非谓语动词讲解课件2021-2022学年高考英语二轮复习（51张PPT）
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| 名称 | 非谓语动词讲解课件2021-2022学年高考英语二轮复习（51张PPT） |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 902.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-03-08 08:53:51 | ||
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文档简介
(共51张PPT)
语法精讲
非谓语动词
感悟高考
语法填空
1. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ) You don’t have to run fast or for long
__________(see) the benefit.
2. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ) You may drink, smoke, be overweight
and still reduce your risk of __________(die) early by running.
3. (2018·全国卷Ⅱ) The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ______________(improve) water quality.
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ) I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid___________ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged.
5. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___________ (perform)consistently over a large area
to see
dying
to improve
looking
to perform
(
）
(
）
语法填空
6. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Once his message was delivered, he allowed me __________(stay) and watch.
7. (2018·浙江卷)I still remember __________(visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
8. (2018·浙江卷)While regularly eating out seems to ________________ (become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost.
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Fast food is full of fat and salt; by _________ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
10. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Scientist have responded by ___________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are .
to stay
visiting
have become
eating
noting
考点解读：
1.考查非谓语动词的句法功能
(状语、定语、宾语、补语、主语和表语等)
2. 考查固定搭配
Having practiced
to be working
to have studied
being held
to be held
考点解读：
1.考查非谓语动词的句法功能
(状语、定语、宾语、补语、主语和表语等)
2. 考查固定搭配
考点突破
考点一 非谓语动词作状语
一 不定式作状语
◆(2018·北京卷) During the Mid－Autumn
Festival, family members often gather together
to share a meal, admire the moon and enjoy
moon cakes.
◆(四川卷)Tom took a taxi to the airport, only to
find his plane high up in the sky.
◆(辽宁卷)This machine is very easy to operate.
Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
名师点津
“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，形容词表示主语的性质或特征，如： easy, difficult, hard, cheap, expensive, fit, comfortable, heavy, good, important, impossible, dangerous 等。
句子的主语和不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且此时不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
另外需注意的是在该结构中，不定式中的动词必须是及物动词，若为不及物动词，则要在其后加上适当的介词，使之构成及物动词短语。
The man is not easy to get along well with .
考点归纳（ 不定式作状语）
1．作目的状语，
可用so as to/in order to替换，但so as to一般不可置
于句首，意为“为了；想要”。
2．作结果状语，常用于下列结构中：
only to do(表示意想不到的结果)；
enough to do(足够做……)；
too...to do...(太……而不能……)；
so/such...as to...(如此……以至于……)等。
3．作原因状语，
常用在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋to do”结构中。不
定式用以说明产生这种情绪的原因。这类形容
词:happy, glad, sorry, anxious, angry, pleased,
surprised, astonished, delighted, disappointed 等。
二 分词作状语
◆(2018·江苏卷) Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, exceeding the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.
在这期间，大约创造13500个新的工作，超过市场分析师持有的12000的预期数量。
◆(2018·北京卷)Ordinary soap, used correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
考点归纳 （分词作状语）
1.分词作状语时，可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、伴随状况等。为了强调，还可与while, when, once, if, unless等连用。
2.非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常要与句子的主语保持一致。现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
名师点津
某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，且常用于一些系表结构中，此时这些过去分词只表示一种状态，作状语时不表示被动关系，其前不用being。
常见的有located(坐落于), lost(迷路的), seated(坐着的), hidden(躲着的), lost/absorbed/buried in(沉溺于), dressed in(穿着), tired of(厌烦的), faced with(面对着)等，
◆(天津卷) Absorbed in painting , John didn’t
notice evening approaching.
三 独立成分作状语
◆(浙江卷) To be honest, the pay isn’t attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting.
有些分词或不定式短语作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常考的有：
generally speaking(to be general) 一般来说
honestly/roughly/strictly speaking 老实说/大体说/严格说
frankly speaking/to be frank 坦白说
judging from/by 根据……来判断
taking...into consideration/account 考虑到……
considering/seeing/given... 考虑到……
to tell the truth/to be honest 说实话
to make things worse 更糟糕的是
四 独立主格结构作状语
◆Weather permitting, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.
◆He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.
◆With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly elected president is having a hard time.
◆(安徽卷) John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work finished, he gladly accepted it.
◆(北京卷) I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise going on.
独立主格
独立主格结构：由名词或代词加名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词等构成用于修饰整个句子。该结构位置相当灵活，可置于句首、句末或句中，常由逗号将其与句子主体分开，在句中通常作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、目的等，还可以作定语。其构成形式主要有：
1．名词/代词＋形容词/副词/名词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式(主动表被动)
2．with/without＋名词/代词＋宾语补足语(现在分词/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语)
Offered
to save
(
）
考点突破
考点二 非谓语动词作定语
一 不定式作定语
◆(安徽卷)The play to be produced next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.
◆He is always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave the school.
◆(辽宁卷)And the best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit.
考点归纳（不定式作定语）
不定式作定语通常放在所修饰词之后，表示
将来的动作。
2. 序数词，形容词最高级，the last, the only
等后或被这些词修饰的名词/代词后，常用不
定式作定语。
3．被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。
常见名词：ability, chance, idea, hope, wish, fact,
excuse, promise, attempt, way 等。
名师点津
不定式作定语时，当句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式使用主动式；当句子的主语不是不定式的逻辑主语且不定式与所修饰的名词或代词之间是被动关系时，不定式使用被动式。
◆Have you got anything to buy
◆I want to go to Beijing. Do you have anything
to be bought
名师点津
不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往是动宾关系，若该不定式是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。
◆Suddenly a good idea occurred to her,
but she couldn’t find any paper to write on.
二分词作定语
◆(福建卷) Tsinghua University, founded in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
◆(北京卷) Last night, there were millions of people watching the opening ceremony live on TV.
考点归纳（分词作定语）
1．作定语的及物动词的分词形式有：
dong (被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时)
being＋done(被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系
且表示正在进行时)
done (被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表完
成时)
2．作定语的不及物动词的分词形式为：
doing （现在分词表示动作正在进行）
done （过去分词只表示动作已完成，不表被动）。
◆falling leaves 正在落下的叶子(表正在进行)
◆fallen leaves 落叶(表完成)
解题点津
非谓语动词作定语的解题思路：
表示被动、完成用过去分词(done)；
表示主动、进行用现在分词(doing)；
表示被动、进行用being done；
表示主动、尚未进行用to do；
表示被动、尚未进行用to be done。试比较：
①Today there are more airplanes carrying more people than ever before in the skies.
②The bridge built in 2017 was designed by a local company.
③The bridge being built now was designed by a local company.
④The bridge to be built next year was designed by a local company.
to catch
spent
saying
考点突破
考点三 非谓语动词作宾语
一 非谓语动词作宾 语
◆(江苏卷)The police officers decided to conduct a
thorough and comprehensive review of the case.
◆There is no doubt that the event will attract more
visitors to enjoy visiting this wonderful city.
◆(陕西卷)I still remember being taken to the Famen
Temple and what I saw there.
◆(重庆卷)The author begins his account of the tour
in the forest mainly by describing various sounds.
考点归纳 （非谓语 动词作宾语）
1．只接不定式作宾语的动词：
decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish；
refuse, manage， care, pretend ,offer, promise, choose,
plan；agree, ask/beg, help等
2．只接动名词作宾语的动词及短语：
consider, suggest/advise, look forward to,
excuse/pardon；admit, fancy avoid, miss，deny, finish,
enjoy/appreciate，forbid/avoid, imagine, risk；mind,
allow/permit, escape等
名师点津
1.动词learn, decide, know, wonder, show, tell, understand, explain, teach, advise, find out等常接“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语。
2. allow, permit, forbid, advise后需加动名词作宾语，但如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，则用不定式作宾补，即allow/permit/forbid/advise doing sth
sb to do sth
考点归纳 （非谓语 动词作宾 语）
3．接不定式与动名词作宾语意义不同的动词：
(1)try to do 尽力try doing 试着去做
(2)mean to do打算做；mean doing 意味着
(3)regret to do遗憾要去做regret doing后悔做过
(4)remember to do 记得去做remember doing记得做过
(5)forget to do忘记去做forget doing 忘记做了
4．动词作介词的宾语时，要用动名词形式，不能用动词不定式。
由“动词＋介词”构成的短语，其后跟动名词作宾语，
常见的有：be/get used to(习惯于), feel like(想要), insist on(坚
持), get down to(开始认真做某事), devote...to...(致力于……),
object to(反对), stick to(坚持), give up(放弃)，
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth，have fun (in) doing sth.等
名师点津
3.动词want, need, require作“需要”讲时，其后要用v. ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动语态作宾语。与此用法相同的动词还有deserve(值得)。
4.当非谓语动词位于but, except后时，习惯上要用不定式。并且，当其前有实义动词do及相关形式时，则不定式要省略to；若其前没有动词do，则不定式通常带to。
◆We had no choice but to wait.
◆I could do nothing except/but agree.
名师点津
不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语,结构：
find/think/ believe/ consider + it +宾补 + to do
◆ I find it interesting to study history.
to eat
trying
to be discovered
trying
考点突破
考点四 非谓语动词作宾补
一 不定式作宾补
◆(山东卷)If we expect people to give up the habit of driving, we must give them an alternative they can rely on.
不定式作宾补时，宾语和不定式之间在逻辑上是主谓关系，不定式表将来、主动。常用不定式作宾补的动词(短语)：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, intend, invite, order, persuade, prefer, require, remind, tell, want, warn, wish, call on, depend on等。
高考点津
◆(江西卷)He is thought to have acted foolishly. Now
he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
Sb/sth be + said/believed/reported/considered
/thought＋to do/to have done
（不定式用作主语补足语）
It be+ said/believed/reported/considered… +that
二分词作宾补
◆Listen! Do you hear someone calling for help
◆(福建卷)Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a
good way to have her written English improved in
a short period.
1．现在分词作宾补时，动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系，且强调正在进行的主动动作。可接现在分词作宾补的常见动词：感官动词(see, watch, observe, notice, hear, listen, feel), 使役动词(have, get), find, leave, keep, catch等。
2．过去分词作宾补时，动词与宾语之间存在动宾关系。可接过去分词作宾补的常见动词：感官动词(see, watch, observe, notice, hear, listen, feel), 使役动词(have, make, let, get), find, leave, keep等。
名师点津
使役动词have, get后接非谓语动词作补语的异同点：
(1)have sth. done＝get sth. done让别人做某事
(2)have sb./sth. doing让……一直做某事；
get sb./sth. doing 使……开始做某事
(3)have sb. do sth.＝get sb. to do sth.让某人做某事
(4)have sb. doing用于否定句中，常与can’t，won’t等连用，表示“不能容忍某人做某事”。
◆(四川卷)Before driving into the city, you are
required to get your car washed.
becoming
organized
考点突破
考点五 非谓语动词作主语和表语
一 不定式作主语和表语
◆(浙江卷)No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it’s better to remain silent.
1．不定式作主语时，一般表示具体某一次的
动作。若不定式太长，常用it作形式主语而
将不定式后置。
1) It + be + difficult/easy/hard…+for sb to do sth
2) It +be + careless/clever/kind… +of sb to do sth
3) It +be +名词 +to do sth
4) It + took/takes sb + some time +to do sth
一 不定式作主语和表语
◆His wish is to be a doctor in the future.
◆What I want to do most in senior high school is (to) improve my English.
(如果前面有实义动词do的形式，作表语的不定式常省略to)
不定式作表语时：
(1)表示预定要发生的动作；
(2)当主语是aim, purpose, idea, plan, wish, decision, choice等词时，常用不定式作表语；
(3)主语为what引导的名词性从句时，表语多用不定式。
二动名词作主语和表语
◆(2018·北京卷) Traveling along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
◆It’s no use complaining without taking action.
1. 动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或习惯性的动作。也可用it作形式主语，动名词作真正的主语放在句末。动名词作表语时相当于名词，用于解释主语的内容，表语和主语常常可以互换位置。
2. 常用于动名词作主语的句型：
1) It’s a waste of time doing...
2) It’s no use/good doing...
3) It is useless doing...
4) It is worth doing ….
enjoying
to bargain
如何解答非谓语动词题目
解题指导
1. 分析句子结构，辨别“谓语和非谓语”
(全国卷Ⅰ)A study of travelers_____________ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.
2．寻找逻辑主语，确定逻辑主语与所给动词之间的关系
(重庆卷)The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras ____________ (return) to our shop for quality problems.
3．分析所给动词表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作发生的先后顺序
_______________ (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
conducted
returned
Having worked
考点演练
1．(2019·石家庄联考)She failed this English examination
again. This is because she sometimes has trouble (pay)
attention to her study.
2．(2019·四川诊断)To his surprise, Jack found his son __________
(dress) as Santa Claus on Christmas Eve.
3．(2019·福建月考) (compare)with the traditional
trade mode, they don’t have to spend money in renting a house.
However, there are still some disadvantages to online shopping.
4. (2019·安徽江淮联考)Another student, a 15 year old
girl from Guangdong, was afraid of exams. She would get very
upset with the exam paper (lie) in front of her.
5．(2019·石家庄期末)Failing (turn) in your homework on
time will directly affect your grade for a certain course.
paying
dressed
Compared
lying
to turn
考点练习
6．(2019·湖南模拟)Long (consider) a
masterpiece of Chinese literature, the novel is generally
acknowledged to be the peak of Chinese fiction.
7．(2019·河北模拟)Once (build), Xiong’an New
Area will reduce the burden of Beijing heavily.
8．(2019·潍坊模拟)It is very difficult for parents to
decide whether (have) a second child or not.
9．(2019·河南模拟)The visitors to Britain may find the
most marvelous place (enjoy) the local culture is in a
traditional pub.
10. (2019·湖北调考)The Yangtze River， (know) in
China as the Chang Jiang is the longest river in Asia and the
longest in the world to flow entirely within one country.
considered
built
to have
to enjoy
known
谢谢观看
语法精讲
非谓语动词
感悟高考
语法填空
1. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ) You don’t have to run fast or for long
__________(see) the benefit.
2. (2018·全国卷Ⅰ) You may drink, smoke, be overweight
and still reduce your risk of __________(die) early by running.
3. (2018·全国卷Ⅱ) The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ______________(improve) water quality.
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ) I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid___________ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged.
5. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___________ (perform)consistently over a large area
to see
dying
to improve
looking
to perform
(
）
(
）
语法填空
6. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Once his message was delivered, he allowed me __________(stay) and watch.
7. (2018·浙江卷)I still remember __________(visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
8. (2018·浙江卷)While regularly eating out seems to ________________ (become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost.
(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Fast food is full of fat and salt; by _________ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
10. (2019·全国卷Ⅰ) Scientist have responded by ___________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are .
to stay
visiting
have become
eating
noting
考点解读：
1.考查非谓语动词的句法功能
(状语、定语、宾语、补语、主语和表语等)
2. 考查固定搭配
Having practiced
to be working
to have studied
being held
to be held
考点解读：
1.考查非谓语动词的句法功能
(状语、定语、宾语、补语、主语和表语等)
2. 考查固定搭配
考点突破
考点一 非谓语动词作状语
一 不定式作状语
◆(2018·北京卷) During the Mid－Autumn
Festival, family members often gather together
to share a meal, admire the moon and enjoy
moon cakes.
◆(四川卷)Tom took a taxi to the airport, only to
find his plane high up in the sky.
◆(辽宁卷)This machine is very easy to operate.
Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
名师点津
“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，形容词表示主语的性质或特征，如： easy, difficult, hard, cheap, expensive, fit, comfortable, heavy, good, important, impossible, dangerous 等。
句子的主语和不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且此时不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
另外需注意的是在该结构中，不定式中的动词必须是及物动词，若为不及物动词，则要在其后加上适当的介词，使之构成及物动词短语。
The man is not easy to get along well with .
考点归纳（ 不定式作状语）
1．作目的状语，
可用so as to/in order to替换，但so as to一般不可置
于句首，意为“为了；想要”。
2．作结果状语，常用于下列结构中：
only to do(表示意想不到的结果)；
enough to do(足够做……)；
too...to do...(太……而不能……)；
so/such...as to...(如此……以至于……)等。
3．作原因状语，
常用在“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋to do”结构中。不
定式用以说明产生这种情绪的原因。这类形容
词:happy, glad, sorry, anxious, angry, pleased,
surprised, astonished, delighted, disappointed 等。
二 分词作状语
◆(2018·江苏卷) Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, exceeding the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.
在这期间，大约创造13500个新的工作，超过市场分析师持有的12000的预期数量。
◆(2018·北京卷)Ordinary soap, used correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
考点归纳 （分词作状语）
1.分词作状语时，可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、伴随状况等。为了强调，还可与while, when, once, if, unless等连用。
2.非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常要与句子的主语保持一致。现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
名师点津
某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，且常用于一些系表结构中，此时这些过去分词只表示一种状态，作状语时不表示被动关系，其前不用being。
常见的有located(坐落于), lost(迷路的), seated(坐着的), hidden(躲着的), lost/absorbed/buried in(沉溺于), dressed in(穿着), tired of(厌烦的), faced with(面对着)等，
◆(天津卷) Absorbed in painting , John didn’t
notice evening approaching.
三 独立成分作状语
◆(浙江卷) To be honest, the pay isn’t attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting.
有些分词或不定式短语作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常考的有：
generally speaking(to be general) 一般来说
honestly/roughly/strictly speaking 老实说/大体说/严格说
frankly speaking/to be frank 坦白说
judging from/by 根据……来判断
taking...into consideration/account 考虑到……
considering/seeing/given... 考虑到……
to tell the truth/to be honest 说实话
to make things worse 更糟糕的是
四 独立主格结构作状语
◆Weather permitting, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.
◆He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.
◆With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the newly elected president is having a hard time.
◆(安徽卷) John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work finished, he gladly accepted it.
◆(北京卷) I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise going on.
独立主格
独立主格结构：由名词或代词加名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词等构成用于修饰整个句子。该结构位置相当灵活，可置于句首、句末或句中，常由逗号将其与句子主体分开，在句中通常作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、目的等，还可以作定语。其构成形式主要有：
1．名词/代词＋形容词/副词/名词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式(主动表被动)
2．with/without＋名词/代词＋宾语补足语(现在分词/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语)
Offered
to save
(
）
考点突破
考点二 非谓语动词作定语
一 不定式作定语
◆(安徽卷)The play to be produced next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.
◆He is always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave the school.
◆(辽宁卷)And the best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit.
考点归纳（不定式作定语）
不定式作定语通常放在所修饰词之后，表示
将来的动作。
2. 序数词，形容词最高级，the last, the only
等后或被这些词修饰的名词/代词后，常用不
定式作定语。
3．被修饰词是抽象名词时，常用不定式作定语。
常见名词：ability, chance, idea, hope, wish, fact,
excuse, promise, attempt, way 等。
名师点津
不定式作定语时，当句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语时，不定式使用主动式；当句子的主语不是不定式的逻辑主语且不定式与所修饰的名词或代词之间是被动关系时，不定式使用被动式。
◆Have you got anything to buy
◆I want to go to Beijing. Do you have anything
to be bought
名师点津
不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往是动宾关系，若该不定式是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。
◆Suddenly a good idea occurred to her,
but she couldn’t find any paper to write on.
二分词作定语
◆(福建卷) Tsinghua University, founded in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
◆(北京卷) Last night, there were millions of people watching the opening ceremony live on TV.
考点归纳（分词作定语）
1．作定语的及物动词的分词形式有：
dong (被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时)
being＋done(被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系
且表示正在进行时)
done (被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表完
成时)
2．作定语的不及物动词的分词形式为：
doing （现在分词表示动作正在进行）
done （过去分词只表示动作已完成，不表被动）。
◆falling leaves 正在落下的叶子(表正在进行)
◆fallen leaves 落叶(表完成)
解题点津
非谓语动词作定语的解题思路：
表示被动、完成用过去分词(done)；
表示主动、进行用现在分词(doing)；
表示被动、进行用being done；
表示主动、尚未进行用to do；
表示被动、尚未进行用to be done。试比较：
①Today there are more airplanes carrying more people than ever before in the skies.
②The bridge built in 2017 was designed by a local company.
③The bridge being built now was designed by a local company.
④The bridge to be built next year was designed by a local company.
to catch
spent
saying
考点突破
考点三 非谓语动词作宾语
一 非谓语动词作宾 语
◆(江苏卷)The police officers decided to conduct a
thorough and comprehensive review of the case.
◆There is no doubt that the event will attract more
visitors to enjoy visiting this wonderful city.
◆(陕西卷)I still remember being taken to the Famen
Temple and what I saw there.
◆(重庆卷)The author begins his account of the tour
in the forest mainly by describing various sounds.
考点归纳 （非谓语 动词作宾语）
1．只接不定式作宾语的动词：
decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish；
refuse, manage， care, pretend ,offer, promise, choose,
plan；agree, ask/beg, help等
2．只接动名词作宾语的动词及短语：
consider, suggest/advise, look forward to,
excuse/pardon；admit, fancy avoid, miss，deny, finish,
enjoy/appreciate，forbid/avoid, imagine, risk；mind,
allow/permit, escape等
名师点津
1.动词learn, decide, know, wonder, show, tell, understand, explain, teach, advise, find out等常接“疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语。
2. allow, permit, forbid, advise后需加动名词作宾语，但如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，则用不定式作宾补，即allow/permit/forbid/advise doing sth
sb to do sth
考点归纳 （非谓语 动词作宾 语）
3．接不定式与动名词作宾语意义不同的动词：
(1)try to do 尽力try doing 试着去做
(2)mean to do打算做；mean doing 意味着
(3)regret to do遗憾要去做regret doing后悔做过
(4)remember to do 记得去做remember doing记得做过
(5)forget to do忘记去做forget doing 忘记做了
4．动词作介词的宾语时，要用动名词形式，不能用动词不定式。
由“动词＋介词”构成的短语，其后跟动名词作宾语，
常见的有：be/get used to(习惯于), feel like(想要), insist on(坚
持), get down to(开始认真做某事), devote...to...(致力于……),
object to(反对), stick to(坚持), give up(放弃)，
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth，have fun (in) doing sth.等
名师点津
3.动词want, need, require作“需要”讲时，其后要用v. ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动语态作宾语。与此用法相同的动词还有deserve(值得)。
4.当非谓语动词位于but, except后时，习惯上要用不定式。并且，当其前有实义动词do及相关形式时，则不定式要省略to；若其前没有动词do，则不定式通常带to。
◆We had no choice but to wait.
◆I could do nothing except/but agree.
名师点津
不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语,结构：
find/think/ believe/ consider + it +宾补 + to do
◆ I find it interesting to study history.
to eat
trying
to be discovered
trying
考点突破
考点四 非谓语动词作宾补
一 不定式作宾补
◆(山东卷)If we expect people to give up the habit of driving, we must give them an alternative they can rely on.
不定式作宾补时，宾语和不定式之间在逻辑上是主谓关系，不定式表将来、主动。常用不定式作宾补的动词(短语)：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, intend, invite, order, persuade, prefer, require, remind, tell, want, warn, wish, call on, depend on等。
高考点津
◆(江西卷)He is thought to have acted foolishly. Now
he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
Sb/sth be + said/believed/reported/considered
/thought＋to do/to have done
（不定式用作主语补足语）
It be+ said/believed/reported/considered… +that
二分词作宾补
◆Listen! Do you hear someone calling for help
◆(福建卷)Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a
good way to have her written English improved in
a short period.
1．现在分词作宾补时，动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系，且强调正在进行的主动动作。可接现在分词作宾补的常见动词：感官动词(see, watch, observe, notice, hear, listen, feel), 使役动词(have, get), find, leave, keep, catch等。
2．过去分词作宾补时，动词与宾语之间存在动宾关系。可接过去分词作宾补的常见动词：感官动词(see, watch, observe, notice, hear, listen, feel), 使役动词(have, make, let, get), find, leave, keep等。
名师点津
使役动词have, get后接非谓语动词作补语的异同点：
(1)have sth. done＝get sth. done让别人做某事
(2)have sb./sth. doing让……一直做某事；
get sb./sth. doing 使……开始做某事
(3)have sb. do sth.＝get sb. to do sth.让某人做某事
(4)have sb. doing用于否定句中，常与can’t，won’t等连用，表示“不能容忍某人做某事”。
◆(四川卷)Before driving into the city, you are
required to get your car washed.
becoming
organized
考点突破
考点五 非谓语动词作主语和表语
一 不定式作主语和表语
◆(浙江卷)No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it’s better to remain silent.
1．不定式作主语时，一般表示具体某一次的
动作。若不定式太长，常用it作形式主语而
将不定式后置。
1) It + be + difficult/easy/hard…+for sb to do sth
2) It +be + careless/clever/kind… +of sb to do sth
3) It +be +名词 +to do sth
4) It + took/takes sb + some time +to do sth
一 不定式作主语和表语
◆His wish is to be a doctor in the future.
◆What I want to do most in senior high school is (to) improve my English.
(如果前面有实义动词do的形式，作表语的不定式常省略to)
不定式作表语时：
(1)表示预定要发生的动作；
(2)当主语是aim, purpose, idea, plan, wish, decision, choice等词时，常用不定式作表语；
(3)主语为what引导的名词性从句时，表语多用不定式。
二动名词作主语和表语
◆(2018·北京卷) Traveling along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
◆It’s no use complaining without taking action.
1. 动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或习惯性的动作。也可用it作形式主语，动名词作真正的主语放在句末。动名词作表语时相当于名词，用于解释主语的内容，表语和主语常常可以互换位置。
2. 常用于动名词作主语的句型：
1) It’s a waste of time doing...
2) It’s no use/good doing...
3) It is useless doing...
4) It is worth doing ….
enjoying
to bargain
如何解答非谓语动词题目
解题指导
1. 分析句子结构，辨别“谓语和非谓语”
(全国卷Ⅰ)A study of travelers_____________ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.
2．寻找逻辑主语，确定逻辑主语与所给动词之间的关系
(重庆卷)The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras ____________ (return) to our shop for quality problems.
3．分析所给动词表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作发生的先后顺序
_______________ (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
conducted
returned
Having worked
考点演练
1．(2019·石家庄联考)She failed this English examination
again. This is because she sometimes has trouble (pay)
attention to her study.
2．(2019·四川诊断)To his surprise, Jack found his son __________
(dress) as Santa Claus on Christmas Eve.
3．(2019·福建月考) (compare)with the traditional
trade mode, they don’t have to spend money in renting a house.
However, there are still some disadvantages to online shopping.
4. (2019·安徽江淮联考)Another student, a 15 year old
girl from Guangdong, was afraid of exams. She would get very
upset with the exam paper (lie) in front of her.
5．(2019·石家庄期末)Failing (turn) in your homework on
time will directly affect your grade for a certain course.
paying
dressed
Compared
lying
to turn
考点练习
6．(2019·湖南模拟)Long (consider) a
masterpiece of Chinese literature, the novel is generally
acknowledged to be the peak of Chinese fiction.
7．(2019·河北模拟)Once (build), Xiong’an New
Area will reduce the burden of Beijing heavily.
8．(2019·潍坊模拟)It is very difficult for parents to
decide whether (have) a second child or not.
9．(2019·河南模拟)The visitors to Britain may find the
most marvelous place (enjoy) the local culture is in a
traditional pub.
10. (2019·湖北调考)The Yangtze River， (know) in
China as the Chang Jiang is the longest river in Asia and the
longest in the world to flow entirely within one country.
considered
built
to have
to enjoy
known
谢谢观看