2022届高考英语二轮复习：名词性从句精讲1学案（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语二轮复习：名词性从句精讲1学案（含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2022-03-09 13:29:37 | ||
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名词性从句精讲1——主语、表语、同位语从句
概念：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、表语、宾语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为：主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、宾语从句。
引导词
(1)连词：that, if/whether (只要是连词，在句中都不充当成分。
that 在句中不充当成分，也无意思
if只能用来引导某些宾语从句whether只要表示“是否”，都可用。)
引导词：连接词 (2)连接代词：who(人)，whom(宾格)，what(物)
which(哪一个人/物)whose(谁的，只指人)
&wh-ever在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语
(3)连接副词：when, where, why, how, &wh-ever在句中作状语。
不可省略的连词：
1. 介词后的连词
2. 引导主语从句,表语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.
We heard the news that our team had won.
主 语 从 句
1). that从句作主语通常用it作形式主语，常见的此类主语从句结构有
(1) “1t+be+名词(如a pity/ fact/ problem/ shame/ surprise, no wonder等)+that从句”
(2) “It十be十形容词(如natural, certain, clear, obvious, evident, necessary, true, likely, probable, possible, strange important等)+that从句”
注：当形容词是important, natural, necessary, strange, essential, surprising等时，从句谓语用“( should)+动词原形”，should可省略。
(3)“It+不及物动词(如seems, turns out, happens, appears, follows, occurs to sb等)+that从句”
(4)"It+ be过去分词(如：known, said, reported, believed, announced, accepted, found, claimed, declared, thought, hoped, suggested等)+that从句”当过去分词是suggested, demanded, required, commanded, recommended, ordered等词时，从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”，should可省略。
2). wh-从句
(1)表示“是否”意义时，只能用whether不能用if引导主语从句。
(2) it经常用来作形式主语，而把wh-从句放在句尾。
(3) wh-从句经常可以放在句首。
随堂练习
(I)选择
1. she couldn't understand was fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
A. What... why B. That. . . what C. What.. . because D. Why.. . that
2. It worried her a bit her hair was turning gray.
A. while B. that C. if D. for
3. It is pretty well understood controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
A. that B. when C. what D. how
4. man first made use of electricity is not exactly known.
A. When B. If C. That D. What
5. we will have a meeting hasn't been decided yet.
A. If B. That C. What D. Whether
6. we are saying is more than we will do.
A. That... that B. What... what C. Whatever.. . that D. As... as
7. leaves last turns off the light.
A. Who B. Whoever C. No matter who D. Whomever
8. wins the prize may get the car.
A. Who B. Whom C. Whomever D. Whoever
9. a pity that I didn't see you last week.
A. That's B. What's C. It's D. There's
10. she will come is certain.
A. That B. What C. / D. Whether
【Keys】 1-10 ABCAD BBDCA
(II) 语法单句填空
1. _______fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.
2._______made the school proud was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
3._______we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled.
4._______ she couldn't understand was why fewer and fewer students showed interest, in her lessons.
5. It is pretty well understood_______ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
【Keys】1.that 2.what 3.that 4.what 5. what
表 语 从 句
1)表语从句——系动词的后面。
be“是”+adj./n./介词短语/从句
感官动词：look, sound, taste, smell, feel等+adj.
系动词
表示“变化”的词：become, turn, get, grow, come, go等+adj.
表示“保持”的词：keep, remain, stay+ adj.
注意：主语是reason时，表语从句只能用that引导，不能用why或because。
The reason why…is that + 表语从句
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train this morning
2)特殊引导词
(1)as if/as though
(2)because
随堂练习
(I) 选择题
1. --Are you still thinking about yesterday's game --Oh, that's ________.
A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited
2. He never works hard. And that's ________ he seldom passes the exams.
A. what B. that C. which D. why
3. The reason ________ she gave for not being present was ________ the heavy snow prevented her coming.
A. /, because B. why, because C. /, that D. why, whether
4. --I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -- Is that ________ you had a few days off
A. why B .what C. when D. where
5. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ________I got wet through.
A. It’s the reason B. That’s why C. There’s why D. It’s how
6. See the flags on top of the building That was ________ we did this morning.
A. when B. which C. where D. what
7. -- Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game -- Oh, that’s ________.
A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited
【Keys】 1-7 ADC ABDA
(II) 翻译练习
1. 问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。
2. 问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了。
3. 我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣。
4. 那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的。
5. 好像他不知道答案。
【Keys】
1. The question is whether we need more ice cream
2. The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use
3. What she couldn’t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
4. That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.
5. It seems as if he didn’t know the answer.
同 位 语 从 句
1) that同位语从句
(1)一般由that引导，而且that不能省略。
(2)有时候，为避免句子头重脚轻，同位语从句可与名词分隔开来。
(3)后可接同位语从句的抽象名词有fact，belief，hope，idea，doubt，news，rumor，conclusion, evidence, suggestion, problem, order, answer, decision, discovery, explanation，information, knowledge, law, truth, opinion, promlse, report, thought, statement, possibility等词。
2) wh-同位语从句
(1)引导同位语从句的wh-连词在从句中作一定成分，而且有意义。
(2)引导同位语从句的wh-连词不能省略。
(3)同位名词多含有疑问意义，如doubt，wonder problem question等。
3) 同位语从句与定语从句之区别
(1) that在定语从句中既代替先行词，又在从句中作一定成分。而that在同位语从句中只起连接作用，不在句中作任何成分。
(2)定语从句是形容词性的，对先行词进行修饰，限定，描述其性质和特征。同位语从句是名词性的，对名词进行补充说明和解释。
(3)作为名词的doubt在肯定句中，后接whether引导的同位语从句；在否定句或疑问句中，后接that引导的同位语从句。
(4) who引导的疑问句中，doubt后接that引导的疑问句。
注意：当抽象名词是advice, proposal, request, suggestion等，同位语从句要用虚拟语气。
The suggestion came from the chairperson that the rule (should) be adopted.
随堂练习
(I) 选择
1. Word came I was wanted on the phone.
A. which B. why C. that D. whether
2. An idea came to her she might do the experiment in another way.
A. which B. why C. that D. whether
3. Along with the letter was his promise he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
4. Information has been put forward more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. while B. that C. when D. why
5. A story goes Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever
and qualified noblemen at court.
A. when B. where C. what D. that
6. I have no doubt he will get through the examination.
A. that B. whether C. if D. as
7. One of the men held the view the book said was right.
A. that what B. what that C. that D. whether
8. He always works hard even if he knows the fact he is not in good health.
A. which B. that C. why D. while
9. We all know the truth there is air, water and sunlight, there are living things.
A. in wherever B. that wherever C. where D. that
10. The social problem it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.
A. whether B. if C. what D. which
【Keys】 1-5 CCBBD 6-10 A ABB A
(II) 翻译练习
1. 他们应该尝试第二次的想法值得考虑。
2. 他们表达了他们将会再次来拜访中国的希望。
3. 学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。
4. 爸爸许下了我通过英语考试就给我买CD player的承诺。
5. 我们还没有解决我们要去哪里度过暑假的问题。
【Keys】
1. The idea that they should try a second time is worth considering.
2. They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.
3. The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.
4. Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test.
5. We haven’t settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
概念：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、表语、宾语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为：主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、宾语从句。
引导词
(1)连词：that, if/whether (只要是连词，在句中都不充当成分。
that 在句中不充当成分，也无意思
if只能用来引导某些宾语从句whether只要表示“是否”，都可用。)
引导词：连接词 (2)连接代词：who(人)，whom(宾格)，what(物)
which(哪一个人/物)whose(谁的，只指人)
&wh-ever在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语
(3)连接副词：when, where, why, how, &wh-ever在句中作状语。
不可省略的连词：
1. 介词后的连词
2. 引导主语从句,表语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.
We heard the news that our team had won.
主 语 从 句
1). that从句作主语通常用it作形式主语，常见的此类主语从句结构有
(1) “1t+be+名词(如a pity/ fact/ problem/ shame/ surprise, no wonder等)+that从句”
(2) “It十be十形容词(如natural, certain, clear, obvious, evident, necessary, true, likely, probable, possible, strange important等)+that从句”
注：当形容词是important, natural, necessary, strange, essential, surprising等时，从句谓语用“( should)+动词原形”，should可省略。
(3)“It+不及物动词(如seems, turns out, happens, appears, follows, occurs to sb等)+that从句”
(4)"It+ be过去分词(如：known, said, reported, believed, announced, accepted, found, claimed, declared, thought, hoped, suggested等)+that从句”当过去分词是suggested, demanded, required, commanded, recommended, ordered等词时，从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”，should可省略。
2). wh-从句
(1)表示“是否”意义时，只能用whether不能用if引导主语从句。
(2) it经常用来作形式主语，而把wh-从句放在句尾。
(3) wh-从句经常可以放在句首。
随堂练习
(I)选择
1. she couldn't understand was fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
A. What... why B. That. . . what C. What.. . because D. Why.. . that
2. It worried her a bit her hair was turning gray.
A. while B. that C. if D. for
3. It is pretty well understood controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
A. that B. when C. what D. how
4. man first made use of electricity is not exactly known.
A. When B. If C. That D. What
5. we will have a meeting hasn't been decided yet.
A. If B. That C. What D. Whether
6. we are saying is more than we will do.
A. That... that B. What... what C. Whatever.. . that D. As... as
7. leaves last turns off the light.
A. Who B. Whoever C. No matter who D. Whomever
8. wins the prize may get the car.
A. Who B. Whom C. Whomever D. Whoever
9. a pity that I didn't see you last week.
A. That's B. What's C. It's D. There's
10. she will come is certain.
A. That B. What C. / D. Whether
【Keys】 1-10 ABCAD BBDCA
(II) 语法单句填空
1. _______fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.
2._______made the school proud was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
3._______we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled.
4._______ she couldn't understand was why fewer and fewer students showed interest, in her lessons.
5. It is pretty well understood_______ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
【Keys】1.that 2.what 3.that 4.what 5. what
表 语 从 句
1)表语从句——系动词的后面。
be“是”+adj./n./介词短语/从句
感官动词：look, sound, taste, smell, feel等+adj.
系动词
表示“变化”的词：become, turn, get, grow, come, go等+adj.
表示“保持”的词：keep, remain, stay+ adj.
注意：主语是reason时，表语从句只能用that引导，不能用why或because。
The reason why…is that + 表语从句
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train this morning
2)特殊引导词
(1)as if/as though
(2)because
随堂练习
(I) 选择题
1. --Are you still thinking about yesterday's game --Oh, that's ________.
A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited
2. He never works hard. And that's ________ he seldom passes the exams.
A. what B. that C. which D. why
3. The reason ________ she gave for not being present was ________ the heavy snow prevented her coming.
A. /, because B. why, because C. /, that D. why, whether
4. --I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -- Is that ________ you had a few days off
A. why B .what C. when D. where
5. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ________I got wet through.
A. It’s the reason B. That’s why C. There’s why D. It’s how
6. See the flags on top of the building That was ________ we did this morning.
A. when B. which C. where D. what
7. -- Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game -- Oh, that’s ________.
A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited
【Keys】 1-7 ADC ABDA
(II) 翻译练习
1. 问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。
2. 问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了。
3. 我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣。
4. 那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的。
5. 好像他不知道答案。
【Keys】
1. The question is whether we need more ice cream
2. The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use
3. What she couldn’t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
4. That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.
5. It seems as if he didn’t know the answer.
同 位 语 从 句
1) that同位语从句
(1)一般由that引导，而且that不能省略。
(2)有时候，为避免句子头重脚轻，同位语从句可与名词分隔开来。
(3)后可接同位语从句的抽象名词有fact，belief，hope，idea，doubt，news，rumor，conclusion, evidence, suggestion, problem, order, answer, decision, discovery, explanation，information, knowledge, law, truth, opinion, promlse, report, thought, statement, possibility等词。
2) wh-同位语从句
(1)引导同位语从句的wh-连词在从句中作一定成分，而且有意义。
(2)引导同位语从句的wh-连词不能省略。
(3)同位名词多含有疑问意义，如doubt，wonder problem question等。
3) 同位语从句与定语从句之区别
(1) that在定语从句中既代替先行词，又在从句中作一定成分。而that在同位语从句中只起连接作用，不在句中作任何成分。
(2)定语从句是形容词性的，对先行词进行修饰，限定，描述其性质和特征。同位语从句是名词性的，对名词进行补充说明和解释。
(3)作为名词的doubt在肯定句中，后接whether引导的同位语从句；在否定句或疑问句中，后接that引导的同位语从句。
(4) who引导的疑问句中，doubt后接that引导的疑问句。
注意：当抽象名词是advice, proposal, request, suggestion等，同位语从句要用虚拟语气。
The suggestion came from the chairperson that the rule (should) be adopted.
随堂练习
(I) 选择
1. Word came I was wanted on the phone.
A. which B. why C. that D. whether
2. An idea came to her she might do the experiment in another way.
A. which B. why C. that D. whether
3. Along with the letter was his promise he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A. which B. that C. what D. whether
4. Information has been put forward more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. while B. that C. when D. why
5. A story goes Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever
and qualified noblemen at court.
A. when B. where C. what D. that
6. I have no doubt he will get through the examination.
A. that B. whether C. if D. as
7. One of the men held the view the book said was right.
A. that what B. what that C. that D. whether
8. He always works hard even if he knows the fact he is not in good health.
A. which B. that C. why D. while
9. We all know the truth there is air, water and sunlight, there are living things.
A. in wherever B. that wherever C. where D. that
10. The social problem it is right or wrong has not yet been decided.
A. whether B. if C. what D. which
【Keys】 1-5 CCBBD 6-10 A ABB A
(II) 翻译练习
1. 他们应该尝试第二次的想法值得考虑。
2. 他们表达了他们将会再次来拜访中国的希望。
3. 学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。
4. 爸爸许下了我通过英语考试就给我买CD player的承诺。
5. 我们还没有解决我们要去哪里度过暑假的问题。
【Keys】
1. The idea that they should try a second time is worth considering.
2. They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.
3. The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.
4. Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test.
5. We haven’t settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.