中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 How do you go to school
Section A (Grammar Focus-3c)导学案
学 年 2021-2022年度第二学期 科目 七年级英语 课题 Unit2 Section A (Grammar Focus-3c) 授课时间
主 备 人 使用人 七年级师生 课型 语法课 审核签字 学案序号 3-2
学习目标 能够识记理解本节课上遇到的新单词，短语，和句型。 能谈论出行方式。 学习以how, how long和how far引导的特殊疑问句及其答语，用于谈论“方式”、“时长”和“距离”
重 点 学会用描述出行方式的词汇和句型,能运用how引导的特殊疑问句进行对话练习。 复习和巩固一般现在时特殊疑问句和一般疑问句的句式及答语。 take, spend, pay, cost“花费”的用法。
难 点
教师寄语 Never say die.(永不气馁！)
自主预习 一、根据汉语意思写出下列单词并熟读。 开车 v.___________________小汽车；轿车 n. _______________________居住；生活n._______________运输;交通工具 n. _____________________
二、根据汉语意思写出下列句子。 —你怎么到学校？—我骑自行车。____________________________________________________________________—她怎么到学校？—她通常乘公共汽车。____________________________________________________________________—到学校要多长时间？—大约要花费15分钟。____________________________________________________________________—从你家到学校有多远？—大约只有两公里。____________________________________________________________________—Jane走路上学吗？—不，她不骑。她骑自行车去。____________________________________________________________________—他们坐公共汽车去学校吗？—不，他们没有。他们走路。____________________________________________________________________
精讲点拨 How do you get to school how引导的特殊疑问句, 此处how引导的特殊疑问句用来询问交通方式。可用以下表达来回答： ① take/drive/ride+冠词+表示交通工具的名词 ② by+表示交通工具的名词 ③ on/in+冠词/物主代词+表达交通工具的名词 ④ drive/walk/ride/fly…(to+地点名词) eg：—How does she get to hospital 她怎样到医院？ —Ride a bike./ By bike. 骑自行车。 例：我骑自行车到学校。 I ride my bike to school. I get to school by bike. I get to school on my bike. 注意： on foot, by bike, by bus, by subway, by train, by car等词组的名词前不能加任何冠词或其他修饰词。 【拓展】how引导的特殊疑问句 询问身体状况 eg：—How are your grandparents 你的爷爷奶奶身体怎么样？ —They are fine. Thanks. 他们很好。谢谢。 询问程度、看法 eg：—How do you like the music 你觉得这音乐怎么样？ — It sounds great. 它听起来很棒。 询问天气 eg：— How’s the weather in Beijing 北京的天气怎么样？ — It’s sunny and warm. 晴朗温暖。 询问事情进展 eg：—How is it going 事情进展如何 —Everything goes well. 一切顺利。 How long does it take you to get to school It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.为固定句式，意为“做某事花费（某人）多长时间”。其中It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语to do sth.。take在句中意为“花费（时间）”。 eg：It takes Lily two hours to cook dinner. 莉莉花费两个小时做晚饭。 【拓展】It takes sb. + 时间+ to do sth. 做某事花费某人······时间。 对时间进行提问的句型： How long does it take (sb.) to do sth.？ eg：It takes me half an hour to finish my homework every day.(对画线部分进行提问) How long does it take you to finish your homework today 在英语中表花费的词还有很多，如：pay, spend, cost 等。 sb + pay + 金钱 + for + 物表示某人花钱买某物。如： eg：She’s paying 50 yuan for the dictionary.她要花50元买这本字典。 sb + spend +时间/金钱 (in) doing sth. eg：He spent two hours (in) playing computer games.他玩了两小时电子游戏。 sb + spend +时间/金钱 on sth. eg： She spent 150 yuan on the skirt. 她买那条裙子花了150元。 sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱 eg：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 How long does it take you to get to school how long意为“ 多久；多长时间” ，用来询问时间的长短。 eg：—How long does it take to get to the library —Half an hour by bike. 【拓展】how long 还可表示“ 多长” ，用来询问物品的长度。 eg：—How long is this river —It’s about 150 kilometers. How far is it from your home to school how far意为“多远”，用来询问距离，常用“数词+kilometers/miles”或“ 时间段的所有格形式+drive/ride”等来回答。 eg：—How far is your home from the train station — About fifteen minutes’ drive. 注意：how long表示“路程有多长”和how far“距离上多远”，不容易区分，how far侧重从一地到另一地有多远；how long侧重整段路程多长；分不清楚的话，我们可以尽量少用how long表示路程。 回答 how far 引导的问句有以下几种形式： (1) It’s +路程+from A to B. (2) A is+路程+from B. (3) It is+时间名词的所有格+walk/ride/drive. (4) It’s+时间+by+交通工具. eg：从我家到学校有20千米。It’s twenty kilometers from my home to my school. 从我的学校到医院有20千米。My school is twenty kilometers from the hospital. 步行大约五分钟的路程。It’s about five minutes’ walk. 大约十分钟的公交路程。It’s about ten minutes by bus. Does your dad drive his car to work drive 在句中作及物动词，意为“开车”。drive one’s car to work 相当于 go to work by car，意为“开车去上班”。drive 的名词形式为driver (司机；驾驶员)。 eg：Mr. Green drives his car to work every day. = Mr. Green goes to work by car every day. 格林先生每天开车去上班。 【拓展】“drive (sb.) to+地点”意为“开车(送某人)去某地”。 eg：Let me drive you to the station. 让我开车送你去车站吧。 lives about five kilometers from school. live作不及物动词，其后若接名词作宾语，则要在名词前加相应的介词；若接副词，则不用加介词。 eg：My grandparents live in the countryside. 我的爷爷奶奶住在乡村。 Do you know Tianjin My uncle lives there. 你知道天津吗？我叔叔住在那里。 【拓展】live的相关短语： live on sth. 以食某物为生 eg：Horses live on grass and lions live on meat. 马以草为食，狮子以肉为食。 live a(n) ... life 过着......的生活 eg：They live a happy life. 他们过着幸福的生活。
检测小结 一、选词填空,注重用恰当的形式。 drivewalkhow farhow longliveabout
My school is near. So I always __________ to school. The bus ride usually takes __________ 25 minutes. Mr. Bush usually __________ home. My aunt __________ ten kilometers from school. —__________ is it from your home to school —About nine kilometers. —__________ does it take to get to his school —About half an hour. 二、句型转化，每空一词。 Do your parents drive to work (作否定回答) ___________________ Mary goes to school by bike (划线部分提问) ______________________________________ Linda lives ten kilometers from school. (划线部分提问) ______________________________________ I take an hour to get to her home. (划线部分提问) ______________________________________ Eric/rides/to/school/every/his/day (连词成句) ______________________________________ 三、单项选择。 —Excuse me, could you tell me ____to get to a nearby bank —Go along this street and you will see a bank. A. why B. where C. how D. when —Excuse me, ____is this T-shirt —It’s 88 yuan. A. how much B. how many C. how long D. how old — ____do you eat out, Molly —Once a month. A. How often B. How far C. How long —____ is it from the Children’s Palace to Nanjing South Railway Station, Tom —About 10 minutes’ ride by bus. A. How much B. How far C. How often D. How long —____ is the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge —55 kilometers. A. How long B. How high C. How wide —____ are the students in your class —Most of them are only fourteen. A. How long B. How many C. How old
参考答案
自主预习 一、根据汉语意思写出下列单词并熟读。 drivecarlivetransportation
二、根据汉语意思写出下列句子。 How do you get to school I ride my bike.How does she get to school She usually takes the bus.How long does it take to get to school It takes about 15 minutes.How far is it from your home to school It’s only about two kilometers.Does Jane walk to school No, she doesn’t. She goes by bike.Do they take the bus to school No, they don’t. They walk.
检测小结 一、选词填空,注重用恰当的形式。 walkaboutdriveslivesHow farHow long
二、句型转化，每空一词。 No, they don’t.How does Mary go to school How far does Linda live from school？How long does it take to get to her home？Eric rides his bike to school every day.
三、单项选择。 CAABAC
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Unit 3 How do you go to school？
Section A Grammar Focus-3c
人教新目标版 七年级下
warm up
1. What transportation can you see in the video
[ tr nsp te n]
n. 运输;交通工具
2. How do you get to school
3. How does … get to school/…
Let's watch a video.
Lead in
What did we learn yesterday let’s read twice.
TAXI
by taxi
take the taxi
by bus
take the bus
by bike
ride the bike
by car
take the car
by plane
take the plane
by subway
take the subway
by train
take the train
on foot/ walk
Lead in
53
38
108
27
95
44
15
66
71
89
59
Words game
253
Let’s read together.
99
Lead in
Guessing game!
Look at the pictures, ask and answer questions with the help of the words and the pictures.
How do you get to school
I usually get to school __________.
by bike.
on my bike
I usually __________to school.
ride a bike
ride my bike
Lead in
How does she get to school
She usually ____________ to school.
She usually gets to school __________.
by bus
takes the bus
on a bus
Lead in
Does Jane walk to school
No, she doesn’t. She goes by bike.
Lead in
Do they take the bus to school
No, they don’t. They walk.
Lead in
How long does it take to get to school
6:45 a.m.
7:00 a.m.
It takes about 15 minutes.
About 15 minutes by bike.
Lead in
How far is it from your home to school
It’s only about two kilometers.
2 kilometers
Grammar Focus
Presentation
Observe this chart and let’s read the sentences.
How do you get to school I ride my bike.
How does she get to school She usually takes the bus.
How long does it take to get to school It takes about 15 minutes.
How far is it from your home to school It is only about two kilometers.
Does Jane walk to school No, she doesn't. She goes by bike.
Do they take the bus to school No, they don't. They walk.
How do you get to school I ride my bike.
How does she get to school She usually takes the bus.
How long does it take to get to school It takes about 15 minutes.
How far is it from your home to school It is only about two kilometers.
Does Jane walk to school No, she doesn't. She goes by bike.
Do they take the bus to school No, they don't. They walk.
Grammar Focus
特殊疑问句
一般疑问句
Look at the questions and answers again
1.特殊疑问句和一般疑问句的语序有何异同？
2.不同的人称代词分别使用什么助动词？
特殊疑问句：
疑问词+助动词do/does+主语/人称代词+动词原形+其他
一般疑问句：
助动词do/does+主语/人称代词+动词原形+其他
Grammar Focus
1. How do/does + 某人 + ___________ 某人怎么去某地？
how是疑问副词, 本句中用来提问__________ 等。
eg：你叔叔怎样去香港？
___________________________________
回答方式有两种：
A: 某人 + take(s) + ____________ + to 某地。
B: 某人 + get(s) to 某地 + _____________
eg：我叔叔乘飞机去香港。
___________________________________
___________________________________
get to 某地
出行方式
How does your uncle get to Hong Kong
how引导的特殊疑问句
the 交通工具
by 交通工具
My uncle takes the plane to Hong Kong.
My uncle gets to Hong Kong by plane.
Grammar Focus
【拓展】how引导的特殊疑问句
询问身体状况
eg：—How are your grandparents 你的爷爷奶奶身体怎么样？
—They are fine. Thanks. 他们很好。谢谢。
询问程度、看法
eg：—How do you like the music 你觉得这音乐怎么样？
— It sounds great. 它听起来很棒。
询问天气
eg：— How’s the weather in Beijing 北京的天气怎么样？
— It’s sunny and warm. 晴朗温暖。
询问事情进展
eg：—How is it going 事情进展如何
—Everything goes well. 一切顺利。
how long & how far引导的特殊疑问句
用于询问时间的长短，意为“多长时间”。回答时常用表示一段时间的词或短语。
eg：— How long does it take you to get to the zoo 你到动物园要花多长时间？
— About half an hour by bus. 乘公共汽车大约半小时。
用于询问物体的长短，意为“多长”。回答时常用表示长度的词或短语。
eg：— How long is the rope 这条绳子多长？
— It’s about ten meters. 大约10米。
how far意为“多远”，用来询问两地之间的距离。其答语常有以下三种方式：
how long
Grammar Focus
how far
It’s+
基数词(大于l) + meters/kilometers/miles…
基数词(大于l) + minutes’ /hours’ + walk/ride/drive.
时间段 + by + 表示交通工具的名词.
eg：—How far is it from here to the station 从这儿到车站有多远？
—It’s about five kilometers. 大约五千米。
—How far is it from our school to the post office
从我们学校到邮局有多远？
—It’s about half an hour’s drive. /It’s about half an hour by car.
开车大约半小时的路程。
Grammar Focus
1. 如果对时间段提问的话，就用句型： _________ + does it take sb. to do sth.
eg：步行去学校需要多长时间？
_________________________________________
她做作业需要多长时间？
_________________________________________
2. 对两地间的距离提问下列句型：_______ + is it _____ 某地 ______某地？
eg：从他家到服装店多远？
_____________________________________________________
从北京到上海有多远？
_____________________________________________________
How long
how long & how far引导的特殊疑问句
How long does it take to walk to school
How long does it take to do her homework
How far
from to
How far is it from his home to the clothes store
How far is it from Beijing to Shanghai
Grammar Focus
It takes sb. some time to do sth. 意为：___________________________
eg：步行大约要花我15 分钟的时间。
_________________________________________________
做作业大约花费简30分钟的时间。
_________________________________________________
某事花费某人……时间
take花费
It takes me about 15 minutes to walk.
It takes Jane 30 minutes to do her homework.
表示“花费”的词，除了take还有哪些
cost
spend
take
pay
Grammar Focus
Observe the sentences and find the rules.
Jane spends one hour on homework everyday.
Jane spends one hour (in) doing homework everyday.
Jane pays 200 yuan for this new bike.
The new bike costs her 200 yuan.
It takes her 15 minutes to get to school.
Grammar Focus
spend/ pay/cost/take用法结构
人
spend
pay
for
物
on sth.
(in) doing sth.
物
cost
人
时间/金钱
金钱
It
take
金钱
人
时间
to do sth.
Grammar Focus
I ______ 200 yuan _______ a Bing Dwen Dwen.
I _____ 200 yuan for a Bing Dwen Dwen.
A Bing Dwen Dwen ____ me 200 yuan.
spend
buying
pay
costs
I ______ 2 hours _______ a Bing Dwen Dwen.
It ______ me 2 hours _______ a Bing Dwen Dwen.
spend
buying
takes
to buy
3a
Match the questions with the answers. Then practice them.
drive /dra v/ v. 开车
car /kɑ (r)/ n. 小汽车；轿车
Presentation
1. How does Mike get to school
2. How long does it take to get home
3. How far is it from here
4. Do your friends go to school by bus
5. Does your dad drive his car to work
a. Yes, they do.
b. No, he doesn't.
c. He rides his bike.
d. It's five kilometers.
e. About 15 minutes.
3b
Presentation
Use these words to make questions. Then ask and answer them with your partner.
1. school / you / get to / do / how
_____________________________________ _______________________
2. to / school / get to / does / how long / take / it
_____________________________________ _______________________
3. school/your / from/it / is / how far/home / to
_____________________________________ _______________________
4. you / to / walk / do / school
_______________________ _____________________________
5. ride / their bikes / do / school / your friends / to
______________________________________ _______________________
How do you get to school
How long does it take to get to school
How far is it from your home to school
Do you walk to school
Do your friends ride their bikes to school
I ride my bike.
It takes about five minutes.
It’s about two kilometers.
No, I don’t. I always ride my bike.
Yes, they do.
Pair work
How do you get to school
I ride my bike.
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in 3b.
How long does it take you get to school
It takes about five minutes.
Ask your classmates questions and write their names in the chart. The first student to fill in all the blanks wins!
3c
Presentation
Find someone who... Name
lives about five kilometers from school.
walks to school.
takes a bus to school.
goes to school by bike.
needs about an hour to get to school.
needs about 10 minutes to get to school.
live /l v/ v. 居住；生活
Make a survey in your group.
Presentation
Questions S1 S2
How far do you live from school
Do you walk to school
How do you get to school
How long does it take to get to school
5 kilometers
No, I don’t.
take the bus
10 minutes
Presentation
In my group, S1 lives about five kilometers from school. He goes to school by bus. It takes about ten minutes to get to school.
Finish the chart in 3c, then make a report about your classmates like this.
S2 lives about …
S3 lives about …
Summary
总结：How 引导的特殊疑问句
1.用来询问方式或手段。
eg：— How does Li Lei usually go to school
— He usually goes to school by bus.
2.用来询问程度。
eg：— How is your weekend 周末过得怎样？
— How is your mother today 你妈妈今天身体好吗？
3. 【how long】
（1）询问时间长短
eg：— How long does it take you to go to work by bike every day
你每天骑自行车上班花多长时间？
— Half an hour. 半个小时。
（2）多用来询问长度。
eg：How long is the Yellow River 黄河有多长？
4. 【 how far 】提问路程的长短。
eg：—How far is it from your home to school 你家离学校有多远？
— About 2 kilometers. 大约2千米。
Language points
drive v. 开车
Point
1. Does your dad drive his car to work (教材P15 3a)
drive 在句中作及物动词，意为“开车”。drive one’s car to work 相当于 go to work by car，意为“开车去上班”。drive 的名词形式为driver (司机；驾驶员)。
eg：Mr. Green drives his car to work every day.
= Mr. Green goes to work by car every day. 格林先生每天开车去上班。
【拓展】“drive (sb.) to+地点”意为“开车(送某人)去某地”。
eg：Let me drive you to the station. 让我开车送你去车站吧。
2. lives about five kilometers from school. (教材 P15 3c)
live v. 居住；生活
Point
live作不及物动词，其后若接名词作宾语，则要在名词前加相应的介词；若接副词，则不用加介词。
Language points
eg：My grandparents live in the countryside. 我的爷爷奶奶住在乡村。
Do you know Tianjin My uncle lives there. 你知道天津吗？我叔叔住在那里。
【拓展】live的相关短语：
live on sth. 以食某物为生
eg：Horses live on grass and lions live on meat. 马以草为食，狮子以肉为食。
live a(n) ... life 过着......的生活
eg：They live a happy life. 他们过着幸福的生活。
Exercises
一、翻译句子。
1. 林飞家离学校大约10千米。
2. — 从你家到学校有多远？
— 3英里。
3. 你家离学校有多远？
_____ _______ is it ______ your home ______ school
4. 在中国，自行车和公共汽车是最流行的
交通方式。
In China, bikes and buses _____ the ______popular ____________ of ________________.
Lin Fei’s home is about 10 kilometers from school.
— How far is it from your home to school
— It’s three miles.
How far from to
are most ways/means transportation
Exercises
二、单项选择
( )1.—Excuse me, could you tell me ____to get to a nearby bank
—Go along this street and you will see a bank.
A. why B. where C. how D. when
( )2.—Excuse me, ____is this T-shirt
—It’s 88 yuan.
A. how much B. how many C. how long D. how old
( )3.— ____do you eat out, Molly
— Once a month.
A. How often B. How far C. How long
C
A
A
Exercises
( )4.—____ is it from the Children’s Palace to Nanjing South Railway Station, Tom
— About 10 minutes’ ride by bus.
A. How much B. How far C. How often D. How long
( )5.—____ is the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge
—55 kilometers.
A. How long B. How high C. How wide
( )6.—____ are the students in your class
—Most of them are only fourteen.
A. How long B. How many C. How old
B
A
C
三、按要求改写句子，每空一词
1. My father goes to work by subway every day. （对画线部分提问）
______ does your father ______ to work every day
2. My sister is eight years old. （对画线部分提问）
______ ______ is your sister
3. It takes me two days to make a model plane.（对画线部分提问）
______ ______does it take you to make a model plane
How
go
How old
How
long
Exercises
Homework
1. Preview the new words and phrases in Section B (1a-1e).
2. Do the exercises in students’ book.
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