译林版（2020）必修第三册：Unit2 Natural Disasters动词不定式(1)课件(17张）

(共17张PPT)
Unit2 语法精讲
——动词不定式作定语和结果状语
①Light travels faster than sound.
②Everything in the world is outside you but health belongs to yourself.
③Everyone who takes part in the activity will receive a medal.
谓语找一找
①Her job is to clean the hall.
②To tell you the truth,I don't like the way he talked.
③Written in a hurry, this article was not so good!
④They went to the park, singing and talking.
非谓语找一找
谓语找一找
非谓语动词包含四种形式：
①不定式：to do
②动名词：doing
③现在分词：doing
④过去分词：done
非谓语动词有两个重要的特点，第一是它是由动词构成的，另一方面它却不能在句子中作谓语部分。
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保留动词的某些特点，在句中可以作谓语之外的任何成分（主、表、宾、定、状、补、独立成分）。
动词不定式： （to） + do
否定式 not/never + （to） do
主动形式 被动形式
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
进行式 to be doing 无
完成进行式 to have been doing 无
不定式的具体形式
To do such things is foolish.
To see is to believe.
Xiao Li is a very nice person to work with.
He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left.
He asked me to help him.
She expressed a wish to make a change.
To tell you the truth, I don’t like you.
I am glad to hear the news.
They began to learn Japanese last winter.
不定式的用法
一. 动词不定式作定语
1. 动词不定式作定语，只能谓语所修饰词的后面。
We are looking for a house to live in.
It is a good chance to see your friends again.
I have a train to catch.
I have a lot of homework to do tonight.
2. 动词不定式作定语的用法
（1）动词不定式作定语表示还未发生的动作：
All the teachers to attend the meeting should wear the uniforms.
例：
I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train to catch.
I have a lot of homework to do.
I have something to say about this matter.
2. 动词不定式作定语的用法
（2）中心词是序数词、形容词最高级或only/the last/the next等，或被这些词修饰，后常用动词不定式作定语。
The next train to arrive was from NY.
He is the best man to do the job.
You were the last to come to the meeting.
2. 动词不定式作定语的用法
（3）抽象名词 ability, chance, opportunity, belief, way, courage, decison, hope, wish,dream 等后面常用动词不定式作定语。
Because of you, I finally got the courage to face the challenge.
His ability to get on well with people is his chief advantage.
2. 动词不定式作定语的用法
（4）something, nothing, anything等不定代词后常用动词不定式作定语。
Do you have anything to say
2. 动词不定式作定语的用法
（5）动词不定式有被动形式！
The decision __________(make) at the meeting is very important.
I wish ____________(love) by all.
注！在there be句型中，不定式用主动式或被动式均可，但一般用主动表被动。
There is nothing to worry / be worried about.
There is nothing (for me) to do today.
to be made
to be loved
二. 动词不定式作结果状语
1. 动词不定式作结果状语时，常用于一些特定的结构中：P99
too …to do…
so/such…as to do…
never to do …
adj/adv+ enough+ to do
例：He left his hometown when he was ten, never to return.
He is old enough to go to school.
2. 动词不定式作结果状语时往往还有“令人意想不到”的意思，其中“令人不愉快的结果”较为常见。动词不定式之前有时可以加上only或but only, 以加强语气。
The man looked up suddenly to find a leopard in the tree.
Yesterday I went to see her only to be told that she had left already.
用括号内词的适当形式填空
1.To tell the truth, everyone thought she was the most suitable woman_______(take)the job.
2.Unless you can sleep well，you will lose the ability________（focus).
3.Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one________(repair) first is the library.
4.He hurried to the booking office,only_________(tell) that the tickets had been sold out.
5.You may have chances________(meet) new people who'll become your lifelong friends.
6.-Who are you waiting for -The professor_________(give) us a lecture in half an hour.
7. A housewarming party is a special party________(hold) when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house.
8.That is the only way we can imagine_________(reduce) the overuse of water in students' bathrooms.
9.The lecture is coming to an end. Do you have anything__________(ask)
10. Mary rushed home immediately she heard the news, only _____(find) that her husband was gone.