人教版高中英语选修七Unit4 Sharing定语从句课件(39张ppt)

(共39张PPT)
Grammar
Review of
the Attributive Clause
定语从句复习
英语句子从结构上看有三种类型：
1.简单句（Simple Sentence)
2.并列句（Compound Sentence)
3.主从复合句 （Complex Sentence)
(1)简单句的五大基本句型：
Her face was red.
You can consider my suggestion.
She left.
He told me a secret.
He found the work half done.
主语+连系动词+表语
主语 ＋及物动词＋宾语
主语＋不及物动词
主语＋及物动词＋间宾＋直宾
主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾补　
（2）并列句：由两个或两个以上等立而又 相互独立的简单句构成，两个简单句由等立连词连在一起。 其结构是： 简单句+并列连词+简单句
Keep on trying and you will make progress.
You should hurry, or we will be late.
He said he would come but he didn’t
There were no buses, so I had to take a taxi.
保持努力，你将会取得进步。
你应该快点，否则我们要迟到了。
他说他会来，但是他没有。
没有公共汽车，所以我不得不打的。
常见的并列连词：
并列关系：and, not only…but also…
转折关系：but, yet(可是), while(然而)
因果关系:so, for
（3）复合句：由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子。从句可分为名词性从句、状语从句和定语从句三类。
他说他明年要上大学。
He said that he would go to college the next year.
如果你不努力学习，你将会失败。
If you don’t study hard, you will fail.
1、定语从句的概念
The man who lives next to us is a lawyer.
在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫_________。
被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫_______。
引导定语从句的词叫______。
定语从句
先行词
关系词
who
关系词的作用：
引导定语从句
代替先行词
在定语从句中担当一个成分
关系词
that which who whom whose
关系副词
2、关系词的分类
关系代词
when where why
关系代词
关系代词
先行词
在从句中充当的成分
who
whom
that
which
whose
as
人
人
人/物
人/物
人/物
物
主语、宾语
主语、宾语
主语、宾语
主语、宾语、表语
宾语
定语
关系副词
关系副词
先行词
在从句中充当的成分
when
where
why
表时间的名词
表地点的名词
表原因的名词
（reason）
时间状语
地点状语
原因状语
找出下列句子的先行词、关系词和定语从句。
1. The building which/that stands near the road is our school.
2. Zhou Enlai is the great person that/who/whom we all respect.
3. I have a neighbour whose house is for sale.
4. I still remember the day when I first came to this school.
5. Luoding is the place where I spent my childhood.
6. Please tell me the reason why you missed the lesson.
Step 1 找出__________，分清它指代___还是___。
Step 2 把先行词放进定语从句中，
看先行词在从句中充当______________。
1)作状语:
2)作主语/宾语:
3)作定语:
小结：如何选择关系词？
用关系副词 when, where, why
用关系代词 who, whom, that, which
用关系代词 whose
先行词
人 物
什么成分
Exercise
The boy _______ wears glasses is Harry Potter.
These are the trees ______ were planted last year.
The woman __________ you wanted to visit is a teacher.
This is the car ________ he bought last year
He is the man _____ car was stolen last night.
This is the room ______ Tom once lived.
I’ll never forget that day ____ I met him.
The reason ____ he lated for class is that he missed bus.
who/that
which/that
who/whom/that
which/that
whose
where
when
why
课堂探究
一、区分使用关系代词和关系副词
(1) This is the place _____________we visited.
(2) This is the place _________ we lived.
(3) I will never forget the day ______________ we spent together.
(4) I will never forget the day _________ I met you.
which/that
宾语
where
which/that
when
状语
宾语
状语
填入合适的关系代词或关系副词，并判断其在从句中充当的成分。
which/that
why
宾语
宾语
状语
which
介词后不能用that来做关系词
why
宾语
状语
which
②由关系副词引导的定语从句，通常可转换为
“介词+which”引导的定语从句。
介词的确定要根据先行词的具体情况而定。
⑴This is the place _______ we lived for 5 years.
=This is the place __ ______ we lived for 5 years.
⑵I will never forget the day ______ I met Mr. Li.
=I will never forget the day __ ______ I met Mr. Li.
⑶I don’t know the reason____ he dropped out of school.
=I don’t know the reason___ _____ he dropped out of school.
Pratice: 关系副词与“介词+which”的转换
where
in which
when
on which
why
for which
二、关系词只用that的几种情况
1.Harry Porter is the most wonderful film ____ I have ever seen.
①先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰且指物时，只用that；
2.The bike and its rider _____ had run over an old man were taken to the police.
②先行词中既有人又有物时，只用that；
3.The only thing ______ we can do is to give you some money.
③先行词被the very, the only等修饰且指物时，只用that；
that
that
that
4.I’d like to tell you something _____ will make you surprised.
④先行词是everything, something, anything, nothing, much, little, none等不定代词时，只用that；
5.I’ve read all the books __________ can be borrowed from our school library.
⑤先行词由不定代词every, all, much, some, any, few, little, no等修饰时，只用that；
6.Who is the person______ is standing at the gate
⑥当先行词前面有who/which等疑问代词时，只用that。
that
that
that
小结：关系词只用that的几种情况归纳：
1)先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰且指物时；
2)先行词中有人又有物时；
3)先行词被the very, the only等修饰且指物时；
4)先行词是everything, something, anything, nothing, much, little, none等不定代词时；
5)先行词由不定代词every, all, much, some, any, few, little, no等修饰时；
6)当先行词前面有who/which等疑问代词时。
三、定语从句和其他相似句型
It is a question that needs careful consideration.
It is Li Lei who/that broke the window yesterday.
课堂检测
一、语法填空：填入合适的关系词。
1.They planted some trees __________ didn’t need much water.
2.She is the girl _______________ lives next door.
3.That was the boy __________________ I met on the street yesterday.
4.This is the house ____________ window broke last night.
5.Do you know the things and persons __________ they are talking about
6.I, Robot is the most exciting movie ___________ I’ve ever seen.
that
that/who
that/who/whom
whose
that
that
7.There was a time _________________ there were no radios, telephones or TV sets.
8.This is the reason _________________ he refused our help.
9.Last year my dad went to the farm ________________ he worked 30 years ago.
puter is the subject in ____________ all students are interested.
when/ during which
why/ for which
where/on which
which
二、翻译句子（使用限制性定语从句）
1.你会交到一些好朋友，他们也很喜欢打乒乓球。
You will make some good friends
______________________________________________________
2.我认为你总是生气的原因可能是学习上的巨大压力。
I think the reason ___________________________________
may be the high pressure of study.
who are also interested in playing table tennis.
why you are always angry
3.不到长城非好汉。
He _____________________________________ is not a true man.
4.不努力的人永远不会成功。
One__________________________will never succeed.
who has never been to the Great Wall
who doesn’t work hard
Step 1 找出先行词，分清人或物。
Step 2 把先行词放进定语从句中，
看先行词在从句中充当什么成分。
2.如何选择关系词:
Summary
1.在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
3.关系词只用that不用which的几种情况
定语从句
The Restrictive Attributive Clause
限制性定语从句
The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause
非限制性定语从句
二、定语从句分类
Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. （限制性定语从句）
Mr Wan, who is kind, is popular with the students. （非限制性定语从句）
形式 作用 能否省略 翻译
限制性
定语从句
非限制性定语从句
有逗号与主句隔开
修饰限定
补充解释
不能
能
….的
分开翻译
无逗号隔开
限定性和非限定性定语从句
限制性
非限制性
a.The old man (who) we visited yesterday is a famous artist.
b.That house, which we build a hundred years ago, stood in the earthquake.
先行词在限制性定语从句中做宾语时，关系词_______省略。
先行词在非限制性定语从句中做宾语时，关系词_______省略。
可以
不可以
1. 宾语是否能省略
两类定语从句中关系词的区别
2、关系词可否用that
a. I like the books that are written by Lu Xun.
b. Hangzhou is a beautiful city, which is often called the Heaven of the Earth.
在限制性定语从句中，关系词_______用that。
在非限制性定语从句中，关系词_______省略。
可以
不可以
3、非限制性定语从句中不可用why而用for which代替why
Do you know the reason why he was so sorry.
I have told him the reason, for which I missed the early bus .
介词+关系代词
4. As, which 引导的非限制性定语从句
As is known to all, China is a developing country.
Lu Xun, as you know, is a famous writer.
He is from the South, as we can tell from his accent.
He married her, which was unexpected.
Pengshui is a beautiful city, which is my hometown.
As 引导的非限制性定语从句，意为___________. 可以置于主句
________, _________, ___________.
Which 引导的非限制定语从句，意为___________，置于主句
________.
正如，正像
之前
之中
之后
这一点
之后
There is no simple answer, ____ is often the case in science.
Some of the roads were flooded, ______ made our journey
more difficult.
The weather turned out to be very good, _____ was more
than we could expect.
Exercise
as
which
which
Thank you !