2022届高考英语二轮复习：状语从句精讲2学案（含答案）

状语从句精讲2——原因、结果
原因状语从句
一、概念：用表示原因的连词连接一个句子作状语，这样的主从复合句就是原因状语从句。
二、原因状语从句从属连词: 主要的有because, as, since, for, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that)，in that等。
例：
　　The woolly shrank because it was washed badly. 毛衣因洗得不得法而缩水。
　　I can’t get to sleep because of the noise outside. 由于外面声音嘈杂我睡不着。
　　Since/As we’ve no money, we can’t buy it. 由于我们没钱，我们无法购买它。
　　Seeing that it’s raining, we’d better stay indoors. 既然外边在下雨，我们最好待在室内。
Now that you are here, you’d better stay. 你既然来了，最好还是留下吧(既来之，则安之)。
练习：(英译中)
I'm forever on a diet, since I put on weight easily.
Their criticisms seem premature considering that the results are not yet known.
【keys】
1. 我永远都在减肥，因为我很容易长胖。（since）
2. 由于还不知道结果，他们的批评就似乎太早了。（sonsidering）
1: because
because表示直接原因，语气最强，最适合回答 why引导的疑问句，引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后。例如：
I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。
注: “not ... because”结构中的not否定的是because引导的整个从句
例：（翻译）
The country is not strong because it is large.
【keys】国强不在大。
2: since
引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、显然的理由(通常被翻译成“既然”)，较为正式， 语气比because弱。
例：
Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics.
既然今天你休息，你最好帮我补习数学。
【注】特殊引导词seeing (that)， now (that)， considering (that)， in that这几个词汇与since引导的原因状语从句意思相近， 都表示“既然”。
例: Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there’s no reason that we should now help him.
他既然曾经拒绝帮助我们，我们现在没有理由要来帮助他。
Considering (that) everybody is here, let’s begin our discussion.
既然大家都到了，我们就开始讨论吧。
In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it.
因为有病，他觉得做不了那件事。
3: as
引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”，语气比since弱，较为正式，位置较为灵活(常放于主句之前)。
例：
As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi. 既然在下雨，你最好乘出租汽车。
I went to bed early, as I was exhausted. 我睡得早，因为我筋疲力尽了。
4: for
引导的是并列句表示原因但并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的补充说明，for引导的并列句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。
例：
He could not have seen me, for I was not there. 他不可能见过我， 因为我不在那里。
【注】 because, as ,since, for的区别；
because：引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后， because表示直接原因，语气最强，最适合回答 why引导的疑问句。
as： 引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、显然的理由(通常被翻译成“既然”)，较为正式，语气比because弱。
since： 引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”，语气比since弱，较为正式，位置较为灵活(常放于主句之前)。
for： 引导的是并列句表示原因但并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的补充说明，for引导的并列句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。
原因状语从句综合练习：
1.专题精讲
（1）____ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.　
A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as 　　
（2）He found it increasingly difficult to read, ____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.　
A. and B. for C. but D. or 　　
（3）A man cannot smile like a child, ____ a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone.　　
A.so B. but C. and D. for 　　
【keys】
（1） A 主句与从句之间存在因果关系， 且“you’ve got a chance”表示一个显而易见的原因， 因此应选用表原因的now that。 　　
(2) B “his eyesight was beginning to fail”是“he found it increasingly difficult to read”的原因， 因此本题应选用可以表示原因的连词for引导原因状语从句。 　　
(3) D 下划线处之后的句子补充说明“a man cannot smile like a child”的原因， 应选用for表原因。
2. 选择题
(1） ______ he was eating, he remained silent.
A. Since B. For C. While D. Because
(2） ______ we have come, let’s stay and enjoy it.
A. For B. As C. Because D. Since
(3） Mary came to France in 1980 and it wasn’t long ______ she became a French citizen.
A. while B. since C. before D. when
(4） ______ the day went on, the weather got worse.
A. With B. Since C. As D. While
(5） He can’t have gone out, ______ the light is still on.
A. because B. since C. as D. for
(6） ______ journalism seems like a good profession, I would prefer to be a teacher.
A. Although B. Even C. No matter D. Now that
(7） Mrs. Green was preparing dinner ______ her husband hurried back.
A. before B. after C. while D. when
(8） It was ______ he wasn’t ready that we went without him.
A. because of B. because C. since D. as
(9） ______ you know the importance of English, you should study it harder.
A. Because B. Though C. Even D. Now that
(10）______ you have seen bother fighters, ______ will win
A. Since…do you think who B. As…who do you think
C. When…whoever D. Since…who do you think
【keys】1-5CDCCD 6-10ADBDD
结果状语从句
一、概念：从句部分是用以补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的结果的从句。
二．结果状语从句从属连词
结果状语从句由such…that, so….that, so that, that 引导。
1. such… that 的常用句型such +a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+that
such +形容词+可数名词单数+that
Such+形容词+可数名词复数（不可数名词）+that
例：This is such a good book that all of us like it very much.
He had such long arms that he could almost touch his knees.
It was such fine weather yesterday that we went swimming.
【注】so many (much, few, little) +名词，such a lot of (或lots of)+名词是惯用法，不可乱用。
例: She is such a beautiful girl that we all like her.
They were such beautiful flower that we bought home.
It was such delicious food that they ate it up.
2. so+形容词或副词+that
so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that
例: He is so rich that he can buy lot of things for himself.
He works so hard that he did everything well.
It was so hot a day that we all went swimming
It was such a good day that we all went swimming.
It was such fine weather yesterday that we went swimming.
3. so that, that都可以引导结果状语从句
例：He didn’t study hard, (so) that he failed the exam.
【注】 too…to, enough…to 可以引导结果状语从句与so…that 替换，so…that结构可以用too…to替换必须具备两个条件，一是主句和结果状语从句的主语必须一致，二是从句中的谓语部分必须含有can(could) not.
例： She is young that she can' t go to school.
She is too young to go to school.
She isn' t old enough to go to school.
结果状语从句练习：
<1>专题精讲
（1）His plan was such a good one ____ we all agreed to accept it.
A. so B. and C. that D. as
（2）We were in ____ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.
A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush
C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush
【keys】
C that与前面的such呼应， 引导结果状语从句。
D 表示“如此匆忙”可以用“in so anxious a rush”或者“in such an anxious rush”。
<2> 单项选择
1. He left in ___a hurry ___he forgot to lock the door.
A. such, that B. so, that C. such, as D. so, when
2.Farmers rotate (轮作) their crops _____ the soil will remain fertile.
A. so that B. because of C. in order to D. rather than
3. Speak to him slowly ____ he may understand you better.
A. since B. so that C. for D. because
4. It was ____ a hundred people looked lost in it.
A. so large a room that B. so large room
C. a such large room D. such large a room
5. He has ____ little education that he can’t teach ____ little children.
A. so; such B. too; such C. a; so D. very; so
【Keys】 1-5 AABAA