2022届上海高考英语二轮专题复习完形填空巩固强化2上下文语篇 练习（含答案）

完形填空巩固强化1——上下文语篇
段内上下文信息
经典例题1
If you plan to start your career as a secretary, be aware that this job is undergoing tremendous ___53___. In offices where secretaries have not already been eliminated, the ___54D___ role of a clerk is now unrecognizable. Most bosses ___55B___ their own mails and meetings and travel plans, thanks to e-mail and the Internet, so secretaries are ___56A___ taking on higher-level tasks such as drafting contracts and handling customer service problems. Those willing to expand their ___57A ___ should do well.
53. A. troubles B. pains C. tests D. changes
54. A. active B. small C. useful D. traditional
55. A. await B. handle C. transfer D. classify
56. A. increasingly B. unwillingly C. diligently D. intentionally
57. A. horizons B. activities C. organization D. operations
试一试
Over the loudspeakers we were told the plane was ready to leave and were asked to walk out to it. Everybody moved quickly in order to get the seats they wanted. I was unable to get a seat near the tail, but the plane looked strong inside than it did from outside. I fastened my seat belt before we took off and tried to forget my nervousness. After an hour’s flying I noticed black clouds ahead through my window. My ______ immediately returned.
A. sadness B. forgetfulness C. nervousness D. excitement
经典例题2
The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece. If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsal(彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing __50____.
What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, ___51D___ revising. Andrew Lloyd Webbster’s musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.
50. A. technique B. style C. process D. career
52. A. in particular B. as a result C. for example D. in other words
试一试
The top thing is to grow more big trees as these greatly ___58A___ the volume of vegetation in the garden and a lot of ___59D___ means a lot of places to live and a lot of things to eat. ___60B___, create a pond for insects and frogs. Think before stocking it with fish which will eat insect eggs. Also, it is not wise to light up the garden at night with bright lawn lamps, which will ___61B___ many night creatures. Finally, don’t be too tidy: don’t be ___62D___ to clear up everything when the garden stops flowering. Just ___63B___ a bit of things lying around.
To sum up, people who want to turn their gardens into wildlife refuges should ___64___ and let the grass grow tall, the flowers turn to seed and trees expand skyward.
58. A. occupy B. increase C. limits D. reduce
59. A. vegetation B. reservation C. preparation D. decoration
60. A. By contrast B. As a result C. In other words D. In addition
61. A. block B. disturb C. benefit D. protect
62. A. in a mess B. in a way C. in a hurry D. in a while
63. A. forget B. remove C. avoid D. leave
64. A. escape B. relax C. strive D. retire
课堂精练
(1)
Finally, for many editors, ______ is an important factor, too. They prefer stories about people, places and events which their readers know. That’s why the stories in Tokyo’s newspapers are often very different from the stories printed in Paris, Cairo, New York or Buenos Aires.
A. personality B. similarity C. uniqueness D. familiarity
(2)
There are different ways for a consumer to maintain her or his rights. When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some way does not match the manufacturer’s claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty (保单), or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various ______ the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.
A simple and common method used by many consumers is to find the store manager and complain directly to him. In general, the stronger the consumer takes his or her complaints, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer’s favor, if he or she has just reasons.
A. decisions B. means C. excuses D. views
(3)
When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing: Is my main idea or purpose clear throughout my draft Do I ever lose sight of my purpose Have I given my readers all of the ______ that is, facts, opinions, inferences -- that they need in order to understand my main idea Finally, have I included too many unnecessary details that may confuse readers
A. angles B. evidence C. information D. hints
(4)
……The logic behind cultivating customer loyalty is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to keeping them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. Established customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price sensitive, and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it _______ for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.
A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenient
(5)
Those who ___1___ globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. ___2___, small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in ___3___ open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.
Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually...
1. A. doubt B. define C. advocate D. ignore
2. A. In addition B. For instance C. In other words D. All in all
3. A. mature B. new C. local D. foreign
(6)
People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another___1___, subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble (绊脚) and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his ___2___; sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely to ___3___ aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In ___4___ these and other research findings, two themes are ___5___: we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think ___6___ assistance.
In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. ___7___, in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be ___8___, but had apparently been "lost". The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very ___9___ person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to ___10___ the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.
The degree of ___11___ between the potential helper and the person in need is also important. For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a (n) ___12___ T-shirt than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive words.
Whether a person receives help depends in part on the "worth" of the case. For example, shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone. ___13___ to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for ___14___ than cookies. Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be ___15___ rather than drunk.
1. A. study B. way C. word D. college
2. A. hand B. arm C. face D. back
3. A. refuse B. beg C. lose D. receive
4. A. challenging B. recording C. understanding D. publishing
5. A. important B. possible C. amusing D. missing
6. A. seek B. deserve C. obtain D. accept
7. A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example
8. A. printed B. mailed C. rewritten D. signed
9. A. talented B. good-looking C. helpful D. hard-working
10. A. send in B. throw away C. fill out D. turn down
11. A. similarity B. friendship C. cooperation D. contact
12. A. expensive B. plain C. cheap D. strange
13. A. time B. instructions C. money D. chances
14. A. shoppers B. research C. children D. health
15. A. talkative B. handsome C. calm D. sick
(7)
Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, ___1___, words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often ___2___ the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business -- ___3___ that the customer remains a customer.
___4___ to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing ___5___, this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.
Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the ___6___ implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big ___7___ in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to ___8___ increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.
In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and ___9___ never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in ___10___ profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).
The logic behind cultivating customer ___11___ is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to ___12___ them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. ___13___ customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price ___14___, and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it ___15___ for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.
1. A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all
2. A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe
A. denying B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving
A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing
A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses
A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical
A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. difference
A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget
A. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary
A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable
A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest
A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting
A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected
A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive
A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenient
完形填空巩固强化1——上下文语篇
段内上下文信息
经典例题1
If you plan to start your career as a secretary, be aware that this job is undergoing tremendous ___53___. In offices where secretaries have not already been eliminated, the ___54D___ role of a clerk is now unrecognizable. Most bosses ___55B___ their own mails and meetings and travel plans, thanks to e-mail and the Internet, so secretaries are ___56A___ taking on higher-level tasks such as drafting contracts and handling customer service problems. Those willing to expand their ___57A ___ should do well.
53. A. troubles B. pains C. tests D. changes
54. A. active B. small C. useful D. traditional
55. A. await B. handle C. transfer D. classify
56. A. increasingly B. unwillingly C. diligently D. intentionally
57. A. horizons B. activities C. organization D. operations
【解题思路】本段第一句话就是论述的中心，按照写作的要求，下文应是对中心的解释、展开和发展。所以，要通读本段来确认53空的正确答案。从第二句的unrecognizable, 第三句的their own, higher-level等信息可以推断出秘书的工作正在经历巨大变化，因此，53空应选D。
试一试
Over the loudspeakers we were told the plane was ready to leave and were asked to walk out to it. Everybody moved quickly in order to get the seats they wanted. I was unable to get a seat near the tail, but the plane looked strong inside than it did from outside. I fastened my seat belt before we took off and tried to forget my nervousness. After an hour’s flying I noticed black clouds ahead through my window. My ______ immediately returned.
A. sadness B. forgetfulness C. nervousness D. excitement
【答案 】C
【解题思路】本段按照事情的发展顺序描述的，事情的发展过程描述的很清楚，最后三句的关键词tried to forget my nervousness, noticed black clouds ahead, 可顺利推断空格处应该是nervousness。
经典例题2
The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece. If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsal(彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing __50____.
What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, ___51D___ revising. Andrew Lloyd Webbster’s musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.
50. A. technique B. style C. process D. career
52. A. in particular B. as a result C. for example D. in other words
【解题思路】本题是通过利用段间信息解题的典型。上段空格所需的词在本段中无法找到信息，但可以在下段找到相关信息。下段末句such process 指的是前一句的adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, ___51D___ revising.而这里的revising 与第一段的revising 是同一个词，指的是process的一部分，因此，50空答案应选C。
试一试
The top thing is to grow more big trees as these greatly ___58A___ the volume of vegetation in the garden and a lot of ___59D___ means a lot of places to live and a lot of things to eat. ___60B___, create a pond for insects and frogs. Think before stocking it with fish which will eat insect eggs. Also, it is not wise to light up the garden at night with bright lawn lamps, which will ___61B___ many night creatures. Finally, don’t be too tidy: don’t be ___62D___ to clear up everything when the garden stops flowering. Just ___63B___ a bit of things lying around.
To sum up, people who want to turn their gardens into wildlife refuges should ___64___ and let the grass grow tall, the flowers turn to seed and trees expand skyward.
58. A. occupy B. increase C. limits D. reduce
59. A. vegetation B. reservation C. preparation D. decoration
60. A. By contrast B. As a result C. In other words D. In addition
61. A. block B. disturb C. benefit D. protect
62. A. in a mess B. in a way C. in a hurry D. in a while
63. A. forget B. remove C. avoid D. leave
64. A. escape B. relax C. strive D. retire
【答案 】64 C
【解题思路】64空所在段落提供的信息太少，不足以选出正确答案，所以应该读上段。上段第二句到第四句都是作者做出的具体细致的提议，而下段第一句的To sum up就提示我们本句是对上文的总结，因此people who want to...的人应该努力， 选C。
课堂精练
(1)
Finally, for many editors, ______ is an important factor, too. They prefer stories about people, places and events which their readers know. That’s why the stories in Tokyo’s newspapers are often very different from the stories printed in Paris, Cairo, New York or Buenos Aires.
A. personality B. similarity C. uniqueness D. familiarity
【Keys】D
【解题思路】关键词which their readers know
(2)
There are different ways for a consumer to maintain her or his rights. When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some way does not match the manufacturer’s claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty (保单), or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various ______ the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.
A simple and common method used by many consumers is to find the store manager and complain directly to him. In general, the stronger the consumer takes his or her complaints, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer’s favor, if he or she has just reasons.
A. decisions B. means C. excuses D. views
【Keys】B
【解题思路】关键词，下段的methods
(3)
When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing: Is my main idea or purpose clear throughout my draft Do I ever lose sight of my purpose Have I given my readers all of the ______ that is, facts, opinions, inferences -- that they need in order to understand my main idea Finally, have I included too many unnecessary details that may confuse readers
A. angles B. evidence C. information D. hints
【Keys】C
【解题思路】关键词，that is, facts, opinions, inferences
(4)
……The logic behind cultivating customer loyalty is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to keeping them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. Established customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price sensitive, and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it _______ for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.
A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenient
【Keys】B
【解题思路】关键词，上文的Established customers tend to buy more
(5)
Those who ___1___ globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. ___2___, small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in ___3___ open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.
Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually...
1. A. doubt B. define C. advocate D. ignore
2. A. In addition B. For instance C. In other words D. All in all
3. A. mature B. new C. local D. foreign
【Keys】CBC
【解题思路】
1.关键词，benefit from new opportunities
2. small farmers in Brazil是small and home-based businesses中的一种
3. 关键词，now promote their goods worldwide
(6)
People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another___1___, subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble (绊脚) and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his ___2___; sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely to ___3___ aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In ___4___ these and other research findings, two themes are ___5___: we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think ___6___ assistance.
In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. ___7___, in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. The application was ready to be ___8___, but had apparently been "lost". The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very ___9___ person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to ___10___ the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive.
The degree of ___11___ between the potential helper and the person in need is also important. For example, people are more likely to help a stranger who is from the same country rather than a foreigner. In one study, shoppers on a busy street in Scotland were more likely to help a person wearing a (n) ___12___ T-shirt than a person wearing a T-shirt printed with offensive words.
Whether a person receives help depends in part on the "worth" of the case. For example, shoppers in a supermarket were more likely to give someone. ___13___ to buy milk rather than to buy cookies, probably because milk is thought more essential for ___14___ than cookies. Passengers on a New York subway were more likely to help a man who fell to the ground if he appeared to be ___15___ rather than drunk.
1. A. study B. way C. word D. college
2. A. hand B. arm C. face D. back
3. A. refuse B. beg C. lose D. receive
4. A. challenging B. recording C. understanding D. publishing
5. A. important B. possible C. amusing D. missing
6. A. seek B. deserve C. obtain D. accept
7. A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example
8. A. printed B. mailed C. rewritten D. signed
9. A. talented B. good-looking C. helpful D. hard-working
10. A. send in B. throw away C. fill out D. turn down
11. A. similarity B. friendship C. cooperation D. contact
12. A. expensive B. plain C. cheap D. strange
13. A. time B. instructions C. money D. chances
14. A. shoppers B. research C. children D. health
15. A. talkative B. handsome C. calm D. sick
【Keys】1-15 ACDCA BDBBA ABCDD
(7)
Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, ___1___, words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often ___2___ the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business -- ___3___ that the customer remains a customer.
___4___ to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing ___5___, this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost.
Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the ___6___ implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big ___7___ in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to ___8___ increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.
In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and ___9___ never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in ___10___ profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience).
The logic behind cultivating customer ___11___ is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to ___12___ them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits. ___13___ customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price ___14___, and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it ___15___ for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.
1. A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all
2. A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe
A. denying B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving
A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing
A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses
A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical
A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. difference
A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget
A. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary
A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable
A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest
A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting
A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected
A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive
A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenient
【Keys】 1-15 BCBDA CDCAB BCCDB