非谓语巩固强化 练习 2022届上海高考英语二轮专题复习（含答案）
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| 名称 | 非谓语巩固强化 练习 2022届上海高考英语二轮专题复习（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 25.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 上教版（2020） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-03-11 07:36:03 | ||
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非谓语强化练习
形式 语法功能 构成法 (以do为例) 与谓语动词的时间关系
主 语 宾 语 表 语 定 语 状 语 宾主补 时态语 态 主 动 被 动 先发生 同发生 后发生
不 定 式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 一般式 to do to be done √ √
√ √ √ √ √ √ 完成式 to have done to have been done √
√ √ √ √ √ √ 进行式 to be doing √
√ √ √ √ √ √ 完成进行式 to have been doing √
现在分词 √ √ √ √ 一般式 doing being done √
√ √ √ √ 完成式 having done having been done √
过去分词 √ √ √ √ 一般式 done √
动名词 √ √ √ √ 一般式 doing being done √ √
√ √ √ √ 完成式 having done having been done √
答题技巧
1.找出句中的动词。
2.找出句中的连接词(引导词)。如果用逗号隔开的两个部分都没有连接词的话，一部分是句子时，那么另一部分就一定是非句子，而非句子里的动词就是非谓语动词。
3.定语态：如果本句的主语(或动词自带的逻辑主语)与它是逻辑上的主谓关系，一般用V-ing形式；如果本句的主语(或动词自带的逻辑主语)与它是逻辑上的动宾关系(被动关系)，一般用V-ed形式。
4.定时态：如果非谓语的动作比谓语先(或先很久)发生，那么非谓语动词要用完成式(to have done/to have been done/ having done/ having been done)，否则我们要用非谓语的一般式(to do / to be done / doing / being done / done)。
【基础练习】
1. Customers don’t usually find store clerks ________ (sit) around watching TV or playing cards.
2. Some people think that ________ (absorb) in virtual reality does great harm to us.
3. Studies have also shown that the skills ________ (use) in playing games can cause growth in certain areas of the brain, the ability ________ (think) in 3D and even improve our eyesight.
4. A new study adds to the evidence, ________ (show) that nearly half of women who kick the habit while pregnant will become smokers once again.
5. We’ve been experimenting with the scheme for six months in the London area and the results are very ________ (encourage).
6. Egyptians didn’t have sweet soft drinks and foods that contribute to tooth decay, but the stones ________ (employ) to make flour for bread brought a lot of sand to their diet, which damaged their teeth.
7. Staff at the centre will then contact the owner ________ (confirm) that the car really is missing, and keep the police informed of the vehicle’s movements via the car’s GPS unit.
8. Our life is a brief period ________ (measure) some seventy or eighty years in all. So a day or an hour ________ (waste) is therefore so much life lost.
9. ________ (not give) a written permission, he had to write another letter to the president of the university.
10. ________ (occupy) himself in carrying out an experiment, he can’t spare time to look after his children.
【Keys】1.sitting 2.being absorbed 3.used, to think 4.showing 5.encouraging 6.brought 7.to confirm 8.measuring, wasted 9.Not having been given 10.Occupying
【强化练习】
中译英
1. 环保组织呼呼公众投票反对这个项目。(appeal)
2. 为了赶时髦，一些年轻人花费一个月的工资去购买新发行的电子产品。(spend)
3. 沿外滩一路缓步走来，你可以欣赏到从19世纪到21世纪的各种不同风格的欧式建筑。(range)
4. 随着各种支付方式的出现，许多人越来越担心的是，和现金或信用卡相比，他们的电子钱包是否足够安全。(concern)
5. 看到照片中这位父亲不顾自己，在倾盆大雨中为他的孩子撑伞，网民们 (netizens) 情不自禁想起了自己的父亲。(regardless)
【Keys】
1. The environmental protection organization appeals to the public to vote against this project.
2. To follow the fashion, some young people spend one-month salary in buying a newly-released electronic product.
3. Walking slowly along the Bund, you can appreciate all kinds of European architecture / buildings of different styles, ranging from the 19th century to the 21st century.
4. With various payment methods emerging, what many people are more and more concerned about is whether their e-wallets are safe enough, compared with cash or credit card.
5. Seeing the father holding an umbrella for his kid in the pouring/heavy rain regardless of himself in the photo, the netizens cannot help thinking/but think of their own fathers.
(B) 写作应用
1) 非谓语与从句间的转化
1. The rules of the game are so complicated that we can’t explain them in a few words.
2. If language learners can be exposed to English materials and develop good habits, they can enhance learning efficiency.
3. Once he had been appointed supreme commander, he took the stern measures expected of him.
4. The stranger, after he had discarded his jacket, moved threateningly towards me.
5. Since he was persuaded by our optimism, he gladly contributed time and money to the scheme.
6. The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
7. The substance, which was discovered almost by accident, has revolutionized medicine.
8. The case which will be investigated tomorrow is connected with the explosion.
9. When I realized that I had made a serious mistake, I made a sincere apology to the people present.
10. Directors and actors from all over the World have traveled all the way to gather here, which makes the film festival receive widespread attention and coverage.
【Keys】
1. The rules of the game are too complicated to explain/be explained in a few words.
2. For language learners, being exposed to English materials and developing good habits can enhance learning efficiency.
Or: Exposed to English materials and developing good habits, language learners can enhance learning efficiency.
3. (Once) appointed supreme commander, he took the stern measures expected of him.
4. The stranger, having discarded his jacket, moved threateningly towards me.
5. Persuaded by our optimism, he gladly contributed time and money to the scheme.
6. The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
7. The substance, discovered almost by accident, has revolutionized medicine.
8. The case to be investigated tomorrow is connected with the explosion.
9. Realizing that I had made a serious mistake, I made a sincere apology to the people present.
10. Directors and actors from all over the World have traveled all the way to gather here, making the film festival receive widespread attention and coverage.
2)其他形式
1. When we heard the news that we would have a holiday, we were all excited.
2. If you communicate with your parents often, the generation gap between you can be narrowed.
3. Spring is coming and the park is filled with people.
4. As we take the special needs of the athletes, the breakfast is served till 10 o'clock.
5. As soon as I saw these colorful fruit bowls, they reminded me of the happy childhood.
【Keys】
1. Hearing the news that we would have a holiday, we were all excited.
Or: At the news that we would have a holiday, we were all excited.
2. Communicating / To communicate / Communication with your parents often/ from time to time can narrow the generation gap (between you).
3. With the coming of spring, the park is filled with people/ is full of people.
4. Considering/ In view of the special needs of the athletes, the breakfast is served till 10 o'clock.
5. These colorful fruit bowls caught my eye, reminding me of the happy childhood.
Or: The sight of these colorful fruit bowls reminded me of the happy childhood.
(C) 阅读应用----非谓语在长难句中的识别与处理
Part 1. 找出谓语动词和非谓语动词
1. Moreover, recent research on obsidian (黑曜石) tools found at Olmec sites has shown that some of the obsidian obtained by the Olmecs originated near Teotihuacan.
谓语动词：has shown, originated
非谓语动词：found, obtained
2. Although initially appealing, the hypothesis of a simple climatic change related to sea levels is insufficient to explain all the data.
谓语动词：is
非谓语动词：appealing, related, to explain
3. In the seventeenth century, the trading activities of the Dutch East India Company resulted in vast quantities of decorated Chinese porcelain being brought to Europe.
谓语动词：resulted
非谓语动词：being brought
4. A worsening of the plight of deer was to be expected as settlers encroached (蚕食，侵占) on the land, logging, burning, and clearing, eventually replacing a wilderness landscape with roads, cities, towns, and factories.
谓语动词：was, encroached
非谓语动词：logging, burning, clearing, replacing
5. The culture of that time, based on archaeology and linguistic reconstruction, is assumed to have had a broad inventory of cultivated plants including taro, yarns, banana, sugarcane, breadfruit, coconut, sago, and rice.
谓语动词：is assumed
非谓语动词：based, to have
Part 2. 分析下列长句结构
1. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements -- themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.
解析：句子主干是 Additional social stresses may also occur because of...简单句+because of 表示的原因状语。现在分词结构arising from作后置定语修饰problems；破折号后的themselves为mass migration movements的同位语，其后紧跟过去分词结构made…by…做后置定语。
参考译文：人口膨胀及大规模移民运动(其本身也因为现代交通工具而变得相对容易)引起的问题，也可能产生其他的社会压力。
2. The energy used to separate oxygen from air before burning is almost as great as that needed to filter out nitrogen (氮) afterwards, leading to a similar loss of efficiency.
解析：本句是一个简单句，为一个主系表结构The energy is almost as great as that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards，使用了as…as…结构，其中被比较的对象that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards中，that指代上文的energy，过去分词结构needed to…作后置定语体现被动。其中主语energy由过去分词结构used to separate oxygen from air before burning 作后置定语体现被动；句末的现在分词结构leading to a similar loss of efficiency作全句的结果状语。
参考译文： 燃烧前将氧气从空气中分离所需的能源几乎不亚于上述将氮气过滤所需的耗费，这就使得两者在效率损失上不相上下。
3. At the same time, operators of the first printing presses run by steam rather than by hand found it possible to produce a thousand pages in an hour rather than thirty.
解析：句子的主干：operators found it possible. 非谓语结构run by steam作后置定语，修饰printing presses。非谓语结构to produce a thousand pages in an hour rather than thirty为it指代的真正主语。
参考译文：同时，第一批通过蒸汽运行而不是通过手动的蒸汽印刷厂的操作者们发现在一个小时内生产一千张纸是有可能的，而不需要三十小时。
4. The study shows that nearly half the organizations featured in the Times Top 100 Graduate Employers plan to expand their graduate programs this year, increasing the total number of vacancies available for new graduates by more than 10 percent compared with 2006 recruitment levels.
解析：本句是复合句。逗号前为主句，是主谓宾结构，其中谓语shows的宾语由that引导的名词性从句that nearly half the organizations featured in the Times Top 100 Graduate Employers plan to expand their graduate programs this year充当。现在分词结构increasing the total number of vacancies available for new graduates by more than 10 percent compared with 2006 recruitment levels为结果状语。句末的过去分词结构compared with 2006 recruitment levels作比较状语。
参考译文：研究表明，《时代》排名前100名的毕业生雇主单位中有将近一半计划今年将扩大毕业生接收规模，为新的毕业生增加可利用的空缺职位数量，这个数量与2006年的新成员水平相比，会增加10%以上。
5. Although these molecules (分子) allow radiation at visible wavelengths, where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated, to pass through, they absorb some of the longer-wavelength, infrared (红外线的) emissions radiated from the Earth’s surface, radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space.
解析：句子主干：they absorb some of the longer-wavelength. Although引导让步状语从句，allow something to do中间有插入语，即where引导的定语从句。Infrared emissions为longer-wavelength的同位语。非谓语结构radiated from为infrared emissions的后置定语。radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space是其前面的infrared emissions的同位语。
参考译文： 虽然这些分子允许可见波长的辐射(集中了阳光大部分能量)不受阻挡地穿过，但它们却会吸收某些更长波长的辐射，即从地球表面辐射出的红外线辐射(若没有被吸收则会被反射回太空)。
形式 语法功能 构成法 (以do为例) 与谓语动词的时间关系
主 语 宾 语 表 语 定 语 状 语 宾主补 时态语 态 主 动 被 动 先发生 同发生 后发生
不 定 式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 一般式 to do to be done √ √
√ √ √ √ √ √ 完成式 to have done to have been done √
√ √ √ √ √ √ 进行式 to be doing √
√ √ √ √ √ √ 完成进行式 to have been doing √
现在分词 √ √ √ √ 一般式 doing being done √
√ √ √ √ 完成式 having done having been done √
过去分词 √ √ √ √ 一般式 done √
动名词 √ √ √ √ 一般式 doing being done √ √
√ √ √ √ 完成式 having done having been done √
答题技巧
1.找出句中的动词。
2.找出句中的连接词(引导词)。如果用逗号隔开的两个部分都没有连接词的话，一部分是句子时，那么另一部分就一定是非句子，而非句子里的动词就是非谓语动词。
3.定语态：如果本句的主语(或动词自带的逻辑主语)与它是逻辑上的主谓关系，一般用V-ing形式；如果本句的主语(或动词自带的逻辑主语)与它是逻辑上的动宾关系(被动关系)，一般用V-ed形式。
4.定时态：如果非谓语的动作比谓语先(或先很久)发生，那么非谓语动词要用完成式(to have done/to have been done/ having done/ having been done)，否则我们要用非谓语的一般式(to do / to be done / doing / being done / done)。
【基础练习】
1. Customers don’t usually find store clerks ________ (sit) around watching TV or playing cards.
2. Some people think that ________ (absorb) in virtual reality does great harm to us.
3. Studies have also shown that the skills ________ (use) in playing games can cause growth in certain areas of the brain, the ability ________ (think) in 3D and even improve our eyesight.
4. A new study adds to the evidence, ________ (show) that nearly half of women who kick the habit while pregnant will become smokers once again.
5. We’ve been experimenting with the scheme for six months in the London area and the results are very ________ (encourage).
6. Egyptians didn’t have sweet soft drinks and foods that contribute to tooth decay, but the stones ________ (employ) to make flour for bread brought a lot of sand to their diet, which damaged their teeth.
7. Staff at the centre will then contact the owner ________ (confirm) that the car really is missing, and keep the police informed of the vehicle’s movements via the car’s GPS unit.
8. Our life is a brief period ________ (measure) some seventy or eighty years in all. So a day or an hour ________ (waste) is therefore so much life lost.
9. ________ (not give) a written permission, he had to write another letter to the president of the university.
10. ________ (occupy) himself in carrying out an experiment, he can’t spare time to look after his children.
【Keys】1.sitting 2.being absorbed 3.used, to think 4.showing 5.encouraging 6.brought 7.to confirm 8.measuring, wasted 9.Not having been given 10.Occupying
【强化练习】
中译英
1. 环保组织呼呼公众投票反对这个项目。(appeal)
2. 为了赶时髦，一些年轻人花费一个月的工资去购买新发行的电子产品。(spend)
3. 沿外滩一路缓步走来，你可以欣赏到从19世纪到21世纪的各种不同风格的欧式建筑。(range)
4. 随着各种支付方式的出现，许多人越来越担心的是，和现金或信用卡相比，他们的电子钱包是否足够安全。(concern)
5. 看到照片中这位父亲不顾自己，在倾盆大雨中为他的孩子撑伞，网民们 (netizens) 情不自禁想起了自己的父亲。(regardless)
【Keys】
1. The environmental protection organization appeals to the public to vote against this project.
2. To follow the fashion, some young people spend one-month salary in buying a newly-released electronic product.
3. Walking slowly along the Bund, you can appreciate all kinds of European architecture / buildings of different styles, ranging from the 19th century to the 21st century.
4. With various payment methods emerging, what many people are more and more concerned about is whether their e-wallets are safe enough, compared with cash or credit card.
5. Seeing the father holding an umbrella for his kid in the pouring/heavy rain regardless of himself in the photo, the netizens cannot help thinking/but think of their own fathers.
(B) 写作应用
1) 非谓语与从句间的转化
1. The rules of the game are so complicated that we can’t explain them in a few words.
2. If language learners can be exposed to English materials and develop good habits, they can enhance learning efficiency.
3. Once he had been appointed supreme commander, he took the stern measures expected of him.
4. The stranger, after he had discarded his jacket, moved threateningly towards me.
5. Since he was persuaded by our optimism, he gladly contributed time and money to the scheme.
6. The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
7. The substance, which was discovered almost by accident, has revolutionized medicine.
8. The case which will be investigated tomorrow is connected with the explosion.
9. When I realized that I had made a serious mistake, I made a sincere apology to the people present.
10. Directors and actors from all over the World have traveled all the way to gather here, which makes the film festival receive widespread attention and coverage.
【Keys】
1. The rules of the game are too complicated to explain/be explained in a few words.
2. For language learners, being exposed to English materials and developing good habits can enhance learning efficiency.
Or: Exposed to English materials and developing good habits, language learners can enhance learning efficiency.
3. (Once) appointed supreme commander, he took the stern measures expected of him.
4. The stranger, having discarded his jacket, moved threateningly towards me.
5. Persuaded by our optimism, he gladly contributed time and money to the scheme.
6. The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
7. The substance, discovered almost by accident, has revolutionized medicine.
8. The case to be investigated tomorrow is connected with the explosion.
9. Realizing that I had made a serious mistake, I made a sincere apology to the people present.
10. Directors and actors from all over the World have traveled all the way to gather here, making the film festival receive widespread attention and coverage.
2)其他形式
1. When we heard the news that we would have a holiday, we were all excited.
2. If you communicate with your parents often, the generation gap between you can be narrowed.
3. Spring is coming and the park is filled with people.
4. As we take the special needs of the athletes, the breakfast is served till 10 o'clock.
5. As soon as I saw these colorful fruit bowls, they reminded me of the happy childhood.
【Keys】
1. Hearing the news that we would have a holiday, we were all excited.
Or: At the news that we would have a holiday, we were all excited.
2. Communicating / To communicate / Communication with your parents often/ from time to time can narrow the generation gap (between you).
3. With the coming of spring, the park is filled with people/ is full of people.
4. Considering/ In view of the special needs of the athletes, the breakfast is served till 10 o'clock.
5. These colorful fruit bowls caught my eye, reminding me of the happy childhood.
Or: The sight of these colorful fruit bowls reminded me of the happy childhood.
(C) 阅读应用----非谓语在长难句中的识别与处理
Part 1. 找出谓语动词和非谓语动词
1. Moreover, recent research on obsidian (黑曜石) tools found at Olmec sites has shown that some of the obsidian obtained by the Olmecs originated near Teotihuacan.
谓语动词：has shown, originated
非谓语动词：found, obtained
2. Although initially appealing, the hypothesis of a simple climatic change related to sea levels is insufficient to explain all the data.
谓语动词：is
非谓语动词：appealing, related, to explain
3. In the seventeenth century, the trading activities of the Dutch East India Company resulted in vast quantities of decorated Chinese porcelain being brought to Europe.
谓语动词：resulted
非谓语动词：being brought
4. A worsening of the plight of deer was to be expected as settlers encroached (蚕食，侵占) on the land, logging, burning, and clearing, eventually replacing a wilderness landscape with roads, cities, towns, and factories.
谓语动词：was, encroached
非谓语动词：logging, burning, clearing, replacing
5. The culture of that time, based on archaeology and linguistic reconstruction, is assumed to have had a broad inventory of cultivated plants including taro, yarns, banana, sugarcane, breadfruit, coconut, sago, and rice.
谓语动词：is assumed
非谓语动词：based, to have
Part 2. 分析下列长句结构
1. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements -- themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.
解析：句子主干是 Additional social stresses may also occur because of...简单句+because of 表示的原因状语。现在分词结构arising from作后置定语修饰problems；破折号后的themselves为mass migration movements的同位语，其后紧跟过去分词结构made…by…做后置定语。
参考译文：人口膨胀及大规模移民运动(其本身也因为现代交通工具而变得相对容易)引起的问题，也可能产生其他的社会压力。
2. The energy used to separate oxygen from air before burning is almost as great as that needed to filter out nitrogen (氮) afterwards, leading to a similar loss of efficiency.
解析：本句是一个简单句，为一个主系表结构The energy is almost as great as that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards，使用了as…as…结构，其中被比较的对象that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards中，that指代上文的energy，过去分词结构needed to…作后置定语体现被动。其中主语energy由过去分词结构used to separate oxygen from air before burning 作后置定语体现被动；句末的现在分词结构leading to a similar loss of efficiency作全句的结果状语。
参考译文： 燃烧前将氧气从空气中分离所需的能源几乎不亚于上述将氮气过滤所需的耗费，这就使得两者在效率损失上不相上下。
3. At the same time, operators of the first printing presses run by steam rather than by hand found it possible to produce a thousand pages in an hour rather than thirty.
解析：句子的主干：operators found it possible. 非谓语结构run by steam作后置定语，修饰printing presses。非谓语结构to produce a thousand pages in an hour rather than thirty为it指代的真正主语。
参考译文：同时，第一批通过蒸汽运行而不是通过手动的蒸汽印刷厂的操作者们发现在一个小时内生产一千张纸是有可能的，而不需要三十小时。
4. The study shows that nearly half the organizations featured in the Times Top 100 Graduate Employers plan to expand their graduate programs this year, increasing the total number of vacancies available for new graduates by more than 10 percent compared with 2006 recruitment levels.
解析：本句是复合句。逗号前为主句，是主谓宾结构，其中谓语shows的宾语由that引导的名词性从句that nearly half the organizations featured in the Times Top 100 Graduate Employers plan to expand their graduate programs this year充当。现在分词结构increasing the total number of vacancies available for new graduates by more than 10 percent compared with 2006 recruitment levels为结果状语。句末的过去分词结构compared with 2006 recruitment levels作比较状语。
参考译文：研究表明，《时代》排名前100名的毕业生雇主单位中有将近一半计划今年将扩大毕业生接收规模，为新的毕业生增加可利用的空缺职位数量，这个数量与2006年的新成员水平相比，会增加10%以上。
5. Although these molecules (分子) allow radiation at visible wavelengths, where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated, to pass through, they absorb some of the longer-wavelength, infrared (红外线的) emissions radiated from the Earth’s surface, radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space.
解析：句子主干：they absorb some of the longer-wavelength. Although引导让步状语从句，allow something to do中间有插入语，即where引导的定语从句。Infrared emissions为longer-wavelength的同位语。非谓语结构radiated from为infrared emissions的后置定语。radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space是其前面的infrared emissions的同位语。
参考译文： 虽然这些分子允许可见波长的辐射(集中了阳光大部分能量)不受阻挡地穿过，但它们却会吸收某些更长波长的辐射，即从地球表面辐射出的红外线辐射(若没有被吸收则会被反射回太空)。