动词的时态和语态—2022年中考英语二轮复习理重点、攻难点专项特训（含答案）

（7）动词的时态和语态——2022届中考英语一轮复习理重点、攻难点专项特训
一、单选题
1.There _________ a book sale in our school next month.
A. will be B. will have C. is going to have D. has
2.The documentary Aerial China(《航拍中国》) is wonderful. So far, I _______ it three times.
A. watched B.will watch C. have watched D.watch
3.—What is your plan for next weekend, Lingling
—I _____ volunteer work in the museum.
A. was doing B. did C. have done D. am going to do
4.—Peter, what are you doing
—Oh, I _________ a report about national heroes.
A. will write B. am writing C. wrote D. have written
5.—I _____ when you called me at 8:00 last night.
—No wonder you didn't pick it up.
A. was taking a shower B. am taking a shower
C. took a shower D. take a shower
6.The earth is a planet and it _____ around the sun.
A. goes B. go C. will go D. went
7.When my father made the phone call, my grandmother ____ her flowers in the garden.
A. waters B. watered C. was watering D. has watered
8.—Where are your brothers
—They all ________ to my aunt's ________ me.
A.have been; besides B.have gone; except
C.have gone; besides D.have been; except
9.My hometown _______ a lot in the past twenty years. I think it still has a long way to go.
A. changes B. will change C. was changing D. has changed
10.We are not sure if it ________ tomorrow. If it ________, we won’t go hiking.
A.will rain; rains B.will rain; will rain C.rains; rains D.rains; will rain
11.Some flowers ______ in our school every year.
A. plant B. are planting C. are planted D. were planted
12.—Who directed this movie
—It________ by Zhang Yimou in 1999.
A. is directed B.directs C. was directed D. directed
13.Every year many trees ______ along the streets to make our city more beautiful.
A.plant B.have planted C.are planted D.were planted
14.Do you know when the first train _____ in China
A. was produced B. is produced C. produced D. produce
15.—Did you go to Alice's birthday party
—I didn't, because I _____.
A. didn't invite B. wasn't invited
C. won't invite D. won't be invited
16.The result of the school chemistry competition ________ in five minutes.
A. will announce B. was announced C. has announced D. will be announced
17.These cakes _____ with chocolate. Have one, please.
A.fill B.filled C.are filled D. were filled
18.Some people think trees _________ on Tree Planting Day only.
A. should plant B. should be planted C. should be plant D. should be planting
19.Many Chinese poems _____ by popular singers.
A.is singing B. are singing C. is sung D. are sung
20.A new international airport _______ in the city next year.
A. completes B. is completed
C. will complete D. will be completed
二、完形填空
My father told me that there used to be a forest near our town. But the farmer who owned the forest 1 trees every year until one year, there were no trees left.
One day, our teacher took us out and we had a 2 in the field where the forest used to be. While eating and drinking, we 3 about the beautiful forest we once had. One of my classmates comes from a tribe(部落) that lived in the west of our country. He told us what he thought about the change. "It makes me really 4 to learn that a forest has disappeared. My people have taught me to 5 think seven generations(七代人) in the future. That's to say, when we do something to the land, we should never 6 it. We must care about nature and leave it good enough for later generations."
When we heard what he said, we kept 7 first. "Let's plant some trees!" said our teacher after a moment. "It will be a good 8 !" So that's what we did. For the rest of the spring, we worked hard and we planted thousands of trees.
That was five years ago. Today, when I stand in that field which was once empty, I see 9 about as tall as I am. It's great to see how we've 10 the field. It taught us the power of thinking about the future.
1.A.cut up B.cut down C.looked for D.looked after
2.A.picnic B.test C.wish D.lesson
3.A.planned B.feared C.knew D.talked
4.A.tired B.excited C.sad D.hopeful
5.A.sometimes B.always C.seldom D.never
6.A.protect B.hurt C.study D.sell
7.A.thankful B.happy C.silent D.shy
8.A.start B.mistake C.mess D.warning
9.A.trees B.leaves C.grass D.flowers
10.A.broken B.bought C.wasted D.changed
三、阅读理解
It is reported that some developed countries have shipped broken parts of computers to China. Last month Hong Kong officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones sent from Japan.
Things like these are called electronic waste, or e-waste. Dealing with them is not an easy job. Every time an old computer breaks down, it needs to be dealt with safely. However, at present, broken computer parts are usually buried. It may be hundreds of years before they are really gone on earth. Many places in China are polluted by e-waste. Guiyu in Guangdong Province is one of them. This town is named as “the e-waste capital of the world”. It has to deal with 1.5 million kilograms of e-waste each year. Many of the poisons in e-waste find their way into the environment. An environmental group has found the air, the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly polluted.
Luckily, the Chinese government begins to take actions to change the situation. This year, China has passed a new environmental protection puter companies like Lenovo and Dell are asked to recycle their old computers. Hopefully, the problem with e-waste will be solved in the near future.
1.The e-waste found in Hong Kong last month was from ________.
A.France B.Japan C.America D.Germany
2.The town of Guiyu in Guangdong Province ________.
A.is the electronic capital of the world B.has serious e-waste pollution
C.spends much money on e-waste D.has the most serious pollution in the world
3.This year, the Chinese government has ________.
A.closed some computer companies B.asked people to hand in their old computers
C.made a new environmental protection law D.buried a lot of old computers
4.The passage is mainly about ________.
A.the e-waste problem in China B.the cost of burning e-waste
C.the ways to deal with e-waste D.the place of e-waste
答案以及解析
一、单选题
1.答案：A
解析：考查there be句型。句意:下个月我们学校将举行运动会。There be句型的将来时态为there will be或there is going to be; there和have不可以同时出现在一个句子中。根据题干There a sports meeting in our school next month.可知next month下个月,句子是一般将来时,应说下个月我们学校将举行运动会。故选A。
2.答案：C
解析：本题考查动词时态。句意: 纪录片《航拍中国》很棒。到现在为止, 我已经看了三遍了。根据题干中出现的现在完成时的标志词So far可知应选C。
3.答案：D
解析：根据问句中的时间状语next weekend, 可知是询问下周末的打算, 故用一般将来时态回答, 其结构为"will+动词原形"或"is/am/are going to+动词原形"。故选D。
4.答案：B
解析：本题考查动词时态。根据问句的时态可知, 答语的时态应为现在进行时, 表示现在正在做某事。
5.答案：A
解析：根据when you called me at 8:00 last night知,此处应用过去进行时,故选A项。
6.答案：A
解析：句意为:地球是一颗行星,它绕着太阳转。本句描述的是客观事实,因此用一般现在时。主语it是第三人称单数,因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选A项。
7.答案：C
解析：句意：当我的爸爸打电话时，我的祖母正在花园里浇花。考查动词的时态。waters浇花，一股现在时第三人称单数；watered一般过去时;was watering过去进行时;has watered现在完成时。分析句子结构和语境可知，在打电话的时候祖母正在花园里浇花。在过去某一时刻正在发生的事，应该用过去进行时，故选C。
8.答案：B
解析：句意:—你的兄弟们在哪里 —除了我他们都去了我姑姑家。考查时态以及介词辨析。have/has gone to...表示"去了某地, 尚未回来"; have/has been to...表示"去过某地, 已回来"。根据问题可知, 兄弟们还没有回来, 故先排除A和D; except出来......, 表示不包括在内; besides除......之外, 还有......, 表示包括在内。由问答可知, 说话人没有去姑姑家, 应用except。故选B。
9.答案：D
解析：本题考查现在完成时的用法，其构成是have/has+动词的过去分词。在过去的几年里，她的家乡改变了很多。in the past few years经常和现在完成时连用。
10.答案：A
解析：句意:我们不确定明天是否会下雨。如果下雨,我们就不去远足了。考查从句时态,第一句是if引导的宾语从句,主句为一般现在时,从句不受其限制,根据“tomorrow”一词,可知应该用一般将来时will rain;第二句是if引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现的原则,可知这里应该用一般现在时,主语为it,谓语应该用三单形式rains,故选A。
11.答案：C
解析：提示：句意为“在我们学校每年都种一些花”。flowers与plant为被动关系。
12.答案：C
解析：句意：一这部电影是谁导演的？一1999年由张艺谋导演的。考查一般过去时的被动语态。is directed一般现在时的被动语态；directs第三人称单数形式；was directed一般过去时的被动语态； directed过去式或过去分词。由问句中的directed可知句子时态用一般过去时，主语it和动词direct之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；一般过去时的被动语态结构为：
was/Were+动词的过去分词，主语是it，单数，用was, direct过去分词是directed；故答案选C。
13.答案：C
解析：句意:为了使我们的城市更加美丽, 每年在街道上都种上许多树。plant种植, have planted现在完成时; are planted被动语态的一般现在时; were planted被动语态的一般过去时。主语和谓语动词之间指动宾关系, 所以用被动语态, 根据every year可知用一般现在时, 故选C。
14.答案：A
解析：考查动词的时态和语态。the first train和动词之间是动宾关系，用被动语态。句意：你知道在中国第一辆火车是什么时候制造的吗？根据句意用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
15.答案：B
解析：没有去参加聚会是因为没有“被邀请”,应用被动语态,排除A、C;再根据语境可知应使用一般过去时。故选B。
16.答案：D
解析：句意为“学校的化学竞赛结果将在5分钟后公布”。句中主语 The result与谓语动词 announce是被动关系，应用被动语态，故选D。
17.答案：C
解析：考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：这些蛋糕充满了巧克力。请尝一块。此处 cakes与fill之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。 be filled with意为"被……充满"；且根据语境可知，此句时态为一般现在时。故选C。
18.答案：B
解析：考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意：一些人认为应该只在植树节那天种树。 think后接的宾语从句中，trees作主语，与动词 plant之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，即 should+be+动词的过去分词。故选B。
19.答案：D
解析：句意:许多中国诗歌被受欢迎的歌手演唱。由句意知,句子主语poems是动作sing的承受者,应用被动语态,排除A、B;且句子主语poems为复数,谓语动词也应用复数。故选D。
20.答案：D
解析：考查时态和语态。主语airport与动词complete之间为动宾关系，应该使用被动语态；根据句中的时间状语next year判断使用一般将来时。故选D。
二、完形填空
答案：1-5 BADCB 6-10 BCAAD
解析：1.考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的"there were no trees left"可知，此处指农民每年都要砍树。A项意为"切碎"；B项意为"（自根基部分）砍倒"；C项意为"寻找"；D项意为"照顾"。故选B。
2.考查名词辨析。根据下文中的"While eating and drinking"可知，此处指老师带他们去野餐。A项意为"野餐"；B项意为"测验"；C项意为"希望"；D项意为"课程"。故选A。
3.考查动词辨析。根据下文作者和老师同学们的对话可知，此处指他们谈论起他们曾经拥有的那片美丽的森林。talk about意为"谈论"，符合语境。故选D。
4.考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的"a forest has disappeared"可知，此处指森林消失了，作者的同学感到很伤心。A项意为"疲倦的"；B项意为"兴奋的"；C项意为"难过的"；D项意为"抱有希望的"。故选C。
5.考查副词辨析。根据下文中的"We must care about nature and leave it good enough for later generations."可知，此处指作者的同学的族人教导他要始终考虑未来的七代人。A项意为"有时候"；B项意为"永远，始终，一直"；C项意为"很少"；D项意为"永不，从不"。故选B。
6.考查动词辨析。根据上文语境及下文中的"we must care about nature"可知，此处指人们不应该损害土地。A项意为"保护"；B项意为"危害，损害，对……产生不良影响"；C项意为"学习"；D项意为"出售"。故选B。
7.考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的"said our teacher after a moment"可知，此处指听了那位同学的话，作者和同学们先是沉默不语。A项意为"感激的"；B项意为"高兴的"；C项意为"沉默的"；D项意为"害羞的"。故选C。
8.考查名词辨析。根据语境及下文中的"For the rest of the spring，we worked hard and we planted thousands of trees."可知，此处指植树是一个好的开始。A项意为"开始"；B项意为"错误"；C项意为"混乱"；D项意为"警告"。故选A。
9.考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指作者和同学们五年前在这里种了许多树，现在这些树跟作者一样高。A项意为"树"；B项意为"树叶"；C项意为"草"；D项意为"花"。故选A。
10.考查动词辨析。根据种树前后的景象可知，此处指作者很高兴看到他们改变了这块地。A项意为"打破"；B项意为"买"；C项意为"浪费"；D项意为"改变"。故选D。
三、阅读理解
答案：1-4 BBCA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据“Last month Hong Kong officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones sent from Japan”可知,上个月香港官员发现很多来自日本的电子垃圾,故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据“Many places in China are polluted by e-waste. Guiyu in Guangdong Province is one of them”可知,广东省贵屿被电子垃圾污染,故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据“This year, China has passed a new environmental protection law”可知,中国政府今年制订了一项新的环境保护法律,故选C。
4.主旨大意题。根据“ Hopefully, the problem with e-waste will be solved in the near future”及全文的内容可知,本文主要是关于中国的电子垃圾问题,故选A。