2022年英语中考语法复习阅读与表达-主旨大意题专练（word版，含答案）

阅读与表达—主旨大意题
【2020年门头沟二模】
阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。(共10分,每小题2分)
Canada is the second-largest country in the world, with almost 10 million square kilometres of landmass. Due to(由于) its size, it is divided into four different regions(地区).
The Atlantic Provinces
Fishing is the old industry in this region. Agricultural crops, such as fruit and potatoes, and forests, which produce paper and lumber(木材), form part of the industry. Traditionally depending on fishing and farming, they are developing other natural resources, such as oil and copper.
Central Canada
Ontario and Quebec form the industrial and manufacturing(制造业的) heart of Canada. They produce three quarters of Canada’s goods. More than half of Canada’s population lives in the cities in the southern part of Ontario and Quebec. Most of the people living in Quebec speak French.
The West Coast
The British Columbia Coast is Canada’s western continental coastline(海岸线). Europeans settled(定居) in British Columbia in the early 1800s. The railroad built by the government in the late 1800s made moving much easier. Thousands of Chinese came to British Columbia during this period to work on the railroad. British Columbia has the most valuable forest industry in Canada. Salmon(鲑鱼) fishing is not only a popular sport, but also an important part of the industry. Pacific salmon are exported(出口) all over the world.
The North
The Yukon and the Northwest Territories(领土) cover a third of Canada. This huge region has a very small population. Most of the people are natives. There are several native languages, which are equal(平等的) in status(地位) to English and French. During the Gold Rush at the end of the 1800s, thousands of miners(矿工) came to make their fortune(财富). Mining is still an important industry in this region.
33. What’s the old industry in the Atlantic Provinces
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What language do most of the people living in Quebec speak
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Why did thousands of Chinese go to British Columbia in the late 1800s
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What is still an important industry in the North region
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38. What is the passage mainly about
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【2020海淀一模】
阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。(共10分,每小题2分)
Studies have shown that when students join in team sports, their overall educational experience is greatly improved. In fact, no matter they are good at sports or not, there are still benefits to be got from playing team sports! Here are four lessons team sports can teach students.
Have a Bigger Picture
At some point in life, everyone goes through challenges. People may think that the choices they make only affect themselves, but as it turns out, that simply isn’t true! Team sports teach students about friendship and a sense of belonging to something bigger than themselves. When they play sports on a team, they quickly learn that every choice they make has an influence on their teammates and their opponents (对手)!
Be Decisive
Making choices can often be difficult for many people since they often over-complicate (过度复杂化) very simple decisions. Playing team sports gets students to reason and come to a decision faster than they might in their day-to-day life. And then, making quick decisions can help students develop a sense of self-confidence.
Never Give Up
It’s always exciting to win in life, but sometimes the greater lessons come from losses in team sports games. To deal with those losses, students should accept them peacefully, move on and try again! Team sports teach students that great comebacks do happen and a loss is never final if they refuse to give up!
Put Others First
Perhaps the most important lesson that team sports can teach students is how to put others first in difficult situations. Sometimes, they may have to be ready for being second-best for the greater good, because there is often more at play than they can see at first. Sometimes the most pleasing choice students can make is the one to help others even when it is inconvenient. Learning self-sacrifice (自我奉献) is a lesson that students will certainly carry throughout the course of their life!
Students don’t have to be athletic to succeed at sports, and there are countless benefits of team sports for them.
34. Do students need to be good at sports in order to benefit from team sports
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35. Why do many people find it difficult to make choices
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36. How should students deal with losses in team sports games
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37. What is probably the most important lesson students can learn from team sports
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38. What’s the main idea of this passage
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【2020年通州一模】
阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。(共10分,每小题2分)
Germs are very small living things. They are so small that we cannot see them unless we use a microscope. They are found in all kinds of places, all over the world. There are four main types of germs that they can invade(侵入) plants, animals, and people, and sometimes they can make us sick.
Bacteria(细菌) live just about everywhere on earth. Not all bacteria are bad. Some of them are good for our bodies. They help us microscope keep things in balance. Good bacteria live in our bodies and help us use the nutrients in the food we eat and make waste from what's left over. We couldn't make the most of a healthy meal without these important helper germs! On the other hand, there are, several types of bad bacteria, including those that cause sore throats.
Viruses(病毒)need a host to keep living. They need to beside a place of a living plant or animal. including humans, or even inside a bacterium! Whatever a virus lives in is called its host. Once a virus finds the perfect host, the goal is to reproduce and spread. Viruses are pretty tricky because they can change quickly to fit a new environment. When viruses get inside people’s bodies, they can spread and make people sick.
Fungi(真菌)are kind of like plants. Unlike other plants, fungi cannot make their own food from soil. water, and air. Fungi love warm and wet places. Most fungi are harmless. The kind that can grow on your skin can be treated. It probably won't hurt you, but it is really make you uncomfortable!
Protozoa(原生动物) are extremely small. Most of them live in water. Some protozoa actually eat bacteria and they are good because they also eat the waste of other small living things. Some protozoa are bad, and they live off of other living things, sometimes humans. For example, if a person drinks unclean water, protozoa may cause health problems.
34.Are germs small
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35. How many germs are mentioned in the passage
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36.Why can viruses change quickly
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37. Where do fungi love to stay
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38. What does the passage mainly talk about
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【2019年昌平二模】
阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。(共10分,每小题2分)
Englishmen are well known for the amount of tea that they drink. The average person in the UK drinks around 1.9 kg of tea every year. That’s around 876 cups of tea. Tea is drunk by the whole society. But tea is not native (本土的) to Britain. Most tea is grown in India and China. So, how did it become an important part of British culture
Tea arrived in London in the 1600s. At this time, British ships were exploring the world and came across the drink in China. It was not long before green tea could be bought. However, this could be only bought by the richer people in the UK.
At the beginning of the 1700s, the amount of tea arriving in Britain increased gradually. Black tea arrived at this time. At first people drank this tea exactly as it was in China. They soon discovered that tea tasted good with a little milk and sugar in it. That’s just the special British characteristic (特征) about it.
In the 1800s, tea was still a product enjoyed only by people with money. At this time they began to have “afternoon tea”. This means drinking tea with snacks (零食) around 4 pm. Because it can help people to avoid feeling hungry between lunch and dinner. It is a tradition that is still going today but has become less popular in recent times.
In the late 1800s, the price of tea went down sharply as more tea began to arrive on ships from India and China. It was no longer a drink just for rich people and everyone could enjoy it. Tearooms — shops where you could buy and drink tea — started to appear across the country. People enjoyed drinking tea and socializing (社交) in these places. At the start of the 20th century, Englishmen began to make tea in their homes whenever they felt like it. Teapots became necessary in every kitchen.
34. Is tea native to Britain
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35. What is the British characteristic of tea
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36. What does “afternoon tea” mean
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37. When could everyone in Britain enjoy tea
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38. What is the passage mainly about
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【2019年朝阳二模】
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分）
Small talk
Americans often have short conversations, called small talk, about unimportant things with strangers or people they know but not very well. They may have small talk at parties, while waiting in line at the store, at family events or work. It’s a way to say hi and express friendliness.
Small talk is very useful. It can avoid uncomfortable silences and build stronger relationship. For example, when you first meet someone or talk to someone you don’t know well, you can break the ice by making small talk. Small talk with a colleague (同事) about his child may help you to understand more of his life outside the office.
In 2013, researchers from the University of Essex asked some people to make small talk in a study. They found small talk can make people happier. People who talk briefly (短暂地) with a waiter in a coffee shop felt happier than those who simply went in, ordered and left.
However, some people are not good at small talk. Here are some tips to improve your small-talking ability.
Firstly, find common ground. When you have something similar with your speaking partner, that means you have something to talk about.
Secondly, ask open-ended questions. They are suitable (合适的) for small talk. For example, if you ask visitors whether they like your city, they may simply say “Yes.” But if you ask “What do you think of our city,” they will have more freedom in how they answer.
Thirdly, become a student. Nobody knows everything. So, as someone is answering one of your open-ended questions, they bring up something about which you know nothing. So, tell them! This lets the other person become the teacher. They feel good about sharing their knowledge and you get to learn something. It’s a win-win situation.
Finally, practice makes perfect. Like anything, getting good at making small talk takes practice.
If you make small talk in your native language, you might become happier. If you are making small talk using English, you will most surely improve your speaking and listening skills.
34. Do Americans often have small talk
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35. Why is small talk useful
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36. What did some researchers from the University of Essex find in 2013
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37. What kind of questions are suitable for small talk
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38. What does the writer tell us about small talk in the passage
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答案:
【2020年门头沟二模】
34. Fishing.
35. French.
36. To work on the railroad.
37. Mining.
38. The Four Regions of Canada.
【2020海淀一模】
34. No.
35. Because they often over-complicate very simple decisions.
36. Students should accept them peacefully, move on and try again！
37. How to put others first in difficult situations.
38. Students don't have to be athletic to succeed at sports and there are countless benefits of team sports for them.
【2020年通州一模】
34. Yes. / Yes, they are.
35. 4. / Four.
36. To fit a new environment.
37. In warm and wet places.
38. The introduction of germs and four main types of germs. / What germs are and four main types of them.
【2019年昌平二模】
34. No.
35. (Tea) with a little milk and sugar.
36. This means drinking tea with snacks around 4 pm.
37. In the late 1800s. / When the price of tea went down sharply. / When more tea began to arrive on ships from India and China.
38. How tea becomes an important part of British Culture. / The history of tea in the UK.
【2019年朝阳二模】
34. Yes. / Yes, they do.
35. Because it can avoid uncomfortable silences and build stronger relationships.
36. They found small talk can make people happier.
37. Open-ended questions.
38. The meaning of small talk, the advantages of small talk and the tips to improve small-talking ability.