2022年中考英语二轮专题复习课件：专题五 形容词和副词（82张ppt）

(共82张PPT)
专题五 形容词和副词
● 基本知识：形容词主要是用来描述和修饰名词、代词等的一类词，在句中常置于被修饰词的前面作定语，连系动词后面作表语和宾语后作补足语等。
知识点1　形容词的基本用法
位置 例子 说明
形容词＋名词 be＋形容词 宾语＋形容词 It's a windy day today. He is happy today. He keeps his bedroom clean. 放在名词之前作定语
放在be，含look，sound，feel，smell等之后作表语
放在宾语之后作宾语补足语
● 基本知识：副词修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或句子，在句中主要作状语。
知识点2　副词的基本用法
位置 例子 说明
行为动词＋副词 副词＋形容词 副词＋副词 位置比较灵活 It's raining heavily outside. He is quite tall in his class. He runs very fast. Unluckily，he failed in this exam again. 修饰行为动词，放在行为动词之后
修饰形容词，放在形容词之前
修饰副词，放在副词之前
修饰整个句子，位置比较灵活
注：enough放在被修饰词后面。如：He is old enough to go to school.
中考链接
( )1.—Ma Yun as well as Ren Zhengfei 　　　　tons of attention wherever they go.
—Yeah, they are very successful. Struggle creates history and hard work makes a 　　　　future.
A.gets; brightly　 B.get; bright　
C.gets; bright　 D.get; brightly
C
( )2.It was 　　　　for us to solve the math problem. Few of us could even understand it.
A.easy enough　 B.enough easy　
C.difficult enough　 D.enough difficult
C
形容词变副词的规则
规则 例子
在形容词词尾直接加-ly slow→slowly, quick→quickly, clear→clearly
以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词,变y为i,再加-ly busy→busily, angry→angrily, easy→easily
以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-y或-ly terrible→terribly, true→truly
注：1.名词加 ly构成形容词。如：friend→friendly，love→lovely
2．有少数形容词与副词同形。如early，fast，hard，high，long
副词的分类：
1．时间副词。常见的有now，then，early，today，next，already，ever，soon，immediately，finally，yesterday等。
2．频度副词。常见的有always，usually，often，seldom，sometimes，never等。
3．地点副词。常见的有here，there，everywhere，anywhere，down，back，home，upstairs等。
4．方式副词。常见的有carefully，properly，suddenly，fast，well，proudly，softly，warmly等。
5．程度副词。常见的有much，little，very，rather，so，too，still，quite，enough，almost等。
6．疑问副词。常见的有how，when，where，why等。
7．连接副词。(见复合句中的宾语从句用法)。
知识点3　形容词、副词原级的用法
结构 例子 说明
A ＋ as ＋原级＋ as ＋ B Bill runs as fast as Jack. 表示前后二者情况一样
A ＋ not as/so ＋原级＋ as ＋ B Tom isn't as strong as Jack. 表示前者不如后者
中考链接
( )3.Roy thinks he works as 　　　　as his friend, Dan.
A.hardly　 B.harder　 C.hard　 D.more hardly
( )4.Don’t just believe the advertisement. That kind of camera is 　　　　it says.
A.as good as　 B.not as good as　
C.as well as　 D.not as well as
B
C
知识点4　形容词、副词比较级的用法
结构 例子 说明
A＋比较级＋ than ＋ B I am older than my little sister. 表示“比……更……”
比较级＋ and＋比较级 The days are getting longer and longer. 表示“越来越……”
the＋比较级，the＋比较级 The more you practice，the better you'll be. 表示“越……，越……”
Which/Who is＋比较级，A or B？ Which is bigger，the sun or the earth？ 表示 “哪个/谁更……”
比较级＋ than any other＋名词单数 比较级＋ than the other＋名词复数 She is taller than any other girl in her class. She runs faster than the other girls in her class. 比较级表达最高级意义
知识点5　形容词、副词最高级的用法
结构 例子 说明
the＋最高级＋ in/of 短语 He is the tallest student in his class. 用于三者或更多者中
one of the＋最高级＋名词复数 He is one of the tallest boys in our class. 表示“最……之一”
Which/Who is＋the＋最高级，A，B or C？ Who runs the fastest，Tom，Jack or Bill？ 用于三者或更多者中
序数词＋形容词最高级 He is the second tallest in his class. 表示“第几最……”
注：副词最高级前的the可以省略，而形容词最高级前的the不能省略。
形容词、副词比较级与最高级的构成
规则变化
用法 例子
单音节和少数双音节词 一般情况比较级加-er,最高级加-est high→higher→highest
不发音e结尾,比较级加-r,最高级加-st safe→safer→safest
重读闭音节结尾,双写辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est hot→hotter→hottest
辅音字母加-y结尾,将y变为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est easy→easier→easiest
多音节和部分双音节词 比较级在其前面加more,最高级加most useful→more useful →most useful
不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级 原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best little less least
bad/badly worse worst far farther/ further farthest/ furthest
many/much more most / / /
比较级的修饰语
修饰语 例子
much (……得多)，far (……得多)，even (甚至，更)，still (更)，a bit (有点)，a little (有点)，a lot (很) Tom is a little taller than Mike.
It is even colder today than yesterday.
中考链接
( )5.Of the two math problems, I can just work out_____　　　　one.
A.the less difficult　 B.more difficult　
C.the more difficult　 D.less difficult
( )6.Zhaozhou Bridge is one of 　　　　stone bridges in the world.
A.old　 B.older　 C.oldest　 D.the oldest
D
A
知识点6　形容词常见的搭配
常见搭配 例子
与about搭配 be anxious about 对……感到担心，be sorry about 对……感到抱歉，be careful about 对……小心，be sure about对……有把握，be worried about 对……担忧
与at搭配 be surprised at 对……感到惊讶，be angry at 对……生气，be good at 在……方面擅长
与for搭配 be famous for 由于……而著名，be well known for由于……而著名，be/get ready for 为……做好准备，be sorry for 为……感到抱歉，be good/bad for 对……有帮助/坏处
与in搭配 be interested in 对……感兴趣，be weak in 在……方面薄弱，be poor in 在……方面薄弱，be different in 在……方面不同
与of搭配 be afraid of 害怕……，be made of由……做成，be proud of 为……而自豪，be tired of 对……厌倦，be full of 充满……，be sure of 对……有把握
与to搭配 be good to 对……态度好，be kind to 对……和蔼，be filled with充满/ 装满……，be polite to 对……有礼貌，be bad to 对……态度不好，be useful to 对……有用
与with搭配 be angry with生某人的气，be careful with小心……，be busy with忙于……，be satisfied with对……感到满意，be pleased with 对……感到满意，be patient with 对……有耐心，be strict with 对某人要求严格
中考链接
( )7.—Mu Ping handed in more than 4 million yuan when she found the bank made a mistake and put it in her bank card.
—Well done! Her family must 　　　　her.
A.be worried about　 B.be strict with　
C.be friendly to　 D.be proud of
D
( )8.Some people are 　　　　power,wealth or fame, but all I want is only health and happiness.
A.responsible for　 B.known for　
C.thirsty for　 D.thankful to
C
知识点7　形容词的常用句型
常用句型 说明
It's＋形容词＋for＋sb.＋动词不定式 “做某事对某人来说……”，常用的形容词有difficult，easy，hard，dangerous，impossible等
It's＋形容词＋of＋sb.＋动词不定式 “某人(做某事)……”常用的形容词有good，kind，nice，polite，clever，silly，lazy，careful，careless等
主语＋be动词＋形容词＋不定式 常用glad，pleased，sorry，sad，thankful等表示感情或情绪的形容词
中考链接
( )9.It is 　　　　for me to follow the Australian guests because I am good at English.
A.bad　 B.easy　 C.hard　 D.right
( )10.—Don’t you think it’s 　　　　of some teenagers to be crazy about pop stars
—Well, I don’t think so. We were once young and had the similar experiences.
A.creative　 B.silly　 C.wise　 D.curious
B
B
知识点8　形容词、副词辨析
1．语境辨析
这类考题要求考生运用自己的生活经验和知识积累，根据上下文语境及含义，推测出考题要表达的意思，从而判断出正确的答案。
2．近义词辨析
对于具有相近含义的形容词之间的不同点，主要从语法角度区分。
(1)elder与older
①elder“年长的”，指兄弟姐妹的长幼关系，不能用于than引导的比较状语从句中。②older“年龄较大的，较老的，较旧的”，能用在than引导的比较状语从句中。
(2)good与well
①good形容词“好”，表示满意。②well副词，“好”，作形容词时，表示“健康的”。
(3)interested与interesting
①interested“感兴趣的”，其主语是人。②interesting“令人感兴趣的”，主语是物。
(4)alone与lonely
①alone 表达“单独的”，相当于by oneself。②lonely “孤独的，寂寞的”，含有较浓的情感色彩。
(5)high与tall
①high常用于大片隆起的物体。②tall指人的个子及细长之物。
(6)ago与before
①ago只能用于过去时。②before常用于现在完成时。
(7)too，also，either 与neither
①too位于肯定句句尾，逗号隔开。②also位于be动词和情态动词后，行为动词前。③either位于否定句句尾，用逗号隔开。④neither意为“二者中没有一个”，常用于neither…nor…结构。
(8)sometimes，sometime，some times与some time
①sometimes(有时)频度副词。②sometime(某时)表某个时候。③some times意为“几次”。④some time(一些时间)表一段时间。
(9)hard与hardly
①hard“努力地，刻苦地”。②hardly“几乎不”，表示否定。
(10)how often，how soon，how long与how far
①how often“多常，每隔多久”，用于提问频度。②how soon“多久(快)会发生什么事”。③how long“多久”，表示动作持续的长短。④how far“多远”，用于提问距离。
(11)most与almost
①most“大多数的，大部分的”，作副词时，意为“最”。②almost“几乎，将近”。
(12)asleep，sleepy与sleep
①asleep形容词，“睡着的”。②sleepy形容词，“瞌睡的，困的”。③sleep名词、动词，“睡觉”。
(13)awake与wake
①awake形容词，“醒着的”。②wake动词，“醒，醒来”。
(14)die，dead，death与dying
①die动词，“死”。②dead形容词，“死的”。③death名词，“死”。④dying形容词，“将死的”。
(15)too much，too many与much too
①too much＋不可数名词，表示“太多”。②too many＋可数名词复数，表示“太多”。③much too＋形容词/副词原级，表示“非常，及其，太……”。
3．即时训练
练习1：选择elder与older，并用其正确形式填空
①My ________ brother is 7 years ________ than me.
②Jordan has two __________ brothers and a younger sister.
练习2：选择good与well，并用其正确形式填空
①Doing sports is ________ for us.
②I am very_______ .
elder
older
elder
good
well
练习3：选择interested与interesting，并用其正确形式填空
①This is an ____________ film.
②I am _____________ in the story.
练习4：选择alone与lonely，并用其正确形式填空
①We're together，so we never feel_________ .
②I’m ________ but I don't feel _________ .
interesting
interested
lonely
alone
lonely
练习5：选择high，与tall，并用其正确形式填空
①The girl is growing_________ .
②The London Eye is very________ .
练习6：选择ago与before，并用其正确形式填空
①Have you been there _______
②He had an accident a week __________ .
taller
high
before
ago
练习7：选择too, also, either 与neither，并用其正确形式填空
①He is not happy and I am not happy，________ .
②You can _______ find the market is very good.
③He can speak _________ English nor French.
④Are you American，_______
either
also
neither
too
练习8：选择sometimes, sometime, some times与some time，并用其正确形式填空
①I will stay here__________ .
②____________ they go hiking in the mountains.
③I have been to New York____________ .
④I will meet your father ___________ next week.
some time
Sometimes
some times
sometime
练习9：选择hard与hardly，并用其正确形式填空
①I could _________ hear what the teacher said.
②They study English very_________ .
hardly
hard
练习10：选择how often, how soon, how long与how far，并用其正确形式填空
①—____________ have you learned English？　—Five years.
②___________ is the museum from your school
③—___________ will he be back？　—In two weeks.
④—__________ does he visit his parents？　—Twice a week.
How long
How far
How soon
How often
练习11：选择most与almost，并用其正确形式填空
①He does _________ nothing every day.
②________ children are naughty.
练习12：选择asleep, sleepy与sleep，并用其正确形式填空
①I have to ________ by 10 at night.
②He was so _________ that he fell _________ early tonight.
almost
Most
sleep
sleepy
asleep
练习13：选择awake与wake，并用其正确形式填空
①Please ________ me up at 6 so I can start early.
②He is _______ now. Let him answer the phone.
练习14：选择die, dead, death与dying，并用其正确形式填空
①His dog _______ and its _______ made him sad.
②Her grandma has been _________ for ten years.
③The cat is_________ . Let's try to save it.
wake
awake
died
death
dead
dying
练习15：选择too much, too many与much too，并用其正确形式填空
①There is ___________ rain in Guangdong this year.
②The little boy was __________ tired after hard work.
③__________ people died during the war.
too much
much too
Too many
一、实战演练
( )1.—The picture is, I have to say, not a bit beautiful.
—Why It’s 　　　　than the pictures I have ever seen.
A.far more beautiful
B.much less beautiful
C.no more beautiful
D.any less beautiful
A
( )2.—It’s smoggy these days. That’s terrible!
—Yes, I hope to plant trees. 　　　　 trees, 　　　　 air pollution.
A.The less; the more B.The fewer; the more
C.The more; the fewer D.The less; the fewer
B
( )3.Shu-how Lin is now one of 　　　　basketball players in NBA.
A.popular B.less popular
C.more popular D.the most popular
D
( )4.—Which do young people prefer, music or sports
—Both. Music is 　　　　sports.
A.as popular as
B.not as popular as
C.more popular than
D.less popular than
A
( )5.—Why are you looking 　　　　in class all day
—Because I can’t finish my homework until eleven every night.
A.awake B.asleep C.sleepy D.sleeping
( )6.Carl felt 　　　　because he won the first prize in the school singing competition.
A.interested B.proud C.angry D.worried
B
C
( )7.—What do you think of her teaching English
—Great! No one teaches 　　　　in our school.
A.good B.worse C.better D.best
( )8.We don’t want to speak badly or 　　　　in front of the class.
A.clearly B.carefully C.carelessly D.properly
C
C
( )9.She lived 　　　　in a small village, but she didn’t feel 　　　　.
A.alone; lonely B.lonely; lonely
C.lonely; alone D.alone; alone
( )10.—　　　　will the invitations be sent to our guests
—In three days.
A.How often B.How soon C.How long D.How far
B
A
二、能力提升
Task 1语法选择(形容词和副词专练)
A
Do you know any 9 -year- olds who have started their own museums When Theodore Roosevelt was 　1　 nine，he opened the “Roosevelt Museum of Natural History”．The museum was in Theodore's bedroom.Young Roosevelt was
2　proud in his small museum.
Born in New York in 1858. Theodore Roosevelt was not always 　3　. “I was a sickly boy，”he once wrote. Roosevelt had a health condition called asthma (哮喘). He often found it
4　 to breathe. Instead of playing，he watched nature and then read and wrote about it.
Roosevelt's interest in nature 　5　 got him into trouble.
Once，his mother found several 　6　 mice in the icebox.She wanted to throw the mice out.This was indeed a loss to science!
Because Roosevelt was often sickly as a boy，his body was 7　 than most boys of his age. When he was about 12，his father asked him to improve his body. Roosevelt began working out in a gym. He didn't become 8　. But he did decide to face life's challenges with a strong will. As an adult，he was an 　9　 and healthy person.
At the age of 42，Roosevelt became the 26th President. He was the 　10　 leader the country had ever had.
( )1.A.only　 B.already　C.still　 D.also
( )2.A.great　 B.greater　C.greatly　 D.more greatly
( )3.A.health　 B.healthy　C.healthily D.healthier
( )4.A.hard　 B.harder　C.hardly　 D.more hardly
( )5.A.sometime　 B.some time　
C.some times　 D.sometimes
D
A
B
C
A
( )6.A.die　 B.dead　 C.dying　 D.death
( )7.A.stronger　 B.taller　 C.fatter　 D.smaller
( )8.A.enough strong　 B.enough strongly　
C.strong enough　 D.strongly enough
( )9.A.active　 B.actively　 C.act　 D.activity
( )10.A.young　 B.younger　 C.youngest　 D.youth
C
A
C
D
B
B
Zhu Li was a well behaved girl. She seldom argued with her parents. But when she became a ninth grader，things started to change. “We often have arguments，sometimes over 11　 things，” she said.
She might be suffering from “ninth grade syndrome (综合征)”，also known as puberty (青春期)．Education experts think ninth grade is a 　12　 period for teenagers.They go through 13　 physical and psychological (心理的)changes.
A survey also shows that the lack of support from parents makes the situation even 　14　. At the same time，as ninth graders enter puberty，they want to be more 　15　. The survey shows that about 47 percent of ninth graders are likely
to try to persuade their parents when they have different opinions. Zhu felt this 　16　. “I thought I was an adult 　17　. I can make decisions by myself,” she said. For example，she thinks there is nothing wrong with hanging out with boys. But her parents don't allow it.They 　18　 argue about this.
To deal with these problems，a psychological expert has given tips to students. “First，talk with your parents. 　19　，they may not fully understand you，but keep trying. Second，calm 　20　 and focus on your studies. Finally，learn about these changes and get to know yourself through reading and other things. Then try to accept it and control your emotions (情绪)，” she said.
( )11.A.unfair　 B.difficult　
C.unimportant　 D.impossible
( )12.A.specially　B.special　C.more special　D.especial
( )13.A.difficult　 B.more difficult　
C.difficulty　 D.the most difficult
( )14.A.worse　 B.bigger　 C.better　 D.smaller
( )15.A.special　 B.interesting　
C.stressful　 D.independent
D
A
A
B
C
( )16.A.deeply　 B.hardly　 C.nearly　D.wildly
( )17.A.either　 B.already　 C.yet　 D.too
( )18.A.never　 B.often　 C.always D.seldom
( )19.A.Sometime　 B.Some time　
C.Sometimes　 D.Some times
( )20.A.up　 B.out　 C.in　 D.down
D
C
B
B
A
Task 2形容词和副词与完形填空
A
My friend Alan did not have a rich family. Sometimes Alan even had to accept money and gifts from his friends. But do not get me 　1　 . He was not the kind of person who never paid the money he should. He was 　2　 very careful with the money he spent.
A few years ago, he won the lottery (彩票) and got a large amount of money. He was very 　3　. The first thing he did was to buy a very 　4　 car. Then he started spending money on 　5　 things or the things that he normally would not buy. He had more money than he needed and it was burning a hole in his pocket.He wasted his money 　6　 .
When we got together for a meal, he always paid the bill. He told me the money made him feel very 7　. But Alan soon ran out all of his money. He was as 　8　 as a church mouse again. His last dollar was spent and he had no money left. I admit (承认) I do feel 　9　 for my friend. He had enough money to live like a king. 　10　 , he is back to living a hard life.
( ) 1.A.right B．wrong C．confident　 D．surprised
( ) 2.A.seldom B．never C．sometimes D．always
( ) 3.A.excited B．moved C．sad D．interested
( ) 4.A.old B．small C．cheap D．expensive
( ) 5.A.important B．useful
C．unnecessary D．reasonable
B
D
A
D
C
( ) 6.A.quietly B．secretly C．quickly D．possibly
( ) 7.A.honest B．happy C．clever D．creative
( ) 8.A.poor B．rich C．careful D．strong
( ) 9.A.educational B．sorry
C．embarrassed D．realistic
( ) 10.A.Exactly B．Easily C．Instead D．Really
C
B
A
B
C
B
A strange thing happens to nearly everybody at night. They turn 11　 the lights, pull up the covers and close their eyes. Several hours later, they wake up again. Strange, isn't it
Sleep puzzles science. Scientists and doctors would rather talk about　12　 one can't fall asleep. They are not so sure
13　 causes sleep. The best conditions for sleep are good
health and meal which is 　14　 too big nor too small. No worries and a comfortable place can help you fall asleep 　
15　. They don't think it's good for two people to sleep in one bed.
Strange things happen during sleep. For example, you move often. You would feel　16　 if you didn't. You also dream. Parts of your brain are still 　17　 when you dream. Dreaming happens when the memory and imagination
parts of your brain are still awake. In your dream, you can see things that happened in the past or people you met before and you might 　18　 see things that never happen or people you never meet in your real life. 　19　 scientists say experiments have shown that most of us dream in color. 　20　 dreams may be caused by a stomachache. Don't worry if you dream. Some great stories and poems began while the writers slept.
( ) 11.A.off B．out C．up D．on
( ) 12.A.how B．why C．when D．where
( ) 13.A.who B．whom C．what D．which
( ) 14.A.both B．none C．either D．neither
( ) 15.A.slowly B．heavily C．hardly D．easily
A
B
C
D
D
( ) 16.A.sad B．tired C．angry D．excited
( ) 17.A.away B．asleep C．awake D．afraid
( ) 18.A.even B．ever C．hardly D．just
( ) 19.A.Few B．Many C．Old D．Young
( ) 20.A.Good B．Exciting C．Bad D．Cute
B
C
A
B
C
Task 3形容词和副词与短文填空
A
In the third century，China was divided into three kingdoms: Wei in the north，Shu in the southwest and Wu in the southeast.
The head of Shu，Liu Bei，heard of a man called Zhuge Liang who was 　1　 and knowledgeable. He wanted Zhuge Liang to help him.
So 　2　 with his best men Guan Yu and Zhang Fei，Liu Bei travelled the great distance to Longzhong to visit Zhuge Liang. But Zhuge Liang was not at his cottage (小屋)．
Later，on a snowy day，the three men came 　3　. But again they failed to see Zhuge Liang.
Liu Bei took 　4　 some paper and a brush and left a note expressing his admiration (敬佩)for Zhuge Liang's super talent.
It was spring now and Liu Bei was 　5　 thinking of going to visit Zhuge Liang.
Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were not 　6　 about his idea. 7　，Liu Bei insisted on (坚持)making a third trip to visit Zhuge Liang.
　8　，Zhuge Liang was at home this time. But he was still sleeping.
“Shh! Let's wait outside for him to wake 　9　，” Liu Bei said and they waited 　10　 until Zhuge Liang woke up. Zhuge Liang was moved and agreed to work for Liu Bei.
1.　 　　2.　 　　3.　 　　4.________　　
5. 6.　 　　7.___________　 　　
8.　 　　9.　 　　 10.　 　
patiently　
up　　
Luckily　　
However　　
pleased/happy　　
still　
again　　
together　　
wise　　
out
B
February 21 is International Mother Language Day. The purpose is to protect all languages around the world. More people speak Chinese as their mother language than any
11　 language in the world. In a 　12　 survey, about one fifth of the world's population speak a form of Chinese, BBC reported.
The 13　 known written record of Chinese is the oracle bone script (甲骨文) of the Shang Dynasty. Most Chinese characters are ideograms (表意文字) which put two or more words 　14　 to make a new one. For example, jia means “a pig under the roof”．This shows that people in 　15　 times thought of home as a place to hold treasures.
As time went　16　, thousands of words developed. 　17　, people only use a few thousand of them in everyday life.Today, new words are 　18　 being added to the Chinese dictionary such as dishi for taxis and xiu for TV shows.
With the　19　 development of China's economy (经济), more people from other countries are taking interest in Chinese. In a survey of last December, 2007 people were asked “Which 　20　 foreign language would you learn？” Chinese placed second, after Spanish, with 15 percent of the vote (选票)．
11.　 　　12.　 　　13.　 　　14.________　 　　
15. 16.　 　17.___________　 　　
18.　 19.　 　　20.　 　
other
recent
earliest
together
ancient
on
However
still
fast
new