外研版（2019） 选择性必修 第一册 UNIT6 Nurturing nature单元达标检测（含答案）
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UNIT 6 Nurturing nature
单元达标检测
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Why go to Madrid
There may be a slight chill(寒冷) in the air, with temperatures staying around 15℃ in March, but Spain's handsome capital is slowly starting to warm up. Even more attractive are the cultural events.
A new exhibition on the living and working spaces of Spain's greatest artist, Picasso, has just opened in the studio at the Fundacion Mapfre at Paseo de Recoletos 23. It runs until 11 May with rarely seen pieces borrowed from his family.
Later this summer, the 400th anniversary of the death of the Renaissance(文艺复兴)painter El Greco will be marked with an exciting exhibition at the Museo del Prado at Paseo del Prado from 24 June to 5 October.
How to go
The widest range of flights is offered by EasyJet from Bristol, Edinburgh, Gatwick, Liverpool and Luton. British Airways and its sister airline Iberia combine forces from Heathrow and London City. Ryanair flies from Manchester and Stansted. Air Europa flies from Gatwick.
The Barajas airport is 13km north-east of the city centre and is served by frequent trains on Metro line 8, but the shortest underground journey is a bit complex with at least one change at Nuevos Ministerios Station and takes about 30 minutes. The fare to any station in the city centre is 4.50. The airport express bus runs every 15 to 35 minutes around the clock: 5 one way. It takes 40 minutes to reach the city centre. A taxi takes half the time. A flat rate of 30 covers most of central Madrid.
1.When will the exhibition about Picasso close
A.On 23 March. B.On 11 May.
C.On 24 June. D.On 5 October.
2.Which airline operates flights from Manchester to Madrid
A.EasyJet. B.Ryanair.
C.Air Europa. D.British Airways.
3.What is the fastest way to reach central Madrid from the Barajas airport
A.Take a taxi.
B.Take a city bus.
C.Take Metro line 8.
D.Take the airport express bus.
B
When Liberia was my home, they called it sweet. Sweet was the word I remembered the most during the war.When I was five, my father, two sisters and I fled from Monrovia, the capital city of Liberia, and headed north on foot among the panicky masses—a journey that ended in a village where we hid from flying bullets (子弹).Every dawn, my sisters and I joined my father and covered the pages of his small journal with words.My favorite word to write was “sweet”, one that had the power to numb the reality of our 6-month abandonment by peace and civilization.
Eventually, we were considered the lucky ones: part of the wave of refugees who left Liberia in 1990 to settle in America. My mother studied at Columbia University at the time, and we made our new home in her dormitory while awaiting her graduation.My father who left early in the mornings looked for work or news of a possible return to Liberia, only to return home with nothing to give us but new words to write in notebooks. He quickly found that the education he received in Liberia was not good enough for an engineering job in America. So he took whatever job he could find to make sure we always had food on the table—and books.
In 2011, I founded a children's book publishing company.It provides children's literature for the children of countries with low literacy (读写能力) rates and underrepresented cultures by publishing culturally relevant books that have something meaningful to say to them. My hope is to give children the peace I was given through the words of my father, by allowing them to see themselves in literature. I also think it is important to provide books about foreign countries for children in America, to increase the overall awareness of the world outside them.
I will never be able to give my father back the twenty years he spent educating us, or the home and life in Liberia he lost. I repay his sacrifice by honoring the education he fought for and offering my art to the world, with stories that make the histories of my people come alive, and with words to live by.
4.What was the author's family life like in Liberia
A.Frightening but positive.
B.Sweet and peaceful.
C.Comfortable but boring.
D.Adventurous and exciting.
5.What can we infer about the author's father from Paragraph 2
A.He was crazy about reading.
B.He regretted moving to America.
C.He worked hard to raise his family.
D.He tried to receive a higher education.
6.Why did the author found the publishing company
A.To meet poor children's growing demands.
B.To provide multicultural books for children.
C.To support her father's books about Liberia.
D.To help immigrants understand American culture.
7.What does the author want to express in the last paragraph
A.Her pity for her father's suffering.
B.Her thanks for her father's devotion.
C.Her pride in working for her people.
D.Her disappointment at the life in Liberia.
C
The world's largest iceberg, named A68a, broke away from Antarctica's Larsen C Ice Shelf in July, 2017. It has since floated(漂浮)toward the island of South Georgia in the southern Atlantic Ocean. Satellite pictures show the iceberg has remained in one piece. It is about 150 kilometers long and 48 kilometers wide. It is traveling at one kilometer an hour and is on the way to hitting South Georgia in around 30 days.
Right now is the time of year when seals and penguins spend a lot of time caring for their young. This means the distance that parents have to travel to find food is important. Scientists fear that if the iceberg hits the island, it could prevent the penguins and seals from reaching food supplies. That means they have to go a lot further. They have to go around the iceberg, or actually go further to find food. And that time is quite important in this particular period of their life cycle.
Ecologists say an iceberg crash(碰撞)would also disturb materials settled on the seabed, possibly polluting the surrounding seas. As the iceberg melts(融化), it would also send large amounts of fresh water into the ocean. This could affect krill populations that are a major source of food for the island's wildlife. Besides, the iceberg could remain for 10 years and change the area's whole ecosystem. If some rare species fail in this area, their numbers globally are going to go down quite sharply.
The breaking-off of icebergs from Antarctica is a natural process. But the process is changing with climate change. What we're seeing now is that the speed at which this is happening is increasing. And so, this might become more of a usual thing in the future. Right now, officials are hoping that changing weather patterns could direct the iceberg out into the open ocean, where it would, in time, break up and melt.
8.What can we know about the iceberg A68a
A.It was hit by another iceberg and broke into pieces.
B.It has been floating on the sea for less than 2 years.
C.It is now more than 500 km away from South Georgia.
D.It came into being because of a drop in water temperature.
9.How will the iceberg probably influence the penguins and seals in South Georgia
A.By bringing other wildlife there.
B.By slowing down their life cycle.
C.By cutting off their ways to eating areas.
D.By making the weather completely different.
10.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The time period an iceberg could remain.
B.The possible influence of an iceberg crash.
C.The possible reason for the failure of rare species.
D.The fresh water an iceberg could produce.
11.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.Floating icebergs will be more common.
B.The iceberg will soon break up and melt.
C.Icebergs have nothing to do with climate.
D.Officials have planned to direct the iceberg.
D
As people get older, the types and numbers of friends they have tend to change.As young adults, humans have large groups of friends.With age, they often prefer to spend their time with just a few close, positive individuals.Researchers long believed that this aging attraction toward meaningful relationships was unique to humans, but a new study finds that chimps (黑猩猩) also have similar tendencies.
Rosati and her colleagues used 78,000 hours of observations made over 20 years from the Kibale Chimpanzee Project in Uganda.The data looked at the social interactions of 21 male chimps between 15 and 58 years old.The researchers only studied male chimps because they show stronger social bonds and have more social interactions than female chimps.
Researchers found that wild chimpanzees share a similar pattern of social aging with humans.Rosati says, “They prefer strong, mutual social bonds and interact with others in more positive ways as they get older.” The older chimpanzees preferred spending more time with chimps that they had become friends with over the years.They would sit close to these long-time companions and groom (梳毛) each other.By contrast, younger chimps had more one-sided relationships where they would groom a friend, but the action wasn't returned.
Older male chimps were also more likely to spend more time alone.The researchers said that they showed a shift from negative interactions to more positive ones, preferring to spend their later years in non-confrontational (非对抗性的), positive relationships.Researchers call the preference a “positivity bias”.
Researchers theorize that chimps, like humans, are able to change their social focus as they age.“We propose that this aging pattern may be the result of shared changes in our abilities to regulate our emotions with age,” Rosati says.“This shared pattern between chimpanzees and humans could represent an adaptive response where older adults focus on important social relationships that provide benefits and avoid interactions that have negative consequences as they lose competitive fighting ability.”
12.What does the new study find about chimps
A.Male chimps show more interactions than fem-ales.
B.Old chimps don't care about friends as much as young ones.
C.Chimps concentrate more on meaningful relat-ions with age.
D.Chimps share aging problems similar to human beings.
13.How did Rosati and her colleagues conduct their research
A.By studying the data provided by other researchers.
B.By making scientific investigations and observations.
C.By setting up models on the computer in the lab.
D.By monitoring both the humans' and chimps' behavior.
14.What do researchers think causes this aging attraction to meaningful relationships
A.Inability to regulate emotions.
B.Eagerness to build closer relationships.
C.Loss of competitiveness in strength.
D.Failure to adapt to the changeable surroundings.
15.Where does this text probably come from
A.A short story collection.
B.A popular science magazine.
C.A graduate research paper.
D.A biology textbook.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Going green is a great way to reduce your environmental footprint and help the planet. Being green is all about reducing how many resources you use, reusing items when you can, and recycling items that can't be reused. 16 .
●Carry a reusable water bottle so you will not need bottled water.
17 . Not only does it create trash, but it also uses more resources because it's shipped to the store. To be more eco-friendly, make it a habit to carry a reusable water bottle with you everywhere so that you can drink water on the way. Plastic bottles are usually the lightest and most convenient.
●Use reusable bags while you're shopping.
Shopping bags make it easy to carry your items home, but they also pollute the planet. Skip the store's shopping bags and bring your own instead. Use a backpack that you already own, or purchase a couple of reusable bags from the checkout area at your local grocery store. 18 .
● 19 .
Before you throw something away, look for ways you might reuse it. Try repurposing items or making green handicrafts. This will help you keep trash out of the landfill. For example, instead of throwing away a jar, you might use it as a glass, vase or storage container.
●Reduce the amount of time you spend using electronics.
While electronics are really fun and help you feel connected to your friends, they also use up a lot of energy. Schedule breaks from your electronics so you can use them less. During your breaks, do something fun like going for a walk, playing a game with your friends, or pursuing a hobby. 20 . For instance, instead of playing online video games together, go to a local part.
A.Glass bottles have come a long way in recent years
B.Reuse items to save them from the landfill
C.You can use your reusable bags at most stores
D.Bottled water is really bad for the environment
E.You probably need to change your personal habits
F.Invite your friend to connect with you in real life
G.You can find ideas for green crafts by searching online
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it. When I was 13, my parents took me there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to El Capitan, a 21 rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew 22 I wanted to climb it. That has been my life's passion ever since— 23 the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I've long made Yosemite my home.
About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of 24 , like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes, around the area. It was beyond me why visitors started respecting the place less and treated such a beautiful home-like place this way.
I tried 25 trash(垃圾)myself, but the job was too big. I would spend an hour or two on the job, only to find trash lying all over the area again weeks later. Finally, I got so 26 it that I decided something had to change.
As a rock climbing guide, I knew 27 about organizing any big event.But in 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a 28 . On that day, more than 300 people 29 . Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to 30 . I couldn't believe the 31 we made—the park looked clean!
Each year volunteers come for the clean-up from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash and 32 132 miles of roadway.
I often hear people 33 about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by 34 them rather than by complaining. We need to lead by 35 . You can't blame others unless you start with yourself.
21.A.distant B.loose
C.narrow D.huge
22.A.immediately B.finally
C.gradually D.recently
23.A.imagining B.painting
C.describing D.climbing
24.A.materials B.resources
C.wastes D.goods
25.A.throwing away B.picking up
C.breaking down D.digging out
26.A.satisfied with B.delighted at
C.tired of D.used to
27.A.something B.anything
C.everything D.nothing
28.A.party B.clean-up
C.picnic D.concert
29.A.dropped out B.showed up
C.looked around D.called back
30.A.demand B.receive
C.achieve D.overcome
31.A.plan B.visit
C.contact D.difference
32.A.crossed B.measured
C.covered D.designed
33.A.complain B.talk
C.argue D.quarrel
34.A.doing B.thinking about
C.questioning D.watching
35.A.method B.explanation
C.example D.research
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A few years ago, after a long morning of sightseeing in New York, my children and I took a rest on a park bench in Central Park.
“Look!” my son said, 36 (point) to a nearby rubbish bin.That's when we saw our first raccoon (浣熊).Quite at home in the big city, he paid us no attention, concentrating only on finding a 37 (taste) lunch. He searched through a few options before coming out with a wrapped sandwich 38 (hold) between his paws.
39 (surprise), rather than run away, he jumped down and walked casually to a spot on the path, not a metre from 40 we sat.The children were spellbound, the raccoon providing better 41 (entertain) than any museum.He glanced at us, perhaps checking to see 42 we were about to steal his lunch.
43 delicate fingers, he peeled back the layers of plastic wrap until the half-eaten sandwich 44 (uncover).
Then he surprised us all. Instead of starting his food, he turned to a nearby pool of water and 45 (dip) his paws in.With a casual air, he rubbed his paws together underwater for a moment, brushed his fur, then started gracefully picking at his meal.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华,你校英语戏剧社正在招募新成员,请根据以下提示,用英文给负责人Mr. Smith写一封电子邮件,申请加入。内容包括:
1.申请理由;
2.个人优势;
3.表达愿望。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Mr. Smith,
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On March 16, 2020 my left leg was injured. At that time, I thought it was a simple injury, but a medical doctor later told me that it was a serious fracture(骨折)and that I would have to be in bed for three months. It was shocking for me. I'd never spent more than 8 hours in bed before.
I am a full-time social worker and have many projects that require my active involvement(参加).I hardly had time to visit my home, but my fractured leg stopped all things. I had to stay at home for a long time. It was bad and also good. It stopped all my work, but it also gave me an opportunity to spend time with myself and my family.
I was sad and worried. How would I spend three months in bed Who would care for me Early in my injury and before my operation, one of my friends offered his room in a rented house. I was grateful for his kind support. He did all things for me.I didn't have any other choices.
I realized in my mind that I should be positive and change my lifestyle according to the situation. It was not so simple or easy. I needed to be more focused and calm. I began to practice thinking alone, read books, create more poems and talk with friends.
There were so many ups and downs in my confidence. So many times negative thoughts bothered me. I felt very sad, but I often got support from my family and friends. During this difficult period, lots of good things also happened to me. I spent so much time with myself that I had plenty of opportunities to read some good books and improve myself, while receiving good care from my friends and family.
After the operation on my leg, I realized I needed additional care to recover, so I had to stay at Kindness Home, near my family.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
I decided to organize a reading group to pass the time at Kindness Home.
Paragraph 2:
The members of our reading group also cared about other patients.
单元达标检测
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.B
8.C 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.C 13.B 14.C
15.B 16.E 17.D 18.C 19.B 20.F 21.D
22.A 23.D 24.C 25.B 26.C 27.D 28.B
29.B 30.C 31.D 32.C 33.A 34.A 35.C
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。在西班牙首都马德里要举办名人作品展览,文章就两个方面向我们展示了这次展览会的详细信息。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一部分第二段中的It runs until 11 May with rarely seen pieces borrowed from his family.可知这次展览持续到11 May,即5月11日结束。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第二部分第一段中的Ryanair flies from Manchester and Stansted.可以得出,从曼彻斯特起飞的是Ryanair。
3.A 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的It takes 40 minutes to reach the city centre. A taxi takes half the time.可以看出,乘坐出租车花费的时间是机场快速巴士的一半,即20分钟,而乘坐地铁花费的时间是30分钟,因此可以推断出乘坐出租车最快到达。
【高频词汇】
1.slight adj. 轻微的;不足道的 2.attractive adj. 吸引人的
3.range n. 范围;区间 4.combine v. 合并;协力 5.frequent adj. 频繁的
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了战争期间作者一家离开利比里亚,跟随父亲到美国等待母亲毕业,父亲在美国不辞辛苦养家。而后作者在2011年创办了一家儿童图书出版公司,并决心报答父亲为她们作出的牺牲。
4.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Sweet was the word I remembered the most during the war...a journey that ended in a village where we hid from flying bullets (子弹)...My favorite word to write was ‘sweet’, one that had the power to numb the reality of our 6-month abandonment by peace and civilization.”可知,作者一家在利比里亚的生活令人害怕但积极。B项“甜蜜且平和”、C项“舒适但无聊”以及D项“冒险和刺激”与文章对作者的生活状况描述不符。故选A项。
5.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“So he took whatever job he could find to make sure we always had food on the table—and books.”可知,作者的父亲努力工作来养家。A、B两项在该段中并未提及。该段中提及“He quickly found that the education he received in Liberia was not good enough for an engineering job in America.(他很快发现自己在利比里亚接受的教育不足以胜任美国的工程工作。)”但是他并没有继续深造,因此D项错误。故选C项。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It provides children's literature for the children of countries with low literacy (读写能力) rates and underrepresented cultures by publishing culturally relevant books that have something meaningful to say to them.”可知,作者创立儿童图书出版公司是为了给孩子们提供多元文化的书籍。故选B项。
7.B 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“I repay his sacrifice by honoring the education he fought for and offering my art to the world”可知,作者对父亲为之奋斗的教育表示尊重,并以艺术回馈社会,所以作者在最后一段想表达她对她父亲所做牺牲的感谢。此题容易误选A项“她对她父亲所受苦难的同情”。通过该段第一句话“I will never be able to give my father back the twenty years he spent educating us, or the home and life in Liberia he lost.”可以看出,父亲做出了很多牺牲,但作者在此并不是表达她对父亲所受苦难的同情,字里行间流露出她对父亲的感谢,所以A项错误。C项“她为自己为人民工作而感到自豪”和D项“她对利比里亚生活的失望”均与文意不符。故选B项。
【高频词汇】
1.panicky adj.恐慌的 2.abandonment n.抛弃 3.refugee n.难民
4.relevant adj.相关的 5.sacrifice n.牺牲
长难句分析
原句 I repay his sacrifice by honoring the education he fought for and offering my art to the world, with stories that make the histories of my people come alive, and with words to live by.
分析 该句是一个主从复合句。句中by doing结构表示“通过做某事”。第一个and连接honoring...和offering...,第二个and连接with stories...和with words...。定语从句that make the histories of my people come alive修饰stories,动词不定式to live by作定语修饰words。
句意 我用使我的人民的历史鲜活起来的故事和以此为生的文字来报答他的牺牲,以他为之奋斗的教育为荣,并将我的艺术奉献给这个世界。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。世界上最大的冰山A68a正向南乔治亚岛漂移,估计30天后会撞上这个海岛。如果发生撞击,将对当地的企鹅和海豹等野生动物构成严重威胁。
8.C 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“It is traveling at one kilometer an hour and is on the way to hitting South Georgia in around 30 days.”可知,A68a冰山每小时行进1公里,估计30天后会撞上南乔治亚岛,那么现在两者间的距离应该是720公里左右。故选C。A项“它被另一座冰山撞碎”,D项“它是由于水温降低而形成的”,文中未提及;B项“它在海上漂浮了不超过两年”,由第一段中的“The world's largest iceberg...in July, 2017. It has since floated...”可知B项中的for less than 2 years表述不对。
9.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “it could prevent the penguins and seals from reaching food supplies. That means they have to go a lot further.”可知,冰山可能会阻止企鹅和海豹到达食物供应区,它们不得不走更远。故选C。
10.B 主旨大意题。根据第三段内容可知,本段主要介绍了冰山撞击海岛后可能对海底的物质、海中的磷虾,以及一些稀有物种造成的影响。故选B。A项“冰山可能继续存在的时间段”;C项“稀有物种无法存活的可能原因”; D项“冰山可以产生的淡水”。
11.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段第三、四句“What we're seeing now is that the speed at which this is happening is increasing. And so, this might become more of a usual thing in the future.”可知,冰山从南极洲脱离的速度在增加,在未来,这有可能会成为普遍的事情。故选A。需要注意的是B、D两项容易错选,文中说的是官员们希望不断变化的天气模式能将冰山导向公海,最后在那里它可以破碎、融化。
【高频词汇】
1.break away from脱离;逃脱 2.spend some time(in)doing sth.花时间做某事 3.care for照顾 4.prevent...from doing sth.阻止……做某事 5.disturb v.搅乱;弄乱;妨碍;打扰;干扰
6.large amounts of 大量的 7.in time最后;及时 8.break up破碎;结束 9.cut off切断
长难句分析
原句 Right now, officials are hoping that changing weather patterns could direct the iceberg out into the open ocean, where it would, in time, break up and melt.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。句中that引导宾语从句,其中关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the open ocean。
句意 现在,官员们希望不断变化的天气模式可以引领冰山出来进入公海中,在那里,它最终将破碎并融化。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了黑猩猩在步入晚年时期时与人类相似,在社交中往往会更倾向于积极且有意义的关系。
12.C 推理判断题。根据第一段内容尤其是最后一句中的“but a new study finds that chimps (黑猩猩) also have similar tendencies”可知,当人渐渐老去时,在社交中会倾向于更积极的关系,黑猩猩也有相似的趋势。由此可推知,随着年龄的增长,黑猩猩会更专注于有意义的关系。故选C项。
13.B 推理判断题。根据第二段内容尤其是第一句“Rosati and her colleagues used 78,000 hours of observations made over 20 years from the Kibale Chimpanzee Project in Uganda.”可推知,Rosati和她的同事们是通过科学调查和观察黑猩猩来进行研究的。A项“通过研究其他研究人员提供的数据”、C项“通过在实验室的计算机上建立模型”以及D项“通过监测人类和黑猩猩的行为”与文意不符。故选B项。
14.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“This shared pattern between chimpanzees and humans...lose competitive fighting ability.”可推知,他们这样选择的原因是他们在力量上失去了竞争力。A项“无法调节情绪”、B项“渴望建立更亲密的关系”以及D项“无法适应多变的环境”与文意不符。故选C项。
15.B 推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文从较为专业的角度介绍了黑猩猩和人类的相似性,即在年岁渐老时会选择积极且更有意义的社交关系,所以本文应来自大众科学杂志。故选B项。
【高频词汇】
1.unique adj.独特的 2.tendency n.倾向 3.interaction n.互动
4.bond n.纽带;关系 5.by contrast 相比之下 6.competitive adj.具有竞争性的
长难句分析
原句 This shared pattern between chimpanzees and humans could represent an adaptive response where older adults focus on important social relationships that provide benefits and avoid interactions that have negative consequences as they lose competitive fighting ability.
分析 该句是一个主从复合句。该句的主语为pattern,被过去分词shared修饰。定语从句where older adults focus on important social relationships修饰response;定语从句that provide benefits修饰relationships;定语从句that have negative consequences修饰interactions;第二个and连接focus和avoid;as they lose competitive fighting ability是一个原因状语从句。
句意 黑猩猩和人类之间的这种共同模式可能代表了一种适应性反应,即老年人关注于能带来好处的重要社会关系,避免有负面后果的互动,因为他们失去了竞争的战斗能力。
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。环保就是减少你使用的资源,尽可能地重复利用物品,回收那些不能重复利用的物品。作者主要介绍了四点有助于环保的个人习惯。
16.E 本句为第一段最后一句,起到承上启下的作用。下文主要介绍了一些环保的个人习惯,故E选项“你可能需要改变你的个人习惯。”符合语境。故选E。
17.D 结合后文Not only does it create trash, but it also...and most convenient.可知本段建议随身带着可重复使用的水瓶,而不要买会产生垃圾和消耗资源的瓶装水。故D选项“瓶装水真的对环境有害。”符合语境。故选D。
18.C 结合上文Use a backpack that you already own, or purchase a couple of reusable bags from the checkout area at your local grocery store.可知是在建议使用自己已经拥有的袋子,本句承接上文说明这些能重复使用的袋子的用途。故C选项“你可以在大多数商店使用你的可重复利用的袋子。”符合语境。故选C。
19.B 本句为本段小标题,根据其他三个标题的句式特点——都是祈使句,再结合下文中的This will help you keep trash out of the landfill.中的landfill可对应到B选项中的from the landfill,由此可知,B选项“重复利用物品,把它们从垃圾填埋场中拯救出来。”符合语境。故选B。
20.F 结合下文For instance, instead of playing online video games together, go to a local part.可知是在建议和朋友在现实生活中一起玩耍,而不是在网上。故F选项“邀请你的朋友在现实生活中与你联系。”符合语境。故选F。
【高频词汇】
1.skip vt.& vi.跳过 vt.不做,不参加 2.purchase vt.& n.购买
3.landfill n.废物填埋地 4.pursue vt.追求
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。作者把约塞米蒂国家公园当作自己的家。当作者看到公园里有大量的垃圾时,开始是作者自己捡垃圾,后来作者组织大家捡垃圾。作者借此告诉我们:改变事情的方法是动手去做,而不是抱怨。
21.D 由空后的3,300 feet和下文中的that giant rock可知,这块岩石很大。distant遥远的;loose松的;narrow狭窄的;huge巨大的。
22.A 根据下文That has been my life's passion ever since可知,从那以后,那是作者一生的钟爱。所以immediately用在这里表示作者立即知道自己想要攀登这块巨石,表达了作者对这块巨石以及攀岩的喜爱。immediately立即;finally最终;gradually逐渐地;recently最近。
23.D 由上文中的climb可知,此处为原词再现,说明作者酷爱攀登约塞米蒂的岩石和山脉。
24.C 由空后的like toilet paper,beer cans,and empty boxes可知,这些属于垃圾。
25.B 由空后的trash可知,此处是指“捡”垃圾。throw away扔掉;pick up捡起,拾起;break down出故障;dig out挖出。
26.C 由上文中的only to find trash lying all over the area again weeks later可知,几周后作者发现这个地方又到处都是垃圾了,因此,作者厌倦了。be satisfied with对……满意;be delighted at因……而高兴;be tired of厌倦……;be used to sth.习惯于某事。
27.D 由上文可知,作者是一名攀岩向导,由下文中的But及语境和常识可知,此处表示作者对组织任何重大活动一无所知。something某事;anything任何事情;everything每件事;nothing没有什么。
28.B 由下一段中的come for the clean-up可知,作者和其他登山者定下了一个清理日。clean-up清理,清扫。
29.B 由语境可知此处指“出现”。drop out退出,辍学;show up出现;look around环顾;call back回电话。
30.C 由上文Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash.可知,三天里他们捡了大约6,000磅的垃圾。所以作者对于他们的成功感到惊讶。demand要求;receive接受;achieve成功;overcome克服。
31.D 由下文the park looked clean可知,作者简直不敢相信他们所造成的影响。
32.C 由空后的132 miles of roadway可知,cover(覆盖)符合语境,以此说明他们捡垃圾的范围之大。cross穿过;measure测量;design设计。
33.A 由下文中的I would say the only way to change things is...rather than by complaining可知,此处指作者经常听到有人“抱怨”自己身处的环境。complain抱怨;talk谈话;argue争论;quarrel争吵。
34.A 由语境可知此处是指“做”。do做;think about考虑;question怀疑;watch观察。
35.C 作者告诫他人,不要一直抱怨,要有所行动,且要以身作则,他自己就是这么做的。method方法;explanation解释;example榜样;research研究。lead by example以身作则。
【高频词汇】
1.passion n.热衷的爱好 2.volunteer n.志愿者 3.surroundings n.环境 4.complain v.抱怨 5.blame vt.责备
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。几年前,在纽约观光了一个漫长的上午之后,我和孩子们在中央公园的长椅上休息。在垃圾桶旁边,我们看到了一只小浣熊。
36.pointing 考查非谓语动词。句意:“看!”我儿子说道,指着附近的一个垃圾箱。分析句子可知,设空处作状语,point与其逻辑主语my son为主动关系,故用现在分词形式pointing。
37.tasty 考查形容词。句意:在大城市里感到很自在,浣熊根本就没注意到我们,只专注于寻找美味的午餐。此处应用形容词修饰名词,故填tasty。
38.held 考查非谓语动词。句意:浣熊搜索了一些供选择的东西,之后两个爪子握着一块包裹着的三明治出来。分析句子可知,设空处作后置定语修饰sandwich,与其之间为被动关系,故用过去分词形式held。
39.Surprisingly 考查副词。句意:让人惊讶的是,浣熊没有逃跑,而是(从垃圾箱上)跳下来,很随意地走到路上的一个地方,离我们坐的地方不到一米。分析句子可知,修饰句子用副词,故填Surprisingly。
40.where 考查宾语从句。句意:同上题。分析句子可知,we sat作from的宾语,而从句缺少地点状语,故用连接副词where。
41.entertainment 考查名词。句意:孩子们十分着迷,因为浣熊给孩子们提供的快乐超过任何一个博物馆。分析句子可知,providing后接宾语,应用名词,故填entertainment。
42.if/whether 考查宾语从句。句意:它看了一下我们,可能检查我们是否会偷它的午餐。分析句子可知,we were about to steal his lunch作see的宾语,从句结构完整,但是结合语境,需要“是否”的意思,故用if或者whether。
43.With 考查介词。句意:有灵活的手指,它剥掉(三明治的)保鲜膜层,直到吃剩一半的三明治露出来。由语境可知,应填With。
44.was uncovered 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:同上题。分析句子可知,此处缺少谓语,uncover与其逻辑主语sandwich为被动关系,故用被动语态,陈述过去的事情,故用was uncovered。
45.dipped 考查动词的时态。句意:它没有开始享用它的食物,而是走到附近的水池,把爪子伸进去。分析句子可知,and连接并列的谓语,由and前的turned可知应用过去式dipped。
【高频词汇】
1.casually adv.随便地 2.glance v.瞥见 3.delicate adj.熟练的;微妙的 4.gracefully adv.优雅地 5.pick at 磨蹭着吃;(因为不饿而)小口吃
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Mr. Smith,
I'm Li Hua, writing to apply to be a member of our school English drama society. I have confidence that I am a suitable candidate for the society.
To begin with, I am enthusiastic about dramas, especially about English dramas and started playing in junior high school. In addition, I have taken part in several drama plays and performed well. Last but not least, I'm fluent in English and won first place in the English speech contest held in our city last year.
I really hope to join you. I would appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
写作指导
故事 要素 Time on March 16, 2020,early in my injury and before my operation, after the operation
Place in a rented house, at Kindness Home
Character I, my family and friends
Reason I had a serious fracture.
情节 Beginning 我的腿骨折了,不得不躺在床上。一切事情都停止了。我既伤心又担心。
Development 我意识到我应该是积极的,要改变我目前的生活方式。我的腿做了手术后,我意识到我需要额外的护理来恢复,所以我不得不待在我家人附近的Kindness Home。
续写 方向 Para. 1 I decided to organize a reading group to pass the time at Kindness Home. ①我向谁述说了我的想法 ②我的想法得到支持了吗 ③我是如何组织读书会的 我获得了什么帮助
Para. 2 The members of our reading group also cared about other patients. ①其他病人也对读书会感兴趣吗 ②读书会成员是如何帮助其他病人的 ③最终的结果如何
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
I decided to organize a reading group to pass the time at Kindness Home. I have many friends and relatives who like reading books. I wrote e-mails to them and told them what I was considering.They were happy and supported my idea.Soon afterwards, my friends and relatives came to my place to get together for the first time. We discussed the activities and plans about the reading group together. We decided to read a book every two weeks and meet with me twice a week to talk about our reading experience.
Paragraph 2:
The members of our reading group also cared about other patients. With the progress of our reading activities, other patients there showed great interest in reading.So our reading group members added another activity to help those patients read.We bought a lot of books for the patients. As they devoted themselves to reading, they no longer felt lonely.We took turns to gather in each room and sometimes bought gifts for them. Time flew quickly in happiness, and I was well enough to go home before I knew it.
21
单元达标检测
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Why go to Madrid
There may be a slight chill(寒冷) in the air, with temperatures staying around 15℃ in March, but Spain's handsome capital is slowly starting to warm up. Even more attractive are the cultural events.
A new exhibition on the living and working spaces of Spain's greatest artist, Picasso, has just opened in the studio at the Fundacion Mapfre at Paseo de Recoletos 23. It runs until 11 May with rarely seen pieces borrowed from his family.
Later this summer, the 400th anniversary of the death of the Renaissance(文艺复兴)painter El Greco will be marked with an exciting exhibition at the Museo del Prado at Paseo del Prado from 24 June to 5 October.
How to go
The widest range of flights is offered by EasyJet from Bristol, Edinburgh, Gatwick, Liverpool and Luton. British Airways and its sister airline Iberia combine forces from Heathrow and London City. Ryanair flies from Manchester and Stansted. Air Europa flies from Gatwick.
The Barajas airport is 13km north-east of the city centre and is served by frequent trains on Metro line 8, but the shortest underground journey is a bit complex with at least one change at Nuevos Ministerios Station and takes about 30 minutes. The fare to any station in the city centre is 4.50. The airport express bus runs every 15 to 35 minutes around the clock: 5 one way. It takes 40 minutes to reach the city centre. A taxi takes half the time. A flat rate of 30 covers most of central Madrid.
1.When will the exhibition about Picasso close
A.On 23 March. B.On 11 May.
C.On 24 June. D.On 5 October.
2.Which airline operates flights from Manchester to Madrid
A.EasyJet. B.Ryanair.
C.Air Europa. D.British Airways.
3.What is the fastest way to reach central Madrid from the Barajas airport
A.Take a taxi.
B.Take a city bus.
C.Take Metro line 8.
D.Take the airport express bus.
B
When Liberia was my home, they called it sweet. Sweet was the word I remembered the most during the war.When I was five, my father, two sisters and I fled from Monrovia, the capital city of Liberia, and headed north on foot among the panicky masses—a journey that ended in a village where we hid from flying bullets (子弹).Every dawn, my sisters and I joined my father and covered the pages of his small journal with words.My favorite word to write was “sweet”, one that had the power to numb the reality of our 6-month abandonment by peace and civilization.
Eventually, we were considered the lucky ones: part of the wave of refugees who left Liberia in 1990 to settle in America. My mother studied at Columbia University at the time, and we made our new home in her dormitory while awaiting her graduation.My father who left early in the mornings looked for work or news of a possible return to Liberia, only to return home with nothing to give us but new words to write in notebooks. He quickly found that the education he received in Liberia was not good enough for an engineering job in America. So he took whatever job he could find to make sure we always had food on the table—and books.
In 2011, I founded a children's book publishing company.It provides children's literature for the children of countries with low literacy (读写能力) rates and underrepresented cultures by publishing culturally relevant books that have something meaningful to say to them. My hope is to give children the peace I was given through the words of my father, by allowing them to see themselves in literature. I also think it is important to provide books about foreign countries for children in America, to increase the overall awareness of the world outside them.
I will never be able to give my father back the twenty years he spent educating us, or the home and life in Liberia he lost. I repay his sacrifice by honoring the education he fought for and offering my art to the world, with stories that make the histories of my people come alive, and with words to live by.
4.What was the author's family life like in Liberia
A.Frightening but positive.
B.Sweet and peaceful.
C.Comfortable but boring.
D.Adventurous and exciting.
5.What can we infer about the author's father from Paragraph 2
A.He was crazy about reading.
B.He regretted moving to America.
C.He worked hard to raise his family.
D.He tried to receive a higher education.
6.Why did the author found the publishing company
A.To meet poor children's growing demands.
B.To provide multicultural books for children.
C.To support her father's books about Liberia.
D.To help immigrants understand American culture.
7.What does the author want to express in the last paragraph
A.Her pity for her father's suffering.
B.Her thanks for her father's devotion.
C.Her pride in working for her people.
D.Her disappointment at the life in Liberia.
C
The world's largest iceberg, named A68a, broke away from Antarctica's Larsen C Ice Shelf in July, 2017. It has since floated(漂浮)toward the island of South Georgia in the southern Atlantic Ocean. Satellite pictures show the iceberg has remained in one piece. It is about 150 kilometers long and 48 kilometers wide. It is traveling at one kilometer an hour and is on the way to hitting South Georgia in around 30 days.
Right now is the time of year when seals and penguins spend a lot of time caring for their young. This means the distance that parents have to travel to find food is important. Scientists fear that if the iceberg hits the island, it could prevent the penguins and seals from reaching food supplies. That means they have to go a lot further. They have to go around the iceberg, or actually go further to find food. And that time is quite important in this particular period of their life cycle.
Ecologists say an iceberg crash(碰撞)would also disturb materials settled on the seabed, possibly polluting the surrounding seas. As the iceberg melts(融化), it would also send large amounts of fresh water into the ocean. This could affect krill populations that are a major source of food for the island's wildlife. Besides, the iceberg could remain for 10 years and change the area's whole ecosystem. If some rare species fail in this area, their numbers globally are going to go down quite sharply.
The breaking-off of icebergs from Antarctica is a natural process. But the process is changing with climate change. What we're seeing now is that the speed at which this is happening is increasing. And so, this might become more of a usual thing in the future. Right now, officials are hoping that changing weather patterns could direct the iceberg out into the open ocean, where it would, in time, break up and melt.
8.What can we know about the iceberg A68a
A.It was hit by another iceberg and broke into pieces.
B.It has been floating on the sea for less than 2 years.
C.It is now more than 500 km away from South Georgia.
D.It came into being because of a drop in water temperature.
9.How will the iceberg probably influence the penguins and seals in South Georgia
A.By bringing other wildlife there.
B.By slowing down their life cycle.
C.By cutting off their ways to eating areas.
D.By making the weather completely different.
10.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The time period an iceberg could remain.
B.The possible influence of an iceberg crash.
C.The possible reason for the failure of rare species.
D.The fresh water an iceberg could produce.
11.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.Floating icebergs will be more common.
B.The iceberg will soon break up and melt.
C.Icebergs have nothing to do with climate.
D.Officials have planned to direct the iceberg.
D
As people get older, the types and numbers of friends they have tend to change.As young adults, humans have large groups of friends.With age, they often prefer to spend their time with just a few close, positive individuals.Researchers long believed that this aging attraction toward meaningful relationships was unique to humans, but a new study finds that chimps (黑猩猩) also have similar tendencies.
Rosati and her colleagues used 78,000 hours of observations made over 20 years from the Kibale Chimpanzee Project in Uganda.The data looked at the social interactions of 21 male chimps between 15 and 58 years old.The researchers only studied male chimps because they show stronger social bonds and have more social interactions than female chimps.
Researchers found that wild chimpanzees share a similar pattern of social aging with humans.Rosati says, “They prefer strong, mutual social bonds and interact with others in more positive ways as they get older.” The older chimpanzees preferred spending more time with chimps that they had become friends with over the years.They would sit close to these long-time companions and groom (梳毛) each other.By contrast, younger chimps had more one-sided relationships where they would groom a friend, but the action wasn't returned.
Older male chimps were also more likely to spend more time alone.The researchers said that they showed a shift from negative interactions to more positive ones, preferring to spend their later years in non-confrontational (非对抗性的), positive relationships.Researchers call the preference a “positivity bias”.
Researchers theorize that chimps, like humans, are able to change their social focus as they age.“We propose that this aging pattern may be the result of shared changes in our abilities to regulate our emotions with age,” Rosati says.“This shared pattern between chimpanzees and humans could represent an adaptive response where older adults focus on important social relationships that provide benefits and avoid interactions that have negative consequences as they lose competitive fighting ability.”
12.What does the new study find about chimps
A.Male chimps show more interactions than fem-ales.
B.Old chimps don't care about friends as much as young ones.
C.Chimps concentrate more on meaningful relat-ions with age.
D.Chimps share aging problems similar to human beings.
13.How did Rosati and her colleagues conduct their research
A.By studying the data provided by other researchers.
B.By making scientific investigations and observations.
C.By setting up models on the computer in the lab.
D.By monitoring both the humans' and chimps' behavior.
14.What do researchers think causes this aging attraction to meaningful relationships
A.Inability to regulate emotions.
B.Eagerness to build closer relationships.
C.Loss of competitiveness in strength.
D.Failure to adapt to the changeable surroundings.
15.Where does this text probably come from
A.A short story collection.
B.A popular science magazine.
C.A graduate research paper.
D.A biology textbook.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Going green is a great way to reduce your environmental footprint and help the planet. Being green is all about reducing how many resources you use, reusing items when you can, and recycling items that can't be reused. 16 .
●Carry a reusable water bottle so you will not need bottled water.
17 . Not only does it create trash, but it also uses more resources because it's shipped to the store. To be more eco-friendly, make it a habit to carry a reusable water bottle with you everywhere so that you can drink water on the way. Plastic bottles are usually the lightest and most convenient.
●Use reusable bags while you're shopping.
Shopping bags make it easy to carry your items home, but they also pollute the planet. Skip the store's shopping bags and bring your own instead. Use a backpack that you already own, or purchase a couple of reusable bags from the checkout area at your local grocery store. 18 .
● 19 .
Before you throw something away, look for ways you might reuse it. Try repurposing items or making green handicrafts. This will help you keep trash out of the landfill. For example, instead of throwing away a jar, you might use it as a glass, vase or storage container.
●Reduce the amount of time you spend using electronics.
While electronics are really fun and help you feel connected to your friends, they also use up a lot of energy. Schedule breaks from your electronics so you can use them less. During your breaks, do something fun like going for a walk, playing a game with your friends, or pursuing a hobby. 20 . For instance, instead of playing online video games together, go to a local part.
A.Glass bottles have come a long way in recent years
B.Reuse items to save them from the landfill
C.You can use your reusable bags at most stores
D.Bottled water is really bad for the environment
E.You probably need to change your personal habits
F.Invite your friend to connect with you in real life
G.You can find ideas for green crafts by searching online
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it. When I was 13, my parents took me there for camping. On the way out, I asked them to wait while I ran up to El Capitan, a 21 rock of 3,300 feet straight up. I touched that giant rock and knew 22 I wanted to climb it. That has been my life's passion ever since— 23 the rocks and mountains of Yosemite. I've long made Yosemite my home.
About 15 years ago I started seeing a lot of 24 , like toilet paper, beer cans, and empty boxes, around the area. It was beyond me why visitors started respecting the place less and treated such a beautiful home-like place this way.
I tried 25 trash(垃圾)myself, but the job was too big. I would spend an hour or two on the job, only to find trash lying all over the area again weeks later. Finally, I got so 26 it that I decided something had to change.
As a rock climbing guide, I knew 27 about organizing any big event.But in 2004, together with some climbers, I set a date for a 28 . On that day, more than 300 people 29 . Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash. It was amazing how much we were able to 30 . I couldn't believe the 31 we made—the park looked clean!
Each year volunteers come for the clean-up from everywhere. In 2007 alone, 2,945 people picked up 42,330 pounds of trash and 32 132 miles of roadway.
I often hear people 33 about their surroundings. If you are one of them, I would say the only way to change things is by 34 them rather than by complaining. We need to lead by 35 . You can't blame others unless you start with yourself.
21.A.distant B.loose
C.narrow D.huge
22.A.immediately B.finally
C.gradually D.recently
23.A.imagining B.painting
C.describing D.climbing
24.A.materials B.resources
C.wastes D.goods
25.A.throwing away B.picking up
C.breaking down D.digging out
26.A.satisfied with B.delighted at
C.tired of D.used to
27.A.something B.anything
C.everything D.nothing
28.A.party B.clean-up
C.picnic D.concert
29.A.dropped out B.showed up
C.looked around D.called back
30.A.demand B.receive
C.achieve D.overcome
31.A.plan B.visit
C.contact D.difference
32.A.crossed B.measured
C.covered D.designed
33.A.complain B.talk
C.argue D.quarrel
34.A.doing B.thinking about
C.questioning D.watching
35.A.method B.explanation
C.example D.research
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A few years ago, after a long morning of sightseeing in New York, my children and I took a rest on a park bench in Central Park.
“Look!” my son said, 36 (point) to a nearby rubbish bin.That's when we saw our first raccoon (浣熊).Quite at home in the big city, he paid us no attention, concentrating only on finding a 37 (taste) lunch. He searched through a few options before coming out with a wrapped sandwich 38 (hold) between his paws.
39 (surprise), rather than run away, he jumped down and walked casually to a spot on the path, not a metre from 40 we sat.The children were spellbound, the raccoon providing better 41 (entertain) than any museum.He glanced at us, perhaps checking to see 42 we were about to steal his lunch.
43 delicate fingers, he peeled back the layers of plastic wrap until the half-eaten sandwich 44 (uncover).
Then he surprised us all. Instead of starting his food, he turned to a nearby pool of water and 45 (dip) his paws in.With a casual air, he rubbed his paws together underwater for a moment, brushed his fur, then started gracefully picking at his meal.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华,你校英语戏剧社正在招募新成员,请根据以下提示,用英文给负责人Mr. Smith写一封电子邮件,申请加入。内容包括:
1.申请理由;
2.个人优势;
3.表达愿望。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入总词数。
Dear Mr. Smith,
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On March 16, 2020 my left leg was injured. At that time, I thought it was a simple injury, but a medical doctor later told me that it was a serious fracture(骨折)and that I would have to be in bed for three months. It was shocking for me. I'd never spent more than 8 hours in bed before.
I am a full-time social worker and have many projects that require my active involvement(参加).I hardly had time to visit my home, but my fractured leg stopped all things. I had to stay at home for a long time. It was bad and also good. It stopped all my work, but it also gave me an opportunity to spend time with myself and my family.
I was sad and worried. How would I spend three months in bed Who would care for me Early in my injury and before my operation, one of my friends offered his room in a rented house. I was grateful for his kind support. He did all things for me.I didn't have any other choices.
I realized in my mind that I should be positive and change my lifestyle according to the situation. It was not so simple or easy. I needed to be more focused and calm. I began to practice thinking alone, read books, create more poems and talk with friends.
There were so many ups and downs in my confidence. So many times negative thoughts bothered me. I felt very sad, but I often got support from my family and friends. During this difficult period, lots of good things also happened to me. I spent so much time with myself that I had plenty of opportunities to read some good books and improve myself, while receiving good care from my friends and family.
After the operation on my leg, I realized I needed additional care to recover, so I had to stay at Kindness Home, near my family.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
I decided to organize a reading group to pass the time at Kindness Home.
Paragraph 2:
The members of our reading group also cared about other patients.
单元达标检测
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.B
8.C 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.C 13.B 14.C
15.B 16.E 17.D 18.C 19.B 20.F 21.D
22.A 23.D 24.C 25.B 26.C 27.D 28.B
29.B 30.C 31.D 32.C 33.A 34.A 35.C
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。在西班牙首都马德里要举办名人作品展览,文章就两个方面向我们展示了这次展览会的详细信息。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一部分第二段中的It runs until 11 May with rarely seen pieces borrowed from his family.可知这次展览持续到11 May,即5月11日结束。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第二部分第一段中的Ryanair flies from Manchester and Stansted.可以得出,从曼彻斯特起飞的是Ryanair。
3.A 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的It takes 40 minutes to reach the city centre. A taxi takes half the time.可以看出,乘坐出租车花费的时间是机场快速巴士的一半,即20分钟,而乘坐地铁花费的时间是30分钟,因此可以推断出乘坐出租车最快到达。
【高频词汇】
1.slight adj. 轻微的;不足道的 2.attractive adj. 吸引人的
3.range n. 范围;区间 4.combine v. 合并;协力 5.frequent adj. 频繁的
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了战争期间作者一家离开利比里亚,跟随父亲到美国等待母亲毕业,父亲在美国不辞辛苦养家。而后作者在2011年创办了一家儿童图书出版公司,并决心报答父亲为她们作出的牺牲。
4.A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Sweet was the word I remembered the most during the war...a journey that ended in a village where we hid from flying bullets (子弹)...My favorite word to write was ‘sweet’, one that had the power to numb the reality of our 6-month abandonment by peace and civilization.”可知,作者一家在利比里亚的生活令人害怕但积极。B项“甜蜜且平和”、C项“舒适但无聊”以及D项“冒险和刺激”与文章对作者的生活状况描述不符。故选A项。
5.C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“So he took whatever job he could find to make sure we always had food on the table—and books.”可知,作者的父亲努力工作来养家。A、B两项在该段中并未提及。该段中提及“He quickly found that the education he received in Liberia was not good enough for an engineering job in America.(他很快发现自己在利比里亚接受的教育不足以胜任美国的工程工作。)”但是他并没有继续深造,因此D项错误。故选C项。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It provides children's literature for the children of countries with low literacy (读写能力) rates and underrepresented cultures by publishing culturally relevant books that have something meaningful to say to them.”可知,作者创立儿童图书出版公司是为了给孩子们提供多元文化的书籍。故选B项。
7.B 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“I repay his sacrifice by honoring the education he fought for and offering my art to the world”可知,作者对父亲为之奋斗的教育表示尊重,并以艺术回馈社会,所以作者在最后一段想表达她对她父亲所做牺牲的感谢。此题容易误选A项“她对她父亲所受苦难的同情”。通过该段第一句话“I will never be able to give my father back the twenty years he spent educating us, or the home and life in Liberia he lost.”可以看出,父亲做出了很多牺牲,但作者在此并不是表达她对父亲所受苦难的同情,字里行间流露出她对父亲的感谢,所以A项错误。C项“她为自己为人民工作而感到自豪”和D项“她对利比里亚生活的失望”均与文意不符。故选B项。
【高频词汇】
1.panicky adj.恐慌的 2.abandonment n.抛弃 3.refugee n.难民
4.relevant adj.相关的 5.sacrifice n.牺牲
长难句分析
原句 I repay his sacrifice by honoring the education he fought for and offering my art to the world, with stories that make the histories of my people come alive, and with words to live by.
分析 该句是一个主从复合句。句中by doing结构表示“通过做某事”。第一个and连接honoring...和offering...,第二个and连接with stories...和with words...。定语从句that make the histories of my people come alive修饰stories,动词不定式to live by作定语修饰words。
句意 我用使我的人民的历史鲜活起来的故事和以此为生的文字来报答他的牺牲,以他为之奋斗的教育为荣,并将我的艺术奉献给这个世界。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。世界上最大的冰山A68a正向南乔治亚岛漂移,估计30天后会撞上这个海岛。如果发生撞击,将对当地的企鹅和海豹等野生动物构成严重威胁。
8.C 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“It is traveling at one kilometer an hour and is on the way to hitting South Georgia in around 30 days.”可知,A68a冰山每小时行进1公里,估计30天后会撞上南乔治亚岛,那么现在两者间的距离应该是720公里左右。故选C。A项“它被另一座冰山撞碎”,D项“它是由于水温降低而形成的”,文中未提及;B项“它在海上漂浮了不超过两年”,由第一段中的“The world's largest iceberg...in July, 2017. It has since floated...”可知B项中的for less than 2 years表述不对。
9.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “it could prevent the penguins and seals from reaching food supplies. That means they have to go a lot further.”可知,冰山可能会阻止企鹅和海豹到达食物供应区,它们不得不走更远。故选C。
10.B 主旨大意题。根据第三段内容可知,本段主要介绍了冰山撞击海岛后可能对海底的物质、海中的磷虾,以及一些稀有物种造成的影响。故选B。A项“冰山可能继续存在的时间段”;C项“稀有物种无法存活的可能原因”; D项“冰山可以产生的淡水”。
11.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段第三、四句“What we're seeing now is that the speed at which this is happening is increasing. And so, this might become more of a usual thing in the future.”可知,冰山从南极洲脱离的速度在增加,在未来,这有可能会成为普遍的事情。故选A。需要注意的是B、D两项容易错选,文中说的是官员们希望不断变化的天气模式能将冰山导向公海,最后在那里它可以破碎、融化。
【高频词汇】
1.break away from脱离;逃脱 2.spend some time(in)doing sth.花时间做某事 3.care for照顾 4.prevent...from doing sth.阻止……做某事 5.disturb v.搅乱;弄乱;妨碍;打扰;干扰
6.large amounts of 大量的 7.in time最后;及时 8.break up破碎;结束 9.cut off切断
长难句分析
原句 Right now, officials are hoping that changing weather patterns could direct the iceberg out into the open ocean, where it would, in time, break up and melt.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。句中that引导宾语从句,其中关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the open ocean。
句意 现在,官员们希望不断变化的天气模式可以引领冰山出来进入公海中,在那里,它最终将破碎并融化。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了黑猩猩在步入晚年时期时与人类相似,在社交中往往会更倾向于积极且有意义的关系。
12.C 推理判断题。根据第一段内容尤其是最后一句中的“but a new study finds that chimps (黑猩猩) also have similar tendencies”可知,当人渐渐老去时,在社交中会倾向于更积极的关系,黑猩猩也有相似的趋势。由此可推知,随着年龄的增长,黑猩猩会更专注于有意义的关系。故选C项。
13.B 推理判断题。根据第二段内容尤其是第一句“Rosati and her colleagues used 78,000 hours of observations made over 20 years from the Kibale Chimpanzee Project in Uganda.”可推知,Rosati和她的同事们是通过科学调查和观察黑猩猩来进行研究的。A项“通过研究其他研究人员提供的数据”、C项“通过在实验室的计算机上建立模型”以及D项“通过监测人类和黑猩猩的行为”与文意不符。故选B项。
14.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“This shared pattern between chimpanzees and humans...lose competitive fighting ability.”可推知,他们这样选择的原因是他们在力量上失去了竞争力。A项“无法调节情绪”、B项“渴望建立更亲密的关系”以及D项“无法适应多变的环境”与文意不符。故选C项。
15.B 推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文从较为专业的角度介绍了黑猩猩和人类的相似性,即在年岁渐老时会选择积极且更有意义的社交关系,所以本文应来自大众科学杂志。故选B项。
【高频词汇】
1.unique adj.独特的 2.tendency n.倾向 3.interaction n.互动
4.bond n.纽带;关系 5.by contrast 相比之下 6.competitive adj.具有竞争性的
长难句分析
原句 This shared pattern between chimpanzees and humans could represent an adaptive response where older adults focus on important social relationships that provide benefits and avoid interactions that have negative consequences as they lose competitive fighting ability.
分析 该句是一个主从复合句。该句的主语为pattern,被过去分词shared修饰。定语从句where older adults focus on important social relationships修饰response;定语从句that provide benefits修饰relationships;定语从句that have negative consequences修饰interactions;第二个and连接focus和avoid;as they lose competitive fighting ability是一个原因状语从句。
句意 黑猩猩和人类之间的这种共同模式可能代表了一种适应性反应,即老年人关注于能带来好处的重要社会关系,避免有负面后果的互动,因为他们失去了竞争的战斗能力。
第二节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。环保就是减少你使用的资源,尽可能地重复利用物品,回收那些不能重复利用的物品。作者主要介绍了四点有助于环保的个人习惯。
16.E 本句为第一段最后一句,起到承上启下的作用。下文主要介绍了一些环保的个人习惯,故E选项“你可能需要改变你的个人习惯。”符合语境。故选E。
17.D 结合后文Not only does it create trash, but it also...and most convenient.可知本段建议随身带着可重复使用的水瓶,而不要买会产生垃圾和消耗资源的瓶装水。故D选项“瓶装水真的对环境有害。”符合语境。故选D。
18.C 结合上文Use a backpack that you already own, or purchase a couple of reusable bags from the checkout area at your local grocery store.可知是在建议使用自己已经拥有的袋子,本句承接上文说明这些能重复使用的袋子的用途。故C选项“你可以在大多数商店使用你的可重复利用的袋子。”符合语境。故选C。
19.B 本句为本段小标题,根据其他三个标题的句式特点——都是祈使句,再结合下文中的This will help you keep trash out of the landfill.中的landfill可对应到B选项中的from the landfill,由此可知,B选项“重复利用物品,把它们从垃圾填埋场中拯救出来。”符合语境。故选B。
20.F 结合下文For instance, instead of playing online video games together, go to a local part.可知是在建议和朋友在现实生活中一起玩耍,而不是在网上。故F选项“邀请你的朋友在现实生活中与你联系。”符合语境。故选F。
【高频词汇】
1.skip vt.& vi.跳过 vt.不做,不参加 2.purchase vt.& n.购买
3.landfill n.废物填埋地 4.pursue vt.追求
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。作者把约塞米蒂国家公园当作自己的家。当作者看到公园里有大量的垃圾时,开始是作者自己捡垃圾,后来作者组织大家捡垃圾。作者借此告诉我们:改变事情的方法是动手去做,而不是抱怨。
21.D 由空后的3,300 feet和下文中的that giant rock可知,这块岩石很大。distant遥远的;loose松的;narrow狭窄的;huge巨大的。
22.A 根据下文That has been my life's passion ever since可知,从那以后,那是作者一生的钟爱。所以immediately用在这里表示作者立即知道自己想要攀登这块巨石,表达了作者对这块巨石以及攀岩的喜爱。immediately立即;finally最终;gradually逐渐地;recently最近。
23.D 由上文中的climb可知,此处为原词再现,说明作者酷爱攀登约塞米蒂的岩石和山脉。
24.C 由空后的like toilet paper,beer cans,and empty boxes可知,这些属于垃圾。
25.B 由空后的trash可知,此处是指“捡”垃圾。throw away扔掉;pick up捡起,拾起;break down出故障;dig out挖出。
26.C 由上文中的only to find trash lying all over the area again weeks later可知,几周后作者发现这个地方又到处都是垃圾了,因此,作者厌倦了。be satisfied with对……满意;be delighted at因……而高兴;be tired of厌倦……;be used to sth.习惯于某事。
27.D 由上文可知,作者是一名攀岩向导,由下文中的But及语境和常识可知,此处表示作者对组织任何重大活动一无所知。something某事;anything任何事情;everything每件事;nothing没有什么。
28.B 由下一段中的come for the clean-up可知,作者和其他登山者定下了一个清理日。clean-up清理,清扫。
29.B 由语境可知此处指“出现”。drop out退出,辍学;show up出现;look around环顾;call back回电话。
30.C 由上文Over three days we collected about 6,000 pounds of trash.可知,三天里他们捡了大约6,000磅的垃圾。所以作者对于他们的成功感到惊讶。demand要求;receive接受;achieve成功;overcome克服。
31.D 由下文the park looked clean可知,作者简直不敢相信他们所造成的影响。
32.C 由空后的132 miles of roadway可知,cover(覆盖)符合语境,以此说明他们捡垃圾的范围之大。cross穿过;measure测量;design设计。
33.A 由下文中的I would say the only way to change things is...rather than by complaining可知,此处指作者经常听到有人“抱怨”自己身处的环境。complain抱怨;talk谈话;argue争论;quarrel争吵。
34.A 由语境可知此处是指“做”。do做;think about考虑;question怀疑;watch观察。
35.C 作者告诫他人,不要一直抱怨,要有所行动,且要以身作则,他自己就是这么做的。method方法;explanation解释;example榜样;research研究。lead by example以身作则。
【高频词汇】
1.passion n.热衷的爱好 2.volunteer n.志愿者 3.surroundings n.环境 4.complain v.抱怨 5.blame vt.责备
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。几年前,在纽约观光了一个漫长的上午之后,我和孩子们在中央公园的长椅上休息。在垃圾桶旁边,我们看到了一只小浣熊。
36.pointing 考查非谓语动词。句意:“看!”我儿子说道,指着附近的一个垃圾箱。分析句子可知,设空处作状语,point与其逻辑主语my son为主动关系,故用现在分词形式pointing。
37.tasty 考查形容词。句意:在大城市里感到很自在,浣熊根本就没注意到我们,只专注于寻找美味的午餐。此处应用形容词修饰名词,故填tasty。
38.held 考查非谓语动词。句意:浣熊搜索了一些供选择的东西,之后两个爪子握着一块包裹着的三明治出来。分析句子可知,设空处作后置定语修饰sandwich,与其之间为被动关系,故用过去分词形式held。
39.Surprisingly 考查副词。句意:让人惊讶的是,浣熊没有逃跑,而是(从垃圾箱上)跳下来,很随意地走到路上的一个地方,离我们坐的地方不到一米。分析句子可知,修饰句子用副词,故填Surprisingly。
40.where 考查宾语从句。句意:同上题。分析句子可知,we sat作from的宾语,而从句缺少地点状语,故用连接副词where。
41.entertainment 考查名词。句意:孩子们十分着迷,因为浣熊给孩子们提供的快乐超过任何一个博物馆。分析句子可知,providing后接宾语,应用名词,故填entertainment。
42.if/whether 考查宾语从句。句意:它看了一下我们,可能检查我们是否会偷它的午餐。分析句子可知,we were about to steal his lunch作see的宾语,从句结构完整,但是结合语境,需要“是否”的意思,故用if或者whether。
43.With 考查介词。句意:有灵活的手指,它剥掉(三明治的)保鲜膜层,直到吃剩一半的三明治露出来。由语境可知,应填With。
44.was uncovered 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:同上题。分析句子可知,此处缺少谓语,uncover与其逻辑主语sandwich为被动关系,故用被动语态,陈述过去的事情,故用was uncovered。
45.dipped 考查动词的时态。句意:它没有开始享用它的食物,而是走到附近的水池,把爪子伸进去。分析句子可知,and连接并列的谓语,由and前的turned可知应用过去式dipped。
【高频词汇】
1.casually adv.随便地 2.glance v.瞥见 3.delicate adj.熟练的;微妙的 4.gracefully adv.优雅地 5.pick at 磨蹭着吃;(因为不饿而)小口吃
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Mr. Smith,
I'm Li Hua, writing to apply to be a member of our school English drama society. I have confidence that I am a suitable candidate for the society.
To begin with, I am enthusiastic about dramas, especially about English dramas and started playing in junior high school. In addition, I have taken part in several drama plays and performed well. Last but not least, I'm fluent in English and won first place in the English speech contest held in our city last year.
I really hope to join you. I would appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
写作指导
故事 要素 Time on March 16, 2020,early in my injury and before my operation, after the operation
Place in a rented house, at Kindness Home
Character I, my family and friends
Reason I had a serious fracture.
情节 Beginning 我的腿骨折了,不得不躺在床上。一切事情都停止了。我既伤心又担心。
Development 我意识到我应该是积极的,要改变我目前的生活方式。我的腿做了手术后,我意识到我需要额外的护理来恢复,所以我不得不待在我家人附近的Kindness Home。
续写 方向 Para. 1 I decided to organize a reading group to pass the time at Kindness Home. ①我向谁述说了我的想法 ②我的想法得到支持了吗 ③我是如何组织读书会的 我获得了什么帮助
Para. 2 The members of our reading group also cared about other patients. ①其他病人也对读书会感兴趣吗 ②读书会成员是如何帮助其他病人的 ③最终的结果如何
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
I decided to organize a reading group to pass the time at Kindness Home. I have many friends and relatives who like reading books. I wrote e-mails to them and told them what I was considering.They were happy and supported my idea.Soon afterwards, my friends and relatives came to my place to get together for the first time. We discussed the activities and plans about the reading group together. We decided to read a book every two weeks and meet with me twice a week to talk about our reading experience.
Paragraph 2:
The members of our reading group also cared about other patients. With the progress of our reading activities, other patients there showed great interest in reading.So our reading group members added another activity to help those patients read.We bought a lot of books for the patients. As they devoted themselves to reading, they no longer felt lonely.We took turns to gather in each room and sometimes bought gifts for them. Time flew quickly in happiness, and I was well enough to go home before I knew it.
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