2022届高考英语二轮复习:阅读理解C篇专项训练-(含答案)

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名称 2022届高考英语二轮复习:阅读理解C篇专项训练-(含答案)
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更新时间 2022-03-08 12:33:54

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阅读理解C篇
(A)
A walk through the Amazon rainforest today and you will find it is steamy, warm, damp and thick. But if you had been around 15, 000 years ago, during the last ice age, would it have been the same. For more than 30 years, scientists have been arguing about how rainforests like the Amazon might have reacted (反应) to the cold, dry climates of the ice ages, but until now, no one has reached a satisfying answer. Rainforests like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to slow global warming. Currently the trees in the Amazon take in around 500 million tons of CO2 each year: equal to the total amount of CO2 giving off in the UK each year. But how will the Amazon react to future climate change If it gets drier, will it still survive and continue to draw down CO2. Scientists hope that they will be able to learn in advance how the rainforest will manage in the future by understanding how rainforests reacted to climate change in the past.
Unfortunately, getting into the Amazon rainforest and collecting information are very difficult. To study past climate, scientists need to look at fossilized pollen, kept in lake muds. Going back to the last ice age means drilling deep down into lake sediments (沉淀物) which requires specialized equipment and heavy machinery. There are very few roads and paths, or places to land helicopters and aeroplanes. Rivers tend to the easiest way to enter the forest, but this still leaves vast areas between the rivers completely unsampled (未取样). So far, only a handful of cores have been drilled that go back to the last ice age and none of them provide enough information to prove how the Amazon rainforest reacts to climate change.
1. The underlined phrase “mopping up” in the second paragraph means “_______”.
A. cleaning up B. taking in C. wiping out D. giving out
2. How will the Amazon rainforest react to future climate change
A. It’ll get drier and continue to remove CO2 . B. It’ll remain steamy, warm, damp and thick.
C. It’ll get warmer and then colder and drier. D. There is no exact answer up to present.
3. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph
A. It’s important to drill deep down into lake sediments to collect information.
B. It’s impossible to prove how climate changes in the Amazon rainforest.
C. It’s hard to collect information for studies of the past climate in the Amazon rainforest.
D. It’s necessary to have specialized equipment and machinery to study the past climate.
4. The best title for this passage may probably be _______.
A. Studies of the Amazon B. Climates of the Amazon
C. Secrets of the Rainforests D. Changes of the Rainforests
【Keys】1-4BDCC
(B)
For those who are tired doing the laundry, Samsung has found an answer: a washing machine that can tell you when your laundry is done via a smartphone app (application).
Strange though it may seem -- “my wife already does that” was a common response among attendees viewing the device when it was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) this week -- Samsung is just one of many appliance makers racing to install (安装) a large number of internet-connected features in machines in an effort to make them “smart”.
Last year, it was a refrigerator that tweeted. This year, it’s WiFi-enabled laundry machines and fridges that can tell you when your groceries are going bad.
The washers and dryers, available starting in the spring, connect to any smartphone through a downloadable application. The phone can then be used as a remote control, so the machines can be turned on and off while their owners is at work or on the bus.
Samsung says it’s not just something new -- the app connection actually has some practical uses.
“If you started to dry clothes in the morning and forgot to take them out, you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time when come home, so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go,” said spokesperson Amy Schmidt.
The company also says that with electricity rate (电价) varying depending on the time of day, more control over when the machines are used can help save money.
Perhaps, but what they will probably really accomplish is what all good technologies do -- enable laziness. Rather than getting up to check on whether the laundry is done, users will instead monitor it on their phones while watching TV.
1. What can be inferred from the common response of the attendees at the CES
A. The machine will be a big success. B. their wives like doing the laundry.
C. The machine is unrelated to their life. D. This kind of technology is familiar to them.
2. What can we learn about the new laundry machines
A. They can tell you when your clothes need washing
B. They can be controlled with a smartphone
C. They are difficult to operate
D. They are sold at a low price
3. We can conclude from Samsung’s statements that _______.
A. the app connection makes life easier B. it is better to dry clothes in the morning
C. smartphone can shorten the drying time D. we should refresh clothes back at home
4. What is the main idea of the last paragraph
A. The laundry should be frequently checked. B. Lazy people like using such machines
C. Good technologies also cause problems. D. Television may help do the laundry.
【Keys】1-4 DBAC
(C)
For some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.” People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes (音调). Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are very far apart on the musical scale.
As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music set them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in social isolation (隔离). “I used to hate parties,” says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition.
Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex, and it doesn’t involve defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can’t see certain colors.
Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed . For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say, ‘No thanks, I’m amusic,’” says Margaret. “I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”
1. Which of the following is true of amusics
A. Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them.
B. They love places where they are likely to hear music.
C. They can easily tell two different songs apart.
D. Their situation is well understood by musicians.
2. According to paragraph 3, a person with “defective hearing” is probably one who ________.
A. dislikes listening to speeches B. can hear anything non-musical
C. has a hearing problem D. lacks a complex hearing system
3. In the last paragraph, Margaret expressed her wish that ________.
A. her problem with music had been diagnosed earlier
B. she were seventeen years old rather than seventy
C. her problem could be easily explained
D. she were able to meet other amusics
4. What is the passage mainly concerned with
A. Amusics’ strange behaviours. B. Some people’s inability to enjoy music.
C. Musical talent and brain structure. D. Identification and treatment of amusics.
【Keys】1-4 ACAB
(D)
A new study shows students who write notes by hand during lectures perform better on exams than those who use laptops.
Students are increasingly using laptops for note-taking because of speed and legibility (清晰度). But the research has found laptop users are less able to remember and apply the concepts they have been taught.
Researchers performed experiments that aimed to find out whether using a laptop increased the tendency to make notes “mindlessly” by taking down word for word what the professors said.
In the first experiment, students were given either a laptop or pen and paper. They listened to the same lectures and were told to use their usual note-taking skills. Thirty minutes after the talk, they were examined on their ability to remember facts and on how well they understood concepts.
The researchers found that laptop users took twice as many notes as those who wrote by hand. However, the typists performed worse at remembering and applying the concepts. Both groups scored similarly when it came to memorizing facts.
The researchers’ report said, “While more notes arc beneficial, if the notes are taken mindlessly, as is more likely the case on a laptop, the benefit disappears.”
In another experiment aimed at testing long-term memory, students took notes as before but were tested a week after the lecture. This time, the students who wrote notes by hand performed significantly better on the exam.
These two experiments suggest that handwritten notes arc not only better for immediate learning and understanding, but that they also lead to superior revision in the future.
1. More and more students favor laptops for note-taking because they can _______.
A. write more notes B. digest concepts better
C. get higher scores D. understand lectures better
2. While taking notes, laptop users tend to be _______.
A. skillful B. mindless C. thoughtful D. tireless
3. The author of the passage aims to _______.
A. examine the importance of long-term memory B. stress the benefit of taking notes by hand
C. explain the process of taking notes D. promote the use of laptops
4. The passage is likely to appear in _______.
A. a newspaper advertisement B. a computer textbook
C. a science magazine D. a finance report
【Keys】1-4 ABBC
(E)
Speaking two languages can actually help offset (抵消) some effects of aging on the brain, a new study has found.
Researchers tested how long it took participants to switch from one cognitive (认知的) task to another, something that-s known to take longer for older adults, said lead researcher, Brian Gold, a neuroscientist at the University of Kentucky.
Gold’s team compared task-switching speeds for younger and older adults, knowing they would find slower speeds in the older population because of previous studies. However, they found that older adults who spoke two languages were able to switch mental activities faster than those didn’t . The study only looked at life long bilinguals (会说两种语言的人) defined in study as people speaking a second language daily since they were at least 10 years old.
Gold and his team asked 30 people, either bilingual or monolingual (只懂一种语言的人) , to have a series of tests. They found that bilingual people were not only able to switch tasks faster they had different brain activity than their monolingual peers.
Kristina called bilingualism "a beautiful natural experiment”, because people grow up speaking two languages, and studies have shown that they get certain cognitive benefits from switching between languages and determining which to respond with based on what's going on around them.
Gold said he grew up in Montreal, where he spoke French at school and English at home, prompting relatives to question whether his French language immersion would somehow hinder his ability to learn English.
"Until very recently, learning a second language in childhood was thought of as dangerous," he said. "Actually, it's beneficial."
1. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. Speaking two languages is important.
B. Bilingual people respond slowly.
C. Bilingual people can slow down the speed or aging on the brain and respond fast.
D. Bilingual people are great.
2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. Older bilinguals can’t respond faster in mind.
B. Older adults speaking a second language daily since they were at least 10 years old can respond faster than those who don't.
C. Young bilinguals can respond faster in mind than those monolinguals.
D. Bilingual children respond slower in mind than those monolinguals.
3. Kristina called bilingualism "a beautiful natural experiment" because ________.
A. people grow up, benefiting from speaking two languages
B. people speaking two languages are natural
C. people speaking two languages are beautiful
D. people speaking two languages like the experiment
4. We can learn from the last paragraph that learning a second language in childhood is ________.
A. dangerous to children B. not beneficial to children
C. dangerous but beneficial to children D. not dangerous but beneficial to children
【Keys】1-4 CBAD
(F)
Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the opposite. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this, or because they are not willing to do the work, that most people do not listen well.
Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule known as ‘bracketing’. Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside, stepping into his or her shoes. Moreover, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.
Most of the time we lack this energy. Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening selectively. Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far more interested in talking than in listening, or we simply refuse to listen to what we don’t want to hear.
It wasn’t until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic (有疗效的) In about a quarter of the patients I saw, surprising improvement was shown during the first few months of psychotherapy (心理疗法), before any of the roots of problems had been uncovered or explained. There are several reasons for this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient’s sense that he or she was being truly listened to, often for the first time in years, and for some, perhaps for the first time ever.
1. The phrase “stepping into his or her shoes” in paragraph 2 probably means _______.
A. preparing a topic list first B. focusing on one’s own mind
C. directing the talk to the desired results D. experiencing the speaker’s inside world
2. What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2
A. How to listen well. B. What to listen to.
C. Benefits of listening. D. Problems in listening
3. According to the author , in communication people tend to ________.
A. listen actively B. listen purposefully
C. set aside their prejudices D. open up their inner mind
4. According to the author , the patients improved mainly because _______.
A. they were taken good care of. B. they knew they were truly listened to.
C. they had partners to talk to. D. they knew the roots of problems.
5. What type of writing the article likely to be
A. Science fiction B. A news report. C. A medical report. D. Popular science
【Keys】1-5 BADDB