专题十 非谓语动词【2022中考英语二轮复习 语法专题】（共29张PPT）

(共29张PPT)
人教版2022中考英语二轮复习
语法专题
专题十 非谓语动词
命题趋势
知识清单
考点抢测
满分点播
跟踪训练
近几年中考对非谓语动词的考查主要是动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语及目的状语，动词-ing形式作主语、宾语、宾语补足语的用法。预计2022年中考对不定式的考查重点会放在不定式作宾语、状语及固定搭配上。我们应该牢固掌握一些动词及相关短语的用法。
考点一 动词不定式
功能 例句
主语 To speak English well isn’t an easy job.
宾语 They decided to change their mind.
宾语 补足语 He helps the little girl to finish her homework every day.
定语 He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
表语 Our plan is to set up another middle school for the children.
功能 例句
状语 目的 Every morning he gets up very early to exercise.
结果 He returned home to learn his son had gone to the countryside.
续表
特例清单
1.不定式作宾语
①一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：would like,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,expect等。如：
Would you like to see a film this evening 你今晚想去看一场电影吗？
②在find,think后面接不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。如：
I find it easy to read English every day.我发现每天读英语很容易。
2.不定式作宾语补足语
不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。tell,ask,want,allow,get,would like,encourage后面常接动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：
My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.我母亲鼓励我学日语。
【注意】还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感（feel）、一帮（help）、二听（hear,listen to）、三让（let,make,have）、四看（look at,see,watch,notice）。但变被动语态时，必须加上to。
③特殊结构的不定式有：too...to...太……而不能……；for sb. to do sth. 对于……来说做……；of sb. to do sth.对于……来说做……
④不定式短语结构为“特殊疑问词+不定式”，在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。如:
How to solve the pollution is a big challenge.怎样治理污染是个大挑战。
I don’t know how to do it.我不知道怎么做。
3.不定式作定语
①不定式作定语时，应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。
②如果是不及物动词，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。如：
There is nothing to worry about.没有什么可担心的。
考点二 动词-ing形式
功能 例句
主语 Skating on the thin ice is dangerous.
宾语 I finished doing my homework.
表语 The nurse’s job is looking after the patients.
定语 She is reading in the reading room.
宾语补足语 He kept the machine running for ten hours.
状语 They went out of the classroom,talking and laughing.
1.英语中一些词后常接动词-ing形式作宾语，初中阶段这类词有:finish（完成）,mind（介意），be worth（值得），be busy（忙于）,practice（练习）,have fun（玩得高兴）,feel like（想要）,be used to（习惯于）,consider（考虑），enjoy（喜欢）。
2.几组动词接不定式及动词-ing形式的辨析：
①stop doing/stop to do
stop doing sth.停止做某事
stop to do sth.停止、中断做的事后去做另一件事
②forget doing/forget to do
特例清单
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（事情已做）
forget to do sth.忘记要做某事（事情没做）
③remember doing/remember to do
remember doing sth.记得做过某事（事情已做）
remember to do sth.记得要做某事（事情没做）
④try doing/try to do
try doing sth.尝试着去做某事
try to do sth.设法或努力去做某事
⑤go on doing/go on to do
go on doing sth.继续不停地做同一件事情
go on to do sth.做完一件事，接着去做另外一件事
⑥allow doing sth./allow sb. to do sth.
allow doing sth.允许做某事
allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
⑦regret doing/regret to do
regret doing sth.对做过的事情感到遗憾、后悔（已做）
regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾（未做）
考点三 动词的过去分词
（1）过去分词的功能
功能 例句
作表语 The door remained locked.
作定语 The building built last year is now a department store.
作补足语 I heard my name called.
作状语 The film star got off the car,surrounded by her fans.
（2）过去分词补足语的常见搭配
keep sth. done 使某物保持某种状态
have sth. done 使某事被（人）做
make sb. /sth. done 使某人被……/使某事被做
【考点抢测】
1.The engineers will keep ____ the project with the manager of the company.
A. discuss B. discussed C. discussing D. to discuss
C
2.I like the TV program The Readers best.I think we should spend as much time as we can ____ in our spare time.
A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads
C
3.I can’t stand ____ in public.
A. smoking B. to smoke C. smoke D. smokes
A
4.A group of students from Hongqi School hope ____ our school art festival next week.
A. join in B. to join in C. joining in D. joined in
B
5.With the improvement in transportation， students in some small villages no longer go on ropeways ____ rivers to schools.
A. to cross B. crossing C. crossed D. cross
A
6.—Why don’t the doctors stop ____ lunch？
—Because they are busy __ a patient.
A.to have； to save
B.having； saving
C.to have； saving
D.having； to save
C
7.____ with my father’s handwriting， mine is poor.
A. Compare B. Compared C. Comparing D. Compares
B
D
8.—I tried to make Alice _____ her mind but I found it difficult.
—Well, I saw you__ that when I went past.
A.changed; do B.changes; doing
C.change; to do D.change; doing
9.—You look worried.You’d better _____ your problem with others.
—Oh,yes.__ a problem is like cutting it in half.
A.share; Sharing
B.sharing; To share
C.to share; To share
D.share; Shared
A
10.—Mr. Wang,I have trouble ____ the text.Could you help me
—Certainly. First, remember __ it three times at least. Then, I will tell you more.
A.to understand; reading
B.understanding; reading
C.understanding; to read
D.to understand; to read
C
11.____ good grades in the coming exams,everyone needs to try his best.
A. Get B. To get C. Getting D. Gone
B
12.My friend invited me____the art club, and I accepted it with pleasure.
A. join B. to join C. joining D. joined
B
C
13.I will try my best to stop my son from ____the same mistake.
A. make B. made C. making D. to make
C
14.I’m sorry I can’t pick up Tom with you, though I look forward to ____ him.
A. see B. seen C. seeing D. to see
B
15.We advise parents ____ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger.
A. not leave B. not to leave C. to leave D. to not leave
to practice
16.My father often encourages me ____________ （practice） speaking English with foreigners.
called
17.The boy ________ （call） Bob has always been my best friend since we were in junior high school.
18.Would you mind _________（turn） down the music The baby is sleeping.
turning
1.（2021,天津）When I was young, my parents taught me ____ older people kindly.
A. treats B. to treat C. treated D. treat
B
2.（2021,南京）I would be interested to see the pandas in the Wolong Panda Reserve, because it allows people ____ closer to them.
A. get B. to get C. getting D. got
B
3.（2021,铜仁）—Look! There are some students ____ basketball on the playground.
—Yes. I often see them __ basketball there.
A.play; play
B.play; playing
C.playing; play
D.playing; playing
4.More and more teenagers have poor eyesight, so parents and teachers should take actions ____the situation from getting worse.
A. stop B. stopping C. stopped D. to stop
D
C
5.In his e-mail, David promised ____ his daughter during her stay in Japan.
A. visiting B. visit C. visited D. to visit
6.Mrs. Green refuses ____ sweet food. She doesn’t want to get fat.
A. eat B. eating C. to eat
C
7.Yunnan Museum is such an interesting place that many kids have fun ____ it.
A. visiting B. to visit C. reading D. to read
A
8.—Why were you angry with your daughter
—She was busy ____ and taking selfies（自拍）when I was talking to her.
A. texting B. to text C. text D. texted
A
D
9.Miss Chen, my dear English teacher, often encourages me ____ the challenges in my study.
A. face B. faces C. facing D. to face
10.—Do you have any plans for the holiday
—Yes, I’m planning to travel to Jiuzhaigou. I’m looking forward to ____ the colorful lakes and amazing waterfalls.
A. see B. seeing C. sees D. saw
B
11.Mr. Zhou is good at cooking and he has decided ____ his own restaurant.
A. open B. opened C. to open D. opening
C
D
12.Sue practises ____ the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances.
A. play B. played C. to play D. playing
D
13.It was raining. My father asked me ____ a raincoat.
A. take B. takes C. took D. to take
D
14.Larry hopes ____ his English, so he keeps practicing it every day.
A. to solve B. solving C. to improve D. improving
C
15.Some people enjoy ____ out their messages in bottles when they travel on the sea.
A. to send B. send C. sending D. sent
C
16.The traffic is terribly busy in the morning. You’d better avoid ____ in the center of the city.
A. drive B. driving C. to drive D. driven
17.—Would you like to go swimming with me, Tom
—Sorry, but our teachers always tell us ____ in the river.
A. don’t swim B. not swimming C. not to swim D. to not swim
C
18.That is the only way we can imagine ____ the waste of water in students’ bathroom.
A. stop B. stopping C. to stop D. stopped
C
B
19.—I’m Daisy, not Jessie.
—Sorry, I have difficulty ____ people’s names.
A. remembering B. remember C. to remember D. remembered
A
20.I prefer ____ the failure rather than __ my dream.
A.experience; to give up
B.to experience; give up
C.experiencing; giving up
B
21.Richard turned off the computer after he had finished ____ the email.
A. write B. to write C. writing D. wrote
C
22.He explained again and again in order to make what he did ____.
A. understand B. understood C. to understand D. understanding
B
C
23.—You can only keep the books for two weeks, Tom. Remember ____ them on time.
—I will.
A. return B. returning C. to return D. returned
B
24.People are supposed ____ hands when they meet for the first time in America.
A. shaking B. to shake C. shake D. shook
25.After long years of war, many people in Syria are homeless. I think it important ____ a peaceful world.
A. build B. not build C. to build D. not to build
C
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