2022届上海高考英语二轮专题复习定语从句巩固强化练习（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2022届上海高考英语二轮专题复习定语从句巩固强化练习（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 20.7KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 上教版（2020） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-03-11 07:35:16 | ||
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定语从句强化练习
关系词 先行词 从句成分 备 注
关系代词 who 人 主 whom, which, that 在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that
whom 人 宾
whose 人或物 定
that 人或物 主，宾
which 物 主，宾
as 人或物 主，宾 as做宾语一般不省略
关系副词 when 时间 时间状语 可用on which
where 地点 地点状语 可用in which
why 原因 原因状语 可用for which
【基础练习】
1. My connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ________ I was the first Western TV reporter.
2. I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ________ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.
3. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market ________ people from the towns met regularly.
4. The books on the desk, ________ covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
5. The next day, my brother and I went to the beach ________ we watched some people play volleyball.
6. These children are often from broken families ________ ________ there is no father figure.
【Keys】1.when 2.that/which 3.where 4.whose 5.where 6.in which
【强化练习】
(A) 中译英
Translate the following sentences by using attributive clauses.
1. 趁一切还来得及，去赞美你爱着、关心着的人吧。 (before)
2. 昨天我把那台不能用的空调退还给了出售它的商店。(where)
3. 鼓励市民买电动汽车，这从长远来看将有助于促进低碳经济。(which)
4. 正如之前预料的一样，参与家长会的很多家长自告奋勇承担了校园检查员的职务。(as)
5. 她注视着市长消失的那个出口，然后环顾四周看看其他人对市长的缺席有何反应。(through)
【Keys】
1. Compliment (Pay compliments to) those you love and care for/about before it is too late.
2. Yesterday I returned the useless air-conditioner to the shop where it was sold /I bought it.
3. Citizens are encouraged to buy electronic cars, which, in the long run, will help to promote the low-carbon economy.
4. As was expected beforehand, many parents who attended the parents’ meeting volunteered to take on the responsibility of campus inspectors.
5. She stared at the exit through which Mayor had disappeared and then looked around to see how others reacted to his absence.
(B) 写作应用
1) 简单句合并为定语从句
1. The funny film distracted my attention. I forgot the difficult problem for the time being.
2. How to protect our eyesight is an important question. Every teenager should know the answer.
3. These photos remind of the hard days. At that time, we stuck to our goals regardless of all the difficulties.
【Keys】
1. The funny film distracted my attention, which made me forget the difficult problem for the time being.
2. How to protect our eyesight is an important question whose answer every teenager should know.
3. These photos remind of the hard days when we still stuck to our goals regardless of all the difficulties.
2) 定语从句的简化
1. Free tickets for the gallery are available online to those who are interested in oil paintings.
2. Extreme climates have come to our daily lives, which causes great losses all over the world Climate changes resulting in floods, droughts, hurricanes.
3. There is no proof that children who receive good education children can surely be very successful people in the future.
4. Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, keeps some of its stores open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.
【Keys】
1. Free tickets for the gallery are available online to those interested in oil paintings.
2. Extreme climates have come to our daily lives, causing great losses all over the world Climate changes resulting in floods, droughts, hurricanes.
3. There is no proof that children with good education/well-educated children can surely be very successful people in the future.
4. Walmart, one of the largest American supermarket chains, keeps some of its stores open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.
(C) 阅读应用----定语从句在长难句中的识别与处理
1. Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the confidence that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are admired by others.
解析：上面这个句子中confidence是that这个关系词的先行词。that紧跟在其所修饰的先行词之后。
参考译文：因为这些青少年正在适应他们变化的身体和大量新的智力和情感方面的挑战，他们的自我意识特别强烈，他们需要自信，这种自信来自于取得成动，来自知道自己的成绩受人羡慕。
2. Changes in the social structure may indirectly affect juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that lead to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment in general make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain.
解析：这个句子中that修饰先行词changes，但是中间加了一个in the economy介词短语做定语。
参考译文：社会结构的变化会间接影响青少年犯罪率。比如，经济变化所导致的青年就业机会减少和失业率上升通常会使得他们更难找到赚钱的工作。
3. The explosion is also calculated to have produced vast quantities of nitric acid (硝酸) and melted rock that sprayed out over much of Earth, starting widespread fires that must have consumed most terrestrial forests and grassland.
解析：定语从句：melted rock that sprayed out over much of Earth，关系代词that引导定语从句，指代melted rock，在从句中作主语。
定语从句：starting widespread fires that must have consumed most terrestrial forests and grassland. 关系代词that引导的定语从句，指代 widespread fires，在从句中作主语。
参考译文：据估计，爆炸过程还产生了大量的硝酸和被溶解的岩浆并喷出地球外，同时造成了大面积火灾，烧毁了大部分的森林和草原。
4. Probably there is not one here who has not in the course of the day had occasion to set in motion a complex train of reasoning, of the very same kind, though differing in degree, as that which a scientific man goes through in tracing the cause of natural.
解析：定语从句who has not…natural phenomenon修饰先行词one，在这个定语从句中，of the very same kind…as that…作为后置定语修饰a complex train of reasoning；as that which…中的that是先行词，被which所引导的定语从句修饰。
参考译文：大概这里每一个人在一整天里都有机会进行一连串的思考活动，这些思考活动同科学家探索自然现象原因时所经历的思考活动比较，虽然复杂程度不同，但类型完全一样。
5. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.
解析：这个句子冗长且结构复杂，很难理清，大家应该本着先找主干的原则首先确定主干，然后再去观察修饰的其他成分。句子的主干为：Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased…shareholders as a class, (which was) an element…另外这句话的难点还在于其主语和宾语都有较长的短语和of结构限定，并且分句是由两个and相连的3个部分组成的。分句an element…landowners 又带有两个定语从句，一个是(which was) representing…，另一个是(which was)detached…可见，定语从句的难点在于经常省略“引导词+be”的结构，从而在理解上容易和分词结构相混淆。
参考译文：对资本和企业的这种大规模的非个人操纵大大增加了股东作为一个阶级的数量和重要性。这个阶层作为国计民生的一部分，代表了非个人责任的财富与土地及土地所有者应尽义务的分离，而且也几乎与责任管理相分离。
关系词 先行词 从句成分 备 注
关系代词 who 人 主 whom, which, that 在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that
whom 人 宾
whose 人或物 定
that 人或物 主，宾
which 物 主，宾
as 人或物 主，宾 as做宾语一般不省略
关系副词 when 时间 时间状语 可用on which
where 地点 地点状语 可用in which
why 原因 原因状语 可用for which
【基础练习】
1. My connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ________ I was the first Western TV reporter.
2. I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ________ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.
3. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market ________ people from the towns met regularly.
4. The books on the desk, ________ covers are shiny, are prizes for us.
5. The next day, my brother and I went to the beach ________ we watched some people play volleyball.
6. These children are often from broken families ________ ________ there is no father figure.
【Keys】1.when 2.that/which 3.where 4.whose 5.where 6.in which
【强化练习】
(A) 中译英
Translate the following sentences by using attributive clauses.
1. 趁一切还来得及，去赞美你爱着、关心着的人吧。 (before)
2. 昨天我把那台不能用的空调退还给了出售它的商店。(where)
3. 鼓励市民买电动汽车，这从长远来看将有助于促进低碳经济。(which)
4. 正如之前预料的一样，参与家长会的很多家长自告奋勇承担了校园检查员的职务。(as)
5. 她注视着市长消失的那个出口，然后环顾四周看看其他人对市长的缺席有何反应。(through)
【Keys】
1. Compliment (Pay compliments to) those you love and care for/about before it is too late.
2. Yesterday I returned the useless air-conditioner to the shop where it was sold /I bought it.
3. Citizens are encouraged to buy electronic cars, which, in the long run, will help to promote the low-carbon economy.
4. As was expected beforehand, many parents who attended the parents’ meeting volunteered to take on the responsibility of campus inspectors.
5. She stared at the exit through which Mayor had disappeared and then looked around to see how others reacted to his absence.
(B) 写作应用
1) 简单句合并为定语从句
1. The funny film distracted my attention. I forgot the difficult problem for the time being.
2. How to protect our eyesight is an important question. Every teenager should know the answer.
3. These photos remind of the hard days. At that time, we stuck to our goals regardless of all the difficulties.
【Keys】
1. The funny film distracted my attention, which made me forget the difficult problem for the time being.
2. How to protect our eyesight is an important question whose answer every teenager should know.
3. These photos remind of the hard days when we still stuck to our goals regardless of all the difficulties.
2) 定语从句的简化
1. Free tickets for the gallery are available online to those who are interested in oil paintings.
2. Extreme climates have come to our daily lives, which causes great losses all over the world Climate changes resulting in floods, droughts, hurricanes.
3. There is no proof that children who receive good education children can surely be very successful people in the future.
4. Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, keeps some of its stores open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.
【Keys】
1. Free tickets for the gallery are available online to those interested in oil paintings.
2. Extreme climates have come to our daily lives, causing great losses all over the world Climate changes resulting in floods, droughts, hurricanes.
3. There is no proof that children with good education/well-educated children can surely be very successful people in the future.
4. Walmart, one of the largest American supermarket chains, keeps some of its stores open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.
(C) 阅读应用----定语从句在长难句中的识别与处理
1. Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the confidence that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are admired by others.
解析：上面这个句子中confidence是that这个关系词的先行词。that紧跟在其所修饰的先行词之后。
参考译文：因为这些青少年正在适应他们变化的身体和大量新的智力和情感方面的挑战，他们的自我意识特别强烈，他们需要自信，这种自信来自于取得成动，来自知道自己的成绩受人羡慕。
2. Changes in the social structure may indirectly affect juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that lead to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment in general make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain.
解析：这个句子中that修饰先行词changes，但是中间加了一个in the economy介词短语做定语。
参考译文：社会结构的变化会间接影响青少年犯罪率。比如，经济变化所导致的青年就业机会减少和失业率上升通常会使得他们更难找到赚钱的工作。
3. The explosion is also calculated to have produced vast quantities of nitric acid (硝酸) and melted rock that sprayed out over much of Earth, starting widespread fires that must have consumed most terrestrial forests and grassland.
解析：定语从句：melted rock that sprayed out over much of Earth，关系代词that引导定语从句，指代melted rock，在从句中作主语。
定语从句：starting widespread fires that must have consumed most terrestrial forests and grassland. 关系代词that引导的定语从句，指代 widespread fires，在从句中作主语。
参考译文：据估计，爆炸过程还产生了大量的硝酸和被溶解的岩浆并喷出地球外，同时造成了大面积火灾，烧毁了大部分的森林和草原。
4. Probably there is not one here who has not in the course of the day had occasion to set in motion a complex train of reasoning, of the very same kind, though differing in degree, as that which a scientific man goes through in tracing the cause of natural.
解析：定语从句who has not…natural phenomenon修饰先行词one，在这个定语从句中，of the very same kind…as that…作为后置定语修饰a complex train of reasoning；as that which…中的that是先行词，被which所引导的定语从句修饰。
参考译文：大概这里每一个人在一整天里都有机会进行一连串的思考活动，这些思考活动同科学家探索自然现象原因时所经历的思考活动比较，虽然复杂程度不同，但类型完全一样。
5. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.
解析：这个句子冗长且结构复杂，很难理清，大家应该本着先找主干的原则首先确定主干，然后再去观察修饰的其他成分。句子的主干为：Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased…shareholders as a class, (which was) an element…另外这句话的难点还在于其主语和宾语都有较长的短语和of结构限定，并且分句是由两个and相连的3个部分组成的。分句an element…landowners 又带有两个定语从句，一个是(which was) representing…，另一个是(which was)detached…可见，定语从句的难点在于经常省略“引导词+be”的结构，从而在理解上容易和分词结构相混淆。
参考译文：对资本和企业的这种大规模的非个人操纵大大增加了股东作为一个阶级的数量和重要性。这个阶层作为国计民生的一部分，代表了非个人责任的财富与土地及土地所有者应尽义务的分离，而且也几乎与责任管理相分离。