高考英语专项讲解 （定语从句讲义+练习第9-10讲）
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| 名称 | 高考英语专项讲解 （定语从句讲义+练习第9-10讲） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-03-08 17:40:41 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
定语从句
第9讲 定语从句与易混句型
考点精讲精练
考点1.定语从句与同位语从句(参看P139第8讲)
考点2.定语从句与独立主格结构(参看P121考点3)
考点3.定语从句与强调句型(参看P185考点3)
考点4.定语从句与地点状语从句
1.Rice doesn't grow well__________there is not enough water.
A.where B.in which
有的同学认为两个答案都对，解释说 where 可以换为in which。而正确答案只能是A，因为在这里where 引导的是地点状语从句而不是定语从句。
在定语从句中关系副词 where 可以换为“介词+关系代词”，而在状语从句中则不能这样换。
辨别方法:定语从句有先行词而状语从句没有先行词。试比较:
2. I still remember the farm_________ my parents worked ten years ago.
A.where B.on which
本题A，B两个答案都行，因为本句where 引导的是定语从句，先行词是the farm.
1.Go and get your coat. It's__you left it.
A. there B.where C. there where D. where there
2.When you read the book, you'd better make a mark____ you have any questions.
A. at which B. at where C.the place D.where
3.-Mom, what did your doctor say
----He advised me to live_______the air is fresher.
A.in where B.in which C. the place where D.where
4.If you are traveling____the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.
A.in which B.what C.when D.where
Key:1.B 2.D 3.D 4.D
考点5.定语从句与并列句
例:A.them B. they C.whom
1 He has three daughters, none of ______is an engineer.
1 He has three daughters, but none of_______is a dancer.
③ He has three daughters; __________are doctors.
并列句有像and，but、so等并列连词或分号连接这时就不必再用关系词了;而定语从句中，关系词起着连接作用，不必要再用and，but.so 等连词。(参看“两个主谓结构时”P.10考点5)答案: ① C ②A ③B
5.The children,__________had played the whole day long, were worn out.
A. all of what B. all of which C.all of them D.all of whom
6. I have five friends,but none of_________are businessmen
A.that B.whom C. they D.them
7.I have five friends.__________are businessmen.
A. that B.who C.they D.them
8.Maria has written two novels. both of_________ have been made into television series.
A. them B.that C.which D.what
9.The young mother saw her baby fall to the ground,_____brought her heart to her mouth.
A.it B.and that C.and which D.that
10.They believed that the spirits are with the body of the dead person for three days;_____there is always someone to stay with the dead person.
A. during this time B.during which time C.during which D.during when
KEY:5.D 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.A
综合应用能力提升
单句改错
1.An accident happened there where we had met yesterday.
2. He has many friends, most of them don't work hard.
KEY:1.there----/ 2.them---whom
语法填空(每空至多填三词)
3. The house stood ___________ there had been a rock.
4. I have visited a lot of places, but none of _________ can match your city.
Key: 3.where 4.them
第9讲 定语从句的其他常见考点
考点精讲精练
考点1.分隔定语从句
定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离，如:
He was the only person in this country who was invited.
定语从句与先行词 the only person 被 in this country 分隔
1.You'll find taxis waiting at the bus station_________you can hire to reach your host family.
A.which B.where C.when D.as
2.The days are gone____physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
A.when B.that C.where D.which
3.After the flooding,people were suffering in that area,______urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.
A. which B.who C.where D.what
Key:1.A 2.A 3.B
考点2.one of, the one of, the only one of
例题:选用is，are填空
① Tom is one of the students who _________good at playing football.
② Tom is the only/very one of the students who _________good at playing football.
③ Tom is the one of the students who_____ good at playing football.
在①中，定语从句的先行词是the students，这些学生都擅长踢足球，而Tom是他们中的一个，因此who代指的是the students,因此填are.
在②中，Tom就是那些学生中唯一擅长踢足球的那一个。擅长踢足球的只有一人，因此，who代指一个人，后面填is。此时，先行词是the one。此时，the one有两个定语，of the students和后面的定语从句。
第③句同第②句差不多。擅长踢足球的还是只有一人，因此，先行词是the one，要填is.
因此，我们可以发现这样的规律:
one of后跟名词复数时，后面定语从句的先行词是of后面的名词复数，从句谓语用复数
the one of/ the only one of后跟名词复数时，定语从句的先行词是the one/the only one，从句谓语用单数。
4.She is one of the few girls who___in the kindergarten.
A.is well paid B.are well paid C. is paying well D.are paying well
5.It is one of the best books__________.
A. that have ever been written B. that has ever been written
C. which have been written D.which has been written
6. Jack was one of my classmates who_______invited to attend the contest.
A. had B.have C.was D. were
7.This is the very one of the most interesting films_____shown last week.
A. which was B.that was C. which were D. that were
8.Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the woman who______ evening dress.
A. wear B.wears C.has won D.have won
KEY: 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.B
考点3.is this school the one 与 is this the school
看下面两题:
①Is this school______we visited three years ago
A.the one B.which C.that D.where
② Is this the school_____we visited three years ago
A.the one B.where C. in which D./
要简化难题，可把疑问句恢复成陈述句。在第一句中、恢复陈述句，is要放到school的后面。如果放到 this的后面的话，就构成了this is school，而school作为可数名词单数是不能单独使用的，前面要用冠词或场主代词或指示代词。(参看P.28考点2) 答案:AD
9. Is this factory______some foreign friends visited last Friday
A. that B.where C.which D.the one
10.Is this the factory ________ he worked ten years ago
A.that B,where C.which D.how
KEY:9.D 10.B
考点4.关系词的省略(仅供了解)
A.关系代词作宾语时的省略
当关系代词在非限制性定语从句中用作动词宾语或介词宾语，且关系代词不直接位于介词后面时，可省略.
Is there anything (that) you want 想要什么东西吗
Who is the man(that,who, whom) you were talking to 刚才和你讲话的人是谁
但是，如果是直接用于介词后作宾语或位于非限制性定语从句中，则不可省略。如:
This is the room in which l live.这是我住的那间房间。
He met Mary at the party, whom he married a week later.
B.关系代词在从句中作表语或there be结构中作实义主语
用关系代词 that,that可指人或物，且常省略，如:
The old man is not the man (that) he was.这个老人已不是以前那个样子了。
The wisdom she gave me has helped shape the person l am today.
她给我的智慧把我塑造成现在的样子
This is the fastest computer (that) there has ever been.
这是有史以来运算最快的计算机。
C.关系副词when的省略
用作时间状语的关系副词when通常不能省略，但若用于 day.year, time,the moment等少数几个词后时可以去略(也可换成 that)。如:
That was the year (that)I first went abroad就是那一年我第一次出国了。
I'll never forget the day (that) we met.我永远也忘不了我们见面的那一天。
Do you still remember the day (when) we first met!称还记得我们第一次见面的那一天吗
D关系副词 where 的省略
用作地点状语的关系副词where通常不能省略，但若用于 place, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere 等几个词后时可以省略(也可换成that).如:
This is the place (where) we met for the first time. 这是我们第一次见面的地方。
Do you have anywhere (that) 1 can lie down for an hour
你有没有一个什么地方可以让我躺一个小时
E.关系副词 why的省略
关系副词 why通常只用于the reason 后引导定语从句，且通常可换成that或for which，均可省略、如: That's the reason (why, for which, that) he came.这就是他来的原因。
Give me one reason (why)we should help you. 给我举出一个我们应当帮助你的理由。
综合应用能力提升
单句改错
1. He was the only one of the candidates who were able to carry out his promises.
1. Is this school which he once studied
KEY:1.were--was 2.which---where
语法填空(每空至多填三词)
3.He's the only student in the class that ______ been selected to take part in the Model United Nations conference.
4.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China._______he remembers starting as early as his childhood.
Key:3.has 4.which
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定语从句
第9讲 定语从句与易混句型
考点精讲精练
考点1.定语从句与同位语从句(参看P139第8讲)
考点2.定语从句与独立主格结构(参看P121考点3)
考点3.定语从句与强调句型(参看P185考点3)
考点4.定语从句与地点状语从句
1.Rice doesn't grow well__________there is not enough water.
A.where B.in which
有的同学认为两个答案都对，解释说 where 可以换为in which。而正确答案只能是A，因为在这里where 引导的是地点状语从句而不是定语从句。
在定语从句中关系副词 where 可以换为“介词+关系代词”，而在状语从句中则不能这样换。
辨别方法:定语从句有先行词而状语从句没有先行词。试比较:
2. I still remember the farm_________ my parents worked ten years ago.
A.where B.on which
本题A，B两个答案都行，因为本句where 引导的是定语从句，先行词是the farm.
1.Go and get your coat. It's__you left it.
A. there B.where C. there where D. where there
2.When you read the book, you'd better make a mark____ you have any questions.
A. at which B. at where C.the place D.where
3.-Mom, what did your doctor say
----He advised me to live_______the air is fresher.
A.in where B.in which C. the place where D.where
4.If you are traveling____the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.
A.in which B.what C.when D.where
Key:1.B 2.D 3.D 4.D
考点5.定语从句与并列句
例:A.them B. they C.whom
1 He has three daughters, none of ______is an engineer.
1 He has three daughters, but none of_______is a dancer.
③ He has three daughters; __________are doctors.
并列句有像and，but、so等并列连词或分号连接这时就不必再用关系词了;而定语从句中，关系词起着连接作用，不必要再用and，but.so 等连词。(参看“两个主谓结构时”P.10考点5)答案: ① C ②A ③B
5.The children,__________had played the whole day long, were worn out.
A. all of what B. all of which C.all of them D.all of whom
6. I have five friends,but none of_________are businessmen
A.that B.whom C. they D.them
7.I have five friends.__________are businessmen.
A. that B.who C.they D.them
8.Maria has written two novels. both of_________ have been made into television series.
A. them B.that C.which D.what
9.The young mother saw her baby fall to the ground,_____brought her heart to her mouth.
A.it B.and that C.and which D.that
10.They believed that the spirits are with the body of the dead person for three days;_____there is always someone to stay with the dead person.
A. during this time B.during which time C.during which D.during when
KEY:5.D 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.A
综合应用能力提升
单句改错
1.An accident happened there where we had met yesterday.
2. He has many friends, most of them don't work hard.
KEY:1.there----/ 2.them---whom
语法填空(每空至多填三词)
3. The house stood ___________ there had been a rock.
4. I have visited a lot of places, but none of _________ can match your city.
Key: 3.where 4.them
第9讲 定语从句的其他常见考点
考点精讲精练
考点1.分隔定语从句
定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离，如:
He was the only person in this country who was invited.
定语从句与先行词 the only person 被 in this country 分隔
1.You'll find taxis waiting at the bus station_________you can hire to reach your host family.
A.which B.where C.when D.as
2.The days are gone____physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
A.when B.that C.where D.which
3.After the flooding,people were suffering in that area,______urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.
A. which B.who C.where D.what
Key:1.A 2.A 3.B
考点2.one of, the one of, the only one of
例题:选用is，are填空
① Tom is one of the students who _________good at playing football.
② Tom is the only/very one of the students who _________good at playing football.
③ Tom is the one of the students who_____ good at playing football.
在①中，定语从句的先行词是the students，这些学生都擅长踢足球，而Tom是他们中的一个，因此who代指的是the students,因此填are.
在②中，Tom就是那些学生中唯一擅长踢足球的那一个。擅长踢足球的只有一人，因此，who代指一个人，后面填is。此时，先行词是the one。此时，the one有两个定语，of the students和后面的定语从句。
第③句同第②句差不多。擅长踢足球的还是只有一人，因此，先行词是the one，要填is.
因此，我们可以发现这样的规律:
one of后跟名词复数时，后面定语从句的先行词是of后面的名词复数，从句谓语用复数
the one of/ the only one of后跟名词复数时，定语从句的先行词是the one/the only one，从句谓语用单数。
4.She is one of the few girls who___in the kindergarten.
A.is well paid B.are well paid C. is paying well D.are paying well
5.It is one of the best books__________.
A. that have ever been written B. that has ever been written
C. which have been written D.which has been written
6. Jack was one of my classmates who_______invited to attend the contest.
A. had B.have C.was D. were
7.This is the very one of the most interesting films_____shown last week.
A. which was B.that was C. which were D. that were
8.Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the woman who______ evening dress.
A. wear B.wears C.has won D.have won
KEY: 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.B
考点3.is this school the one 与 is this the school
看下面两题:
①Is this school______we visited three years ago
A.the one B.which C.that D.where
② Is this the school_____we visited three years ago
A.the one B.where C. in which D./
要简化难题，可把疑问句恢复成陈述句。在第一句中、恢复陈述句，is要放到school的后面。如果放到 this的后面的话，就构成了this is school，而school作为可数名词单数是不能单独使用的，前面要用冠词或场主代词或指示代词。(参看P.28考点2) 答案:AD
9. Is this factory______some foreign friends visited last Friday
A. that B.where C.which D.the one
10.Is this the factory ________ he worked ten years ago
A.that B,where C.which D.how
KEY:9.D 10.B
考点4.关系词的省略(仅供了解)
A.关系代词作宾语时的省略
当关系代词在非限制性定语从句中用作动词宾语或介词宾语，且关系代词不直接位于介词后面时，可省略.
Is there anything (that) you want 想要什么东西吗
Who is the man(that,who, whom) you were talking to 刚才和你讲话的人是谁
但是，如果是直接用于介词后作宾语或位于非限制性定语从句中，则不可省略。如:
This is the room in which l live.这是我住的那间房间。
He met Mary at the party, whom he married a week later.
B.关系代词在从句中作表语或there be结构中作实义主语
用关系代词 that,that可指人或物，且常省略，如:
The old man is not the man (that) he was.这个老人已不是以前那个样子了。
The wisdom she gave me has helped shape the person l am today.
她给我的智慧把我塑造成现在的样子
This is the fastest computer (that) there has ever been.
这是有史以来运算最快的计算机。
C.关系副词when的省略
用作时间状语的关系副词when通常不能省略，但若用于 day.year, time,the moment等少数几个词后时可以去略(也可换成 that)。如:
That was the year (that)I first went abroad就是那一年我第一次出国了。
I'll never forget the day (that) we met.我永远也忘不了我们见面的那一天。
Do you still remember the day (when) we first met!称还记得我们第一次见面的那一天吗
D关系副词 where 的省略
用作地点状语的关系副词where通常不能省略，但若用于 place, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere 等几个词后时可以省略(也可换成that).如:
This is the place (where) we met for the first time. 这是我们第一次见面的地方。
Do you have anywhere (that) 1 can lie down for an hour
你有没有一个什么地方可以让我躺一个小时
E.关系副词 why的省略
关系副词 why通常只用于the reason 后引导定语从句，且通常可换成that或for which，均可省略、如: That's the reason (why, for which, that) he came.这就是他来的原因。
Give me one reason (why)we should help you. 给我举出一个我们应当帮助你的理由。
综合应用能力提升
单句改错
1. He was the only one of the candidates who were able to carry out his promises.
1. Is this school which he once studied
KEY:1.were--was 2.which---where
语法填空(每空至多填三词)
3.He's the only student in the class that ______ been selected to take part in the Model United Nations conference.
4.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China._______he remembers starting as early as his childhood.
Key:3.has 4.which
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