, 教材译文
重复上述动作，直至异物排出。
不建议对小孩实施海姆立克急救法，因为你可能会伤到他。相反，应将孩子脸朝下放在大腿上，使其头部低于身体其他部位，
续表
教材原文 and then give firm slaps to his upper back until he can breathe again. With choking victims, every minute counts. You cannot just stand by and do nothing. Luckily, Chen had learnt how to give first aid in school. 教材译文
然后用力拍打其上背部，直至他恢复呼吸。
救助噎食者，分秒必争。不要袖手旁观。幸运的是，陈伟在学校学过急救方法。
续表
教材原文 Seeing Zhang choking, he remained calm and reacted immediately. Chen later said about the incident, “How could I justify sitting there and doing nothing We are all humans and we all have a responsibility to look after one another’s welfare.” 教材译文
看到张涛噎住，他保持冷静, 且反应迅速。后来，陈伟谈起此事时说道：“我有什么理由坐在那儿袖手旁观呢？大家都是人，我们都有责任关心彼此的幸福。”
续表
请将范文改写成一篇80词左右的短文。
【审题谋篇】
【词汇储备】
1. 立刻；马上
________________________
at once/immediately
2. 多亏了他的努力
__________________________
thanks to his efforts
3. 被强迫挤出
__________________
be forced out
4. 在任何意想不到的时候
___________________________
at any unexpected time
5. 处于麻烦中
_______________
in trouble
【句型运用】
1. 陈伟的晚餐被打断了。（have sth. done）
_________________________________________
Chen Wei had his dinner interrupted.
2. 他听到另一张桌子上有人尖叫。（hear sb. doing）
___________________________________________________
He heard someone screaming from another table.
3. 在餐馆一同吃饭的一位叫张涛的人被牛排噎住了。（主谓状）
_____________________________________________________________________________
A fellow diner, Zhang Tao, at the restaurant, was choking on some steak.
4. 他立刻站起来，跑到张的桌子前。（并列谓语）
_________________________________________________
He got up and ran to Zhang’s table at once.
5. 他做了海姆立克急救法。（主谓宾）
___________________________________
He did the Heimlich manoeuvre.
6. 多亏了他的努力，食物很快就被挤出去了。（thanks to）
______________________________________________________________
Thanks to his efforts, the food was instantly forced out.
7. 张某又开始呼吸。（主谓状）
__________________________________
Zhang began to breathe again.
8. 学习海姆立克急救法是必须的。（动名词作主语；a must）
_______________________________________________
Learning the Heimlich manoeuvre is a must.
9. 在任何意想不到的时候窒息都会发生。（动名词作主语；happen）
____________________________________________
Choking happens at any unexpected time.
10. 我们有责任挽救任何处于危险中的人。（形式主语it）
________________________________________________________
It is our responsibility to save anyone in trouble.
【句式升级】
1. 用when引导时间状语从句合并句1和句2。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chen Wei had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table.
2. 用并列连词and连接句4和句5。
_____________________________________________________________________________
He got up, ran to Zhang’s table at once and did the Heimlich manoeuvre.
3. 用并列连词for连接句8和句9。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Learning the Heimlich manoeuvre is a must, for choking happens at any unexpected time.
【串句成文】
1. 将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chen Wei had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table. A fellow diner, Zhang Tao, at the restaurant, was choking on some steak. He got up, ran to Zhang’s table at once and did the Heimlich manoeuvre. Thanks to his efforts, the food was instantly forced out. As a result, Zhang began to breathe again.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
So learning the Heimlich manoeuvre is a must, for choking happens at any unexpected time. It is our responsibility to save anyone in trouble.
假设你是李华。在下午放学回家的路上，你发现邻居Bob叔叔因病躺在路边呼吸微弱，于是在路人的帮助下进行急救，并叫来救护车将其送往医院。请根据以上提示写一篇短文，记述整个过程。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I was walking home after school this afternoon when I noticed my neighbour Uncle Bob lying by the roadside, unconscious.It was clear that he nearly stopped breathing. With the help of the passers-by, I closed his nose with my fingers, and breathed into his mouth until he began to breathe smoothly again. One of the passers-by offered to call for an ambulance. Several minutes later, the ambulance arrived, and took him to the hospital.The doctor said I had done a great job, saving the life of Uncle Bob. I felt proud of it.
[解析] 写作指导
体裁 关于急救的记叙文
时态 以一般过去时为主
人称 第一、三人称
要点 1. 在下午放学回家的路上, 发现邻居Bob叔叔因病躺在路
边失去知觉
2. 于是在路人的帮助下进行急救
3. 路人叫来救护车将其送往医院
4. 发表感想
高级短语及句式
1. with the help of 在……的帮助下
2. breathe smoothly 呼吸顺畅
3. offer to call for an ambulance 主动叫救护车
4. feel proud of 感到自豪
5. I was walking home after school this afternoon when I noticed my neighbour Uncle Bob lying by the roadside, unconscious. 今天下午放学走路回家时，我发现邻居鲍勃叔叔躺在路边，不省人事。
6. It was clear that he nearly stopped breathing. 很明显，他几乎停止了呼吸。
7. The doctor said I had done a great job, saving the life of Uncle Bob. 医生说我做得很好，救了鲍勃叔叔的命。
1. drown vi.& vt. （使）淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹没（教材P54）
典例翻译
① He was drowned in sleep so he did not feel it was raining.
_______________________________________
他在酣睡中，因此没有感到天在下雨。
② He called up his memories and drowned himself in them.
___________________________________
他回想起过去的事情而沉浸其中。
归纳拓展
（1）被盖住；被淹没在
__________________
使……淹没在……；借……消除……
___________
（2） drowning adj. 快要淹死的
drowned adj. 死的；溺亡的
be drowned in
drown...in...
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① He saved a boy from _____________（drown） last week.
drowning
② At the cheerful news, he was drowned _______ excitement.
in
（2） 完成句子
③ 看到溺水的男孩在水中挣扎, 他的朋友们毫不犹豫地跳了进去。
____________________________________________________ , his friends jumped in without hesitation.
Seeing the drowning boy struggling in the water
2. panic vi.& vt. （使）惊慌 n. 惊恐；恐慌
When listening to instructions in English, you should listen carefully and don’t panic. 在听英语指令时，你应该仔细听，不要惊慌。（教材P55）
典例翻译
① The crowd panicked at/over/about the sound of the guns.
___________________________
群众听到枪声感到恐慌。
② The big fire panicked him into jumping from the third floor to the ground.
_________________________________
大火吓得他从三楼跳到了地上。
③ She got into a panic when she thought she’d lost the tickets.
_________________________________________
她以为自己把入场券弄丢了，惊慌失措。
④ When the people heard the news, they fled the village in panic.
_____________________________________________________
当人们听到这个消息时，他们惊慌失措地逃离了村子。
归纳拓展
（1） 因……而恐慌
__________________________
使某人惊慌地做某事
______________________________
panic over/about/at...
panic sb. into doing sth.
（2） 使陷入惊慌状态
_____________________
惊慌失措地
_____________
get into a panic
in panic
误区警示
panic的过去式及过去分词为panicked, panicked；现在分词是panicking。
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① The whole class _____________（panic） when the teacher said that there would be a quiz today.
panicked
② Many people were panicked _________ leaving the country.
into
③ Not only do online rumors cause people _______ panic, but they disturb public order.
in
（2） 完成句子
④ 那位女士发现儿子不见时十分惊慌。
When she found her son out of sight, ______________________________.
the lady got into a panic
3. desperate adj. 绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的
He was now holding his throat with his face turning red, while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back. 只见他按着喉咙，满脸通红，他的几个朋友正拼命拍打他的背部。（教材P56）
典例翻译
① Judging from what he said and did, we can conclude that he is desperate for fame.
_________________________________________________________
从他的言行来看，我们可以得出这样的结论：他急于出名。
② After ten years of hard study, he is desperate to pass the college entrance examination.
_____________________________________________________
经过十年的努力学习，他非常渴望通过大学入学考试。
归纳拓展
（1）极想某物
_________________
极想做某事
________________________
（2）desperately adv. 绝望地；拼命地；非常地
be desperate for
be desperate to do sth.
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① We are all desperate _____________ （visit） the Great Wall some day.
to visit
② Dale took his mother’s advice, tried ________________（desperate） and after several attempts finally made it.
desperately
（2） 完成句子
③ 这个女孩急需一本有用的书。
______________________________ a book that is useful.
The girl is desperate for
4. grab vt. 抓住；攫取 n. 抓取；抢夺
Grabbing your fist with your other hand tightly, push up and into his stomach in one motion. 另一只手紧紧握住拳头，快速用力向上往里挤压胃部。（教材P56）
典例翻译
① She grabbed at/for the branch, missed and fell.
___________________________________
她抓树枝，可没抓着，就跌倒了。
② Jim grabbed a cake from the plate.
_______________________________
吉姆从盘子里抓了一块蛋糕。
归纳拓展
（1） 试图抓住……
__________________
grab at/for...
（2） 从……抓住……
________________
grab...from...
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① By the time we arrived, someone ________________（grab） all the good seats.
had grabbed
② He grabbed ___________ the rope for several times and made it at last.
for/at
5. face up/down面朝上（朝下）
Instead, lay the child face down on your lap with the head lower than the rest of his body, and then give firm slaps to his upper back until he can breathe again. 相反，应将孩子脸朝下放在大腿上，使其头部低于身体其他部位，然后用力拍打其上背部，直至他恢复呼吸。（教材P56）
典例翻译
① In the face of new opportunities brought by new science and technology, every country has an equal right to development.
___________________________________________________________
在新科技带来的新机遇面前，每个国家都有平等发展的权利。
② In no way should you lose heart when you are faced with difficulties.
_____________________________________
面对困难时，你决不应该失去信心。
③ Various activities were organized, at which writers and readers communicated face to face.
_______________________________________________
在组织的各项活动中，作者和读者面对面交流。
归纳拓展
（1） 面对……
_________________________________
in the face of/be faced with
（2） 面对面
_________________
face to face
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① Studying at the same school, they ______________（face） with the same problem.
are faced
② Contrary to our expectation, he showed great bravery _______ the face of danger.
in
（2） 完成句子
③ 下班的路上, 我发现他面朝下躺在灌木丛里。
On the way from work, ________________________________ in the bushes.
I found him lying face down
1. have sth. done
Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table. 北京高中生陈伟在吃晚餐，这时另一桌突然传来客人的尖叫声打断了他的进餐。（教材P56）
典例翻译
① He hoped to find a good way to have his written English improved in a short period.
_____________________________________________________
他希望找到一种短时间内提高英语写作水平的好方法。
② Unfortunately, he had his right leg injured during the training.
_____________________________________
不幸的是，他在训练中右腿受伤了。
归纳拓展
（1）have sth. done“使某事被做”，可能是主语自己做，也可能是让别人做，还可表示遭遇或经历某种不幸的事情。
（2）动词have的其他结构：
have sb. do让某人做……
have sb./sth. doing让某人/某物一直做……
have sth. to do有某事要做
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① He was very funny and had us _____________（laugh） all the way.
laughing
② I have a lot of reading ________________（complete）before the end of this term.
to complete
（2） 完成句子
③ 别担心。我让汤姆帮你完成这项工作。
Don’t worry. ____________________________________________.
I’ll have Tom help you finish the work
④ 睡觉前我必须做完我的家庭作业。
_________________________________ before going to bed.
I must have my homework done
2. so…that…引导结果状语从句
It is so easy, in fact, that almost anyone can learn how. 事实上，它非常容易操作，几乎所有人都能学会。（教材P56）
典例翻译
① Usually, it’s so crowded on the bus that I can’t find anywhere to sit.
_______________________________________________
通常，公交车上太拥挤了，我找不到坐的地方。
② We did so well that we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school.
___________________________________________________________________________
我们做得很好，因此我们被邀请与我们学校的所有学生分享我们的想法和经验。
③ He is so clever a boy that he can work the problem out.
_______________________________________
他是个很聪明的男孩，能解出这道题。
④ There was so much work to do that everybody got bored.
___________________________________________
有这么多的工作要做，人人都感到厌烦了。
归纳拓展
（1）so…that…结构：
so+adj./adv.that…
so+adj.a/an单数可数名词that…
so+many/much/few/little（少）名词that…
（2）such…that…引导结果状语从句。其基本结构为：
suchadj.不可数名词that…
suchadj.可数名词复数that…
sucha/anadj.可数名词单数that…soadj.a/an 可数名词单数that…
（3）当so/such…that结构中的so/such连同它所直接修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时, 主句要进行倒装（that引导的结果状语从句不倒装）。
学以致用
（1） 完成句子
① 北京发展很快, 你永远无法想象明年会是什么样子。
Beijing is developing _________________ you can never imagine what it will be like next year.
so fast that
（2） 句型转换
② This is such an interesting book that we all enjoy reading it.
→________________________________________________________________（so...that...）
This is so interesting a book that we all enjoy reading it.
③ The article is difficult so that I can hardly understand it.
→_______________________________________________________________（改为倒装句）
So difficult is the article that I can hardly understand it.
Ⅰ. 语境填词
根据语境和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。
1. I’m sorry to ______________（打扰） you, but I really have something important to tell you.
interrupt
2. She _____________（大声尖叫） for help from the window of the burning hotel.
screamed
3. As an adult, Wordsworth worked hard with another ___________（同伴的） poet.
fellow
4. The restaurant is in a bad condition, so there is not a __________（就餐者） at all.
diner
5. Fish and seabirds mistake plastic for food and __________（窒息） to death.
choke
6. The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with ___________（手动的） fire alarm systems.
manual
7. We were running a little late and the weather was cold and __________（有雾的）.
foggy
8. They are very ______________（实用的） and easy to wash.
practical
9. I held the rope ____________（紧紧地） in case I might fall off.
tightly
10. They feel no need at all to ____________（为……辩护） the choice.
justify
Ⅱ. 语境选词
根据语境用方框内短语的正确形式填空。
at once；face down；help sb. to one’s feet；in fact；make sure；out of shape；sleep in；with the help of
1. When she saw an old man fall down, she went up to _________ him ________________.
help
to his feet
2. The little boy is sleeping, ________________.
facing down
3. The young man is so lazy that he always ______________ every day.
sleeps in
4. Increasing numbers of children are overweight and _________________.
out of shape
5. _____________________ her English teacher, she was able to concentrate on her study.
With the help of
6. Experts insist that we should take action ____________.
at once
7. ____________, life gets more enjoyable as you age.
In fact
8. ______________ to take in the view from the tea shop on the top floor；it’s well worth the visit.
Make sure
Ⅲ. 课文语法填空
Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner 1.____________（interrupt） when he heard someone screaming from another table. A fellow diner at the restaurant, Zhang Tao, was choking on some steak. He got up and ran to Zhang’s table at once and did the Heimlich manoeuvre. The food was 2.____________（instant） forced out, and Zhang began to breathe again.
Choking victims usually have only about four minutes 3.____________ they collapse and sometimes die, 4.
interrupted
instantly
before
____________（leave） no time for an ambulance to arrive. To solve this problem, the Heimlich manoeuvre was created 5._____1974.
The steps to perform the Heimlich manoeuvre are as follows. Stand behind the victim and wrap your 6.______ （arm） around his waist. Make a fist with one hand and place it in the upper part of his stomach. 7.____________ （grab） your fist with your other hand tightly, push up and into his stomach in one motion. Continue doing this until 8.______ obstruction is forced out.
leaving
in
arms
Grabbing
the
Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre on a small child 9.______ （be） not recommended, as you may hurt him. Instead, lay the child face down on your lap with the head 10. _______ （low） than the rest of his body, and then give firm slaps to his upper back until he can breathe again.
is
lower
Ⅰ. 单句填空
1. __________（face） with such a tough situation, he has no one to turn to.
Faced
2. Seeing an old man lying on the ground, the boy ran to help him _______ his feet.
to
3. Whether you work hard or not, there’s no point ______________ （panic） about the exams.
panicking
4. Well, I am a bit out _______ shape because of hard work. I’m thinking about exercising to keep fit.
of
5. I tried to step back, but he held my upper arms too ____________（tight）.
tightly
6. My alarm clock failed to go off and I slept _______ for nearly an hour.
in
7. The country is desperate ________ more houses, and the key to the problem is money.
for
8. She has kept up ______________ training for several years without interruption. （practice）
practical
9. After 4-hour walking without a rest, he hurt his knees,___________ （ankle） and some of his toes.
ankles
10. John was studying in his room when he heard his neighbor ______________（scream）.
screaming
Ⅱ. 同义替换
desperate for；fellow；grab；motion；inpanic；screaming；tightly；welfare
1. Everyone in the building was frightened when the fire alarm went off. _____________
in panic
2. The kids were shouting with excitement. ______________
screaming
3. She has a very good reputation among her companions. ____________
fellows
4. With the situation getting worse and worse, we are dying for your help. __________________
desperate for
5. She tried to grasp the rope but in vain. _________
grab
6. I held the rope firmly in case I might fall off. ____________
tightly
7. The swaying movement of the ship was making me feel seasick. ___________
motion
8. We are concerned about the child’s happiness. ____________
welfare
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. 每一天他都按时交他的家庭作业。（have sb. done.）
Every day __________________________________________.
he has his homework handed in on time
2. 像很多其他女孩一样, 她渴望在英语上取得很大的进步。（desperate）
Like many other girls, she _______________________________________________________.
is desperate to make great progress in her English
3. 他做的面人是如此漂亮，以至于我们迫不及待地想亲自试一试。（so...that...）
The dough figurine he made __________________________ we couldn’t wait to have a try ourselves.
was so beautiful that
4. 很快, 茶室变得热闹起来，每个国际学生都试图自己泡茶。（with的复合结构）
Soon the tea room became lively __________________________________________________________________.
with every international student trying to make their own tea
5. 在恶劣的环境下长时间的努力工作使他的健康状况不佳。（out of shape）
Working hard and long in a bad situation ___________________________.
makes him out of shape
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
Bethany Simpson, a pupil at St Columb Major Academy, Cornwall, bravely stepped in when her stepfather Robert Hoskins stopped breathing on March 15. She delivered CPR（心肺复苏术） before the ambulance arrived.
Bethany’s mother Jane and Robert were watching TV in bed when both of them had fallen asleep, but Jane woke up and noticed Robert’s breathing had become weak and hard. Jane quickly called
999 and followed the operator’s advice, including moving him onto his side to make him more comfortable. But when Robert stopped breathing completely and the operator told her to give CPR, Jane completely froze.
“I panicked and said ‘I can’t do it’,” said Jane. “Fortunately, Bethany heard me scream, came into the bedroom and said ‘It’s OK, Mum. I know what to do.’ She was so confident and took charge.” Bethany performed CPR that kept Robert alive.
Robert, who is now recovering at home, said, “I would just like to sincerely thank St John Ambulance for teaching the children first aid. If it wasn’t for them and Bethany, I wouldn’t be here.” The ten-year-old says she doesn’t believe she is a hero. “I’m just glad my dad is still here,” she added.
Both Robert and Jane believe the government should ask all schools to teach first aid.“This incident just shows why it’s important to teach everyone first aid-especially in schools,” said Jane.“Without my daughter and the training St John Ambulance gave her, Robert would be dead and I would be heartbroken. I’m so proud of Bethany and so grateful.”
1. When the operator told Jane to give CPR, she ______.
A. followed the advice B. called an ambulance
C. didn’t know what to do D. asked her daughter for help
C
[解析] [语篇解读] 一位10岁的小女孩在继父呼吸停止时，给他实施心肺复苏术，使继父得救。
【命题立意】细节理解题。
【解题思路】由第三段中的“I panicked and said ‘I can’t do it’,” said Jane. 可知，简不知道如何实施心肺复苏术。
2. We can infer from the text that Bethany ______.
A. had trouble performing CPR
B. hadn’t learned CPR before the incident
C. was taught how to perform CPR by phone
D. had some knowledge of CPR before the incident
D
[解析] 【命题立意】推理判断题。
【解题思路】由第四段中的“I would just like to sincerely thank St John Ambulance for teaching the children first aid”以及最后一段最后一句可推知，Bethany在继父的事发生之前接受过CPR的培训。
3. What does Jane learn from the incident ( )
A. It’s easy for one to master first aid.
B. First aid is especially useful to kids.
C. Everyone should be equipped with first-aid knowledge.
D. Children should be taught first aid as early as possible.
C
[解析] 【命题立意】细节理解题。
【解题思路】分析最后一段内容可知，从这个事件中体会到急救知识的重要性，并强调所有学校都应该教给孩子这项技能。
深度解析
词汇积累
1. deliver v. 给予
2. scream v. 尖叫
3. confident adj. 自信的
4. heartbroken adj. 心碎的
5. grateful adj. 感激的
难句分析
原句：Bethany’s mother Jane and Robert were watching TV in bed when both of them had fallen asleep, but Jane woke up and noticed Robert’s breathing had become weak and hard.
句意：Bethany的母亲Jane和Robert在床上看电视时睡着了，但Jane醒来后发现Robert的呼吸变得又弱又艰难。
分析：并列连词but前的句子结构为：be doing…when…意为“正在做某事，就在这时……”；but后的句子中noticed后接宾语从句。
Ⅱ. 七选五
（2021河南新乡高二期中） How to protect yourself against the flu
Now we are frightened by the flu all over the world. 1__________ . But how can we avoid it Here are some ways.
2_______.
“Wash your hands” is practically what we often hear these days. Make sure to wash your hands with soap for a minimum of 20 seconds and dry your hands on a clean towel. In public restrooms, avoid air dryers, which blow dirty dust all over the place.
D
F
Exercise can help you prevent the flu.
3__________ . Regular exercise, which can include taking fast walks, has been shown to improve your immune system, thus decreasing your likelihood of developing a cold or the flu.
Drink green tea.
According to an explanation published in Molecules, green tea may boost immunity（免疫力）, helping fight both cold and flu viruses. 4__________ . Drinking green tea regularly may also help prevent infections happening again-and could make you less likely to get one in the first place.
C
G
Don’t count on herd immunity.
You may have read that you can skip getting vaccinated（接种疫苗的）if you live in a place where most people have had the disease, allowing you to take advantage of herd immunity. But effective herd immunity requires that more than 90% of the population be vaccinated against a disease. The exact percentage depends on the infection of the disease, and the flu is highly infectious. People should not count on herd immunity to protect them. 5__________ .
B
A.I don’t think so
B.Herd immunity protects nobody
C.Don’t skip your regular workout
D.Many people have been infected with it
E.It can wipe out all the bacteria easily
F.Soap and water really are the best defense
G.Drinking green tea regularly helps you recover from a cold
1. ______
D
[解析] [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了预防流感的方法。
【解题思路】过渡句。根据前句“Now we are frightened by the flu all over the world.”可知，我们害怕流感是因为好多人感染上流感。D项符合上下文语境。D项中的代词it指代前句中的flu。
2. _____
F
[解析] 【解题思路】主题句。根据下文“Make sure to wash your hands with soap for a minimum of 20 seconds and dry your hands on a clean towel.”及本段其他内容可知，本段主要介绍用肥皂洗手来防御流感，所以F项符合上下文语境。F项中的“Soap and water”和下文中的“wash your hands with soap”一致。
3. ______
C
[解析] 【解题思路】细节句。本段内容介绍的是经常锻炼的好处，C项中的“regular workout”和后句中的“Regular exercise”一致。
4. ______
G
[解析] 【解题思路】细节句。本段内容介绍的是喝绿茶的好处，G项中的“green tea”与空后的“green tea”一致，并且根据空后句中的also也可判断设空处选G。
5. ______
B
[解析] 【解题思路】根据本部分的小标题及设空处前一句“People should not count on herd immunity to protect them.”可知，群体免疫不一定奏效。B项中的“Herd immunity”和小标题及空前句中的“herd immunity”一致。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
（2021河北秦皇岛第一中学高二月考） No matter your age, you may consider My Neighbor Totoro an 1_____________（impress） movie. Delighted, heartwarming, and just plain beautiful, Totoro is one of Hayao Miyazaki’s most beloved 2_________ （work）. A creative couple in Takaharu, Japan wanted to bring that magic to life in the real world. So they 3_________（create） the immediately recognizable Totoro bus stop for their grandchildren. The life-sized 4_______________（construct） quickly turned into a local tourist attraction.
impressive
works
created
construction
I don’t know about you, but I want to go there immediately, even if it’s raining.
Wood, bricks, and cement（水泥） might not sound like a magical mixture, but in the hands of an 5_____________（experience） worker, they became a real-life Totoro.
6_______ old grandparents re-painted the bus stop for their grandchildren. And then they decided 7___________（open） it to the sightseeing public. Thanks 8______ their hard work, Totoro takes shape from a large, wooden
experienced
The
to open
to
bus stop to a painted masterpiece.
A local hotel which just steps away from the statue has been recording visitors from around the world. No matter 9_______they’re from, every visitor has a look of joy on their face as they stand next to the statue. Totoro might be made from cold cement 10______no one can resist（抗拒） a warm hug.
where
but
1. _______________
impressive
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一对年迈的夫妻为他们的孙子孙女们设计了一个一眼就能认出的龙猫车站并因此成为了当地的旅游景点。
考查形容词。此处需用形容词修饰名词movie。impressive作形容词时意为“给人深刻印象的”。
2. __________
works
[解析] 考查名词的数。work作为名词“作品”时是可数名词。one of表示“其中之一”，后接名词的复数形式。
3. ____________
created
[解析] 考查动词的时态。根据上下文内容可知，文章的整体时态为一般过去时。
4. _________________
construction
[解析] 考查名词。life-sized意为“同原物一样大的”，是形容词，修饰名词。动词construct的名词形式为construction。
5. ________________
experienced
[解析] 考查形容词。此处需将提示词变为形容词修饰名词worker。experienced意为“有经验的”。
6. ________
The
[解析] 考查定冠词。设空处的“old grandparents”指代上文提及的“A creative couple”。上文已经提及过的，下文再次提及，需用定冠词the表示特指。
7. ____________
to open
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。根据固定搭配decide to do sth. （决定做某事）可知，此处需用不定式。
8. _______
to
[解析] 考查介词。短语thanks to 意为“由于, 因为”。
9. __________
where
[解析] 考查状语从句。此处表示“无论来自哪里”，故填where。
10. ________
but
[解析] 考查并列连词。设空处连接两个并列分句，并且为转折关系，因此用并列连词but。
Ⅳ. 应用文写作
假设你和你班同学李华从锅炉房打完开水，在回寝室的路上，李华的热水瓶突然破裂，开水烫伤了李华的脚。你对此进行了必要的急救。请你结合此事, 用英语写一篇80词左右的短文，向学校英文报（Energetic Teens）投稿，主要内容包括：
1. 事情发生的经过；
2. 你是如何实施急救的（冷水冲洗、送医院做进一步处理等）；
3. 简要谈谈你对掌握一定急救知识重要性的认识。
参考词汇：锅炉房 boiler house；热水瓶 thermos bottle
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua and I were on our way back from the boiler house when suddenly a sound scared me. Li Hua’s thermos bottle burst and the spilt boiling water caused severe injuries to his feet. I managed to stay calm, carried him to the water tap nearby and put his feet under the running water until the pain lessened. Afterwards, I rushed him to the hospital for further treatment. Only then was I aware what a difference a basic knowledge of first aid can make especially in such a case.(共64张PPT)
UNIT 5 FIRST AID
Section Ⅳ Expanding Your World
Ⅰ. 单词分层默写
1. 单词拼写
①______________n. 技能；技术；技艺
②__________n. （人或动植物的）器官
③________n. 光线；光束；（热、电等）射线
④______________n. 辐射；放射线
technique
organ
ray
radiation
⑤_________n. 酸adj. 酸的；酸性的
⑥___________n. 受害者；患者
⑦___________n. 织物；布料；（社会、机构等的）结构
⑧_________vt. 包、裹；（用手臂等）围住
⑨_________vi. 滑倒；滑落；溜走 n. 滑倒；小错误；纸条
⑩_____________n. （pl.-oes，-os）蚊子
___________n. 地毯
wrap
slip
mosquito
carpet
acid
victim
fabric
______________n. 救护车
__________ vi.& vt. 推迟；延期（做某事）vt. 耽误；耽搁 n. 延误；耽搁（的时间）；推迟
___________n. 针；缝衣针；注射针；指针
_________n. 病房
__________n. 踝；踝关节
__________vi.& vt. （使）惊慌 n. 惊恐；恐慌
ankle
panic
ambulance
delay
needle
ward
___________ vi.& vt. （因愤怒或恐惧）高声喊；大声叫 n. 尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音
___________adj. 同类的；同事的；同伴的；同情况的 n. 男人；家伙；同事；同辈；同类
__________vi.& vt. （使）窒息；（使）哽咽
__________n. 牛排；肉排
_________n. 拳；拳头
fist
scream
fellow
choke
steak
_________vt. 抓住；攫取 n. 抓取；抢夺
___________n. 运动；移动
____________vt. 证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由
____________n. 幸福；福祉；安康；福利
_____________vi. （突然）倒塌；（因病等）昏倒
___________n. 郊区；城外
grab
motion
justify
welfare
collapse
suburb
2. 拓展单词
①__________adj. 较小的；次要的；轻微的→_____________n. 少数；少数民族
②_____________ adj. 电的；用电的；电动的→________________n. 电
③____________adj. （身体部位）肿起的；肿胀的→__________vi. 膨胀；肿胀
④__________n. 神经→____________adj. 神经紧张的
minor
minority
electric
electricity
swollen
swell
nerve
nervous
⑤__________adj. 松的；未系紧的；宽松的→____________adv. 宽松地
⑥___________adj. 紧急的；急迫的；急切的→_________vt. 催促；
极力主张；驱策
⑦_________vi.& vt. （使）宽慰；减轻；缓解 n. 容易；舒适；自在→_________adj. 简单的→ ___________adv. 简单地
⑧____________v. 操作；经营→_____________n. 电话接线员；操作员→______________n. 操作；经营
⑨__________vi.& vt. （使）淹死；溺死；浸泡；淹没→_____________adj. 快要淹死的→ ____________adj. 死的；溺亡的
ease
easy
easily
operate
operator
operation
drown
drowning
drowned
loose
loosely
urgent
urge
⑩__________v. 流血；失血→_____________n. 流血；失血
______________vi.& vt. 打断；打扰 vt. 使暂停；使中断→_________________ n. 打断；打岔；中止
______________adj. 绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的→ ________________adv. 拼命地；绝望地
______________adj. 切实可行的；实际的；实践的→_____________n. 实践；通常的做法
____________adv. 紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地→__________adj. 牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的adv. 紧紧地；牢固地
desperate
desperately
practical
practice
tightly
tight
bleed
bleeding
interrupt
interruption
__________adj. 有雾的→________n. 雾
_______________n. 会员身份；全体会员；会员人数→___________n. 成员
foggy
fog
membership
member
Ⅱ. 短语搭配翻译
1. ____________导致；通向
lead to
2. ____________________ 被分成
be divided into
3. ____________马上；立刻
at once
4. _____________坚持；粘住
stick to
5. ______________确信；证实
make sure
6. ________________忍受；遭受
suffer from
7. ___________________阻止……做……
prevent...from...
8. ___________________触觉
sense of touch
9. ______________急救
first aid
10. _________________各种各样的
a variety of
11. ____________________________帮助某人站起身来
help sb. to one’s feet
12. _________________面朝上（朝下）
face up/down
13. _____________迟起；睡过头；睡懒觉
sleep in
14. _____________袖手旁观；继续支持
stand by
15. _______________________担心
be concerned about
16. _________________健康状况不好
out of shape
17. ____________需要
in need
Ⅲ. 教材原句翻译
1. 皮肤还有助于控制体温，防止身体流失过多的水分，在外物过热或过冷时发出警告，并使你拥有触觉。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It also helps control your body temperature, prevents your body from losing too much water, warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your sense of touch.
2. 可想而知，烧伤会造成严重伤害。
_________________________________________________________________________
As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.
3. 在处理烧伤时，第一步也是最重要的一步就是采取急救措施。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.
4. 根据皮肤损伤的深度，烧伤分为三类。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage.
5. 如轻度的晒伤和其他轻微家庭事故造成的烧伤。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents.
6. 如有必要，用剪刀剪掉烧伤部位的衣服，除非你看到衣服与被烧伤的皮肤粘连在一起。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.
7. 北京高中生陈伟在吃晚餐，这时另一桌突然传来客人的尖叫声打断了他的进餐。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming from another table.
8. 只见他按着喉咙，满脸通红，他的几个朋友正拼命拍打他的背部。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
He was now holding his throat with his face turning red, while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back.
9. 离开前，他们（医生）建议他吃饭要细嚼慢咽，小口进食。
_______________________________________________________________________________
They suggested he eat more slowly and take smaller bites before they left.
10. 事实上，它非常容易操作，几乎所有人都能学会。
______________________________________________________________
It is so easy, in fact, that almost anyone can learn how.
Ⅳ. 书面表达
结合本单元主题，使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
1. 如果发生交通事故，有人受伤，可采用以下步骤治疗伤者。（条件状语从句; be injured; treat; the injured）
2. 我们应该确保事故现场的安全，以免受伤。（make sure; the accident scene; so that; get hurt）
3. 我们应该问问伤者是否没事，看看他是否有呼吸。（the injured person; breathing）
4. 如果他出血严重，我们应该通过对伤口施压来止血。（bleed badly; it is vital that; apply pressure to）
5. 如有必要，尽快将伤者送往医院。（if necessary; as soon as possible）
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
If a traffic accident happens and someone is injured, the following steps can be used to treat the injured. In the first place, we should make sure that the accident scene is safe so that we won’t get hurt. We should ask the injured person if he is OK,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
and see if he is breathing. If he is bleeding badly, it is vital that we should try to stop the bleeding by applying pressure to the injury. If necessary, take the injured person to the hospital as soon as possible.
由单元词汇justify的后缀-ify说起
后缀-fy既可以充当派生词缀与形容词和名词相结合，也可以加缀在词根后面。由-fy构成的动词多是及物的。这时-fy 的意思为to make…（使成为；使……化）。在少数由-fy构成的不及物动词中，-fy的意思为to become…（成为……）。由于读音的关系，-fy与以辅音结尾的词基之间，往往需要添加字母 i，
由e结尾的词则往往变e为i，所以也可以把-ify看成-fy的异体。以-fy结尾的动词的相对应的名词派生词一般以-fication或-faction结尾。试看下面两例：
1. classify（class n. 等级，种类；-ify→classify使化成等级或种类）
Employees in the post office classify mail according to the place where it is to go.
邮局的职员根据邮件的目的地进行分拣工作。
2. uglify （ugly丑陋的；-fy→uglify丑化；使难看）
A scar uglifies his face. 一块伤疤使他的脸变丑了。
Titanic《泰坦尼克号》
1. I love waking up in the morning and not knowing what’s going to happen, or who I’m going to meet, where I’m going to wind up.
我喜欢早上起来时一切都是未知的，不知会遇见什么人，会有什么样的结局。
2. I figure life is a gift and I don’t intend on wasting it. You never know what hand you’re going to get dealt next. You learn to take life as it comes at you.
我觉得生命是一份礼物，我不想浪费它。你不会知道下一手牌会是什么，要学会接受生活。
3. To make each day count.
要让每一天都有所值。
Ⅰ. 单句填空
1. The children_____________（panic）when they realized they were lost.
panicked
2. _________the help of his friends and teachers, he got rid of the bad habit at last.
With
3. The twin brothers_________（bleed）for their country and died without any regrets.
bled
4. Unemployment and the death of his wife drove him to________________（desperate）.
desperation
5. With a bad mood, she____________（delay）the work that she didn’t want to perform.
delayed
6. The mountain was bathed_______warm sunshine, which was beautiful beyond words.
in
7. The man______________（justify）his mistakes, which made all of us look down upon him.
justified
8. He found a coin in his pocket and____________（slip）it into her collecting box.
slipped
9. It was so__________（fog）that we had to feel our way home.
foggy
10. Tom dashed out the instant the helicopter landed and hugged Jane____________（tight）.
tightly
Ⅱ. 同义替换
act as; delay; depends on; ease; out of shape
1. Aspirin is a commonly used drug which can be taken to relieve discomfort._________
ease
2. Because of the bad weather, all the flights have been put off. ____________
delayed
3. A trained dog can serve as a guide to a blind person.___________
act as
4. Whether or not we can start off tomorrow relies on the weather._______________
depends on
5. I have been in poor health ever since I left the army._________________
out of shape
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. 正如你知道的，除了美味的饺子，敬老院里的老年人同样需要的是温暖和关心。（as引导的定语从句）
________________, besides tasty dumplings, what elderly people in the nursing home also need is warmth and care.
As you know
2. 除非你需要更多的空间来放行李，否则一辆小汽车对一家三口来说就足够了。（unless）
A small car is big enough for a family of three___________________________________________.
unless you need more space for baggage
3. 如果可能的话，让其他成年人表扬他们。（if省略句）
________________, involve other adults in praising them.
If possible
4. 我的左脚在足球比赛中受伤了，所以我不能按计划和你一起去了。（have sth. done）
____________________________________________________, so I cannot go with you as planned.
I had my left foot injured in the football game
5. 在一位当地村民的带领下，我们最终找到了那座古老的城堡。（with的复合结构）
_____________________________________, we finally found the ancient castle.
With a local villager guiding us
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
（2021湖南师大附中高二期中）More than ￡5,500 has been raised after a plea last Monday by a vet Dr. Scott Miller. Scott said, “I would like to say a massive thank-you to express readers from myself, from Australia and from the koalas. It’s amazing that people from across the world can see how significant the catastrophe has been. I do appreciate that people are being very supportive and reaching into their pockets.” An area, a third of the size of Britain is estimated to have been destroyed since the fire began in September.
On Friday a state of emergency was declared in the capital Canberra, with residents told to prepare to leave the area as fires on the suburb threatened to spread. And so far, a billion animals are feared to have died, including 25,000 koalas.
Last week Scott told how he had visited his homeland, helping to save wildlife on Kangaroo Island off the coast of Adelaide. While there he rescued a mother and a baby koala that were stuck in a tree. The pair were rushed to a field hospital on the island to be treated. The mum had severe burns to her paws and was badly dehydrated（脱水的）, while her baby son had an eye injury and was underweight.
According to Scott, who has appeared on ITV’s This Morning and BBC’s Blue Peter, the mother is showing “great signs of improvement” and her wounds are starting to heal. The baby has undergone surgery on his eye and is “recovering from the anaesthetic（麻醉剂） and doing well”. But the mother remains dehydrated so she isn’t producing enough milk to feed the baby. At the moment they’re being housed severally but there is the hope that when the baby is a little stronger he will be able to be
returned to his mother.
Even after they recover, the pair will probably spend their lives in an enclosure while the bush takes years to recover. Even more sadly, patients are still coming in thick and fast. Each of these animals is requiring to be housed and fed, and regular medical treatment for their injuries.
1. What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs ( )
A. Dr. Scott donated more than ￡5,500.
B. Residents were asked to return to Canberra.
C. A large area of Britain has been destroyed.
D. Numerous animals may have lost their lives.
D
[解析] [语篇解读] 文章讲述了兽医Scott Miller在澳大利亚森林大火中积极救助考拉的事迹，介绍了他救助一对考拉母子的经过以及它们的恢复情况。
【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第二段中“And so far, a billion animals are feared to have died, including 25,000 koalas.”可推知，大量动物可能因为火灾失去了生命。
2. What did Dr. Scott do in his homeland ( )
A. He worked hard in a field hospital on the island.
B. He tried to rescue the wildlife on Kangaroo Island.
C. He hosted the ITV’s This Morning and BBC’s Blue Peter.
D. He carefully looked after the mother and the baby koalas.
B
[解析] 【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第三段中“Last week Scott told how he had visited his homeland, helping to save wildlife on Kangaroo Island off the coast of Adelaide.”可知，Scott在自己的家乡试图拯救袋鼠岛上的野生动物。
3. What does the underlined word “severally” in Paragraph 4 mean ( )
A. Separately. B. Seriously.
C. Successfully. D. Sympathetically.
A
[解析] 【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】根据画线词后的并列连词but可知，考拉幼崽和母亲是被分别安置的，等幼崽稍微强壮一点后，有希望将其送回母亲身边。由此推知，画线词意思为“分别地，各自地”。
4. What’s the best title of the passage ( )
A. An unexpected fire B. Generous donation
C. Koalas’ recovery D. Koala rescue
D
[解析] 【命题立意】主旨大意题。【解题思路】根据第一段内容，并结合下文兽医Scott Miller在澳大利亚森林大火中积极救助考拉的事迹，以及他救助一对考拉母子的经过以及它们的恢复情况，可知D项“考拉营救行动”最适合做文章标题。
深度解析
词汇积累
1. raise v. 筹集
2. supportive adj. 支持的
3. estimate v. 估计
4. be stuck in 陷入……
5. heal v. 治愈
难句分析
原句：It’s amazing that people from across the world can see how significant the catastrophe has been.
句意：令人惊讶的是，世界各地的人们都能看到这场灾难的严重性。
分析：句中It为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句；how引导从句作动词see的宾语。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
When I was 25 years old, I wanted to travel around Africa with my 1.__________. So I left my hometown with great confidence and arrived in Cape Town on a one-way ticket, not really 2.__________what to do next. Luckily, before my trip actually started, I met a kind, old Nigerian man. He gave me the best travel 3.__________I ever received: “Be like a student on your way around the world.”
He helped me 4._________that travel is about learning and observing different 5._________.
“It’s far too easy to go into a new country for you and believe your ways are better. But if you study, ask questions, and 6._________to learn from the locals, you’ll have far richer 7._________,” he promised me.
On other trips 8._________I was on my tour way to Cancun, I didn’t know the man so I was just a tourist. I only stayed there for a week to see the 9._________and places of interest and then left. The culture didn’t 10._________me. I left the cities and towns without really 11._________anyone or anything. Those people and things 12._________in those very places to which I had 13._________a visit.
This time, I promised to myself that I would be a 14.__________student traveller. After seven months of 15.__________travelling from Cape Town to Cairo, I returned home. Having a student-like attitude helped me learn a lot. This trip satisfied me more than any other trip ever did to me.
1. ( )A. friend B. pet C. backpack D. family
C
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文主要讲述了想环游非洲的作者在遇到一位老人后改变了自己对旅行的看法。
【解题思路】根据生活常识可知，作者想要背着自己的背包环游非洲。
2. ( )A. sure B. excited C. afraid D. concerned
A
[解析] 【解题思路】作者充满信心地离开家乡，行至开普敦，但是并不确定接下来要做什么。
3. ( )A. knowledge B. feeling
C. advice D. reason
C
[解析] 【解题思路】根据下文“Be like a student on your way around the world.”可知，老人给了作者旅行建议。advice建议；knowledge知识；feeling 感觉；reason理由。
4. ( )A. remember B. choose
C. improve D. realize
D
[解析] 【解题思路】此处是说老人帮助作者明白了旅行的意义。realize意识到；remember 记住；choose选择；improve提高。
5. ( )A. cultures B. events
C. places D. backgrounds
A
[解析] 【解题思路】根据下文The culture didn’t 10 me. 可知，老人帮助作者明白了旅游的意义在于了解和观察不同的文化。culture文化；event事件；place地方；background背景。
6. ( )A. accept B. try C. decide D. forget
B
[解析] 【解题思路】由上文作者意识到的旅行的意义在于了解和观察不同的文化可知，此处是说，如果你学习、问问题以及尽力向当地人学习，你会拥有更加丰富多彩的经历。
7. ( )A. task B. dream C. achievement D. experience
D
[解析] 【解题思路】如果你学习、问问题以及向当地人学习，你会拥有更加丰富多彩的经历。experience经历；task任务；dream梦想；achievement 成就。
8. ( )A. since B. where C. when D. before
C
[解析] 【解题思路】此处在说当作者去坎昆旅行的时候，作者不认识这位老人。
9. ( )A. picture B. sight C. show D. mountain
B
[解析] 【解题思路】根据下文and places of interest and then left可知，作者只在坎昆停留了一周，看风景，看一些名胜，然后离开。sight景象；picture 图画；show显示，表演；mountain山脉。
10. ( )A. inspire B. change
C. help D. influence
D
[解析] 【解题思路】根据上文内容可知，此处指文化并没有对作者产生影响。influence影响；inspire 激发，鼓舞；change 改变；help帮助。
11. ( )A. refusing B. encouraging
C. knowing D. teaching
C
[解析] 【解题思路】作者匆匆离开并没有真正意义上的认识任何人、了解任何事。know认识；refuse拒绝；encourage鼓舞；teach教。
12. ( )A. existed B. disappointed
C. kept D. started
A
[解析] 【解题思路】根据上文内容可知，这些人和事都存在于作者参观过的地方。exist存在；disappoint使失望；keep保持；start开始。
13. ( )A. wanted B. paid C. organized D. broken
B
[解析] 【解题思路】pay a visit to意为“参观”。
14. ( )A. beautiful B. proud
C. real D. wise
C
[解析] 【解题思路】根据上文作者对自己从前的旅行的描述可知，此处是说，作者向自己承诺要成为一个真正的学生游客。real真正的；beautiful 美丽的；proud 自豪的；wise明智的。
15. ( )A. difficult B. successful
C. common D. challengeable
B
[解析] 【解题思路】根据下文Having a student-like attitude helped me learn a lot. This trip satisfied me…可知，有一个和学生一样的态度对作者来说帮助很大，这让作者感到比以往任何一次旅行都满意。successful成功的；difficult困难的；common 常见的；challengeable具有挑战性的。
Ⅲ. 读后续写
1. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
We went to Darjelling during the summer holidays and booked a cottage（农舍）for our stay. Our cook Gopi came with us because we could not do without home-cooked meals.
Usually all the shopping was done by our home help-Bharat, who had accompanied（陪伴）us to our holiday destination. However,
one early evening, my mother decided to do all the vegetable shopping by herself. She believed that Bharat did not wait to check the really fresh items and instead, bought randomly in a hurry. As a result, the vegetables he brought back were not fresh.
After getting ready, she took her favorite purse with quite an amount of money, thinking she could go to other shops too after finishing at the vegetable market. My mother asked Bharat to get a rickshaw for her and on reaching the market, she asked the rickshaw wallah（人力车车夫）to wait for her.
She took a coolie and did her shopping happily, choosing some of the freshest green vegetables available there. At last, her shopping was done. She returned to the rickshaw and sat on it while the coolie put all the things my mother had bought onto the rickshaw.
On reaching home, Bharat took all the packets of vegetables inside and my mother quickly paid the rickshaw wallah and got off, forgetting to collect her purse from the seat of the rickshaw.
The rickshaw wallah left soon after saying goodbye to my mother. All of us greeted my mother and asked her about her evening of shopping with much delight.
Then we began to help my mother prepare our dinner. My father came to help chop the meat; I helped wash the vegetables; we were talking and laughing. When dinner was about to be announced, it was late in the evening, almost 9 pm.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Then my mom realized her purse was missing.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then my mom realized her purse was missing. She looked everywhere for it and suddenly remembered that after paying the rickshaw wallah, she kept the purse on the seat before getting off. She had forgotten to pick up her purse which contained a lot of money. When my father came to know about this, he said that it was too late to look for the rickshaw wallah. We all decided that it was better to forget it. Mom felt sad and worried while sitting for dinner.
We were just about to begin eating when the door bell rang.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Bharat opened the door and called my mother to see who it was. To our surprise, it was the poor rickshaw wallah standing at our entrance with a big smile on his weather-beaten face. He had the purse in his hand. He explained that he had returned to the market before he realized what had happened. When my mother opened her purse, she found all the cash in it. We wanted to reward the lovely man but he smiled and said, “Madam, I’m poor but not a thief” and went away quickly.
[解析] 解题思路
体裁：记叙文
时态：一般过去时
原文核心内容解读：妈妈决定自己去买菜→买完菜，坐人力车回家→忙着付钱，包落在人力车的座位上
文章脉络
Who: I, Mother, Father, Gopi, Bharat, the rickshaw wallah
When: during the summer holidays
Where: a cottage
What: Mother was not satisfied with what Bharat bought, so she did shopping herself by rickshaw. On arriving home, she paid the rickshaw wallah. All of us prepared for the dinner happily.
写作思路
1. 第一段应该写的是：家人认为太晚了，钱包找不回来了，并且安慰妈妈；
2. 第二段应该写的是：人力车夫不顾天晚路远来归还妈妈的钱包。一家人很感激要酬谢他，他却不收。(共4张PPT)
UNIT 5 FIRST AID
单元目标
主题学习目标 通过本单元的学习，了解急救的基础知识，加深学生对急救的重要性的理解，培养学生应对突发事件和意外伤害的能力。
语言能力目标 核心单词 technique, organ, ray, radiation, acid, milimetre, minor, victim, fabric, lose, urgent, ease, wrap, bath,slip, mosquito, elderly, carpet, operator, ambulance, delay, nedle, ward, ankle, bled, panic, interupt,
主题学习目标 通过本单元的学习，了解急救的基础知识，加深学生对急救的重要性的理解，培养学生应对突发事件和意外伤害的能力。
语言能力目标 核心单词 scream, felow, choke, steak, desperate, practical, fist, qrab, tight, motion, justify, welfare, colapse, foggy,suburb, membership
续表
主题学习目标 通过本单元的学习，了解急救的基础知识，加深学生对急救的重要性的理解，培养学生应对突发事件和意外伤害的能力。
语言能力目标 重点词块 sense of touch, electric shock, IV nedle, vital sign, help sb to one's feet, face up/down, sleep in, out of shape
单元语法 复习和归纳动词-ing形式在句子中的功能和用法。
写作能力 根据本单元所学的知识、技能和策略, 写一篇关于急救的记叙文, 有条理地叙述自己或他人实施急救的经历。
续表(共6张PPT)
UNIT 5 FIRST AID
背景导学
It is important to know how to give first aid, particularly in life-threatening situations. Examples of these are choking, excessive（过多的）bleeding, drowning, poisoning and the stopping of one’s breath or heartbeat. First aid is what a person can do to a wounded or sick person, or on any immediate situation that involves（涉及）life-threatening matters, before the doctor arrives.
The aims of first aid are: to keep the person alive(This
counts for life-threatening and immediate situations.); to stabilize the condition of the person, and lastly, to relieve any pain, discomfort and most importantly, anxiety. Ideally, a first aider is someone who has attended classes on emergency care and has undergone first aid training. But not all of us have the opportunity to receive such training because of our individual work and activities.
Almost all of us will have to administer（实施）emergency assistance at some point. And if so, we would have to use a first aid kit. This is why it is always advised that every home should have a first aid supply, because an emergency knocks on the most unexpected time.
1. Which of the following is not the aims of first aid according to the passage ( )
A. To keep the person alive.
B. To stabilize the condition of the person.
C. To relieve any pain, discomfort and anxiety.
D. To undergo first aid training.
D
2. Why should every home have a first aid supply ( )
A. Because an emergency can happen unexpectedly at home.
B. Because it is important to know how to give first aid.
C. Because first aid is what a person can do to a wounded or sick person at home.
D. Because not all of us have the opportunity to receive first aid training.
A(共75张PPT)
UNIT 5 FIRST AID
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
（复习动词-ing 形式）
1. （教材P50）It also helps control your body temperature, prevents your body from losing too much water, warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your sense of touch.
2. （教材P50）As you can imagine,getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.
3. （教材P50）The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.
4. （教材P51）Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes.
5. （教材P51）Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.
观察上面句子，并分别写出句中动词-ing形式的语法功能：
句1中的v.-ing形式在句中作 _______ ；句2中的v.-ing形式在句中作
宾语
______ ；句3中的v.-ing形式在句中作 _______ ；句4中的v.-ing形式在句中作 _______ ；句5中的v.-ing形式在句中作_______ 。
主语
表语
定语
状语
Ⅰ. v.-ing形式的构成
一般式 完成式
主动式 doing having done
被动式 being done having been done
Ⅱ. v.-ing形式的功能
1. v.-ing形式作主语
（1）v.-ing形式作主语时，通常表示一般的或抽象的多次行为。
（2020全国Ⅰ卷）Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. 重新读一本你读了很多遍的书，感觉就像和老朋友一起喝酒一样。
（2）有时为了避免句子主语过于冗长，通常用it代替v.-ing作形式主语。
It’s no use advising him. 劝他没用。
2. v.-ing形式作宾语
（1）能接v.-ing形式作宾语的动词有advise, avoid, appreciate, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, finish, forget, keep, imagine, stop, mind, miss, mention, practise, begin, start, like, hate, remember, regret, require, resist, suggest等。
Stop comparing yourself with others.（2020全国卷Ⅰ）
不要拿你自己和别人比较。
The master keeps thinking about it.
主人不停地想这件事。
（2）有些动词（短语）后跟不定式和v.-ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。常见的有：
动词 宾语的形式 意义
forget to do 忘记做……
doing 忘记做过……
remember to do 记着要去做……
doing 记得做过……
regret todo 遗憾/抱歉要做……
doing 后悔做了……
动词 宾语的形式 意义
try to do 尽力做……
doing 尝试做……
mean to do 打算做……
doing 意味着……
go on to do 接着做（另外一件事）
doing 接着做（同一件事）
stop to do 停下来去做……
doing 停止做……
续表
Please remember to give my best regards to your family.
请记着代我向你的家人问好。
I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.
我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。
（3）下列动词可接v.-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。
need/want/require/deserve doing = need/want/require/deserve to be done
The bike needs repairing/to be repaired.
这辆自行车需要修理。
（4）在有些动词的后面，如：start, begin, continue等既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。
They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened.
他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。
趣味记忆
Mrs P Black missed a bag. P·布莱克夫人丢了一个袋子。该句话中每个字母都代表了一个动词或短语，这些动词后面可跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是：M = mind, r = risk, s = succeed in, P = practise, B = be busy, l = look forward to, a = admit, c = can’t help, k = keep（on）, m = miss, i = insist on, s = suggest, s = stop, e = enjoy, d = delay, a = avoid, b = be worth, a = advise, g = give up。
3. v.-ing形式作表语
（1）作表语的v.-ing可以表示一个动作、事实或概念，此时相当于一个名词。
（2020全国卷Ⅱ）My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old. 我16岁时的第一份工作是在尤奇亚图书馆工作。
What they are required to do is taking good care of these old people. 他们需要做的就是好好照顾这些老人。
（2）作表语的v.-ing也可以表示“令人……的”，此时相当于一个形容词。
The news is encouraging.
这个消息振奋人心。
4. v.-ing形式作定语
（1）作定语的v.-ing可以表示所修饰名词的用途。
a waiting room（ = a room for waiting）候车室
（2）单个的v.-ing作定语常常置于它所修饰的名词之前，v.-ing短语作定语常常置于它所修饰的名词之后。
He is a modest and understanding man.
他是一个谦虚且善解人意的人。
（2020全国卷Ⅰ）All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. 所有乘坐TransLink的乘客在上车前必须持有有效车票。
（3）作定语的v.-ing可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性的动作或当时的状态，可以转换成定语从句。
They lived in a house facing south（ = a house that faces south）. 他们住在一所朝南的房子里。
名师点津
注意：现在分词、过去分词和不定式作定语的一般区别：现在分词表示主动、进行或习惯性的动作；过去分词表示被动或完成意义；不定式表示动作尚未发生。
You should adapt to the changing situation.
你应该适应不断变化的形势。
The ground is covered with fallen leaves.
地上满是落叶。
I’m looking for a room to live in.
我正在找房子住。
5. 现在分词（短语）作状语的用法
现在分词（短语）在句中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、让步或伴随状况。
（1）作时间状语（相当于一个时间状语从句）
Walking in the park, she saw an old friend.
= When/While(she was) walking in the park, she saw an old friend.
当她在公园里散步时,，她看到了她的一个老朋友。
（2）作原因状语（一般可转换成由as或because引导的原因状语从句）
Being ill, he couldn’t go to school.
= As he was ill, he couldn’t go to school.
因为生病了，他无法去上学。
（3）作条件状语（一般放在句首, 可转换成由if, unless等连词引导的条件状语从句）
Working hard, you’ll make great progress.
= If you work hard, you’ll make great progress.
如果你努力工作，你将取得很大进步。
（4）作结果状语
现在分词作结果状语时，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开。
The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing more patients to be treated.
这家医院最近得到一批新的医疗设备，这使更多的病人能得到治疗。
注意：现在分词作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况，前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。试比较：
He was caught in the rain, thus making himself catch a cold. 被雨淋后他感冒了。
I hurried to school, only to find it was Sunday.
我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。
（5）作让步、方式和伴随状语
现在分词作让步、方式和伴随状语时，说明动作发生的背景和情况。作伴随状语时，表示分词的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生，此时它可转换成并列句。
Mary sat by the window of the classroom, reading a book.
= Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book.
玛丽坐在教室的窗边正在读一本书。
名师点津
（1）为强调v.-ing形式表达的意义，可在其前加上各种连词。例如，加上when, while，强调与谓语动词同时发生；加上before, after，强调动作先后发生；加上thus，强调结果；加上(al)though，强调让步等。
Though knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.
尽管他们了解这一切, 但还是让我赔偿损失。
（2）having done作状语，表示现在分词的动作先发生，谓语动词的动作后发生。Having finished the letter, he went to post it.
他写完信后就把它寄了出去。（having finished是先发生的，went是后发生的）
（3）v.-ing形式的否定式：not+v.-ing; not having+v.-ed
Not knowing this, he didn’t come.
他不知道这件事，所以没来。
Not having made full preparations, we put off the sports meeting. 因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。
（4）有些现在分词在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的评注性状语
来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如：generally speaking“一般来说”，judging by/from…“从……来判断”，taking everything into consideration“从全盘考虑”。
Judging from his behaviour, he must be mad.
从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。
6. v.-ing形式作宾语补足语
v.-ing形式作宾语补足语时，表示正在进行的动作或经常存在的状态。动词-ing形式常作以下动词的宾语补足语。
（1）表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词（短语）（常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等）+sb.+doing sth.。
I felt somebody standing behind me.
我感觉有人站在我后面。
I saw the little boy crying there.
我看到小男孩在那儿哭。
（2）表示指使意义的使役动词（常见的有have, keep, get, leave等）+sb./sth.+doing sth.。
We kept the fire burning all night long.
我们让火整夜燃烧着。
I won’t have you running about in the room.
我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。
（3）用于with复合结构中。
I couldn’t do my homework with the noise going on.
由于噪音不断，我没法做我的家庭作业。
With so many people looking at her, she felt nervous.
这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。
Ⅰ. 单句填空
1. (2020全国Ⅰ卷) In fact, anyone ____________ （wish） to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says.
wishing
2. (2020全国Ⅱ卷) Chinese New Year is a celebration ____________ （mark） the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
marking
3. (2020全国Ⅱ卷) They represent the earth ___________ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
coming
4. (2020全国Ⅱ卷) Messages with emojis feel more conversational, ________________ (encourage) better and more frequent communication.
encouraging
5. (2020全国卷Ⅲ) They’ll come rushing in, ___________ (say) their handbag’s been stolen.
saying
6. On a sunny day, after lunch, she sat there, ____________ (read) a novel.
reading
7. There was a terrible noise ______________ (follow) the sudden burst of light.
following
8. ____________ （judge） from her letters, Mother seems to be feeling a lot better.
Judging
9. _________________ (live) in Beijing for many years, Carter knew the city well.
Having lived
10. Whether you like it or not, _______________ (travel) is interesting as well as tiring.
travelling
11. Though she has little education, she insists on her son __________ (go) to college.
going
12. The teacher told the students to stop ____________ (write) and ______________(listen) to him.
writing
to listen
13. They were very ____________ (excite) at the news that someone would lend them money.
excited
14. Don’t have the students _____________ (study) all day, which will reduce their interest in study.
studying
15. Don’t leave her ____________ (wait) outside in the rain.
waiting
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. (2020全国Ⅱ卷) 有一条小河穿过农场。(flow)
There is a small river _____________________________ .
flowing through the farm
2. 学走路的孩子经常摔倒。(learn)
_____________________________ often falls.
A child learning to walk
3. 这些学生说说笑笑地走进教室。(talk; laugh)
The students walked into the classroom, _________________________ .
talking and laughing
4. 孩子们让火一直燃烧着。(burn)
The children kept __________________________________ .
the fire burning all the time
5. 由于他不懂英语, 他不知道他们想要什么。(understand)
______________________________ , he didn’t know what they wanted.
Not understanding English
Ⅲ. 语法填空
1. __________ (fall) in love with a beautiful lady, a lion went to her parents and asked them 2. __________ (marry) her to him. The old parents did not know what to say.
Not 3. _________ (hope) to give their daughter to the lion, they did not want 4. ____________ (anger) the king of beasts. At last the father said,“We are glad 5. ____________ (marry) our daughter to you, but we fear that you might possibly hurt her. So 6. _________ (remove) your claws and teeth, you can marry her.”
Falling
to marry
hoping
to anger
to marry
removing
7. _________ (love) the lady very much, the lion trimmed（修剪） his claws and took out his big teeth. 8. _______(come) to the parents again, he was simply laughed in his face. 9. ________ (beat) out of the house, the lion felt 10. ____________(depress)and died soon.
Loving
Coming
Beaten
depressed
1. ____________
Falling
[解析] [语篇解读] 这是一则有深刻意义的寓言故事。寓意：有些人轻易相信别人的话，抛弃自己的长处，结果轻而易举地被原来害怕自己的人击败了。
a lion与fall是主动关系，用v.-ing形式作状语，表示原因。
2. _____________
to marry
[解析] ask sb. to do sth.，不定式作宾补。
3. ___________
hoping
[解析] they与hope是主动关系，用v.-ing形式作状语，表示让步，相当于Although they didn’t hope to…。
4. _____________
to anger
[解析] want后只能用不定式作宾语，意为“不想激怒百兽之王”。
5. _____________
to marry
[解析] 在作表语的形容词glad后作状语，表示原因，只能用不定式。
6. _____________
removing
[解析] you与remove是主动关系，用v.-ing形式作状语，表示条件，相当于if you remove…。
7. ___________
Loving
[解析] the lion与love是主动关系，用v.-ing形式作状语，表示原因。
8. ___________
Coming
[解析] he与come是主动关系，用v.-ing形式作伴随状语。
9. ___________
Beaten
[解析] the lion与beat是被动关系，用v.-ed形式作状语，表示原因。
10. ______________
depressed
[解析] 表示狮子“感到沮丧的”，用v.-ed形式作表语。
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2020全国Ⅲ卷) When he saw the mists ___________ (rise) from the river and the soft clouds ________________ （surround） the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
rising
surrounding
2. (2020天津卷) The dancer’s incredible performance had the audience on its feet _____________ (clap) for 10 minutes at the end of the show.
clapping
3. (2020全国Ⅰ卷) ____________ (land) on the moon’s far side is extremely challenging.
Landing
4. （2020全国Ⅲ卷） I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep ____________ (smile).
smiling
5. （2020全国Ⅰ卷） I hate __________ (lie) to the kids.
lying
6. I suggest ______________ (finish) it in time.
finishing
7. It is no good ___________ (make) an excuse for this.
making
8. ____________ (shake) heads means “No” in some countries.
Shaking
9. Because of his bad health, the doctor advised him to give up ____________ (smoke).
smoking
10. The fruit ____________ (look) fresh in his fruit stand sells well.
looking
11. Last night, there were millions of people _____________ (watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.
watching
12. There’s a note pinned to the door ___________ (say) when the shop will open again.
saying
13. His speech was so ___________ (move) that most of the students couldn’t hold back their tears.
moving
14. ____________ (find) the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.
Finding
15. __________________ (wait) in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.
Having waited
Ⅱ. 句型转换
1. As long as you work hard, you will succeed.
→ _________________ , you will succed.
（现在分词作状语）
Working hard
2. His rich parents died and left him a lot of money.
→His rich parents died,_______________________________ .
（现在分词作状语）
leaving him a lot of money
3. Although he had failed many times, he didn’t lose heart.
→ ______________________________________ , he didn’t lose heart.
（现在分词作状语）
Although having failed many times
4. The girl who is sitting under that tree is my sister.
→ _____________________________________ is my sister.
（现在分词作定语）
The girl sitting under that tree
5. When he was asked what had happened, he lowered his head.
→ ____________________________ , he lowered his head.
（过去分词作状语）
Asked what had happened
6. The meeting which is being held in Beijing now is of great importance.
→ __________________________________________ , is of great importance.
（现在分词作定语）
The meeting being held in Beijing now
7. As she was scolded by the teacher, the girl sat there without lifting her head.
→ ___________________________ , the girl sat there without lifting her head.
（过去分词作状语）
Scolded by the teacher
8. If we see from the mountain, we can see the river running through the city. → _____________________________ , we can see the river running through the city.
（现在分词作状语）
Seeing from the mountain
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. （2020全国Ⅱ卷书面表达）在享受亲近大自然的同时，我们开始帮忙采摘挂在每棵树上的桃子。(cover)
While enjoying being close to nature, we began to help pick peaches ________________________ .
covering every tree
2. 我认识那只在树上睡觉的小鸟。(sleep)
I know the bird _________________________ .
sleeping in the tree
3. 她的工作是洗衣服、打扫卫生和照顾孩子。(wash, clean, take care of)
Her job is ____________________________________________________ .
washing, cleaning and taking care of the children
4. 读了很多遍，这篇难懂的文章似乎容易多了。(read)
________________________________, the difficult passage seems much easier.
Having been read many times
5. 我希望不久之后能看见你。(see)
I’m looking forward to ____________________ .
seeing you soon
6. 由于没有完成他们的家庭作业，他们放学后就被留下了。(finish)
____________________________________ , they were left after school.
Not having finished their homework
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
（2021广西桂林高二期末） Mr. Peter Johnson, aged twenty-three, battled for half an hour to escape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water. Mr. Johnson took the only escape route-through the boot（行李厢）.
Mr. Johnson’s car had finished up in a ditch（沟渠） at Romney Marsin, after skidding on ice and hitting a bank. “Fortunately, the water began to come in only slowly,” Mr. Johnson said.
“I couldn’t force the doors because they were jammed against the
walls of the ditch and dared not open the windows because I knew water would come flooding in.”
Mr. Johnson, a sweet salesman of Sitting Home, first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn and hammering on the roof and boot. Then he began his struggle to escape.
Later he said, “It was really a half penny that saved my life. It was the only coin I had in my pocket and I used it to unscrew the back seat to get into the boot. I hammered desperately with a hammer trying to make someone hear, but no help came.”
It took ten minutes to unscrew the seat, and a further five minutes to clear the sweet samples from the boot. Then Mr. Johnson found a wrench（扳手）and began to work on the boot lock. Fifteen minutes passed by. “It was the only chance I had. Finally it gave , but as soon as I moved the boot lid, the water and mud poured in. I forced the lid down into the mud and scrambled clear as the car filled up.”
His hands and arms cut and bruised（擦伤）, Mr. Johnson got to Beckett Farm nearby, where he was looked after by the farmer’s wife, Mrs. Lucy Bates. Huddled in a blanket, he said, “That thirty minutes seemed like hours.” Only the tips of the car wheels were visible, police said last night. The vehicle had sunk into two feet of mud at the bottom of the ditch.
1. Which of the following objects is the most important to Mr. Johnson ( )
A. The hammer. B. The coin. C. The screw. D. The horn.
B
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了由于车祸，Peter Johnson被困于水下半小时，最后死里逃生的故事。
【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第四段中的“It was really a half penny that saved my life. It was the only coin I had in my pocket and I used it to unscrew the back seat to get into the boot.”可知，硬币是Johnson先生最重要的东西。
2. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage ( )
A. Mr. Johnson’s car stood on its boot as it fell down.
B. Mr. Johnson could not escape from the door because it was full of sweet jam.
C. Mr. Johnson’s car accident was partly due to the slippery road.
D. Mr. Johnson struggled in the pouring mud as he unscrewed the back seat.
C
[解析] 【命题立意】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据第二段Mr. Johnson’s car had finished up in a ditch（沟渠） at Romney Marsin, after skidding on ice and hitting a bank. 可知，Johnson先生的车祸，部分是由于路滑造成的。
3. The underlined part “Finally it gave” in Paragraph 5 means that “______”.
A. luckily the door was torn away in the end
B. at last the wrench went broken
C. the lock came open after all his efforts
D. the chance was lost at the last minute
C
[解析] 【命题立意】句意理解题。
【解题思路】根据上文began to work on the boot lock以及下文的“as soon as I moved the boot lid, the water and mud poured in”可推知，在他努力之后锁被打开了。结合语境Finally it gave理解为“经过他的努力，锁终于开了”。
4. What is the best title for this newspaper article ( )
A. The Story of Mr. Johnson, a Sweet Salesman
B. Car Boot Can Serve as the Best Escape Route
C. Driver Escapes Through Car Boot
D. The Driver Survived a Terrible Car Accident
C
[解析] 【命题立意】主旨大意题。
【解题思路】根据第一段Mr. Peter Johnson, aged twenty-three, battled for half an hour to escape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water. Mr. Johnson took the only escape route-through the boot（行李厢）. 可知，本文主要讲述了Peter Johnson从行李厢逃生的故事，所以这篇文章最好的题目是“司机从汽车行李厢逃生”。
深度解析
词汇积累
1. escape from 从……逃离
2. flood in 涌入
3. struggle n. 搏斗；斗争
4. hammer v. 锤击
5. desperately adv. 拼命地
难句分析
原句：Mr. Johnson, a sweet salesman of Sitting Home, first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn and hammering on the roof and boot.
句意：Johnson先生是Sitting Home公司能说会道的推销员，他首先试图通过按喇叭、敲打车顶和行李厢来吸引其他驾车者的注意。分析：这是一个较为复杂的简单句；名词短语a sweet salesman of Sitting Home作同位语，解释说明Johnson先生的职业；and连接两个动名词短语作介词by的宾语。
Ⅱ. 语法填空
[2021陕西西安长安区高二月考] A
Australia 1________ (lie) in the smallest continent-Oceania. It is a mainly dry country, whose big cities lie on the southeast coast. This is 2_______ most Australians live. The centre of the continent, which is mainly desert and dry grassland, has few 3_____________ (settlement).
Australia is a popular destination attracting many tourists 4_____________ (come) to experience its unique ecology,
lies
where
settlements
to coming
so efficient transport is of great importance. With the economy 5_________ (grow), its industries develop 6__________ (rapid)—a higher level of production, a wider range of products.
Although Australian states are autonomous, it has a federal government 7______________ (responsibility) for matters that affect people all over the country. The federal government is 8___________ (locate)in Canberra. The representatives of other countries have their embassies here. Australia wants to strengthen relations with her neighbors.
growing
rapidly
responsible
located
Australia is 9_____ strange land, a land of vast expanses-fertile valleys, snow fields and deserts-also a land with unique animals, many of which cannot 10__________ (find)on any other continent in the world.
a
be found
1. _________
lies
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚的地理位置、人文环境和政治情况等。
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为Australia，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。
2. __________
where
[解析] 考查表语从句。空处引导表语从句，且从句缺少地点状语，需用连接副词where引导。
3. ________________
settlements
[解析] 考查名词的数。此处settlement是可数名词，few后面需用名词复数形式。
4. ______________
to coming
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。attract sb. to doing sth. 意为“吸引某人做某事”。
5. ____________
growing
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。该空所在部分为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，the economy和grow为主谓关系，需填grow的现在分词形式。
6. ____________
rapidly
[解析] 考查副词。空处修饰动词develop，需填副词作状语。
7. ________________
responsible
[解析] 考查形容词。be responsible for意为“为……负责”。此处需用形容词短语作后置定语，修饰名词government。
8. ____________
located
[解析] 考查固定搭配。be located in意为“位于”。
9. ______
a
[解析] 考查冠词。land意为“国家，地区”时为可数名词，表示泛指，且strange发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。
10. _____________
be found
[解析] 考查被动语态。which指代先行词animals，且和find构成被动关系，故需用被动语态；cannot后面需用动词原形，故填be found。
[2021浙江嘉兴高二期中]
B
Sending gifts varies greatly from country to country. In Australia, Canada, the United States 1_______ European countries, sending gifts is rarely expected. While seen as a nice gesture, it is more important to avoid 2_________ (give) highly personal gifts such as clothing. When visiting the home of a colleague from one of these 3____________ (country), it is normally appropriate to bring a gift to the hostess.
In America, 4____________ (expense) gifts are definitely out.
and
giving
countries
expensive
A good 5________ (choose) is to take the deserving person to dinner, or to 6_____entertainment or a sporting event. 7______ the contrary, gift giving is a traditional custom in Japan. In Japan the proper gift is thought 8____________ (express)the giver’s true friendship, gratitude and respect far 9_________ (well) than words can. So if you plan to visit Japan or to have any Japanese visit you here, be prepared.
choice
an
On
to express
better
Australia is known for its friendliness and informality. So modest gifts, such as a diary, a paperweight, or a coffee cup might 10_______________ (present) to a friend. At a trade show, T-shirts, ties, baseball caps, or a pin may be appropriate souvenirs. Anything more than these types of gifts could cause embarrassment.
be presented
1. ________
and
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界各地不同文化中送礼的不同礼仪以及需要注意的事项。
考查连词。本句中Australia, Canada, the United States 和 European countries四部分形成并列结构，一起作介词in的宾语。
2. ___________
giving
[解析] 考查动名词。avoid doing sth. 意为“避免做某事”，其中动名词doing sth. 作动词avoid的宾语。
3. ______________
countries
[解析] 考查名词的数。空前有these修饰，后面要接可数名词复数形式。
4. ______________
expensive
[解析] 考查形容词。形容词expensive在句中作定语修饰名词gifts。
5. ___________
choice
[解析] 考查名词。系动词is前面是主语，主语通常是名词或代词，应该使用动词choose的名词形式choice作主语。
6. _______
an
[解析] 考查不定冠词。不定冠词an修饰entertainment，泛指一场娱乐活动，和后面的a sporting event构成并列关系。
7. _______
On
[解析] 考查固定短语。短语on the contrary意为“恰恰相反”，表示上下文的转折关系。
8. _______________
to express
[解析] 考查不定式。be thought to do…意为“被认为要做……”，其中不定式作补足语，补充说明主语。
9. ___________
better
[解析] 考查比较级。本句中把礼物与语言相比，来说明恰当的礼物被认为比语言可以更好地表达送礼者真诚的友谊。所以使用比较级形式better。
10. _________________
be presented
[解析] 考查被动语态。由语境可知，此处使用提示词的被动语态形式。空前有情态动词might，故填be presented。(共108张PPT)
UNIT 5 FIRST AID
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
Ⅰ. 课文翻译
教材原文 FIRST AID FOR BURNS The skin is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ. Your skin acts as a barrier against disease, toxins, and the sun’s rays. It also helps control your body temperature, 教材译文
烧伤急救处理
皮肤是人体必不可少的一部分，也是人体最大的器官。皮肤是一道屏障, 能阻挡疾病、毒素和太阳光线的侵入。皮肤还有助于控制体温，
续表
教材原文 FIRST AID FOR BURNS prevents your body from losing too much water, warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your sense of touch. As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid. 教材译文
烧伤急救处理
防止身体流失过多的水分，在外物过热或过冷时发出警告，并使你拥有触觉。可想而知, 烧伤会造成严重后果。在处理烧伤时，第一步也是最重要的一步就是采取急救措施。
续表
教材原文 CAUSES OF BURNS You can get burnt by a variety of things： hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, acids or other chemicals. 教材译文
烧伤的原因
很多东西都会造成烧伤：灼热的液体、蒸汽、明火、辐射、太阳光、电流、酸性物质或其他化学品。
续表
教材原文 TYPES OF BURNS Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage. ·First-degree burns These affect only the top few millimetres of the skin. These burns are not serious. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents. 教材译文
烧伤的种类
根据皮肤损伤的深度，烧伤分为三类。
·一度烧伤：仅伤及最上层几毫米的皮肤。此类烧伤并不严重，如轻度的晒伤和其他轻微家庭事故造成的烧伤。
续表
教材原文 TYPES OF BURNS ·Second-degree burns These go below the top layer of the skin. They are serious and take a few weeks to get better. Examples include burns caused by hot liquids. 教材译文
烧伤的种类
·二度烧伤：伤及最上层皮肤以下的部位。此类烧伤较为严重，需要数周时间才能康复，如灼热的液体造成的烧伤。
续表
教材原文 TYPES OF BURNS ·Third-degree burns These affect every layer of the skin, and sometimes the tissue under it. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes or petrol fires. These burns cause very severe internal injuries and the victim must go to the hospital at once. 教材译文
烧伤的种类
·三度烧伤：伤及每一层皮肤，有时甚至伤及皮下组织，如因电击灼伤、衣服着火造成的烧伤, 或汽油起火造成的烧伤。此类烧伤会引起非常严重的内部损伤，伤者必须立即送往医院。
续表
教材原文 CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNS First-degree burns ·dry, red and mildly swollen ·mildly painful ·turn white when pressed 教材译文
烧伤的特点
一度烧伤
·干燥、发红、微肿
·微痛
·受压时变白
续表
教材原文 CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNS Second-degree burns ·red and swollen; blisters; watery surface ·extremely painful 教材译文
烧伤的特点
二度烧伤
·发红、肿胀；起水疱；表层渗液
·极度疼痛
续表
教材原文 CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNS Third-degree burns ·black and white ·swollen; the tissue underneath can often be seen ·little or no pain if nerves are damaged; may be painful around the edges of the burn 教材译文
烧伤的特点
三度烧伤
·皮肤发黑或变白
·肿胀；通常可见皮下组织
·如神经受损, 则微痛或无痛感；创面边缘或有痛感
续表
教材原文 FIRST-AID TREATMENT 1 Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. The cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and swelling. 2 Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth. 教材译文
急救处理
1 将烧伤部位放在流动的冷水下冲洗，尤其在前十分钟。冷水冲洗可阻止烧伤进程，缓解疼痛和肿胀。
2 用干净的布轻轻吸干烧伤部位的水分。
续表
教材原文 FIRST-AID TREATMENT 3 Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 4 Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. 教材译文
急救处理
3 如有必要, 用剪刀剪掉烧伤部位的衣服, 除非衣服与被烧伤的皮肤粘连在一起。
4 用干净透气的布盖住烧伤部位。在受伤处涂抹油膏不可取，因为这会阻碍伤口散热，而且可能引发感染。
续表
教材原文 FIRST-AID TREATMENT 5 If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still breathe. 6 If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once. 教材译文
急救处理
5 如果烧伤部位在脸上，应确保伤者仍可呼吸。
6 如果伤者是二度或三度烧伤，必须立刻送往医院。
Ⅱ. 词汇拓展
① _______________/'m li: mi: t （r）/n. 毫米；千分之一米→__________/'mi: t r/n. 米
millimetre
metre
② __________/'ma n （r）/adj. 较小的；次要的；轻微的→_____________/ma 'n r ti/n. 少数；少数民族
minor
minority
③ _____________/ 'lektr k/adj. 电的；用电的；电动的→________________/ lek’tr s ti/n. 电
electric
electricity
④ ____________/'sw l n/adj. （身体部位）肿起的；肿胀的→__________/swel/vi. （swelled, swollen）膨胀；肿胀
swollen
swell
⑤ __________/n v/n. 神经→____________/'n v s/adj. 神经紧张的
nerve
nervous
⑥ __________/lu: s/adj. 松的；未系紧的；宽松的→____________/'lu: sli/adv. 宽松地
loose
loosely
⑦ ___________/' d nt/adj. 紧急的；急迫的；急切的→_________/ d /vt. 催促；极力主张；驱赶
urgent
urge
⑧ _________/i: z/vi.& vt. （使）宽慰；减轻；缓解 n. 容易；舒适；自在→_________/'i: zi/adj. 容易的
ease
easy
Ⅲ. 情境词块
1. ___________________阻止……做……
prevent...from...
2. ____________导致；通向
lead to
3. ____________________被分成
be divided into
4. ____________马上；立刻
at once
5. _____________坚持；粘住
stick to
8. _________sense of touch
触觉
9. _________first aid
急救
10. _______________a variety of
各种各样的
6. ______________确信；证实
make sure
7. ________________忍受；遭受
suffer from
Ⅳ. 情境佳句
1.
句型公式 as引导的定语从句
教材原句 As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. 可想而知，烧伤会造成严重伤害。
中文例句 我们大家都知道，遵守交通规则是十分重要的。
句式仿写 ________________, it’s vital to obey traffic rules.
As we all know
2.
句型公式 现在分词短语作状语
教材原句 Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage. 根据皮肤损伤的深度，烧伤分为三类。
中文例句 出于对妈妈好意的理解，我满怀感激地吃着她提供的所有食物。
句式仿写 ______________________________________, I eat all the food that is provided by Mom with appreciation.
Understanding her good intentions
3.
句型公式 if省略结构
教材原句 Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 如有必要，用剪刀剪掉烧伤部位的衣服，除非你看到衣服与被烧伤的皮肤粘连在一起。
中文例句 如果有可能的话，我将亲自去那里一趟。
句式仿写 _____________, I’ll go there myself.
If possible
Ⅰ. 文本理解
Reading for the main idea.
Choose the best answer according to the text.
1. The writer writes this passage mainly to______.
A. tell us how to protect ourselves from being burned
B. teach us how to do first aid
C. introduce the various degrees of burns to us
D. give us some information about first aid for burns
D
2. Match the each part with its main idea.
Part 1 A. the three types of burns
Part 2 B. what to do if someone gets burned
Part 3 C. the functions of the skin
Part 4 D. the symptoms of burns
Part 5 E. how we get burned
Reading for the structure.
Fill in the blanks with proper words.
FIRST AID FOR BURNS
FUNCTIONS OF SKIN a barrier against 1.____________, toxins and the sun’s rays; helping control your body temperature;
2.____________you when things are too hot or cold; giving you your sense of touch
CAUSES OF BURNS hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, acids or other chemicals
disease
warning
续表
FIRST AID FOR BURNS
TYPES OF BURNS ·First-degree burns: not 3.__________.
·Second-degree burns: serious
·Third-degree burns：every 4.________ of the skin; sometimes the tissue under it
CHARACTERISTICS OF BURNS ·First-degree burns: dry, red and mildly swollen; mildly painful; turn white when 5.____________
·Second-degree burns: red and swollen; blisters; watery surface; extremely painful·Third-degree burns: black and white; swollen; little or no 6.____________
serious
layer
pressed
pain
续表
FIRST AID FOR BURNS
FIRST-AID TREATMENT ·Place burns under cool 7.______________
·Dry the burnt area 8.____________________________
·Remove any clothes
·Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Applying oil to the 9.______________ is a bad idea.
·If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still 10.__________
·An urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once
running water
gently with a clean cloth
injured areas
breathe
Reading for the details.
Choose the best answer according to the text.
1. What is your body’s largest organ ( )
A. The head. B. The skin. C. The legs. D. The feet.
B
2. How many types of burns are there altogether ( )
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
C
3. Which is the characteristic first and second-degree burns share ( )
A. Being mildly painful. B. Being dry.
C. Being red. D. Blisters.
C
4. Which of the following is NOT the function of the skin according to the text ( )
A. It protects you against disease, toxins and the sun’s rays.
B. It helps the heart beat.
C. It helps control your body temperature.
D. It gives you your sense of touch.
B
5. If someone gets burned and his hands get black and white and the tissue underneath can often be seen, it belongs to .( )
A. the first degree B. the second degree
C. the third degree D. none of the above
C
Ⅱ. 难句突破
1. ①______________________________________②_________________, ③_________________________________________________________.
【分析】①是一个_________句，其中现在分词短语using scissors在句中作_________状语；②为省略句，补全后为：_______________________；③中unless意为“除非”，在句中引导_____________从句。
【译文】_________________________________________________________________________________
Remove any clothes using scissors
if necessary
unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin
祈使
方式
if it is necessary
条件状语
如有必要，用剪刀剪掉烧伤部位的衣服，除非你看到衣服与被烧伤的皮肤粘连在一起。
2. ①____________________________________________________, ②___________________________________________________________________.
【分析】①中动名词短语在主句中作_________；②中从属连词as在句中引导_____________从句， and在该从句中连接两个并列的谓语动词。
【译文】_____________________________________________________________________
Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea
as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection
主语
原因状语
在受伤处涂抹油膏不可取，因为这会阻碍伤口散热，而且可能引发感染。
Ⅲ. 概要写作
Step 1 Question Answering
根据课文内容回答下列问题。
1. What is the function of the skin
______________________________________________________________________________________
The skin is an essential part of your body and acts as a barrier against disease.
2. How many types are burns divided into and what are they
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Burns are divided into three types; first-degree burns, second-degree burns and third-degree burns.
3. What can we do with the first-degree burns
___________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes.
Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth.
Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary.
Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth.
If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still breathe.
4. How can we deal with a victim suffering from second or third-degree burns
____________________________________________________
We should send him/her to the hospital at once.
Step 2 Sentence Rewriting
1. 使用非限制性定语从句改写第1句。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
The skin, which acts as a barrier against disease, is an essential part of your body.
2. 使用同位语结构改写第2句。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Burns are divided into three types-first-degree burns, second-degree burns and third-degree burns.
3. 使用总结性词汇（common practices）替代第3句中的具体做法。
____________________________________________________________
Some common practices can deal with first-degree burns.
4. 使用主从复合句改写第4句。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, he/she should be taken to the hospital at once.
Step 3 Summary Writing
1. 将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的文章概要。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The skin, which acts as a barrier against disease, is an essential part of your body. Burns are divided into three types-first-degree burns, second-degree burns and third-degree burns. Some common practices can deal with first-degree burns. However, if the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, he/she should be taken to the hospital at once.
1. prevent...from...阻止……做……
It also helps control your body temperature, prevents your body from losing too much water, warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your sense of touch. 皮肤还有助于控制体温，防止身体流失过多的水分，在外物过热或过冷时发出警告，并使你拥有触觉。（教材P50）
典例翻译
① Nothing can prevent me from doing what I want to.
_________________________________
没有什么能够阻止我想做的事。
② He said they should not be stopped from studying for their degrees.
_____________________________________________
他说他们不应该被剥夺为学位而学习的权利。
③ They were kept from going on holiday by their lack of money.
_____________________________
他们因缺钱而不能去度假。
归纳拓展
阻止……做……____________________________________________
误区警示
prevent/stop/keep...from doing...
①在“stop/prevent/keep…from doing…”中, stop与prevent结构中的from可以省略, “keep…from doing…”中的from不能省略；
②在被动语态中, 以上短语中的介词from都不能省略。
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① We should prevent the river _________________________ (pollute) further.
(from)being polluted
② That’s the best way you thought of to keep students_________getting tired of study.
from
（2） 句型转换
③ 用被动语态改写句①。
_______________________________________________________________
The river should be prevented from being polluted further.
2. injury n. （对躯体的）伤害，损伤
As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. 可想而知，烧伤会造成严重伤害。（教材P50）
典例翻译
① Be careful, or you’ll do an injury to yourself.
_______________________________
小心，否则你会伤了你自己。
② The injured were sent to the nearest hospital at once.
_________________________________
伤员们立刻被送往最近的医院。
归纳拓展
（1）_____________________________ = do sb. an injury伤害某人
（2）injure vt. 损害；伤害
（3）injured adj. 受伤的，委屈的
____________________伤员（代表一类人；谓语动词常用复数形式）
do an injury to sb.
the injured
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① What the newspaper reported did______great injury to her fame.
a
② These chemicals come from the ____________ (injure)parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.
injured
（2） 完成句子
③ 我听说她的儿子在事故中受伤了。
I heard that________________________________________.
her son was injured in the accident
3. minor adj. 较小的；次要的；轻微的
Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents. 如轻度的晒伤和其他轻微家庭事故造成的烧伤。（教材P50）
典例翻译
① There may be some minor changes to the schedule.
___________________________________
时间安排也许会有些小小的变动。
② The/A minority of population in the country lives/live in cities.
___________________________________
这个国家的少数人口住在城市里。
③ The women are in the/a minority in the organization.
_____________________________
妇女在这个组织中占少数。
归纳拓展
（1） 少数的______________________
a/the minority of
（2） minority n. 少数; 少数民族
占少数_________________________
be in the/a minority
名师点津
the minority单独作主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若强调个体，谓语动词用复数形式。
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① Some_____________(minor) languages are losing their identities because of the invasion of more popular spoken ones.
minority
② These troubled students are only_______a small minority.
in
（2） 完成句子
③ 这个问题并不严重, 应该很快就会解决。
_________________________, and it should be quickly overcome.
The problem is minor
4. urgent adj. 紧急的；紧迫的；迫切的
If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once. 如果伤者是二度或三度烧伤，必须立刻送往医院。（教材P51）
典例翻译
① In some countries, there is an urgent need for food and water.
_______________________________
在一些国家，急需食物和水。
② They urge the importance of safety.
___________________________
他们强调安全的重要性。
③ There are a lot of old people waiting there urgently.
_____________________________________
有很多老人正在那里焦急地等待着。
④ In case of urgency, call the police.
_____________________________________
一旦发生紧急情况，打电话给警察。
归纳拓展
（1） _________v. 力劝；敦促；主张；强烈要求 n. 强烈的愿望
urge
（2） _____________adv. 紧急地，急迫地
urgently
（3） ____________n. 紧迫；急迫；急事；紧要
urgency
学以致用
选词填空(urge/urgently/urgent/ urgency)
① When he was a child, he had an _________ to become a film star.
urge
② The doctor has been called to an ___________ case.
urgent
③ She was surprised at the ____________ in his voice.
urgency
④ The money was most _____________ required.
urgently
5. ease vi.& vt. （使）宽慰；减轻；缓解 n. 容易；舒适；自在Putting butter or oil on burns helps because it may reduce swelling and ease discomfort. 在烧伤处涂黄油或油有效因为它可以减轻肿胀和缓解不适。（教材P51）
典例翻译
① Walking helped to ease him of his pain.
_____________________________
散步帮助减轻了他的痛苦。
② She has an ability to put/set people at ease.
_______________________________
她有能力让人们感到不拘束。
③ Now he can set his mind at ease because he has passed the examination with ease.
___________________________________________________
现在他可以放心了，因为他已经轻松地通过了考试。
归纳拓展
（1） 使某人消除/减轻……__________________
ease sb. of...
（2） 使某人感到舒适、不拘束________________________
舒适；快活；自由自在____________
容易地______________
put/set sb. at ease
at ease
with ease
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① At first, he didn’t feel _______ ease in the strange surroundings but later he adapted to it.
at
② We live in an age when more information is available _________ greater ease than ever before.
with
（2） 完成句子
③ 这种音乐有助于减轻他的痛苦。
This kind of music _______________________________.
helps ease him of his pain
1. as引导的定语从句
As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. 可想而知，烧伤会造成严重伤害。（教材P50）
典例翻译
① As we all know( = As is known to all), walking every day does good to our health.
_____________________________________________
大家都知道，每天散步对我们的健康有好处。
② She is late, as is often the case.
_____________________________
她迟到了，这是经常的事。
③ As is mentioned above, the number of the people who exercise in the morning, is increasing.
_______________________________________
正如上面提到的，晨练的人数在增加。
归纳拓展
（1） 众所周知______________________________________
as is known to all/as we all know
（2） 这是常有的事_________________________
as is often the case
（3） 正如上面所提到的__________________________
as is mentioned above
学以致用
完成句子
① ______________________________________, friendship always comes first.
我们都知道，友谊总是第一位的。
As we all know/As is known to all
② The hall,_________________________, becomes very crowded.
大厅里变得非常拥挤，情况常常如此。
as is often the case
③ __________________________, where there is a will, there is a way.
如上所述，有志者事竟成。
As is mentioned above
2. if省略结构
Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 如有必要，用剪刀剪掉烧伤部位的衣服，除非你看到衣服与被烧伤的皮肤粘连在一起。（教材P51）
典例翻译
① I’d like to help you find a proper host family nearby the university if necessary.
_________________________________________________________________
如果有必要的话，我想帮助你在大学附近找到一个合适的寄宿家庭。
② If so, it is time for you to think again.
_______________________________________
如果这样的话，你需要再考虑一下了。
③ I think there’s a train at midday. If not, you’ll have to wait till 12：30.
_________________________________________________________
我想正午会有一班火车。要是没有，你只好等到12点半了。
④ I hope you could appreciate that I must spare no effort to do well in my final exam if possible.
___________________________________________________________________
如果可能的话我希望你能理解，我必须不遗余力地在期末考试当中考好。
归纳拓展
（1） 如果是这样的话 __________
if so
（2） 如果不是这样的话 ___________
if not
（3） 如果有可能________________
if possible
（4）if ever如果有过/发生过的话
（5）if any如果有的话
学以致用
完成句子
① Do you agree that I will put off our visit to Yunnan __________, write back to tell me about it as soon as possible.
你赞同我推迟我们去云南的旅行吗？如果赞同, 请尽快写信告诉我。
If so
② Theclimatehereisquitepleasant, thetemperaturerarely, ____________ , reaching 30℃ in summer.
这里的气候宜人, 在夏季温度如果曾经有过也极少达到30摄氏度。
if ever
③ I might see you tomorrow.___________, then it’ll be Saturday.
我可能明天去看你。如果不是明天，那就在周六。
If not
④ Walk around every hour or so, ________________.
如果可能，每隔大约一个小时都走动走动。
if possible
Ⅰ. 语境填词
根据语境和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。
1. The ___________ （受害者） suffered a serious injury and lost a lot of blood.
victim
2. I look for the discount store advertised in the____________ （传单）.
leaflet
3. As we can see, her self-confidence develops alongside her________________（技能）.
technique
4. In the nearest hospital, the boy was treated for a __________（轻微的）head wound.
minor
5. The waiter told us these wines might taste rather hard and somewhat _________（酸的）.
acid
6. A huge ____________ （水泡） covered the right side of my face.
blister
7. If a tooth feels very __________ （松的）, your dentist may recommend that it be taken out.
loose
8. The heart is one of the most important ___________（器官） for human beings, birds and animals.
organs
9. When she did some cleaning, she found a lot of dust _______________ （在……底下） the carpet.
underneath
10. I brought the garden chairs in from outside and ____________（包；裹） some fabric on the seats.
wrapped
Ⅱ. 语境选词
根据语境用方框内短语的正确形式填空。
a sense of touch; a variety of; be divided into; depend on; do oneself an injury; electric shock; lead to; prevent…from…; stick to; a part of
1. It is reported that robots, just like human beings, can have_____________________.
a sense of touch
2. Now,___________________training and medical treatment are helping to rescue these big birds.
electric shock
3. The firewall cannot____________the Internet_________being attacked completely.
prevent
from
4. The circle____________________sections, and each section represents a fraction of the data.
is divided into
5. Whether to go out or stay in the dorm_______________the weather.
depends on
6. He got burned so badly that his clothes_____________his skin.
stuck to
7. There will be_________________exhibits in the exhibition in Italy.
a variety of
8. If you try to lift that heavy suitcase, you will__________________________.
do yourself an injury
9. Many people assume that too much work can____________stress.
lead to
10. I do it because it’s______________my job.
a part of
Ⅲ. 课文语法填空
The skin, 1._________acts as a barrier against disease, toxins and the sun’s rays, is an essential part of your body. 2.__________ (get) burnt can lead to very serious injuries. You can get burnt by a variety of things. Burns 3.____________(divide) into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage. First-degree burns are not serious, 4.____________(affect) only the top few millimetres of the skin. Second-degree burns are serious and take 5._______few weeks 6.____________(get)
which
Getting
are divided
affecting
a
to get
better. Third-degree burns affect every layer of the skin. These burns cause very severe internal 7.____________(injury) and the victim must go to the hospital at once. As for the first-aid treatment for burns, the following advice may be 8.__________ (help). Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. Dry the burnt area 9.__________(gentle) with a clean cloth. Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary. Cover the burnt area 10._______a loose clean cloth. If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still breathe.
injuries
helpful
gently
with
Ⅰ. 单句填空
1. A typical financial crisis can be divided_________several stages.
into
2. The future of our survival depends_______knowledge and action.
on
3. The white are in the majority in Australia while the native people are in the_____________(minor).
minority
4. He had been accustomed to living without________________(electric), and missed it very much.
electricity
5. After a long hike, they had____________(swell) feet and longed for a good rest.
swollen
6. The guard_____________(loose) the dogs when the burglar alarm went off.
loosened
7. What the world needs_____________(urgent) is information at all possible levels.
urgently
8. The conscience（良心）prevents us from__________(do)morally bad things.
doing
Ⅱ. 同义替换
act as; depend on; do…an injury; underneath; with ease; a variety of
1. The training schedule, apart from regular training, includes joining in all kinds of activities.____________________
a variety of
2. It relies on the weather whether we can go out for a trip tomorrow.__________________
depends on
3. I think I can persuade you to serve as my guide.______________
act as
4. From that day, he made up his mind that he wouldn’t injure her.________________________
do her an injury
5. I had a good friend when I studied in middle school, who always passed the exam easily._________________
with ease
6. The coin rolled under the piano and the boy had much trouble in finding it.__________________
underneath
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. 我们非常需要援助，正如你们能想象的一样。（as引导定语从句）
We are,_______________________, very much in need of help.
as you can imagine
2. 除非你给他讲个故事，否则他不会睡觉。（unless引导条件状语从句）
He won’t go to sleep________________________________.
unless you tell him a story
3. 必要时，他们愿为国捐躯。（省略句）
They are ready to die,_________________, for their country.
if necessary
4. 根据家庭的不同，我往往会给出不同的答案。（depend on）
I tend to have a different answer,____________________________.
depending on the family
5. 不可否认，这次袭击对他的名誉造成了严重的损害。（injury）
There’s no denying that the attack___________________________his reputation.
did a severe injury to
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
（2021安徽师大附中高二期中）
James T. Green thought he was having a panic attack.
He took a break from work to walk around the block during a stressful day, and noticed he felt out of breath walking up a slight slope.“This isn’t normal,” Green thought. He had become a regular biker in recent months and wasn’t exactly out of shape. He sat down at his desk, and looked at the Apple Watch on his wrist.
His heart rate was through the roof, and the Heart Watch app he was using to check his pulse（脉搏）was flashing warnings. Maybe it was something more serious, he thought.
Although he had blood clots（血栓）in his lungs a few years back, he had been taking medication, and doctors said that it was an unusual condition for someone in their mid-20s. Still, the symptoms（症状）this time were much less serious, and he was feeling stressed, so his mind didn’t automatically jump to blood clots. Green’s doctor told him it sounded like anxiety. But then he showed her his heart rate recorded by the Apple Watch.
“This is my normal heart rate,” Green told her, pointing to the graph in the app.“This is where my heart is now. There’s something wrong.”
The doctor ordered a CT scan. The blood clots in his left lung had returned. An ambulance rushed Green to the emergency room, where he was pumped full of blood thinners. He didn’t need surgery this time, but doctors told him that if he had waited, a clot could have killed him.
Green isn’t the only person who has discovered a serious health condition after seeing heart-rate data on a smartwatch.
And he won’t be the last. Presently, smartwatches from Apple to Fitbit and others can tell you your heart rate and track your workouts. But these companies want to go beyond the basics by developing ways to tell you when something is wrong. In fact, it’s already happening.
1. What was not normal for Green this time ( )
A. He breathed with difficulty. B. He worked out less often.
C. He had a heart attack. D. He was out of shape.
A
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了主人公Green通过智能手表的预警发现了自己的健康问题, 并说明智能手表在预警人们健康问题中起到重要作用。
【命题立意】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据第二段中的“He took a break from work to walk around the block during a stressful day, and noticed he felt out of breath walking up a slight slope. ‘This isn’t normal,’ Green thought.”可知, Green感到异常是因为自己呼吸困难。
2. Which of the following confirmed his serious problem ( )
A. He himself. B. His doctor.
C. The CT scan. D. The Apple Watch.
C
[解析] 【命题立意】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据第三段中的“Still, the symptoms（症状）this time were much less serious, and he was feeling stressed, so his mind didn’t automatically jump to blood clots. Green’s doctor told him it sounded like anxiety.”和第五段中的“The doctor ordered a CT scan. The blood clots in his left lung had returned.”可知, CT scan证实了这个问题。
3. What really caused the symptoms of Green this time ( )
A. Tiredness. B. Anxiety.
C. Work stress. D. Blood clots.
D
[解析] 【命题立意】细节理解题。
【解题思路】根据第五段中的“The doctor ordered a CT scan. The blood clots in his left lung had returned.”可知, 导致这次症状的原因还是之前的血栓问题。
4. What might be discussed in the following paragraph ( )
A. Apple’s new study on smartwatches.
B. The tips on how to buy a smartwatch.
C. Other cases where smartwatches save lives.
D. The application of smartwatches in health care.
D
[解析] 【命题立意】推理判断题。
【解题思路】根据最后一段内容尤其是最后两句“But these companies want to go beyond the basics by developing ways to tell you when something is wrong. In fact, it’s already happening.”可知, 除了基本用途之外, 智能手表公司还想开发其他有关身体健康的应用, 所以接下来应讲智能手表在医疗保健中的应用。
深度解析
词汇积累
1. stressful adj. 紧张的
2. slope n. 斜坡
3. automatically adv. 自动地
4. presently adv. 目前
原句：Although he had blood clots (血栓)in his lungs a few years back, he had been taking medication, and doctors said that it was an unusual condition for someone in their mid-20s.
句意：虽然几年前他肺部有血栓, 但他一直在服药, 医生说这对20多岁的人来说是一种不寻常的情况。分析：这是一个由and连接的并列句; 在第一个分句中, Although引导让步状语从句; 在第二个分句中that引导宾语从句。
难句分析
B
Preparing for a medical emergency involving your pet is always best accomplished before the event takes place. This series is designed to help guide you through the important decisions about first aid, as well as how and when to transport your pet quickly and safely to a veterinary hospital or emergency access.
has provided this complete reference book online for you to skim through, expanding your knowledge of the dog’s and cat’s first aid. However, we encourage you to buy the book to keep in your home or car as the quick reference during an emergency.
This book is an emergency preparedness ready-reference for dogs and cats. Wise preventive measures, intelligent use of first aid principles, coupled with recognition of abnormal symptoms and treatment of disorders, diseases, and problems, lead to effective health care.
A working knowledge of this information will help you get rid of some potentially dangerous circumstances and help you prepare for emergency situations.
It includes information on what to do and what not to do in specific emergency situations.
The authors encourage careful reading and occasional rereading. We have tried to make this book easy to understand, avoiding technical terms as often as possible, but defining them in context when they are necessary.
5. What’s the purpose of this passage ( )
A. To introduce a book that is about first aid for dogs and cats.
B. To introduce a website.
C. To introduce a working knowledge.
D. To encourage careful reading.
A
[解析] [语篇解读] 如果你的宠物狗或猫生病了或需要实施急救怎么办？本文将给你推荐一本既可以在网上浏览也可以购买的参考书。
【命题立意】推理判断题。
【解题思路】从全文可以看出, 文章向我们介绍了一本可以在网上浏览也可以购买的关于宠物狗、宠物猫疾病诊断及急救的参考书。
6. Why are we advised to buy the book ( )
A. Because it’s very cheap.
B. Because it contains a working knowledge of information about dogs and cats.
C. Because it contains information on specific emergency situations.
D. Because you can keep it at hand and find knowledge of the dog’s or cat’s first aid in case of an emergency.
D
[解析] 【命题立意】细节理解题。
【解题思路】由第二段内容可知，如果买下这本书放在家里或者车里，就可以在狗或猫遇到紧急情况的时候，在书中查阅到有关知识，以便实施急救。
7. Which is NOT true about the book ( )
A. It can enlarge the readers’ knowledge of the dog’s and cat’s first aid.
B. It contains the knowledge of recognition of abnormal symptoms of dogs and cats.
C. Although it contains a lot of technical terms, it is easy to understand.
D. You can read it on .
C
[解析] 【命题立意】细节理解题。
【解题思路】由最后一段内容可知，该书通俗易懂，因为它尽可能地避免了使用专业术语（technical terms），由此判断C项错误。
深度解析
词汇积累
1. accomplish v. 完成
2. take place发生
3. expand v. 扩大
4. preventive adj. 预防性的
5. abnormal symptom异常症状
6. potentially dangerous潜在的危险
难句分析
原句：This series is designed to help guide you through the important decisions about first aid， as well as how and when to transport your pet quickly and safely to a veterinary hospital or emergency access.
句意：本系列旨在帮助您完成有关急救的重要决策，以及如何和何时快速安全地将您的宠物送到兽医医院或紧急通道。分析：这是一个较为复杂的简单句，结构为主谓状，不定式短语to help…or emergency access在句中作状语; as well as连接名词短语first aid和不定式短语how and when to transport…，作介词about的宾语。
Ⅱ. 七选五
(2021河北石家庄高二期末) If you’re enjoying a cup of tea while reading this, you’re supporting just about every organ in your body. Unsweetened tea can prevent some diseases and help repair cells in the body. The popularity of Chinese tea cannot be separated from its medicinal value.
Your heart will thank you. Tea’s properties can keep your blood vessels（血管） relaxed and clear, putting less stress on your heart, and thus slow down block formation in vital blood vessels.1_________.
F
Your risk of the brain disease could decrease.2_________. It’s important to know the early warning signs and do what you can to prevent it. Green tea can help you develop resistance against stress and potential Alzheimer’s disease. The special substance in it protects cells from damage.
3__________. If you spend your nights turning, try relaxing yourself with a cup of east-Asian medicinal tea before bed, which can improve sleeplessness. 4__________, it can help improve sleep and quality of life in those with mild sleeplessness according to a study in Integrative Medicine Research.
G
A
D
Your attention may improve. The caffeine in tea can improve your attention and awareness. The unique acid to tea may also improve attention by relaxing the brain, but stimulating it when it is time to focus. 5_________, try making a warm cup of tea just before it’s time to work or consider these reasons you may not be able to focus.
E
A.Your sleep could improve
B.Your body becomes more energetic
C.When you have the habit of getting up early
D.Once you have formed the habit of drinking that kind of tea
E.If you ever find yourself having difficulty with concentration
F.So drinking a proper amount of black tea can be beneficial to your heart
G.The thought of you being diagnosed with the brain disease is very scary
1. ______
F
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说眀文，主要介绍了喝茶对人的影响：改善心脏功能，降低患老年痴呆症的风险，改善睡眠和注意力。
【解题思路】总结句。根据上文提示“茶的特性可以让你的血管放松和畅通，减少你的心脏的压力，从而减缓重要血管阻塞的形成”。F项总结上文，说明喝茶对心脏是有益的，故选F。
2. ______
G
[解析] 【解题思路】过渡句。根据上文提示“你患脑部疾病的风险会降低”。G项也跟脑部疾病有关，表示想到被诊断为患脑部疾病就会感到可怕，再根据下文提示“重要的是要了解早期预警信号，并尽你所能预防它”。G项承接上下文且符合语境。
3. ______
A
[解析] 【解题思路】主题句。根据下文提示“如果你晚上睡觉总是翻来覆去，试着在睡前喝一杯东亚药用茶来放松自己，这可以改善失眠”以及后面内容可知，本段与睡眠有关，因此A项可作为主题句，引领本段内容。
4. ______
D
[解析] 【解题思路】细节句。分析句子结构可知，该空应该是状语从句或非谓语动词，主句中的it指的是D项中的that kind of tea，即上文提到的east-Asian medicinal tea。
5. ______
E
[解析] 【解题思路】细节句。本段内容与“注意力”有关，分析句子结构可知，设空处应是状语从句或非谓语动词，空后提到尝试在工作前泡一杯热茶，E项“如果你发现自己集中精力有困难”与之联系紧密。
