2022届高考英语二轮复习：动词时态精讲学案（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语二轮复习：动词时态精讲学案（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-03-09 13:32:24 | ||
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动词时态精讲4——解题技巧点拨与综合练习
解题技巧点拨
查找时间标志词
若括号中所给的是动词, 并且根据其在句中所处的位置和成分判断是谓语动词时, 首先寻找时间标志词；如果句中有标志性的时间状语, 则往往可以根据时间状语填写相应的时态。
【典例1】Daniel’s family _______ (enjoy)their holiday in Huangshan this time next week.
【keys】解析：will be enjoying。括号中所给的词是动词, 分析句子结构可知, 该句缺少谓语动词, 本句中的时间状语this time next week是将来进行时的时间标志词, 故填will be enjoying。
【典例2】The reports went missing in 2012and nobody _______ (see) them since.
【keys】解析：has seen。根据句意可知自从2012年这些文件开始不见的, 到现在为止没有人看见。since经常和现在完成时连用, 再根据与nobody的主谓一致关系, 可知应填has seen。
（2）主从句时态呼应
如果所填空格的句子是含有状语从句或宾语从句的主从复合句, 可根据主从句时态呼应的原则填上正确的时态。根据主从句时态呼应原则解题时, 要把握好以下几点：
①在时间、条件等状语从句中, 用一般现在时表示一般将来时, 用一般过去时表示过去将来时, 用现在完成时表示将来完成时。
②正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的先后时间, 并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。
③解答宾语从句与主句时态呼应题时, 考生应熟知以下规则：
主句动词为现在时, 则从句动词可根据需要使用任何时态；
主句动词为过去时, 则从句动词须用恰当的过去的某种时态（表示客观真理时使用一般现在时）。
【典例】The moment I got home, I found I_______ (leave) my jacket on the playground.
【keys】解析：had left。由于主句的动词使用了一般过去时, 且宾语从句的动作发生在主句动作之前, 故应用过去完成时。
（3）注意固定搭配
英语中有很多固定搭配或特殊句式, 使用的动词时态非常固定。如果句子构成某种固定搭配或特殊句式, 则根据规则使用相应的时态。
【典例1】This is the first time we _______(see) a film in the cinema together as a family.
【keys】解析：have seen。This is the first / second /last...time (that)...是固定结构, 后面的从句中应使用现在完成时。如果把is改为was, 则后面的从句中应使用过去完成时。
【典例2】-- How can I apply for an online course
--Just fill out this form and we _______(see) what we can do for you.
【keys】解析：will see。“祈使句（或名词词组）+ and(或or)简单句”是并列句的一种固定句式, and（或or）后的简单句通常用一般将来时。
（4）细心体会语境
近年来高考试题对时态语态考查的要求越来越高, 设题趋向于不出现时间状语, 而向情境化、实际化的方向发展。因此, 细心体会所给语境, 根据具体语境选择合适的时态是考生需要重点解决的问题。
【典例】Would you please keep silent The weather report _________（broadcast）and I want to listen.
【keys】解析：is being broadcast / will be broadcast。由“I want to listen.”可知, 说话时天气预报正在播报或将要播报, 应使用进行时或将来时, 且表示被动含义, 故填is being broadcast /will bebroadcast。
（5）被动优先原则
当括号中所给动词与其主语是被动意义时, 应使用被动语态。
【典例】Experiments of this kind __________(conduct) in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.
【keys】解析：had been conducted。主语experiments与conduct 构成动宾关系, 谓语应使用被动语态。the Second World War表示过去的时间点, before the Second World War表示过去的过去这一时间点, 故填过去完成时的被动语态。
综合练习
1. Unfortunately, when I got to her flat, she ________, so we had only time for a few words.
A. just left B. had just left C. has just left D. was just leaving
2. Kate________ on her new novel, which is supposed to come out next month.
A. has been working B. had worked C. will be working D. was working
3. Profits in his company went up by 25% last year, and ________ so far this year though the financial situation is bad.
A. haven't decreased B. didn't decrease
C. haven't been decreased D. weren't decreased
4. –Jeff, you look so excited today.
--Sure I am, I ________ a good job in a big company, you know.
A. offered B. will offer C. have been offered D. was offered
5. --Are you about to have dinner --Yes, it ________ in the dining-room.
A. is serving B. serves C. is being served D. is served
6. --I ran into the back of a truck yesterday and damaged my car badly.
--I suppose you ________ too fast.
A. had driven B. drove C. have driven D. were driving
7. If a computer crashes, you will lose the file you ________on if you don't save it early enough.
A. are working B. work C. will work D. worked
8. I don't understand why you ________ your mind constantly！We haven't been able to decide where to spend our holiday, you know
A. change B. will change C. are changing D. have changed
9. --Ring me at 5:00 a.m. No better not so early! I ________. --I got it.
A. will sleep B. sleep
C. am sleeping D. will be sleeping
10. --I'll come to see your performance at 9:00 tomorrow evening.
--I'm sorry, but by then my performance ________ and I ________ reporters in the meeting room.
A. will end; will meet B. will have ended; will be meeting
C. will be ended; am going to meet D. is to end; will meet
11. Miss Li ________ as a secretary for five years in the company, and now she is general manager of it.
A. serves B. served C. had served D. has served
12. --We all had a lot of fun at the barbecue yesterday. Pity you weren't there.
--I really should have gone with you but I ________ on some remaining problems.
A. was working B. would work
C. worked D. would have worked
13. --Listen, someone is knocking at the door.--Yes. ________ answer it.
A. I was going to B. I'll C. I plan to D. I am to
14. --Isn't it amazing that I met Francis at the Christmas party
--Really？For how many years ________ each other
A. didn't you see B. haven't you seen
C. hadn't you seen D. don't you see
15. I ________ to help you to do homework but I couldn't spare any time. I ________ a composition last night and I'll finish it today.
A. wanted；wrote B. had wanted；was writing
C. have wanted；wrote D. wanted；have been writing
16. Now the world's attention ________ the stocking markets, as they have great influence on the world's economy.
A. is fixing on B. is being fixed on C. had been fixed on D. has fixed on
17. —I thought you were going to see your sister last weekend.
—I ________, but at the last minute she called me to say that she had to deal with something urgent.
A. was to have B. was going to have C. would like to D. would
18. In this experiment, they are woken up several times during the night, and asked to report what they ________．
A. had just been dreaming B. are just dreaming
C. have just been dreaming D. had just dreamt
19. --Can you give me the right answer
--Sorry, I ________.Would you repeat that question
A. hadn't listened B. haven't listened C. don't listen D. wasn't listening
20. It is certain that you were in a great hurry; you ________ your jacket inside out.
A. wore B. had worn C. were wearing D. are wearing
21. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area ________. We must act immediately before there's left.
A. have run out B. are running out
C. have been run out D. are being run out
22. I won't tell the student the answer to the maths problem until he ________ on it for more than an hour.
A. will have worked B. had worked
C. has been working D. will have been working
23. --Jerry loves his new dog, doesn't he
--Yes, he ________ it out for a walk every day since he picked it up.
A. takes B. took C. has taken D. has been taking
24. --Have you been to the United States --Yes, only once. I ________ there only for seven days.
A. have stayed B. was staying C. stayed D. had stayed
25. --I'm sorry, but I don't quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20
--Sorry, I ________ myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
A. hadn't made B. wouldn't make C. don't make D. haven't made
26. Look at the pride on Tom's face. He ________ to have been praised by the manager just now.
A. seemed B. seems C. had seemed D. is seeming
27. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they ________ before leaving their hometowns.
A. promised B. were promised
C. have promised D. have been promised
28. --Have you heard about that fire in the market --Yes, fortunately no one ________.
A. hurt B. was hurt C. has hurt D. had been hurt
29. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ________.
A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made
30. My mind wasn't on what he was saying, so I'm afraid I ________ half of it.
A. was missing B. had missed C. will miss D. missed
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B 11. B 12. A
13. B 14. C 15. B 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. D 21. D 22. C 23. D 24. C
25. D 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. D
解题技巧点拨
查找时间标志词
若括号中所给的是动词, 并且根据其在句中所处的位置和成分判断是谓语动词时, 首先寻找时间标志词；如果句中有标志性的时间状语, 则往往可以根据时间状语填写相应的时态。
【典例1】Daniel’s family _______ (enjoy)their holiday in Huangshan this time next week.
【keys】解析：will be enjoying。括号中所给的词是动词, 分析句子结构可知, 该句缺少谓语动词, 本句中的时间状语this time next week是将来进行时的时间标志词, 故填will be enjoying。
【典例2】The reports went missing in 2012and nobody _______ (see) them since.
【keys】解析：has seen。根据句意可知自从2012年这些文件开始不见的, 到现在为止没有人看见。since经常和现在完成时连用, 再根据与nobody的主谓一致关系, 可知应填has seen。
（2）主从句时态呼应
如果所填空格的句子是含有状语从句或宾语从句的主从复合句, 可根据主从句时态呼应的原则填上正确的时态。根据主从句时态呼应原则解题时, 要把握好以下几点：
①在时间、条件等状语从句中, 用一般现在时表示一般将来时, 用一般过去时表示过去将来时, 用现在完成时表示将来完成时。
②正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的先后时间, 并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。
③解答宾语从句与主句时态呼应题时, 考生应熟知以下规则：
主句动词为现在时, 则从句动词可根据需要使用任何时态；
主句动词为过去时, 则从句动词须用恰当的过去的某种时态（表示客观真理时使用一般现在时）。
【典例】The moment I got home, I found I_______ (leave) my jacket on the playground.
【keys】解析：had left。由于主句的动词使用了一般过去时, 且宾语从句的动作发生在主句动作之前, 故应用过去完成时。
（3）注意固定搭配
英语中有很多固定搭配或特殊句式, 使用的动词时态非常固定。如果句子构成某种固定搭配或特殊句式, 则根据规则使用相应的时态。
【典例1】This is the first time we _______(see) a film in the cinema together as a family.
【keys】解析：have seen。This is the first / second /last...time (that)...是固定结构, 后面的从句中应使用现在完成时。如果把is改为was, 则后面的从句中应使用过去完成时。
【典例2】-- How can I apply for an online course
--Just fill out this form and we _______(see) what we can do for you.
【keys】解析：will see。“祈使句（或名词词组）+ and(或or)简单句”是并列句的一种固定句式, and（或or）后的简单句通常用一般将来时。
（4）细心体会语境
近年来高考试题对时态语态考查的要求越来越高, 设题趋向于不出现时间状语, 而向情境化、实际化的方向发展。因此, 细心体会所给语境, 根据具体语境选择合适的时态是考生需要重点解决的问题。
【典例】Would you please keep silent The weather report _________（broadcast）and I want to listen.
【keys】解析：is being broadcast / will be broadcast。由“I want to listen.”可知, 说话时天气预报正在播报或将要播报, 应使用进行时或将来时, 且表示被动含义, 故填is being broadcast /will bebroadcast。
（5）被动优先原则
当括号中所给动词与其主语是被动意义时, 应使用被动语态。
【典例】Experiments of this kind __________(conduct) in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.
【keys】解析：had been conducted。主语experiments与conduct 构成动宾关系, 谓语应使用被动语态。the Second World War表示过去的时间点, before the Second World War表示过去的过去这一时间点, 故填过去完成时的被动语态。
综合练习
1. Unfortunately, when I got to her flat, she ________, so we had only time for a few words.
A. just left B. had just left C. has just left D. was just leaving
2. Kate________ on her new novel, which is supposed to come out next month.
A. has been working B. had worked C. will be working D. was working
3. Profits in his company went up by 25% last year, and ________ so far this year though the financial situation is bad.
A. haven't decreased B. didn't decrease
C. haven't been decreased D. weren't decreased
4. –Jeff, you look so excited today.
--Sure I am, I ________ a good job in a big company, you know.
A. offered B. will offer C. have been offered D. was offered
5. --Are you about to have dinner --Yes, it ________ in the dining-room.
A. is serving B. serves C. is being served D. is served
6. --I ran into the back of a truck yesterday and damaged my car badly.
--I suppose you ________ too fast.
A. had driven B. drove C. have driven D. were driving
7. If a computer crashes, you will lose the file you ________on if you don't save it early enough.
A. are working B. work C. will work D. worked
8. I don't understand why you ________ your mind constantly！We haven't been able to decide where to spend our holiday, you know
A. change B. will change C. are changing D. have changed
9. --Ring me at 5:00 a.m. No better not so early! I ________. --I got it.
A. will sleep B. sleep
C. am sleeping D. will be sleeping
10. --I'll come to see your performance at 9:00 tomorrow evening.
--I'm sorry, but by then my performance ________ and I ________ reporters in the meeting room.
A. will end; will meet B. will have ended; will be meeting
C. will be ended; am going to meet D. is to end; will meet
11. Miss Li ________ as a secretary for five years in the company, and now she is general manager of it.
A. serves B. served C. had served D. has served
12. --We all had a lot of fun at the barbecue yesterday. Pity you weren't there.
--I really should have gone with you but I ________ on some remaining problems.
A. was working B. would work
C. worked D. would have worked
13. --Listen, someone is knocking at the door.--Yes. ________ answer it.
A. I was going to B. I'll C. I plan to D. I am to
14. --Isn't it amazing that I met Francis at the Christmas party
--Really？For how many years ________ each other
A. didn't you see B. haven't you seen
C. hadn't you seen D. don't you see
15. I ________ to help you to do homework but I couldn't spare any time. I ________ a composition last night and I'll finish it today.
A. wanted；wrote B. had wanted；was writing
C. have wanted；wrote D. wanted；have been writing
16. Now the world's attention ________ the stocking markets, as they have great influence on the world's economy.
A. is fixing on B. is being fixed on C. had been fixed on D. has fixed on
17. —I thought you were going to see your sister last weekend.
—I ________, but at the last minute she called me to say that she had to deal with something urgent.
A. was to have B. was going to have C. would like to D. would
18. In this experiment, they are woken up several times during the night, and asked to report what they ________．
A. had just been dreaming B. are just dreaming
C. have just been dreaming D. had just dreamt
19. --Can you give me the right answer
--Sorry, I ________.Would you repeat that question
A. hadn't listened B. haven't listened C. don't listen D. wasn't listening
20. It is certain that you were in a great hurry; you ________ your jacket inside out.
A. wore B. had worn C. were wearing D. are wearing
21. Food supplies in the flood-stricken area ________. We must act immediately before there's left.
A. have run out B. are running out
C. have been run out D. are being run out
22. I won't tell the student the answer to the maths problem until he ________ on it for more than an hour.
A. will have worked B. had worked
C. has been working D. will have been working
23. --Jerry loves his new dog, doesn't he
--Yes, he ________ it out for a walk every day since he picked it up.
A. takes B. took C. has taken D. has been taking
24. --Have you been to the United States --Yes, only once. I ________ there only for seven days.
A. have stayed B. was staying C. stayed D. had stayed
25. --I'm sorry, but I don't quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20
--Sorry, I ________ myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
A. hadn't made B. wouldn't make C. don't make D. haven't made
26. Look at the pride on Tom's face. He ________ to have been praised by the manager just now.
A. seemed B. seems C. had seemed D. is seeming
27. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they ________ before leaving their hometowns.
A. promised B. were promised
C. have promised D. have been promised
28. --Have you heard about that fire in the market --Yes, fortunately no one ________.
A. hurt B. was hurt C. has hurt D. had been hurt
29. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ________.
A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made
30. My mind wasn't on what he was saying, so I'm afraid I ________ half of it.
A. was missing B. had missed C. will miss D. missed
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B 11. B 12. A
13. B 14. C 15. B 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. D 21. D 22. C 23. D 24. C
25. D 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. D