2022届中考英语阅读话题：脱贫攻坚（共五篇含答案解析）

2022届中考英语阅读话题分类练：脱贫攻坚
一、阅读单选
Poverty(贫困) is a big problem around the world. But China has done a good job of dealing with it and it has found its own way to fight poverty. Instead of just giving money to poor people, it has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty. Ordinary people play a big role in the fight. Here are two of them.
Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue(追求) education since she traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17. As a teacher, Zhang was heartbroken when she saw her students quit school after finishing senior high school. They couldn’t go to college because their families couldn’t afford it. So in 2008, Zhang started after school for poor girls. Since then, Zhang has been busy asking for donations to provide money for the school. She has convinced(说服) parents to send their daughters back to school. The school has sent more than 1,800 students to universities and colleges.
When Mao Xianglin started to work as the Party secretary of his village, there was only one pathway out of the village for many years. He led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands. It took them seven years to build an eight-kilometer road. Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges. Last year, their orange yield(产量) was nearly 40 tons. Young people have returned to the village to sell oranges online. By the end of 2019, 269 villagers had been lifted out of poverty. The per capita income(人均收入) reached 12,670 yuan, 40 times more than in the 1990s.
Over the last eight years, 98.99 million rural people have been lifted out of poverty. The 832 counties(县) and l28,000 villages which these people live in are no longer in poverty. China has been responsible for reducing 70 percent of poverty worldwide since the late 1970s.
1．What does the underlined word “quit” mean in Paragraph2
A．leave B．help C．dislike D．build
2．What do you know about Mao Xianglin according to the text
A．He works as a teacher in the village. B．He did two things to help the villagers.
C．He encouraged the villagers to sell oranges. D．He led villagers to build a road with some tools.
3．What is the purpose of using the numbers in the last paragraph
A．To praise the spirits of model workers.
B．To show great achievements against poverty.
C．To spread the ways of fighting against poverty.
D．To describe the experiences of fighting against poverty.
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．The teacher helped the poor areas out of poverty by giving materials.
B．The per capita income in the village was more than 500 in the 1990s.
C．The young people who stayed in the village grew oranges in the past.
D．Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue education for over 40 years.
Recently, an elderly woman touched many people’s hearts. She was honored (给与奖励) as a role model in China’s fight against poverty (贫穷). Her name is Xia Sen.
Over the past years, 98-year-old Xia Sen has given away most of her personal savings to help students from poor families in Danfeng, Shaanxi, and Shangyou, Jiangxi get an education.
Born in 1923, Xia was only 15 years old when she became a teacher in Yan’an. While teaching she kept learning. Years later, she went to work as a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
In 2006, Xia visited Xijie Primary School in Danfeng. The school was old and in bad condition. That made her very sad. She spent 20,000 yuan buying desks and books for the students.
In 2008, she took out 200,000 yuan and helped Zhaogou Primary School in Danfeng build a classroom building. It is a building with eight bright and clean classrooms, which is a complete change from what their old classrooms looked like.
Five years later, Xia used 1 million yuan of her savings to set up the “Xia Sen Scholarship (夏森助学金)” to help high school and college students from poor families in Danfeng and Shangyou. So far, at least 182 students have gotten help from the scholarship to pay for their education.
Some students who got Xia’s scholarship went to Xia’s home to visit her in 2018. To their surprise, Xia and her husband led a very simple life. “I was moved by Granny Xia and her husband,” one student said.
Though Xia and her husband have given away most of their savings to help the poor students, they always say that what they have done is far from enough. Xia often says her life is much better than her life in Yan’an. Now her only hope is that she can help more students.
5．The underlined word “savings” means ________ in Chinese.
A．救助 B．避免 C．储蓄 D．减少
6．What happened when Xia was 15 years old
A．She left Yan’an. B．She went to college.
C．She became a teacher. D．She studied in Danfeng.
7．What did Xia do for Zhaogou Primary School
A．She gave away 20,000 yuan to it. B．She gave talks to encourage its students.
C．She bought desks and books for its students. D．She helped build a classroom building for it.
8．Which can be the best title for the text
A．A big honor B．A big change C．A role model D．An elderly couple
On Feb 25, 2021, President Xi Jinping announced that China has made a “complete victory” in fighting against poverty (贫困). Over the past eight years, the last 98.99 million people have shaken off poverty, which was one of the goals of the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016-2020).
China has found its own way to fight poverty. ________ to lift themselves out of poverty. Ordinary people and good partnerships (合作) play a big role. President Xi honored role models and places in the fight. Here are two of them.
Zhang Guimei, 64
Principal of the Huaping Senior High School for Girls in Lijiang, Yunnan
Zhang moved from Heilongjiang to Yunnan at the age of 17. She has been helping girls get educated for more than 40 years.
As a teacher, Zhang was heartbroken when she saw her students look for jobs after finishing senior high school. They couldn’t go to college because their families couldn’t afford it.
So in 2008, Zhang started a free school for poor girls. Since then, Zhang has been busy asking for donations to provide money for the school. She has convinced parents to send their daughters back to school. The school has sent over 1,800 students to universities and colleges.
Minning Town
Yongning county, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
Minning town is a good example of China’s “pair-up” practice (结对模式). Rich eastern provinces are paired up with poor areas to fight poverty. Fujian Province has been helping Ning since 1997. It sent 183 officials and around 2,000 experts education and medical care to Ningxia.
People in Minning used to live a poor life in the mountains. After moving to the town, they learned to grow mushrooms from experts. Young people went to Fujian factories to make money. Now the town lives on mushroom farming and winemaking. In 2020, the per capita (人均) yearly income of people reached 14,960 yuan. The population of Minning grew from 8,000 to 66,000. The TV series Minning Town ( 《山海情》) tells their story.
9．What does the underlined word “convinced” most probably mean in Chinese
A．答应 B．说服 C．强迫 D．准许
10．Which of the following is mentioned in the passage
A．The population of Minning grew because of many experts from Fujian province.
B．Zhang Guimei was heartbroken when her students were weak in their schoolwork.
C．People in Minning have developed their sightseeing tour (观光旅游) in the mountains.
D．Zhang Guimei is honored because she keeps providing free education for poor girls.
11．Which of the following is the best for the blank (空白处) in Paragraph 2
A．It has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need.
B．It has made all kinds of plans to improve Chinese life habits.
C．It has given money and sent different experts to the poor people.
D．It has managed to build many schools and move to the town.
12．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage
A．A Complete Victory B．Fighting Against Poverty
C．Zhang Guimei And Minning Town D．Poverty Is A Big Problem
The year 2019 marked the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Over the past 70 years, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), China has experienced historic changes and made great achievements.
The nation has experienced great economic (经济的) growth in the past seven decades.
In 1978, China’s GDP was the 11th highest in the world. In 2010, China overtook Japan to become the second-largest economy in the world after the US. The country is still in that position now.
With China’s entry into the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001, the country has become a major power for world economic growth. Since 2002, it has helped the world economy grow by nearly 30% on average (平均). Today China is the world’s largest exporter (出口国) and the second-largest importer (进口国), according to China Daily.
In fighting poverty (贫穷) in recent decades, China has made historic achievements and become a major contributor to the improvement of people’s lives around the world. To reduce (减少) poverty, the Chinese government has done a lot of work. It built roads, created jobs, and gave people better education and medical services. The country has promised to eradicate (根除) extreme (极端) poverty by 2020, and to date, more than 800 million Chinese have been lifted out of poverty, China Daily noted.
As for education, many Chinese are going abroad to study and do research. Over 600,000 Chinese went abroad to study in 2018, according to China Daily. China has also set up 536 Confucius Institutes (孔子学院) in more than 150 countries. Many foreign students are learning Chinese language and culture there.
13．What do we know about China’s economy
A．China’s economy is the second-largest in the world. B．China’s economy overtook Japan’s for one year.
C．China’s GDP reached its highest level in 1978. D．China is the world’s largest importer and exporter.
14．What has China done to reduce poverty
a. Built roads.
b. Created more jobs.
c. Given people money.
d. Improved medical services.
e. Provided free college education.
A．abe B．abd C．acd D．bce
15．What is the last paragraph about
A．How many Chinese students are studying abroad. B．Why China has set up Confucius Institutes.
C．China’s development in education. D．China’s support for foreign students.
16．What is this article mainly about
A．How great China’s economy is. B．How China has fought poverty.
C．How China’s education has changed. D．The achievements China has made.
Poverty（贫穷）is a big problem in the world, but China has done a good job to deal with it and made the proud achievement. During fighting poverty, we’ve been moved by many heroes.
Helping Girls ◆Zhang Guimei ◆Lijiang, Yunnan ◆Many girls couldn’t go to school because they were very poor. ◆Mrs. Zhang started a girl school for free and helped over 1, 800 girls go to college.
Building a Road ◆Mao Xianglin ◆Wushan, Chongqing ◆Villagers lived on the 1, 000﹣meter﹣high cliffs（悬崖峭壁）. So it took them three days to walk to the nearest town in the past. ◆Mr. Mao led villagers to build a road with their hands for 7 years. Now they spend just an hour driving to the nearest town. Local people can sell fruit to other places conveniently.
Planting Mushrooms（蘑菇） ◆Chen Zaiming ◆Jingdong Yi, Yunnan ◆This place was famous for its wild mushrooms. But villagers didn’t know how to grow them. ◆Mr. Chen taught villagers to plant mushrooms and helped them make over 5 million yuan.
Chinese Achievements ◆832 counties（县）and 128 , 000 villages are no longer in poverty. ◆98.99 million villagers have been lifted out of poverty in the past 8 year. ◆China is responsible for reducing 70 percent of poverty since the late 1970s all over the world.
17．Who helped girls go to college？A．Zhang Guimei. B．Mao Xianglin. C．Chen Zaiming. D．All above.
18．How did people go to the nearest town in Wushan, Chongqing in the past？
A．On foot. B．By bus. C．By car. D．By train.
19．Which place was well﹣known for wild mushrooms in the text？
A．Lijiang. B．Wushan. C．Jingdong Yi. D．Not mentioned.
20．How many villagers have been lifted out of poverty in the past 8 years in China？
A．832. B．1, 800. C．12,8000. D．98,990,000.
21．Which of the following is TRUE？
A．Girls didn’t want to go to school in Lijiang, Yunnan.
B．It takes people three hours to drive to the nearest town in Wushan now.
C．People used to be good at growing wild mushrooms in Jingdong Yi.
D．China has got the greatest achievement on lifting out of poverty.
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参考答案：
1．A
2．B
3．B
4．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文介绍了中国在脱贫攻坚战中取得了胜利，文中具体描述了两个典型事例：张桂梅为贫困女生开办免费学校；毛相林带领100多名村名用手修路致富。
1．
词义猜测题。根据“Zhang was heartbroken when she saw her students quit school after finishing senior high school. They couldn’t go to college because their families couldn’t afford it.”可知，当她看到她的学生高中毕业之后因为家庭贫困上不起大学而心碎，所以单词quit指的是“离开，放弃”，故选A。
2．
细节理解题。根据“He led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands. It took them seven years to build an eight-kilometer road. Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges.”可知，毛相林为村民们做了两件事，一件是带领村民修路，另一件是鼓励村民们种橘子，故选B。
3．
推理判断题。根据“Over the last eight years, 98.99 million rural people have been lifted out of poverty. The 832 counties(县) and l28,000 villages which these people live in are no longer in poverty. China has been responsible for reducing 70 percent of poverty worldwide since the late 1970s.”可知，使用列数字的方式是为了说明中国在脱贫道路上取得的成绩，故选B。
4．
推理判断题。根据“Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue(追求) education since she traveled to Yunnan at the age of 17.”可知，她从17岁开始就帮助女孩们接受教育，而图片中显示是64岁，所以说她帮助女孩们接受教育已经40多年了，故选D。
5．C
6．C
7．D
8．C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了“全国脱贫攻坚楷模”夏森退休后资助贫困学生的光荣事迹。
5．
词义猜测题。根据“Over the past years, 98-year-old Xia Sen has given away most of her personal savings to help students from poor families”可知，98岁的夏森把自己的个人积蓄捐赠出去帮助穷人家的学生们。故选C。
6．
细节理解题。根据“Xia was only 15 years old when she became a teacher in Yan’an.”可知，夏森15岁的时候成为了延安的一名教师。故选C。
7．
细节理解题。根据“In 2008, she took out 200,000 yuan and helped Zhaogou Primary School in Danfeng build a classroom building.”可知，夏森帮助赵沟小学修建了一座教学楼。故选D。
8．
最佳标题题。根据“She was honored (给与奖励) as a role model in China’s fight against poverty (贫穷). Her name is Xia Sen.”可知，本文主要介绍了“全国脱贫攻坚楷模”夏森的光荣事迹。故选C。
9．B
10．A
11．A
12．A
【解析】
【分析】
本文讲述了2021年2月25日，习近平副主席宣布中国在消除贫困的斗争中取得了彻底胜利，中国找到了自己的脱贫之路。重点介绍了张桂梅老师的事迹和宁夏回族自治区永宁县闽宁镇。
9．
词句猜测题。根据“Asking for donations to provide money for the school. She has convinced parents to send their daughters back to school. The school has sent over 1,800 students to universities and colleges.”可知，学校寻求了捐助，她说服家长们将女孩们送回到学校，并已向各大高校输送了1800多名学生。所以此处convinced的意思是“说服”，故选B。
10．
推理判断题。根据“It sent 183 officials and around 2,000 experts education and medical care to Ningxia.”和“The population of Minning grew from 8,000 to 66,000.”可知，福建从1997年开始帮助宁夏，派出183名官员和约2000名专家到宁夏进行教育和医疗服务，到2020年为止，闽宁镇人口从8000人增长到66000人。所以由于许多来自福建的专家，闽宁镇的人口有了增长，故选A。
11．
推理判断题。分析“China has found its own way to fight poverty…to lift themselves out of poverty. Ordinary people and good partnerships (合作) play a big role.”可知，中国已经找到了自己的脱贫之路，普通人和好的合作伙伴发挥了重要的作用，所以此处应是介绍采用什么方法是民众脱贫，选项A“它试图教育人们，给他们提供他们需要的工具”符合语境，故选A。
12．
最佳标题题。本文以张桂梅老师的事迹和宁夏回族自治区永宁县闽宁镇为例，来说明中国在扶贫斗争中取得了彻底胜利，选项A“彻底的胜利”符合主题，故选A。
13．A
14．B
15．C
16．D
【解析】
【分析】
2019年是中华人民共和国成立70周年。本文介绍了中国的发展，以及为了对抗贫穷做出的努力。
13．
细节理解题。根据“In 2010, China overtook Japan to become the second-largest economy in the world after the US. ”可知2010年，中国超过日本，成为仅次于美国的世界第二大经济体。故选A。
14．
细节理解题。根据“ It built roads, created jobs, and gave people better education and medical services. ”可知为了减少贫穷，中国修路、增加工作机会、给人们更好的教育和医疗。因此abd符合。故选B。
15．
主旨大意题。根据“As for education, many Chinese are going abroad to study and do research. ”可知此段介绍了中国在教育方面的发展。故选C。
16．
主旨大意题。第一段总领全文，根据第一段最后一句话“Over the past 70 years, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), China has experienced historic changes and made great achievements.”可知本文主要介绍了中国的改变和成就。故选D。
17．A
18．A
19．C
20．D
21．D
【解析】
【分析】
本文讲述了中国在脱贫战斗中涌现出的英雄以及他们所做出的贡献。
17．
细节理解题。根据“Zhang Guimei…Mrs.Zhang started a girl school for free and helped over 1, 800 girls go to college”可知，张贵梅帮助女孩们上学，故选A。
18．
细节理解题。根据“Wushan, Chongqing…So it took them three days to walk to the nearest town in the past.”可知，过去重庆巫山的人们去最近的镇上，需要步行去，故选A。
19．
细节理解题。根据“Jingdong Yi, Yunnan…This place was famous for its wild mushrooms.”可知，云南省的景东彝族自治县因为野生蘑菇而出名，故选C。
20．
细节理解题。根据“98.99 million villagers have been lifted out of poverty in the past 8 year.”可知，8年来，9899万村民实现了脱贫。故选D。
21．
推理判断题。根据“Poverty（贫穷）is a big problem in the world, but China has done a good job to deal with it and made the proud achievement.”可知，中国在脱贫方面已经取得了伟大的成就，故选D。
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