中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
人教版八年级英语下册
Unit 3 Section A(1a-2d)导学案
【学习目标】：
1. Learn to make polite requests.
2. Learn to ask permissions politely.
3. Learn the new words and phrases :
rubbish, fold, sweep, floor, mess, take out rubbish, clean the living room, do the dishes, do the laundry , make one’s bed, fold the clothes, sweep the floor, do chores.
【学习重点】
. 1. 单词：chore, dish, sweep, fold, meeting
2. 词组：do the dishes, take out, make one’s bed, work on
3. 句型：
Could you please clean your room Yes, sure.
Could you please do the dishes Sorry, I can’t. I have to do my homework.
Could I go to the movies Yes, you can.
Could I use the car No, you can’t. I have to go out.
【学习难点】
掌握情态动词could 和can 的用法。学会用Could you /I please do … 征求他人意见
【预习导学】
一 学前准备：
1. 预习单词表中Page17 到Page18的单词。
2. 请同学们阅读Page17 1b 短语，借助词典，翻译短语，并背诵。
二 学习过程：
（一）看1a 中的图片对话。画出重点句型：Could you please take out the rubbish Sure.
尝试将1a 短语套用1a 中的句型，写下来。
（二）尝试完成1b部分听力内容。
（三）仿照1c 的对话形式，练习编写目标语言的对话。
（四）听录音，尝试完成 2a-2b 的听力习题。找出这部分难懂的短语及句子，记下来。
（五）根据2a/2b的听力内容，试写一则Peter 与Peter’s father 间的对话。
（六）通过自学2d课文，巩固目标语言的用法并翻译对话。
（七）背诵2d 对话。
三 语法探究
在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，常用could代替can，以表示礼貌，委婉或不
确定的语气，而can则不具备这些语气。这种情况下不能把could看作can的过去式。以上两句中用could是为了表示礼貌的请求。表示请求帮助或请求允许时，除了can, could之外，还可以用may，句子的表达方式也各有不同，可以用不同的方式来表示同一个概念。例：
①Could/Can/May I use your car for a day
②I wonder if I could use your car for a day
③Do you mind if I use your car for a day
对于①、②句所作允答可以各种各样，如同意可以说Yes，或Sure或Certainly，还可说Yes, (do) please. 或Of course. (you may/can). 或That’s OK/all right. 如果不同意，可以说I’m sorry you can’t. 或I’m really sorry, but I have to use it today. 要避免说No, you can’t. 这样显得很不礼貌。否定回答通常用委婉语气。对于句（3）所作回答可以说Never mind. /Not at all. 表“不介意”。不能用Yes. /Sure. /Of course. /Certainly.等。
无论肯定还是否定应答中，要避免使用could，要用can或may。因为应答须用确定的语气。而could在表请求的问句中是为了表示礼貌或委婉语气，用在应答中则成了不确定语气，与情理不符。所以应答中不说Yes, you could. 或No, you couldn’t. 而要说Yes, you can. 或Sorry. /No, you can’t.
四 自学检测
（1）根据汉语写出单词或短语：
1.杂务 2.洗餐具 3.清扫 4.取出
5.整理床铺 6.折叠 7.起居室 8.倒垃圾
（2）单选。
1. A: Could you please sweep the floor
B: _______. I have to do my homework.
A. Yes, sure. B. Why not C. Sorry, I can’t
2. A: Could you please buy ____ drinks and snacks
B: Sorry. I don’t have ____ money.
A. some, any B. any, any C. some, some
3. A: Could I _____________ B: Sorry, you can’t . Your father has to use it.
A. do chores B. go to the movies C. use the car
4. --Could I look at your picture
--Yes, of course you ______.
A. could B. can C. will
学习体会______________________________________________________________________
通过本节课的学习我最大的收获是:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
（1）1. do chores 2. do the dishes 3. sweep 4. take out
5. make the bed 6. fold 7. living room 8. take out the rubbish.
(2) 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B
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人教版八年级英语下册
Unit 3 Section A 1a-2d同步练习
一 翻译下列 短语
1. 做家务_________ =___________ 2.扫地_______________
3. 叠衣服______________________ 4. 拿出______________
5. 倒垃圾________________________ 6. 整理床铺______________
7. 起居室，客厅_________________ 8.洗碗________________
9. 顺便来访______________________ 10.外出吃晚餐_____________
11.在外面待到很晚_________________ 12.搭便车__________________
13.篮球赛___________________ 14. 帮忙___________________
15. 一些事情________________ 16.从事，使用__________________
17. 随时，马上_________________ 18. 相当干净_________________
二完成下列句子
1. Could you please clean your room 请你打扫你的房间好吗？
“Could you please _____ sth. ” 请你…好吗？ 表示一种________的请求；
肯定回答：_____________________________________________
否定回答：_____________________________________________
拓展1：Could you please not ____ sth “请不要做某事好吗？”
造句：请你不要吃太多的垃圾食品好吗？____________________________
请你帮忙做一些事情好吗？__________________________________
拓展2：常见的表示委婉请求的句型还有：Would you please do sth.
Eg. Would you please _________(sweep) the floor
Would you please ___________(listen) to music in class
2.I’m going to ______(clean) the living room.
---be going to +_______ sth “打算，将要做某事”
3. I have to ______(do) some work. 必须做某事:______________
4. I need ___________(eat) breakfast. 需要做某事: ________________
5. Could I at least finish __________(watch) this show
做完某事:____________________
6. She __________(be not) happy if she ______(see) this mess.
此句是___________________从句，遵循_____________的原则。
7. Could you give me a ride to town 让某人搭便车: ____________
Exercise
一、根据句意及首字母提示写出单词。
1. After the party, the room was in a m______.
2. It is Friday today. Don't p______off it anymore.
3. You could visit the s______ kids in hospital.
4.I am very h______. Give me some food, please.
5. His grandparents live a______ in a small house.
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. There used to (be) a river in his hometown.
2. He would like to do things like (swim) in the lake.
3. Linda is making a plan (write) a book about Chinese history.
4. Could you please （run）in the hallways？
5. Come on, Mike. Mrs Liu___________（come）into the classroom any
minute now.
三、单选题
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
( ) 1. —Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes？
—Sure. Mom will be mad if she sees this_________, I think.
A. Matter B. mess C. trouble D. difficulty
( ) 2. David, ___________you please sweep the floor and take out the
rubbish？
A. Could B. may C. might D. must
( ) 3. My daughter___________ an apple and gave it to me.
A. gave out B. help out C. took out D. put out
( ) 4.________I put off my work I can’ t finish it today.
—Yes, You can.
A. Could B. Must C. Need D. Would
( ) 5.—Could you please ________your room, Tom
— ____________.
A. cleaning, No problem B. clean, Certainly
C. to clean, Of course D. clean, No ,I couldn’t
( ) 6.—Do you like to_______ your bed
—No，I hate to_______ chores．
A．do；do B．do；make
C．make；do D．make；make
( ) 7.______ you tell me how I______ get to the No．168 Middle
School
A．Do；can B．Can；could
C．Could；can D．Could；could
( ) 8. Miss White, I’m going out, could you _______ my child for a
while
A. look for B. look over C. look at D. look after
( ) 9.It is a year of tiger. My parents gave _____a nice toy tiger on New Year’s Day.
A. I B. me C. mine D. my
四、将下列句子中汉语部分译成英语，注意使用恰当的形式。
1.Could you please (帮忙) a few things
2.Excuse me, sir. Could I (搭车)the town
3.Nancy never (在外待很晚) at night.
4. After dinner, Mom is always busy (洗碗).
5. I would like (扫地), Could you help me？
五、 完形填空：
Sam is a middle school student. He 1 doing chores. But he had to do 2 chores. For example, on Mondays , Wednesdays 3 Fridays he took out the rubbish. And on weekends he always washed his father's car. He also cleaned his own room 4 a week. What a chore that was! Sometimes he even had to 5 after his little sister and brother.
Sam had a foreign 6 at school. His name was Kumar. 7 chores in Kumar's family was very different. In his house only the girls did chores. His sisters made all the beds and cleaned all the rooms too, even his bedroom. His mother always 8 the meals, went shopping and prepared the food. So when Kumar talked to his friend Sam about chores, he felt very lucky.
One day, Sam had an 9 . He wanted to make a robot 10 with the chores in the future.
( )1. A. liked B. unlike C. hated D. dislike
( ) 2. A. any B. many C. much D. more
( ) 3. A. to B. about C. and D. with
( ) 4. A. once B. one C. every D. first
( ) 5. A. take B. make C. look D. care
( ) 6. A. friend B. sister C. aunt D. brother
( ) 7. A. Doing B. Do C. Making D. Make
( ) 8. A. cooks B. cooking C. to cook D. cooked
( ) 9. A. resolution B. information C. idea D. advice
( )10. A.help B. helping C. helps D. to help
参考答案
一 短语
1. do housework /do the chores 2. sweep the floor
3. fold clothes 4. take out
5. take out the rubbish 6. make one’s bed
7. living room8. 7. do the dishes
9. drop by 10. go out for dinner
11. stay out late 12. get a ride
13. basketball game 14. Help out
15. Some things 16. work on
17. at once/ right away 18. pretty clean
二 句子
1.do；委婉
肯定回答：Yes, sure./ Yes, I can./of course, I can. / No problem./with pleasure.
否定回答：sorry, I can't. I have to…/Sorry，I'm going to…/I'm afraid I can't. I have to…
拓展1：do
造句：Could you please not eating too much junk food
Could you please do something for me？
拓展2：sweep； listen
2. do; 许可
肯定回答常用：Yes，you can./Yes，please.等。
否定回答常用：Sorry，you can't./ I'm afraid you can't.等。
1. clean /do
2. do have to/ must do sth.
3. to eat; need to do sth.
4. watching; finish doing sth.
5. won’t be; sees
If 引导的条件状语从句；“主将从现”
8. give sb. a ride
Exercise
一、根据句意及首字母提示写出单词。
1.mess. 2. put 3. sick 4.hungry. 5.alone
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. be 2. swimming 3. to write 4. not run 5. will come
三、单选题
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B
6. C 7. C 8. D 9. B
四、将下列句子中汉语部分译成英语，注意使用恰当的形式。
1. help out with 2. get a ride to 3. stays out late
4. doing the dishes . 5. to sweep the floor
五、 完形填空
1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C
6. A 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. D
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SectionA
Period 1(1a-2d)
人教版八年级英语下册
Unit3
Objectives
1. Learn to make polite requests.
2.Try to ask for permission politely .
do the dishes
sweep the floor
make the bed
Look and say
take out the trash
clean the living room
fold your clothes
Do you know them
Yes. They’re chores.
Do you often/usually do chores
Yes, I do.
No, never./No,I don’t.
do the dishes
take out the rubbish
fold your clothes
sweep the floor
make your bed
clean the living room
1a
Do you do these chores at home Discuss them with your partner.
Listen. Who will do these chores
Check (√) Peter’s mother or Peter.
Chores Peter’s mother Peter
do the dishes
sweep the floor
take out the rubbish
make the bed
fold the clothes
clean the living room
√
√
√
√
√
√
1b
Could you please sweep the floor
Yes, sure. Can you do the dishes
Well, could you please do them I'm going to clean the living room.
No problem.
Make conversations about the chores in 1a.
1c
1. A: Could you please
_______________
B: __________________
sweep the floor
No problem
Sure./ Of course./ No problem./ All right.
2. A: Could ____________
B: ______________
you please
do the dishes
All right
3. A: _________________
______________
B: _____________.
Could you please
make the bed
Sample
4. A: Could____________
__________________
you please
take out the rubbish
B: Sorry, I have to
___________.
do my homework
5. A: ____________
B: ______________
Could you please
fold the clothes
Sorry. I’m going to
play football
0
2a
Look !What are Peter and his father talking about
go out for dinner
go to the cinema
get a ride搭便车..
stay out late 晚归
Peter wants to do the following things. Does his father agree with him
2a
Listen. Peter asks his father if he can do
four things. What does his father say
Check(√) yes or no.
Peter wants to… Peter’s father says… His father’s reasons
go out for dinner. Yes no I have to do some work
go to the movies. Yes no You have to clean your room.
stay out late. Yes no I need to eat breakfast.
get a ride. Yes no You have a basketball game.
√
√
√
√
2b
Listen again. Why does Peter’s father say “no” Draw lines to the reasons in the chart below.
Listening Comprehension
Put “T” for true or “F” for false before
each of the following statements
according to 2a and 2b.
Peter’s friend asks him to see a movie
after dinner.
2.Peter and his friend will drink something
when they see the movie.
3. Peter’s father asks him to get home
earlier than 11.
T
F
T
4. Peter has to get home as early
as possible because he will have a
test tomorrow .
5. Peter wqnts his father to drive him
to town when he goes to work.
F
F
A: Could I use your computer
Make conversations between Peter and his father.
B: Sorry. I’m going to work on it now.
A: Well, could I watch TV
B: Yes, you can, but first you have to clean your room. / No, you can’t....
2c
Sample
Peter; Could I hang out with my friends
on the weekend
Father: You’d better not .Lessons must
be first.
Peter: Yeah. Could I do that after I finish
my homework
Father: Sure. That would be OK
Tony
Tony’s sister
2d
Role-play the conversation
Role play the conversation.
Sister: Tony, could you please help out with a few things
Brother: Could I at least finish watching this show
Sister: No. I think two hours of TV is enough for you!
Brother: Fine. What do you want me to do
Sister: Could you take out the rubbish, fold the clothes and do the dishes
2d
Brother: So much
Sister: Yes, because Mom will be back from shopping any minute now. And she won’t be happy if she sees this mess.
Brother: But the house is already pretty clean and tidy!
Sister: Yes, well, it’s clean, but it’s not
“mother clean”!
Read 2d and answer the questions.
1. What is Tony doing
2. What does his sister want him to do
3. Where is their mother
.
4. How will his mother feel when she sees this mess
5. What are Tony and his sister going to do next
He is watching TV.
She wants him to help out with a few things/chores.
She goes shopping.
She won’t be happy/ She’ll be angry.
They are going to do the chores.
Ask and answer
Complete the following passage with the first letters given according to 2d.
Reading Comprehension
Tony’s mother goes s_______ and she’ll be b_____
soon. His sister is afraid their mother will be a______
when she sees the m____ in their house. Tony
watches TV for 2 h_____. He thinks the house is
p____ clean, but her sister doesn’t have the same
idea. She asks Tony to help out with the c_____
like t_____ out the trash.
hopping
ack
ngry
ess
ours
retty
hores
aking
Make polite requests and give permission
Yes, you can.
Sure./ Certainly
of course/All right.
No problem.
That should be OK.
肯定回答
Sorry, I can't,
I'm afraid not,
I'd love o ,but
否定回答
Could you (please) + V-原形
表示委婉地提出请求, 这里的could 不是表示一般过去时, 而是表示委婉的语气,比can更客气。
Language points
1. Tony, could you please help out with a few things
help sb. out (with sth.) 是一个动词短语，意思是：
“帮助某人解决难题, 帮助某人摆脱困境,”
1.My sister often hekps me out with my maths problems我姐常常帮我解决数学难题。
2. She used to help out with washing in the hotel.
她经常帮助那家旅馆洗东西。
2. Could I at least finish watching this show
1) at least “至少”, 多指数量或程度上的最低限度。其反义词组为at most, 即“至多,不超过”。
e.g. We should brush our teeth at least once a day.
2) finish “完成;, 后接名词/代词/动词-ing形式,
I must finish my work before I go home.
We hope to finish planting the trees by four o'clock.
He finished reading the article this morning.
3. I think two hours of TV is enough for you!
two hours of TV意为“看两小时的电视”,作主语，谓语动词用单数。
当时间、长度、距离、数量做主语时，谓语动词用单数。e.g.
Two months is quite a long time.
The number of the students in Class One is 55 .
4. … Mom will be back from shopping any minute now.
1) any minute now 相当于“随时；马上；在任何时候”之意,
e.g. The plane is ready to take off any minute now.
She is going to be here any moment now,
2) be back 回来，与come back意思相近
e.g. You must be back/come back by 4 o'clock.
5. And she won’t be happy if she sees this mess.
1) mess “脏乱, 凌乱”, 可数名词, 一般用单数。
常用短语：
a mess of 一大堆 in a mess 乱七八糟;
make a mess 把…弄糟/弄乱
What a mess!真是一团糟！
Summary:
1. phrases: do the dishes sweep the floor
take out the rubbish make your bed
clean the living room fold your clothes
2. Make polite requests and give permission
polite requests
permission
--Could you please
do the dishes
--Sure\All right\No problem
--Sorry, but I have to.
--Could I stay out late
--Sure.\All right\No, problem
--No, you can’t.\ …
一、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
1.Amy often helps her mother___ __ ____
(洗餐具)after dinner.
2.Please remember to _____ ___ _____(整理床铺)after you get up.
3.我能搭便车吗？可以。
Could I___ ___ ____ Of course.
4.-- 我能用你的电脑 -- 抱歉，现在我正在使用
-- Could I____ ___ __________
-- Sorry, I’m _______ ___ it now.
do the dishes
make the bed
get a ride
use your computer
Working on
小试牛刀
二、根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。
1.爸爸让我不要在外呆到很晚。
Father asks me not to _______ __________ .
2. 这个工作有点无聊，不过至少报酬还行。
The job is a bit boring but _____ ______ the pay is OK.
3.你能和我们外出就餐吗？
Could you please __________ ___ _____ with us
stay
at least
go out for dinner
out late
1. List the phrases about doing chores in the part.
2. Make a conversation about doing chores, using the pattern “Could you please … ”
Thank you.
