2022届高考英语二轮复习：阅读理解长难句分析建议9（附重点词汇用法）讲义
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语二轮复习：阅读理解长难句分析建议9（附重点词汇用法）讲义 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-03-07 08:19:55 | ||
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阅读理解长难句分析建议9（附重点词汇用法）--2022届高考英语二轮复习
长难句1：But for a good many people in the world, in rich and poor countries, choice is a luxury, something wonderful but hard to get, not a right. And for those who think they are exercising their right to make choices, the whole system is merely an illusion, a false idea created by companies and advertisers hoping to sell their products.
译文：但是对于世界上的很多人来说，不管他们身处富有还是贫穷的国家，选择都是奢侈品， 一种美妙但难以企及的东西，而不是一种权利。对于那些认为自己在行使选择权的人来说， 这所有的一切不过是一种幻觉，一种由公司和广告商为销售产品共同制造的假象。
点拨：
exercise one’s right：行使权利
长难句2：But quite often a bottle doesn’t contain as much as it appears to.
译文：但是瓶子里装的东西往往并不像看起来的那么多。
点拨：
quite often：经常
长难句3：It is believed that the better-known companies spend, on average, 70 per cent of the total cost of the product itself on packaging!
译文：人们认为，更知名的公司在包装上的花费平均占产品总成本的70%。
长难句4：Any fool can make soap, but it takes a genius to sell it.
译文：任何傻瓜都能造出肥皂，但要把它卖掉就需要天才。
长难句5：Almost every day we come across situations in which we have to make decisions one way or another.
译文：我们几乎每天都会遇到需要做出这样或那样的决定的情况。
长难句6：Easy access to a wide range of everyday goods leads to a sense of powerlessness in many people, ending in the shopper giving up and walking away, or just buying an unsuitable item that is not really wanted.
译文：容易获得各种日常用品会让很多人产生无力感，最终购物者要么放弃并离开，要么只是买一件不合适也并非真正想要的商品。
分析：
ending in ...作状语。
点拨：
easy access to：容易获得，可轻易接近
a wide range of：各种各样的
a sense of powerlessness：无力感
长难句7：It is not just the availability of the goods that is the problem, but the speed with which new types of products come on the market.
译文：问题不仅仅在于商品的供应，还在于新产品上市的速度。
点拨：
the availability of the goods：商品的供应
come on the market：上市
长难句8：Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to replace them within a short time.
译文：产品还不能有太长的使用寿命，这样就可以说服公众在短时间内把它们换掉。
长难句9：Gone are the days when one could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one thing; no choice, no anxiety.
译文：人们可以轻松地走进商店购买某一商品的日子已经一去不复返了，没有选择就没有焦虑。
分析：
这是一个典型的倒装句式。Gone is sth意思是“某事物一去不复返”。
长难句10：And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.
译文：在如今，一笔划算的买卖是很多人都不愿错过的。
点拨：
deal：交易
afford to do sth：承担得起做某事
pass up：错过
长难句11：I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide.
译文：我已经写了几本书，其中一本题为《商战的技巧：消费者生存指南》。
分析：
titled ... 为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰one。
点拨：
a couple of：一些，几个
title：加标题于
长难句12：I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money’s worth.
译文：让你的钱花得值并不可耻，所以我才告诉你这一点。
长难句13：I’m also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants.
译文：当涉及到给孩子们买衣服和鞋子，或是光顾高级餐厅时，我也很吝啬。
点拨：
tightfisted：吝啬的，抠门的(tight+fist+ed)
长难句14：Soon you may be able to throw your wallet away and pay for things with a quick wave of your smartphone over an electronic scanner.
译文：很快你就可以扔掉钱包，用智能手机在电子扫描仪上快速一扫进行付款。
长难句15：This is the first pay-by-phone practice in the U.S., but we’re likely to see more wireless payment alternatives as something called near field communication (NFC) gets into America’s consumer electronics.
译文：在美国，这是第一次使用手机支付，但是，随着“近场通讯技术”进入美国的电子消费领域，我们将会看到更多可供选择的无线支付方式出现。
分析：
本句用连词but连接并列分句，后一分句使用as引导时间状语从句。
长难句16：Already in use in parts of Asia and Europe, NFC allows shoppers to wave their phones a few inches above a payment terminal — a contact-free system built for speed and convenience.
译文：NFC技术已经在亚洲和欧洲部分地区使用，它使得消费者能在支付终端上方几英寸的地方挥一挥手机进行支付。支付终端是一种免接触系统，为速度和便利而生。
点拨：
Already in use in parts of Asia and Europe是一个省略句，省略了主语和谓语it is。
be in use：(机器、场所等) 在使用中
allow：使有可能
contact-free：无接触的(-free 表示“不含……的，没有……的”)
长难句17：But before NFC becomes widely adopted in the U.S., a few problems need to be worked out, like who will get to collect the profitable transaction fees.
译文：但NFC技术在美国被广泛采用之前，有几个问题需要解决，比如谁来收取利润丰厚的交易费。
点拨：
be widely adopted：被广泛采用
work out：解决
profitable：有利可图的，有益的(profit+able)
长难句18：The other big NFC issue, apart from how payments will be processed, is security.
译文：除了如何处理付款，NFC技术还有另外一个大问题，就是安全问题。
点拨：
apart from：除了(相当于except，besides，except for)
长难句19：We’re still not at the point where an attacker can just brush against you in a crowd and steal all the money out of your phone.
译文：我们还没有到达，攻击者在人群中对着你一扫，就可以从你的手机上把钱盗走的地步。
分析：
point在句中意为“阶段，程度，地步”，其后是where引导的定语从句。
长难句20：Keep in mind that if you lose your smartphone, it can be located on a map and remotely disabled.
译文：记住，如果你丢失了智能手机，可以在地图上对其定位，并远程禁用。
点拨：
keep in mind that...：记住……
locate：确定……的位置
disable：使(机器、设备等) 停止工作(从基本义“使(某人) 残疾”到衍生义“使(某物)停止工作”)
长难句21：Some shoppers are tired of department stores and supermarkets —fighting the crowds, waiting in long lines, and sometimes having slight hope of finding anything they want to buy.
译文：一些购物者已经厌倦了百货商店和超市——拥挤的人群，等待的长队，有时还买不到想要的东西。
长难句22：Their closets are full of clothing and jewelry that they have never worn, with the price tags still on them.
译文：他们的衣橱里塞满了从来不穿的衣服和从未戴过的首饰，上面还系着价格标签。
分析：
that引导定语从句，先行词是clothing and jewelry。with复合结构作状语。
长难句23：Many shopaholics are aware of their problem, but when they go to a store, they simply can’t resist the urge to buy. Some of them are ashamed of their weakness and try to hide it by storing their purchases in places like the attic, where others won’t see them.
译文：许多购物狂意识到他们的问题，但是每当走进商店，他们根本无法抗拒买买买的欲望。他们中的一些人以此为耻，甚至将买来的东西藏在阁楼之类别人看不见的地方。
分析：
最后一句中的where引导定语从句，修饰先行词places。
点拨：
be aware of：意识到
simply：根本，简直
can’t resist the urge to buy：无法抗拒购买的欲望(the urge to do sth 做某事的欲望)
be ashamed of：为……感到羞耻
长难句24：Psychologists suggest there are several reasons for a shopping addiction. For some people, it is a way of relieving stress. For others, shopping is a way to fight loneliness or depression. For people with low self-esteem, shopping can be a way that they prove their self-worth. Sometimes the problem develops out of boredom. It becomes a replacement for other hobbies and interests, and it helps pass the time. Although shopping can temporarily make people feel good, they often experience feelings of shame and guilt later.
译文：心理学家认为，购物成瘾有几个原因。对一些人来说，这是一种缓解压力的方法。对另一些人来说，购物是一种对抗孤独或抑郁的方法。对于自尊心不强的人来说，购物是一种证明自我价值的方式。有时，购物是因为无聊。它代替了其他兴趣爱好，可以用来打发时间。尽管购物可以暂时让人们感觉良好，但之后他们往往会感到羞耻和内疚。
分析：
写作时可以借鉴这样的句型For some people,... For others,... For people with...
点拨：
a way of relieving stress：缓解压力的方法
a way to fight loneliness or depression：对抗孤独和抑郁的方法
people with low self-esteem：自尊心不强的人
a way that they prove their self-worth：证明自我价值的方法(表示“做某事的方法”本段用了三种结构a way of doing sth，a way to do sth，a way that)
develop：(问题或困难) 出现，产生
out of boredom：因为无聊
a replacement for：替代……
pass the time：打发时间
长难句25：Their goal is to help people find ways to fulfill themselves that do not lead to serious debt and troubled lives.
译文：他们的目标是帮助人们找到满足自己的方法，不会带来大量的债务和生活麻烦的方法。
分析：
that引导定语从句，修饰先行词ways。
点拨：
fulfill oneself：满意，充分发挥自己的才能
serious：(非正式，只用于名词前) 大量的
troubled：问题多的，混乱的
长难句26：Its 630,000 inhabitants are increasingly convinced that the 14 million visitors a year are far too much of a good thing.
译文：它的63万居民越来越相信每年1400万游客远非一件好事。
点拨：
increasingly：more and more 越来越
convince：to make sb / yourself believe that sth is true 使确信，使信服
too much of a good thing：好事多了也腻，好事过头反成坏事
长难句27：Tourists arranged by travel companies tend to stay at big foreign-owned hotels, buying few local products.
译文：旅游公司安排的游客往往住在大型外资酒店，很少购买当地产品。
分析：
arranged by travel companies作tourists的后置定语。
点拨：
ten to do sth：往往会做某事
长难句28：Yet if something isn’t done, tourism seems certain to become the victim of its own success.
译文：然而，如果不采取行动，旅游业似乎注定会成为自身成功的牺牲品。
长难句29：Among the smaller cities with their own programmers are Newcastle (casual members pay around 1.50 for two hours)and Cardiff (free for up to 30 minutes, or 5 per day).
译文：在这些比较小的城市中,有属于它们自己项目的包括纽卡斯尔(一般会员每两小时大约1.5英镑) 和卡迪夫(最多免费30分钟或每天5英镑)。
分析：
状语提前，引起全部倒装。
长难句30：Reserve your spot before availability — and the cherry blossoms —disappear!
译文：趁樱花正盛，门票未磬，赶紧预订景点！
点拨：
availability指“可购得，可买到”的状态。
长难句1：But for a good many people in the world, in rich and poor countries, choice is a luxury, something wonderful but hard to get, not a right. And for those who think they are exercising their right to make choices, the whole system is merely an illusion, a false idea created by companies and advertisers hoping to sell their products.
译文：但是对于世界上的很多人来说，不管他们身处富有还是贫穷的国家，选择都是奢侈品， 一种美妙但难以企及的东西，而不是一种权利。对于那些认为自己在行使选择权的人来说， 这所有的一切不过是一种幻觉，一种由公司和广告商为销售产品共同制造的假象。
点拨：
exercise one’s right：行使权利
长难句2：But quite often a bottle doesn’t contain as much as it appears to.
译文：但是瓶子里装的东西往往并不像看起来的那么多。
点拨：
quite often：经常
长难句3：It is believed that the better-known companies spend, on average, 70 per cent of the total cost of the product itself on packaging!
译文：人们认为，更知名的公司在包装上的花费平均占产品总成本的70%。
长难句4：Any fool can make soap, but it takes a genius to sell it.
译文：任何傻瓜都能造出肥皂，但要把它卖掉就需要天才。
长难句5：Almost every day we come across situations in which we have to make decisions one way or another.
译文：我们几乎每天都会遇到需要做出这样或那样的决定的情况。
长难句6：Easy access to a wide range of everyday goods leads to a sense of powerlessness in many people, ending in the shopper giving up and walking away, or just buying an unsuitable item that is not really wanted.
译文：容易获得各种日常用品会让很多人产生无力感，最终购物者要么放弃并离开，要么只是买一件不合适也并非真正想要的商品。
分析：
ending in ...作状语。
点拨：
easy access to：容易获得，可轻易接近
a wide range of：各种各样的
a sense of powerlessness：无力感
长难句7：It is not just the availability of the goods that is the problem, but the speed with which new types of products come on the market.
译文：问题不仅仅在于商品的供应，还在于新产品上市的速度。
点拨：
the availability of the goods：商品的供应
come on the market：上市
长难句8：Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to replace them within a short time.
译文：产品还不能有太长的使用寿命，这样就可以说服公众在短时间内把它们换掉。
长难句9：Gone are the days when one could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one thing; no choice, no anxiety.
译文：人们可以轻松地走进商店购买某一商品的日子已经一去不复返了，没有选择就没有焦虑。
分析：
这是一个典型的倒装句式。Gone is sth意思是“某事物一去不复返”。
长难句10：And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.
译文：在如今，一笔划算的买卖是很多人都不愿错过的。
点拨：
deal：交易
afford to do sth：承担得起做某事
pass up：错过
长难句11：I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide.
译文：我已经写了几本书，其中一本题为《商战的技巧：消费者生存指南》。
分析：
titled ... 为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰one。
点拨：
a couple of：一些，几个
title：加标题于
长难句12：I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money’s worth.
译文：让你的钱花得值并不可耻，所以我才告诉你这一点。
长难句13：I’m also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants.
译文：当涉及到给孩子们买衣服和鞋子，或是光顾高级餐厅时，我也很吝啬。
点拨：
tightfisted：吝啬的，抠门的(tight+fist+ed)
长难句14：Soon you may be able to throw your wallet away and pay for things with a quick wave of your smartphone over an electronic scanner.
译文：很快你就可以扔掉钱包，用智能手机在电子扫描仪上快速一扫进行付款。
长难句15：This is the first pay-by-phone practice in the U.S., but we’re likely to see more wireless payment alternatives as something called near field communication (NFC) gets into America’s consumer electronics.
译文：在美国，这是第一次使用手机支付，但是，随着“近场通讯技术”进入美国的电子消费领域，我们将会看到更多可供选择的无线支付方式出现。
分析：
本句用连词but连接并列分句，后一分句使用as引导时间状语从句。
长难句16：Already in use in parts of Asia and Europe, NFC allows shoppers to wave their phones a few inches above a payment terminal — a contact-free system built for speed and convenience.
译文：NFC技术已经在亚洲和欧洲部分地区使用，它使得消费者能在支付终端上方几英寸的地方挥一挥手机进行支付。支付终端是一种免接触系统，为速度和便利而生。
点拨：
Already in use in parts of Asia and Europe是一个省略句，省略了主语和谓语it is。
be in use：(机器、场所等) 在使用中
allow：使有可能
contact-free：无接触的(-free 表示“不含……的，没有……的”)
长难句17：But before NFC becomes widely adopted in the U.S., a few problems need to be worked out, like who will get to collect the profitable transaction fees.
译文：但NFC技术在美国被广泛采用之前，有几个问题需要解决，比如谁来收取利润丰厚的交易费。
点拨：
be widely adopted：被广泛采用
work out：解决
profitable：有利可图的，有益的(profit+able)
长难句18：The other big NFC issue, apart from how payments will be processed, is security.
译文：除了如何处理付款，NFC技术还有另外一个大问题，就是安全问题。
点拨：
apart from：除了(相当于except，besides，except for)
长难句19：We’re still not at the point where an attacker can just brush against you in a crowd and steal all the money out of your phone.
译文：我们还没有到达，攻击者在人群中对着你一扫，就可以从你的手机上把钱盗走的地步。
分析：
point在句中意为“阶段，程度，地步”，其后是where引导的定语从句。
长难句20：Keep in mind that if you lose your smartphone, it can be located on a map and remotely disabled.
译文：记住，如果你丢失了智能手机，可以在地图上对其定位，并远程禁用。
点拨：
keep in mind that...：记住……
locate：确定……的位置
disable：使(机器、设备等) 停止工作(从基本义“使(某人) 残疾”到衍生义“使(某物)停止工作”)
长难句21：Some shoppers are tired of department stores and supermarkets —fighting the crowds, waiting in long lines, and sometimes having slight hope of finding anything they want to buy.
译文：一些购物者已经厌倦了百货商店和超市——拥挤的人群，等待的长队，有时还买不到想要的东西。
长难句22：Their closets are full of clothing and jewelry that they have never worn, with the price tags still on them.
译文：他们的衣橱里塞满了从来不穿的衣服和从未戴过的首饰，上面还系着价格标签。
分析：
that引导定语从句，先行词是clothing and jewelry。with复合结构作状语。
长难句23：Many shopaholics are aware of their problem, but when they go to a store, they simply can’t resist the urge to buy. Some of them are ashamed of their weakness and try to hide it by storing their purchases in places like the attic, where others won’t see them.
译文：许多购物狂意识到他们的问题，但是每当走进商店，他们根本无法抗拒买买买的欲望。他们中的一些人以此为耻，甚至将买来的东西藏在阁楼之类别人看不见的地方。
分析：
最后一句中的where引导定语从句，修饰先行词places。
点拨：
be aware of：意识到
simply：根本，简直
can’t resist the urge to buy：无法抗拒购买的欲望(the urge to do sth 做某事的欲望)
be ashamed of：为……感到羞耻
长难句24：Psychologists suggest there are several reasons for a shopping addiction. For some people, it is a way of relieving stress. For others, shopping is a way to fight loneliness or depression. For people with low self-esteem, shopping can be a way that they prove their self-worth. Sometimes the problem develops out of boredom. It becomes a replacement for other hobbies and interests, and it helps pass the time. Although shopping can temporarily make people feel good, they often experience feelings of shame and guilt later.
译文：心理学家认为，购物成瘾有几个原因。对一些人来说，这是一种缓解压力的方法。对另一些人来说，购物是一种对抗孤独或抑郁的方法。对于自尊心不强的人来说，购物是一种证明自我价值的方式。有时，购物是因为无聊。它代替了其他兴趣爱好，可以用来打发时间。尽管购物可以暂时让人们感觉良好，但之后他们往往会感到羞耻和内疚。
分析：
写作时可以借鉴这样的句型For some people,... For others,... For people with...
点拨：
a way of relieving stress：缓解压力的方法
a way to fight loneliness or depression：对抗孤独和抑郁的方法
people with low self-esteem：自尊心不强的人
a way that they prove their self-worth：证明自我价值的方法(表示“做某事的方法”本段用了三种结构a way of doing sth，a way to do sth，a way that)
develop：(问题或困难) 出现，产生
out of boredom：因为无聊
a replacement for：替代……
pass the time：打发时间
长难句25：Their goal is to help people find ways to fulfill themselves that do not lead to serious debt and troubled lives.
译文：他们的目标是帮助人们找到满足自己的方法，不会带来大量的债务和生活麻烦的方法。
分析：
that引导定语从句，修饰先行词ways。
点拨：
fulfill oneself：满意，充分发挥自己的才能
serious：(非正式，只用于名词前) 大量的
troubled：问题多的，混乱的
长难句26：Its 630,000 inhabitants are increasingly convinced that the 14 million visitors a year are far too much of a good thing.
译文：它的63万居民越来越相信每年1400万游客远非一件好事。
点拨：
increasingly：more and more 越来越
convince：to make sb / yourself believe that sth is true 使确信，使信服
too much of a good thing：好事多了也腻，好事过头反成坏事
长难句27：Tourists arranged by travel companies tend to stay at big foreign-owned hotels, buying few local products.
译文：旅游公司安排的游客往往住在大型外资酒店，很少购买当地产品。
分析：
arranged by travel companies作tourists的后置定语。
点拨：
ten to do sth：往往会做某事
长难句28：Yet if something isn’t done, tourism seems certain to become the victim of its own success.
译文：然而，如果不采取行动，旅游业似乎注定会成为自身成功的牺牲品。
长难句29：Among the smaller cities with their own programmers are Newcastle (casual members pay around 1.50 for two hours)and Cardiff (free for up to 30 minutes, or 5 per day).
译文：在这些比较小的城市中,有属于它们自己项目的包括纽卡斯尔(一般会员每两小时大约1.5英镑) 和卡迪夫(最多免费30分钟或每天5英镑)。
分析：
状语提前，引起全部倒装。
长难句30：Reserve your spot before availability — and the cherry blossoms —disappear!
译文：趁樱花正盛，门票未磬，赶紧预订景点！
点拨：
availability指“可购得，可买到”的状态。