2021-2022学年度中考第一轮复习英语课件 15 简单句（二）(共31张PPT)

(共31张PPT)
九年级全一册
第16讲 Units 7-8
简单句（二）
初中英语
主谓一致
指句子的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
知识图解
They are from the USA.
三原则
1. 语法一致原则
指主语和谓语在语法形式上要保持一致，
即：主单谓单、主复谓复。
Three days is short for a person.
即：形复意单，谓单；形单意复，谓复。
Neither I nor he (know) anything about it.
第三人称单数
knows
3. 就近一致原则
谓语动词的数与离它最近的主语保持一致。
三形式
（1）不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数；
Something is wrong with my leg.
（2）集合名词作主语，如果做整体讲，谓语动词用单数，如果强调集体中的每个个体，谓语动词用复数；
My family is a big one.
My family were all watching TV at this time last night.
This pair of shoes is expensive.
（3）以复数形式结尾的特殊名词作主语，以-s结尾的表示学科的名词、由this pair of、a pair of等修饰的名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；
No news is good news.
Physics is more interesting than math.
Tom with her parents likes watching the match.
（4）含有修饰语的名词作主语，主语之后有as well as，with, but, except, besides等引导词(组)，谓语动词的单复数应与原主语的人称和数保持一致；
（5）“the+形容词”作主语，表一类人，谓语动词用复数；
The young all like playing computer games in the modern world.
（6）非谓语动词、句子及表示时间、金钱等的名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Reading is good for your pronunciation.
Two days is short for a healthy man.
What you said makes me very unhappy.
Lucy and Lily are good students.
Both Lucy and Lily are good students.
The writer and teacher is from China.
3. and 和both…and类
由它们连接的名词作主语，表示不同的人或物，谓复；表相同的人或物，谓单。
Each boy and each girl is happy to hear the good news.
each…and each…, every…and every…类，由它们连接的名词作主语，谓单。
Either the twins or Lucy is going there instead of me tomorrow.
not only…but also…, either…or…, neither…nor…和“there be句型”类, 由它们连接的名词、代词作主语, 谓语动词的形式遵循“就近原则”。
疑难辨析
The number of the students _______ 60, and a number of them _______ from countryside.
A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is
【辨析】the number of意为“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数；而a number of意为“许多”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
【答案】C
Neither you nor he ______ good at drawing.
A. are B. is C. be D.am
（绥化中考改编）
解析：考查主谓一致。句意：你和他都不擅长画画。neither...nor...连接并列的主语时，实行“就近一致”原则，即与最近的主语保持一致，根据he可知用单数is与其保持一致。
答案： B
She with her mother often_________ hills on Sundays.
A. climbs B. climb C. climbed D. to climb
（铜仁中考）
解析：考查单一主语的主谓一致。句意：她和她的妈妈经常在周日爬山。often是一般现在时的时间状语标志，应用一般现在时；主语是she，根据“就远原则”，谓语动词应用单数climbs。
答案： A
—Why are you still waiting here
—Doctor Yu promised to attend the party, but he _______________(not appear).
（常州中考）
解析：考查主谓一致的“语法一致”原则。句意：——你为什么还在这儿等？——于博士答应参加晚会，但是他还没出现。由上句“你为什么还在这儿等？”可知，“没有出现”这个动作对现在造成了影响，故用现在完成时；主语he是单数，故根据语法一致原则，助动词应用has。
答案： hasn’t appeared
hasn’t appeared
There is /are (was/were) /will be… +名词+ 状语.
“某地（将）有某物或某时（将）有某人。”
is /are (was/were) /will be
There be句型
There is a cat and two birds in front of the house.
There are two birds and a cat in front of the house.
is
are
be动词的数应与离它最近的一个主语保持一致。
“There be句型”结构
There is a girl dancing in the room.
There is
“There be句型”结构
There are many girls dancing in the hall.
There are
There is some water in the bottle.
There is
water
“There be句型”将来时
There will be a football match in our school tomorrow.
There is going to be a football match in our school tomorrow.
There will/is(are) going to be +名词+其他。
明天我们学校将有一场足球比赛。
“There be句型”句型转换
变一般疑问句，把will或is/are提到there前，其余按顺序抄下来。
Will there be a football match in our school tomorrow
There will be a football match in our school tomorrow.
肯定回答：Yes, there will.
否定回答：No, there won’t.
变否定句在will或is(are)后加not。
There won’t be a football match in our school tomorrow.
There will be a football match in our school tomorrow.
=
will not
我们学校有太多的规则。
__________________________________
（绥化中考）
解析：考查主谓一致的“就近一致”原则。there be句型表示“某地有某物”。“规则”是可数名词，故“太多的”用too many，后加名词的复数形式；“在我们学校里”用in our school表示。
答案： There are too many rules in our school.
There are too many rules in our school.
本课结束