牛津译林版（2019）必修第三册Unit 1 Nature in the balance>Extended reading课件（24张PPT）

(共24张PPT)
Extended reading
News that Matters: pollution in Norgate
Unit 1 Nature in the balance
Language Points
1. Joining us in the studio tonight are James Smith, a local resident; ... (Lines 3-4)
有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词或过去分词置于句首，从而构成全部倒装。
窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。
站在教室前面的是我们的数学老师。
Standing in front of the classroom was our Maths teacher.
By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand.
完全倒装的基本形式是“谓语+主语”，主要涉及以下几种类型：
1、here类
当表示地点的here和 there位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come, go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词。如：
Here’s Tom.
Here comes the bus.
There goes the bell.
There goes the last train.
这类倒装句的主语只能是名词，若主语为代词，则不能倒装。如：
Here it comes. 它来了。
完全倒装
2、away类
副词away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up 等位于句首时，其后也用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词。如：
Away went the runners.
Round and round flew the plane.
The door opened and in came Mr Smith.
Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas.
这类倒装句的主语也只能是名词，若主语为代词，则不用倒装。如：
Away he went. 他跑远了。
Down it came. 它掉了下来。
3、状语或表语类
为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，有时可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主语和谓语完全倒装。如：
Among these people was his friend Jim.
On the table sat a little bird.
在表语置于句首的这类倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。比较：
In the box was a cat.
In the box were some cats.
4、非谓语动词类
有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成倒装。如：
Standing beside the table was his wife.
Buried in the sands was an ancient village.
To be carefully considered are the following questions.
2. The smog in the air has colored the sky a smoky grey; it’s also given me a cough that I can’t get rid of.
smog n. 雾霾，烟雾
缩合构词法: 由 smoke和fog两个词各取一部分缩合而成的一个新词。
brunch = breakfast + lunh 早午餐
motel = motor + hotel 汽车旅馆
get rid of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉
be rid of sth./sb. 摆脱某人/某事物 (rid adj.)
rid sb. / sth. of sb. / sth. (formal) 去除，清除 (rid v.)
* (2020天津高考) Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents.
多亏了英国发明的静音机，你可以在不打扰男孩或他的父母的情况下消除声音。
* Further measures will be taken to rid our streets of crime.
进一步的措施将被采取来防止街头犯罪。
* He wanted to rid himself of the burden of the secret.
他想把秘密说出来，让自己得到解脱。
(1)It's time we ________________the drawback of the electronic product.该是我们除去这一电子产品的缺点的时候了。(2)To _________________, I suggest you eat some sugars and fruit to remove your attention.为了戒烟，我建议你吃一点糖和水果来转移你的注意力。(3)Now the air pollution is so serious that we have to make up our minds to __________ this harmful haze.现在空气污染如此严重，我们得下决心清除这害人的雾霾。
get rid of smoking
got rid of
get rid of
Practice
3. Mr Smith protested against heavy industry. (Line 15)
protest v. (about/aganist/at sth) (公开）反对；抵抗；坚决地表示，申辩
=make a protest against... 对..... 提出抗议
(2) without protest 心甘情愿地
under protest 不情愿地，极不乐意地
* Some consumers protested about the bad service in the shop.
一些消费者对商店服务质量提出了抗议。
*The protests became more violent and many people were panicked into leaving the country.
抗议变得更加激烈，吓得许多人离开了那个国家。
There's no use _________(protest). I won't change my mind.
Students took to the streets to protest ___________ the decision.
She has always protested her ____________. (innocent)
Ben accepted his punishment ________________.
protesting
at/against
innocence
without protest
Practice
4. …irresponsible businessmen eager to make huge profits.
profit n.&v. 利润；收益；(得到)好处
make/earn a profit 盈利
A profit B = B profit from A A使B获益
profitable adj. 有利可图的；有益的
They sold it easily and made a hefty profit.
他们毫不费力地卖掉了它，得到了一笔可观的利润。
Profit will most likely have risen by about $25 million.
利润将极有可能增长约2500万美元。
5. In defence of the factories, however, I’d like to point out that we also try to control the amount of pollution we produce.
defence n. 防御，保护；防守；辩护；国防
in defence of /in one’s defence 为……辩护；保卫……
defend v. 保卫；防守；辩护；维护
defend… against/from… 保卫……免受……
What points can be raised in defence of this argument
有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护呢？
They fought in defence of their country.
他们为保卫祖国而战。
They were fighting like lions ______________ their homeland.
He was placed ______________the department..
Many countries are _____________vaccine against COVID-19.
While listening to others, you can nod your head to show you are ___________ the idea.
__________ great effort, we failed to carry out the plan at last.
In such urgent situation, physicians' assistants are being used ___________ doctors.
She had had the foresight to prepare herself financially ___________ an accident.
in defense of
in charge of
in need of
in favor of
in place of
Practice
根据句意, 用in+n.+of 的形式补充合适的短语。
In spite of
In case of
6. We’ve been taking various measures, including the use of new technologies, to reduce pollution in the production process , even though these measures raise our production costs.
句中的even though意为“即使,尽管”,用来引导让步状语从句，even though可用even if替换。
[易混辨析]even if/ though, as if/ though
even if/ though表示“即使,尽管”，引导让步状语。
as if/ though表示“似乎，好像”，引导表语从句或方式状语从句。
* (2019浙江高考)Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups , they make very different music. 尽管所有的音乐团体都有一种共同的精神，但他们创作的音乐却大不相同。* But even if/ though an event is organized carefully, things can go wrong.即使赛事筹划得很细致，事情仍可能出错。* It sounds as if you have grown apart from Tom.听起来好像你和汤姆之间产生了隔阂。
Translation
7. With pollution levels on the rise, the Norgate Environmental Protecton Committee... (Lines 28)
with 的复合结构是一种很有用的表达方式，经常用在句中表状态或者说明背景情况，常做伴随、方式、条件、原因状语。
The man was walking in the street, with a book _______________. (在胳膊下）
With this problem _________ (解决了), the vaccine is now in regular production.
He felt more uneasy with all the classmates _____________(盯着他看).
under his arm
solved
staring at him
Practice
So in the afternoon, with nothing ________(do), I went to a store.
Now that we've discussed the issue, are people happy with the dicision________(take)？
With the ___________(product)up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
The day in March is bright, with a fresh breeze ______(blow).
She had to walk home with her bike ________(steal).
He wondered if he could slide out of the lecture hall without anyone ______________(notice) him.
to do
taken
production
blowing
stolen
Practice
noticing
8. We also work hand in hand with other branches of ...
(Line 36)
类似的短语:
面对面
心连心
背靠背
肩并肩
一步一步
以眼还眼, 以牙还牙
face to face
heart to heart
back to back
shoulder to shoulder
step by step
eye to eye, tooth to tooth
9. A former UN official once said…these are one and the same fight.
一位联合国前官员曾经说过…… 这些就是同一场战斗。
former adj. 从前的；昔日的，前任的；
latter adj. 后者的；后面的
the former… the latter… 前者……后者……
Her father was the former editor of the Saturday Review.
她的父亲是《星期六评论》的前任主编。
The former option would be much more sensible.
前一种选择要明智得多。
Many support the former plan, but personally I favour the latter one.
很多人赞同第一种方案，但我更倾向后第二种。
10. The fortunes of our environment and our economy are inseparable ... (Lines 49-50)
in + separat(e) + able 不可分离的，休戚与共的
deny
avoid
escape
dispense
believe
avail
undeniable
unavoidable
inescapable
indispensable
unbelievable
unavailable
rapid development
get rid of
protest against
tend to
in defence of
point out
speak for
be concerned about
take measures
高速发展
摆脱；去除
反对；对…提出抗议
总是，往往
为……说话/辩护；防护
指出，指明
要求…得到；代表…讲话
对…担忧
采取措施
短语积累
draw attention to
on the rise
observe policy
community-wide effort
golden rule
lift people out of poverty
advance economic growth
a human community with a shared future
吸引对…的注意力
加重；上涨
遵守政策
全社会的努力
黄金法则
让人们摆脱贫困
推动经济增长
人类命运共同体