(共24张PPT)
九年级全一册
第18讲 Units 12-14
状语从句
初中英语
状语从句
状语从句就是在复合句中用作状语修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词以及整个句子的从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。根据其作用可分为以下几种:
时间
地点
原因/让步
目的
结果/比较
条件
方式
时间状语从句
常用引导词有when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since, till, until等;特殊引导词有the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day, the instant, immediately, directly, no sooner… than, hardly…when, scarcely… when等。如:
He was reading when I came in. 当我进来的时候,他在读书。
地点状语从句
常用引导词有where;特殊引导词有wherever, anywhere, everywhere。如:
Wherever you go, I will go with you. 无论你去哪儿,我都跟着。
目的状语从句
常用引导词有so that, in order that;特殊引导词有lest, in case, for fear that, in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that。如:
I work hard so that I can go to college in the future.
我努力学习是为了将来能上大学。
He got up so early that he didn’t miss the first bus.
他早早起来,没有错过首班车。
结果状语从句
常用引导词有so… that, such … that;特殊引导词有such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that。如:
条件状语从句
常用引导词有if, unless;特殊引导词有as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition that。如:
I will go fishing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
如果明天不下雨,我就去钓鱼。
My friends dislike me because I’m quiet.
我的朋友们因为我很内向而不喜欢我。
原因状语从句
常用引导词有because, since, as, for;特殊引导词有seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that。如:
让步状语从句
常用引导词有though, although, even if, even though;特殊引导词有as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装), while ( 一般用在句首 ), no matter …, in spite of the fact that, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever。如:
Though he is only a child, he knows a lot.
虽然他只是个孩子,但是他懂得很多。
方式状语从句
常用引导词有as, as if, how;特殊引导词有the way。如:
When in Rome, do as the Roman do. 入乡随俗。
比较状语从句
常用引导词有as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较);特殊引导词有the more… the more… , just as…, so…, A is to B what /as X is to Y, no… more than, not A so much as B。如:
I am as tall as he. 我和他一样高。
疑难辨析
【点拨】考查while引导的时间状语从句。when和while都有“当……的时候”之意。但while只能表示某一段时间,不能表示某一点时间。在while引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语动词只能是延续性的,而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。且while引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态,而when引导的时间状语从句多用一般时态。
【答案】A
_______they were talking, the bell rang.
A. While B. When C. What time D. By
高频考点
—The pollution in the sea is terrible!
—I believe the sea will be cleaner we take action now.
A. though B. if C. unless D. until
【点拨】考查连词词义辨析。句意:海里的污染很糟糕!我相信海洋将会变得更加干净,如果我们现在采取行动。根据上句“我相信海洋将会变得更加干净”和下句“我们现在采取行动”可知,上下句是互为条件的。if意为“如果”,引导从句,表条件。
【答案】B
—What’s your opinion on friends
—They are like books. We don’t need a lot of them ____ they’re good.
A. as long as B. as soon as C. so that D. as if
(曲靖中考)
解析:考查引导条件状语从句的连接词。句意:—你对朋友的观点如何?—他们就像书一样。只要他们够好,我们就不需要很多。上句“我们就不需要很多”和下句“他们够好”是互为条件的。as long as 意为“只要”,引导条件状语从句。
答案: A
直到他露面我才离开。
______________________________
(铁岭中考)
解析:考查until引导的时间状语从句。 not...until...“直到……才……”引导时间状语从句,一般主句是将来时,从句是一般现在时;主句是过去时,从句是过去时;show up“露面;出现”,show的过去式是showed。
答案: I didn’t leave until he showed up.
I didn’t leave until he showed up.
_______ Wu Lan is still young, she can help her mother do some housework on weekends.
A. So B. Until C. Though D. Unless
(百色中考)
解析:考查引导让步状语从句的连接词。句意:虽然吴兰还很小,但是在周末她能帮助妈妈做家务。根据she can help her mother do some housework on weekends“在周末她能帮助妈妈做家务”和Wu Lan is still young“吴兰还很小”可知,此题考查though引导的让步状语从句。
答案: C
The doctor looks tired and sleepy he stayed up late to look after his patients yesterday.
A. because B. if C. unless D. until
(贵阳中考改编)
解析:考查引导原因状语从句的连接词。句意:这位医生看起来又困又累,他昨天因照顾病人而熬夜了。根据looks tired and sleepy “看起来又累又困”可猜测出,是由于昨天熬夜照顾病人了。because引导原因状语从句。
答案: A
—Harry Potter is ____ an interesting novel ____ I want to read it again.
— I agree with you.
A. so; that B. too; to C. such; that D. as; as
(咸宁中考)
解析:考查引导结果状语从句的连接词。句意:—《哈利波特》是一本如此有趣的小说,我想再看一遍。—我同意你的说法。I want to read it again“我想再看一遍”是个句子,故排除B和D;an interesting novel“一本有趣的小说”是名词短语,需用形容词修饰。so是副词。
答案: C
他闭上眼睛,仿佛很疲倦的样子。
He closed his eyes, ____________ he were very tired.
as if/ though
解析:考查引导方式状语从句的连接词。as if/ though“仿佛;好像”,在句中引导方式状语从句。
答案: as if/ though
We will go ___________(无论在哪儿)the motherland needs us most.
wherever
解析:考查地点状语从句的引导词。句意:我们要到祖国最需要的地方去。go是不及物动词,在句中作谓语,wherever是副词,引导the motherland needs us most这个句子,修饰go,作状语。
答案: wherever
—Many boy students think physics is________geography.
—I agree. I’ m weak in geography.
A. much difficult than B. as difficult as
C. less difficult than D. more difficult than
(呼和浩特中考)
解析:考查比较状语从句。句意:—许多男学生认为物理不如地理难。—我同意。我不擅长地理。根据I agree. I’ m weak in geography. “我同意。我不擅长地理。” 可推知,许多男学生认为物理不如地理难。 less…than “不如;不及”,than引导的比较状语从句。
答案: C
—What a mess! The sharing bikes are thrown everywhere.
—Let’s collect and put them in the right place _____ they can be used
conveniently.
A. unless B. so that C. because D. so long as
(东营中考)
解析:考查引导目的状语从句的连接词。句意:—太乱了!共享单车被扔的到处都是。—为了我们可以很便利地使用它们,让我们把它们整理一下放到合适的地方。由What a mess“太乱了” 可推知,把单车整理一下放到合适的地方是为了方便使用。so that“为了;以便于” 引导目的状语从句。
答案: B
本课结束