2022年英语中考英语书面表达精讲学案（含答案）

2020年英语中考英语书面表达 精讲2
方法一　运用四大原则，体现美不胜收
1．具体性原则
在具备一定词汇量的基础上，具体的表达比泛泛而谈的内容更能引起读者的共鸣。例如： 当介绍个人的爱好运动时，用especially来强调具体的运动项目。再如：当描述具体的人或事物时，类似a nice/good man的表达让人感觉很空洞，我们可以用具体的词来描绘一个人如：kind-hearted(好心的)，generous(慷慨的，大方的)，easy-going(随和的)等。
(1)I like sports very much, especially basketball.【2020·南京书面表达】
(2)When I’m sick, you look after me carefully and patiently.【2020·金华书面表达】
(3)I will have my own family, probably with a lovely child.
(4)Mr. Wang is a good teacher.→Mr. Wang is a kind, patient and knowledgeable teacher.
2．新颖性原则
写作时恰当得体地使用初中学过的、别人可能想不到的词汇，会给阅卷人耳目一新的感觉。但是需要注意的是，避免使用太常见的词的同时要避开生僻词汇。
(1)I’d like you to help me. (do me a favor)
→I’d like you to do me a favor.
(2)Our class thought of the idea of making better use of used materials.(come up with)
→Our class came up with the idea of making better use of used materials.
(3)I was going to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light.(on one’s way to)
→I was on my way to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light.
(4)Paper cutting was difficult, but much fun.(a lot of/lots of)
→Paper cutting was difficult, but a lot of/lots of fun. 【2021·南京填空 C篇】
3．短语优先原则
多使用词组、习语来代替一些单词，以增加文采。
(1)We can leave early so that we will have more time to read and choose books.(set out)
→We can set out early so that we will have more time to read and choose books.
(2)First, I’ll go to our community center to help and make the old people happy.(cheer up)
→First, I’ll go to our community center to help and cheer up the old people.
(3)Yesterday Alice tried paragliding and she had a great time. (enjoy herself)
→Yesterday Alice tried paragliding and she enjoyed herself very much.【2021·临沂52题】
4．避免重复原则
尽量避免过多地使用某一个单词， 必要时选择使用其他恰当的同义词或词组来代替。
(1)I can work in the library and I can also read books there. (be able to)
→I can work in the library and I’m also able to read books there.【外研版九(上) Module 6】
(2)I like reading while my brother likes watching football matches.(enjoy)
→I like reading while my brother enjoys watching football matches.
方法二　利用高级词汇，使人眼前一亮
含　义 普通词变高级词
但是 but→however
认识到 know→realize
尽力做 try to do→manage to do
抱歉 be sorry→make an apology
有想法 have an idea→come up with an idea
希望 hope→look forward to
改变 change→make a difference to
注意 be careful →pay attention to
用 use→make good use of
想要做什么 want to do sth.→would like to do sth.
第一 first→to begin/start with
第二 second→in addition/what’s more
机会 chance→opportunity
帮我 help me→do me a favor
离开 leave→set off
喜欢 like→enjoy
最后 finally→last but not least
拒绝 refuse→say no to
总之 in a word→in conclusion/in summary
参加 join→take part in
美丽的 beautiful→attractive(吸引人的)
拜访 visit→pay a visit to
学习 learn/study→research(研究)/master(掌握)
一位好老师/… a good teacher→a kind, patient and knowledgeable teacher
不开心的 sad→discouraged(气馁的)/low-spirited(意志消沉的)
困难的 difficult→challenging(有挑战性的)
应该 should→be supposed to
方法三　频变句型结构，增加得分亮点
1．陈述不如倒装妙
倒装是一种最简单易行的使句子呈现亮点的方法，它能使文章突出、富有节奏。初中阶段可以掌握的两种倒装形式：
(1)There/Here＋谓语＋主语＋其他.
There are some chickens and sheep on the farm. 【2021·百色单项选择】
在农场里有许多鸡和羊。
Here are two skills that I think are very good.【2021·广元阅读理解】
以下是两种我认为非常好的技能。
(2)以表示地点或方位的介词短语或副词开头的句子。
In front of him was a hat with a few dollars. He needed some more money for his tuition.
在他面前有一顶帽子，里面有几美元。他需要更多的钱来付他的学费。
▲▲牛刀小试（近年中考题改编）
将下列句子改为倒装句
(1)Some trees are in the garden.
→_________________________________________________________________________
(2) An apple is for you.
→________________________________________________________
(3)David who loves books lives deep in the forest.
→_________________________________________________________________________
答案：
(1)There are some trees in the garden.
(2)Here is an apple for you.
(3)Deep in the forest lives David, who loves books.
2．主动不如被动巧
使用被动语态符合英语的习惯。如果能把文章中的两三个句子变成被动语态，句式就会更丰富。
(1)Confucius’s ideas still influence us.(普通)
→We’re still influenced by Confucius’s ideas.(高级)【外研版九(上) Module 7 P56】
(2)Millions of people read his plays.(普通)
→His plays are read by millions of people.(高级)【外研版九(上)Module 7 P57】
▲▲牛刀小试（近年中考题改编）
将主动语态变成被动语态
(1)Let’s wait and see whether the robots will replace workers in the future.
_____________________________________________________________________________
根据汉语意思写句子
(2)进入大楼时，所有员工都被要求量体温。
___________________________________________________________________________
(3)在教室里不允许吃东西。
___________________________________________________________________________
(4)《老人与海》是海明威写的。
___________________________________________________________________________
(5)我们的学校建于2018年。
___________________________________________________________________________
(6)在楼梯间上下奔跑将是不允许的。
___________________________________________________________________________
答案：
(1)Let’s wait and see whether workers will be replaced by the robots in the future.
(2)All workers are asked to take their temperatures when they enter the building.
(3)Eating in the classroom is not allowed.
(4)The Old Man and the Sea is written by Hemingway.
(5)Our school was built in 2018.
(6)Running up and down the stairs will not be allowed.
3．简单不如并列、复合强
(1)有时为了使句子的连贯性更强，表达更为贴切、自然，我们可以在两个或多个简单句之间加上and, but, for(因为)，or(否则)，while(而，却)，not only…but also…等并列连词(词组)，使其成为并列句。
①Read the book Cute Pets. You will know how to take care of your cat. (and)
→Read the book Cute Pets, and you will know how to take care of your cat.【2021·盐城3题】
②It was sunny and hot. We decided to go to the beach near our hotel.
→It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel.【人教版八(上)Unit 1 P5】
③You must hurry. You’ll miss the plane.(or)→You must hurry, or you’ll miss the plane.
④He could play many instruments. He is best known for playing the erhu. (but)
→He could play many instruments but he is best known for playing the erhu.
(2)有时则需根据上下句之间的关系，在两个或多个简单句之间加上when, as, because, where, which, who等从属连词，使简单句变成复合句，初中阶段要求掌握的复合句有宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句。
①They are busy. They are always thinking of me. (改为含让步状语从句的主从复合句)
→Even though they are busy, they are always thinking of me.【人教版九(全)Unit 4 P30】
②I drink milk every day. It’s good for my health. (合并成含因果关系的复合句)
→I drink milk every day because it’s good for my health.【人教版八(上)Unit 2 P12】
③We should eat fresh and natural food, such as fruit and vegetables.(改为定语从句)
→We should eat food that is fresh and natural, such as fruit and vegetables.
▲▲牛刀小试（近年中考题改编）
将下列句子合并成并列句或复合句
(1)We will never see Mr. Lee teaches us again. We will always remember him.(but)
_______________________________________________________________________________
(2)The hero in my heart is Zhong Nanshan.Zhong Nanshan is a great Chinese scientist.(who)
_______________________________________________________________________________
根据汉语意思写句子
(3)不要在上散布你的个人信息，否则你会惹上麻烦。
___________________________________________________________________________
(4)新的学期代表新的开始，充满希望。
___________________________________________________________________________
答案：
(1)We will never see Mr. Lee teaches us again, but we will always remember him.
(2)The hero in my heart is Zhong Nanshan, who is a great Chinese scientist.
(3)Don’t give your personal information on the Internet，or you will get into trouble.
(4)A new term stands for a new beginning and it is full of hope.
4．非谓语结构不能少
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。
(1)动词不定式作目的状语。
To protect pandas in the wild, the government is setting up nature parks.
【外研版八(上) Module 6 P44改编】
(2)分词作方式或伴随状语。
He just walked away, continuing with the happy song he had been singing. 【2021·昆明完形填空】
常考的非谓语动词：like/love doing sth., be worth doing, enjoy doing sth., hate doing sth., remember doing sth., practice doing sth., suggest doing sth.等。
The singer was often seen to practice singing songs near the woods three years ago.
I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7 at this school.【人教版九(全) Unit 14 P110】
▲▲牛刀小试（近年中考题改编）
根据汉语提示翻译句子(要使用不定式结构)
(1)______________________________(制定政策来鼓励)more people to increase the fruit production with clean water in the river.
(2)_________________________________________________(为了确保我能提供最好的服务), I practiced in my spare time, especially my spoken English.
用所给词的适当形式填空
(3)A lot of museums in China are worth ________(visit). If you have time, you can choose to go.
(4)He spent two hours _______(help)his mother with housework last Sunday.
(5)_________(finish)the project as planned, they need to work two more hours a day.
答案：
(1)A policy was made to encourage
(2)To make sure that I could provide the best service
(3)visiting
(4)helping
(5)To finish
5．篇章结构巧衔接
(1)常用关联词
①表示举例的关联词语：for example, for instance, such as, like
②表示列举的关联词语：for one thing… and for another…， in the first place, to begin with/to start with, first of all, first(ly)/second(ly)/third(ly), in addition, besides/what’s more/moreover, finally, last but not least
③表示并列的关联词语：not only…but also…， both…and…， either…or…， neither…nor…， as well as
④表示转折的关联词语：but, however, while, otherwise
⑤表示因果的关联词语：because, since, as, for, due to, thanks to, because of, as a result of, so, therefore, so…that…
⑥表示比较的关联词语： compared to/with, just like, just as
⑦表示时间的关联词语：at first/to start with/in the beginning, then, next, later, (soon)after that, after a while, finally, now, at present, in the past, recently, immediately, soon, at that moment, as soon as, from then on, from now on ，at the same time, meanwhile, not…until, after, before, when, while, during
⑧表示目的的关联词语：for this purpose, so as to, so that, in order to, in order that
⑨表示让步的关联词语：though, although, even if, even though, no matter how/what/who…
⑩表示条件的关联词语：if, unless, as long as
表示强调的关联词语：above all
表示概括的关联词语：in a word, in short, generally speaking, in conclusion, all in all
表示观点的关联词语： in my opinion, in my view, personally
(2)叙事关联词
在记叙文中，常用one day, at first, then, later, afterwards, soon, before, after, when, while, as soon as, since, during, at last, finally, in the end，immediately等表示时间顺序的连词或连接性词语来叙述故事的发展过程或做某事的过程。
▲▲牛刀小试（近年中考题改编）
用合适的关联词填空
(1)I’ve got many hobbies, _______ playing ping-pong and singing Chu opera.
(2)That’s why I keep reading every day _________ how busy I am.
(3)_______________， reading makes me relax. Every time I feel stressed, I will put myself in reading. After reading, all the pressure will be gone. ________________， reading brings me a positive attitude toward life.
(4)In my opinion, good parents should be good teachers __________ good friends of us. _______， they should set good examples for us.
(5)I like Orange School better _______ it is a private school and it is well-known in our city.
(6)Han Hong is a talented singer. She can ________ sing beautifully ________ write her own songs.
(7)In Chinese families, people won’t start dinner _____ the elders take their seats.
(8)______ you work hard, you will not succeed.
(9)We invite you to visit our farm ___ enjoy our fresh products and great farming experiences.
(10)We should _______ feed the animals ___ touch them in the zoo.
答案：
(1)such as
(2)no matter
(3)On the one hand；On the other hand
(4)as well as；Besides
(5)because
(6)not only；but also
(7)until
(8)Unless
(9)and
(10)neither；nor