2022届高考专题训练:名词 (含答案)

文档属性

名称 2022届高考专题训练:名词 (含答案)
格式 docx
文件大小 62.6KB
资源类型 教案
版本资源 通用版
科目 英语
更新时间 2022-03-11 21:36:44

图片预览

文档简介

高考专题训练——名词
1.It is that the industrial cities of the nineteenth century in England do not attract visitors.(  )
A.a pity B.the pity C.pity D.pities
2.I am ____ of the class team at school and I am also ____ of the Senior High team.(  )
A.captain , member B.captain; a member
C.the captain; member D.a captain, member
3.They are _______.(  )
A.an American B.Americans
C.American D.the Americans
4.He dropped the _________ and broke it.(  )
A.cup of coffee B.coffee's cup
C.cup for coffee D.coffee cup
5.Tomato,which used to be called"love﹣apple",is not ____but ______.(  )
A.fruit; vegetable B.fruit; a vegetable
C.a fruit; a vegetable D.a fruit; vegetables
6.She had stomach trouble and had to follow _____.(  )
A.strict food B.a strict food
C.strict diet D.a strict diet
7.He is a good teacher with ________ and he has ________.(  )
A.enough experience,many experiences
B.many experience,good experiences
C.experiences,experienced
D.many experiences,much experience
8._____ of the people here are immigrants and not accustomed to using the local _____.(  )
A.Millions; equipments B.Million; equipment
C.Millions; equipment D.Million; equipments
9.With the help of the English teacher, he has made in his English writing.(  )
A.a great progress B.much progress
C.little progress D.many progresses
10.I'm glad to hear that you in English this term.(  )
A.have made a progress
B.have made progress
C.have made progresses
D.made a rapid progress
11.There is ____in the bag.(  )
A.some money B.some moneys
C.some monies D.some balls
12.Though you have a lot of English__________to do every day, you'd better take more__________to stay fit.(  )
A.exercises, exercise B.exercises, exercises
C.exercise, exercise D.exercise, exercises
13.Tom has made____________ in his studies _________ her hard work.(  )
A.great progresses; because
B.a great progress; because
C.great progresses; because
D.great progress; due to
14.After______,he realized that he was wrong in doing that.(  )
A.sometimes B.some time C.sometime D.some times
15.One of the most effective ways to reduce__________is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.(  )
A.production B.stress C.energy D.power
16.Whenever we move to a new house,we always throw away _________ furniture.(  )
A.far too more B.far too less
C.far too much D.far too many
17.This is _____room.(  )
A.Jack's and John's B.Jack and John's
C.Jack and John D.Jack's and John
18._____the disaster area himself gave victims a great deal of encouragement.(  )
A.The president will visit
B.The presidents'visiting
C.The president visited
D.The president to visit
19.The university will reach its_________ of 5,000 students next September.(  )
A.account B.benefit C.target D.process
20.The new law has come into ______________ and it will surely ______________ the industry of the country.(  )
A.affect;effect B.effect;effect
C.affect;affect D.effect;affect
21.Going from junior middle school to senior middle school is really a big __________.(  )
A.challenge B.strategy
C.experiment D.accommodation
22.The little girl was the only____________ in the strong earthquake.I think her____________ was a real wonder.(  )
A.survive;survival B.survive;survivor
C.survival;survivor D.survivor;survival
23.Because of the tight and heavy workload of Grade 12,many students have to make use of their lunch break to finish homework.(  )
A.schedule B.pressure
C.performance D.impression
24.Much to my ______,the city has developed rapidly over the years.(  )
A.amaze B.amazed C.amazement D.amazing
25.The ability to keep calm is one of her many ________.Owing to that,she was promoted to deal with the emergency.(  )
A.bases B.challenges C.benefits D.strengths
26.Nowadays,when you enter a shopping mall or bank,the staff there will take your temperature at the entrance as a matter of ______.(  )
A.contact B.routine C.virtue D.manners
27.Not knowing what the future will bring hardly seems a(n) ________ for doing nothing.(  )
A.argument B.resource
C.performance D.authority
28.She tried not to show in her treatment of the children in her care.(  )
A.qualification B.preference
C.expectation D.blame
29.The red lanterns on the street added to the ________ of Spring Festival.(  )
A.delivery B.priority C.encounter D.atmosphere
30.The round mooncake is a ________ of reunion and happiness in Chinese culture.(  )
A.symbol B.signal C.sign D.view
31.With top class home theatre,you can watch the latest movies in the ________ of your own home.(  )
A.construction B.limitation
C.appointment D.comfort
32.In a conversation between two persons,65% of_________ is done through body language.(  )
A.information B.pronunciation
C.introduction D.communication
33.Lack of mutual________not only gets in the way of your work,but it can also________your relationships and your self﹣esteem.(  )
A.comment …differ
B.respect …damage
C.benefit …destroy
D.expectation …decorate
34.Most members of the committee were in favour of the suggestion; only a ______ were against it.(  )
A.majority B.minority C.quantity D.amount
35.My parents,words had a great on ______ me.I decided to make every ______ to learn English well.(  )
A.effect;effort
B.effort;effect
C.creativity;punishment
D.punishment;creativity
36.Which of the following words is created the same way as sunflower!(  )
A.homework B.winner C.untidy D.musician
37.Building such a bridge with two﹣way eight﹣lane urban expressway and lower level rail transit was ___________,but Chongqing government made it with great efforts.(  )
A.a wet blanket B.apiece of cake
C.a dark horse D.a hard nut to crack
38.In some states,money from the gasoline tax is used to build and ________ roads.(  )
A.remain B.form C.maintain D.measure
39.Citizens are braving the ________ to get nucleic acid tests as COVID﹣19 outbreak has reoccurred in Harbin.(  )
A.elements B.season C.factors D.climate
40.After a careful survey,the hurricane___________ of the house,which was not that severe,compared with neighboring ones,was assessed at a reasonable 1000 dollars.(  )
A.effects B.damage C.ruins D.crash
41.We take plagiarism(剽窃)very seriously and,as a result,our publishing platform includes a comprehensive system to ensure ______.(  )
A.adaptation B.maturity
C.originality D.distinctiveness
42.A popular saying goes,"It is easier to change the ______ of a river than a person's nature."(  )
A.source B.course C.texture D.perception
43.He made a quick ________ to the new surroundings.In other words,he was more _______.(  )
A.adoption,adaptive B.adaptation,adaptive
C.adapt,adaptable D.adaptation,adaptable
44.—I want you both to be on your best ______ at Grandad's.
—OK,we will,Mum.(  )
A.opportunity B.struggle
C.behavior D.purpose
45.From the Tokyo Olympics to the 14th National Games,outstanding performances from China's athletes show the country's drive for a sports powerhouse in________ and innovation.(  )
A.expectation B.passion
C.mystery D.imagination
46.These measures have been taken with a(n)_____________to increasing the company's profits.(  )
A.view B.intention C.purpose D.aim
47.Typically,a mountain range will be the boundary between the area of two poleis(城邦)or a ______ of water,because Greece has the sea winding through it everywhere.(  )
A.stretch B.pick C.profile D.division
48.Procrastination can often pose________to people's ability________their goals successfully,which is evident,for example,in the fact that it is associated with receiving worse grades at school.(  )
A.a question …of pursuing
B.an obstacle …to pursue
C.a dilemma …to pursue
D.a hindrance …to pursuing
49.Anyway,whether they like it or not,they do give people a very good _________.(  )
A.impression B.impress C.impressive D.impressed
50.Finding information in today's world is easy.The ______ is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.(  )
A.context B.challenge
C.competition D.stress
51.Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctors,he has high___________ for medical professionals and their work.(  )
A.regard B.attitude
C.establishment D.wisdom
52.In our mind,Professor Wang is a learned and kind man,so we showed our ________for him.(  )
A.attention B.respect C.struggle D.request
53.We all know that a good sleeping bag is a necessary part of every camper's ________.(  )
A.experiment B.entertainment
C.equipment D.settlement
54.In order to live up to their parents' _____,most of the kids have to study hard even over vacations.(  )
A.expectations B.qualifications
C.applications D.innovations
55.Though I was sure of my performance,I'm still waiting for ________ of the test results.(  )
A.confirmation B.mission
C.institution D.foundation
56.﹣What's the common________ of dealing with youth crime in your area?
﹣Generally,education comes first.(  )
A.process B.procedure
C.performance D.practice
57.Fifteen wild Asian elephants headed north and no one knew their__________.(  )
A.response B.destination
C.failure D.demand
58.China's path to realizing its 2060 carbon neutrality goal will not be an easy ride, but this long﹣term goal is an indication of China's great ________ to a green transition.(  )
A.contribution B.concern
C.commitment D.comfort
59.Does the noise of the radio ________ you?If it does,sorry for it.I'll turn it off.(  )
A.attract B.shake C.surprise D.bother
60.So serious is this problem that we have no ___________ but to take some effective measures to solve this problem.(  )
A.accent B.alternative
C.barrier D.behavior
参考答案与试题解析
1.It is that the industrial cities of the nineteenth century in England do not attract visitors.(  )
A.a pity B.the pity C.pity D.pities
【分析】遗憾的是,十九世纪英国的工业城市并没有吸引游客。
【解答】此题可从两个角度去解答:1."It is a pity that…"是固定搭配及搭配, 意为"遗憾的是…"; 2."pity" 为可数名词, 题干中"is"表明"pity"应为单数形式,填"a pity"。
故选:A。
【点评】做此类题要判断目标名词是否可数;若是可数名词,根据题干再分析其单复数形式变化。
2.I am ____ of the class team at school and I am also ____ of the Senior High team.(  )
A.captain , member B.captain; a member
C.the captain; member D.a captain, member
【分析】我是学校班级的队长,也是高中班的成员
【解答】根据句意可知第一空表示"职位"captain,前面不加冠词,第二空泛指"一个成员"用a member.
故选:B.
【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析,考生在平时的学习中应注意积累相应的词汇和搭配,并牢记其意思.在做题时,将词义和题干相结合,从语法、句子结构尤其是句意上去判断,句意通顺,符合逻辑,即正确答案.
3.They are _______.(  )
A.an American B.Americans
C.American D.the Americans
【分析】他们是美国人.
【解答】答案:B.考查名词的数.句意:他们是美国人.根据主语they可以判断本句是用复数形式,American作为名词"美国人"是可数的.
故选:B.
【点评】名词的数是名词考查和主谓一致考查中的一个重要的考点,需要同学们在学习的过程中掌握词汇意义的同时,掌握名词的可数性和不可数性.
4.He dropped the _________ and broke it.(  )
A.cup of coffee B.coffee's cup
C.cup for coffee D.coffee cup
【分析】他把咖啡杯掉在了地上,摔碎了.
【解答】分析句子的结构和意思可知该题考查名词作定语的用法。由句意可知,对于短语"咖啡杯"的表达应该使用coffee cup,即名词作定语来修饰cup,类似的还有school bus,book shop等。
故选:D。
【点评】做好本题必须掌握名词所有格的用法,仔细分析句中的关键词。
5.Tomato,which used to be called"love﹣apple",is not ____but ______.(  )
A.fruit; vegetable B.fruit; a vegetable
C.a fruit; a vegetable D.a fruit; vegetables
【分析】过去被称为爱之苹果的西红柿不是水果而是一种蔬菜.
【解答】答案【C】
根据题干的汉语意思,fruit和vegetable是不可数名词,但是表示种类的时候,是可数的.a fruit 表示一种水果,a vegetable表示一种蔬菜.故选C.
【点评】本题考查名词辨析.在复习名词时要注意区分可数还是不可数,单数还是复数,并且注意复数的形式.尤其注意不可数名词具体化为的考查.
6.She had stomach trouble and had to follow _____.(  )
A.strict food B.a strict food
C.strict diet D.a strict diet
【分析】她胃不好,必须要有严格的饮食.
【解答】答案:D
根据前句She had stomach trouble 可知,"她胃子不好",所以要有严格的饮食.food为不可数名词,意为"食物"; a strict diet固定短语,意为"一种严格的饮食规定或行为".
【点评】名词的词义辨析要放在上下文的语境中进行,要注意上下文的语义的串联以及逻辑关系的推理,特别要注意一些名词的固定搭配以及名词的深层次的含义的区别.
7.He is a good teacher with ________ and he has ________.(  )
A.enough experience,many experiences
B.many experience,good experiences
C.experiences,experienced
D.many experiences,much experience
【分析】他是一位经验丰富的好老师.而且有很多经历.
【解答】答案:A
experience作名词"经验"为不可数;作名词"经历"为可数.根据题意第一空意为"丰富经验的好老师",故with enough experience;第二空意为"有很多经历",故用many experiences.
【点评】本题主要考查了experience作名词时可数还是不可数.要求考生熟记词意,并能根据具体语境判断意思.
8._____ of the people here are immigrants and not accustomed to using the local _____.(  )
A.Millions; equipments B.Million; equipment
C.Millions; equipment D.Million; equipments
【分析】这里数以百万计的人是移民,不习惯使用当地的设备.
【解答】millions of 是英语的固定用法"数以百万计",equipment是不可数名词"设备",句意:这里数以百万计的人是移民,不习惯使用当地的设备.所以C选项符合本题.
故选:C.
【点评】英语中的固定短语,既不能添词,也不能少词,是固定的,要求同学们在平时记忆准确,然后根据句意找出记忆中的固定搭配,做出正确的答案.
9.With the help of the English teacher, he has made in his English writing.(  )
A.a great progress B.much progress
C.little progress D.many progresses
【分析】在英语老师的帮助下,他的英语写作取得了很大的进步.
【解答】答案:B.考查不可数名词.句意:在英语老师的帮助下,他的英语写作取得了很大的进步.此处progress"进步",是不可数名词,所以A/D不正确,再结合句意可知B项符合题意.
故选:B.
【点评】考查不可数名词.注意名词是否可数,以及不可数名词的常见用法.
10.I'm glad to hear that you in English this term.(  )
A.have made a progress
B.have made progress
C.have made progresses
D.made a rapid progress
【分析】听说这个学期你在英语学习中取得了很大的进步我很高兴.
【解答】答案:B.
本句考查不可数名词的用法.progress为不可数名词,前面不能使用冠词a,可排除A、C和D三个选项;时态使用现在完成时表示结果是进步了.故选B.
【点评】考查不可数名词.注意名词是否可数,以及可数名词的复数用法.
11.There is ____in the bag.(  )
A.some money B.some moneys
C.some monies D.some balls
【分析】包里有一些钱.
【解答】答案:A.考查名词的数.句意:包里有一些钱.money是不可数名词,some既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词,根据is可以判断不能选D.
故选:A.
【点评】名词的数是名词考查和主谓一致考查中的一个重要的考点,需要同学们在学习的过程中掌握词汇意义的同时,掌握名词的可数性和不可数性.
12.Though you have a lot of English__________to do every day, you'd better take more__________to stay fit.(  )
A.exercises, exercise B.exercises, exercises
C.exercise, exercise D.exercise, exercises
【分析】虽然你每天有很多英语练习要做,但你最好多做运动以保持健康.
【解答】考查不可数名词及可数名词的单复数.exercise n. [U] (身体或脑力的)活动,锻炼,运动;[C] 习题;练习.句意:虽然你每天有很多英语练习要做,但你最好多做运动以保持健康.
故选:A.
【点评】有些名词既可以做可数名词又可作不可数名词,但词义有所不同,平时需要学习过程中的积累.
13.Tom has made____________ in his studies _________ her hard work.(  )
A.great progresses; because
B.a great progress; because
C.great progresses; because
D.great progress; due to
【分析】由于汤姆的艰苦努力,他在学习上已经取得了很大的进步.
【解答】考查不可数名词的用法,progress"进步"是不可数名词,因此没有其复数形式,排除AB选项,because引导原因状语从句,due to"由于",后接名词,故选:D。
【点评】考查不可数名词的用法,应对名词的可数及不可数进行记忆.
14.After______,he realized that he was wrong in doing that.(  )
A.sometimes B.some time C.sometime D.some times
【分析】一段时间之后,他意识到他做错了.
【解答】答案:B
本题考查时间状语,"some time"意为"一段时间",time为不可数名词.sometimes为副词,有时;sometime为副词,将来某个时候;some times指好几次.
【点评】本题考查不可数名词.学生要多积累一些不可数名词并能熟悉其用法.
15.One of the most effective ways to reduce__________is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.(  )
A.production B.stress C.energy D.power
【分析】缓解压力其中一个最有效的方法是向你信任的人谈谈你的感受.
【解答】stress压力;production生产,制作;energy能量,精力;power力量.联系前后语境,并根据"to talk about feeling"唯有"压力"符合语境.
故选:B。
【点评】本题考查名词的词义辨析,在熟知所供词含义的基础上与句子的语境相结合,从而选出正确的答案
16.Whenever we move to a new house,we always throw away _________ furniture.(  )
A.far too more B.far too less
C.far too much D.far too many
【分析】无论什么时候搬到新居,我们总是扔掉太多的家具.
【解答】答案:C.根据furniture为不可数名词可知用too much 修饰,此题并无比较之意,所以排除too less.too many 修饰可数名词.
【点评】此题考查名词可数和不可数辨析,需熟记一些名词是可数还是不可数.
17.This is _____room.(  )
A.Jack's and John's B.Jack and John's
C.Jack and John D.Jack's and John
【分析】这是杰克和约翰的房间.
【解答】考查语言交际.名词room前接人名作定语时,要用名词所有格形式作定语,排除C项,且房间只有一间,即他们两人共有的,排除A项,且表示两人共有的物品时,所有格要放在后一名词上,排除D项,只有B项正确.
故选:B.
【点评】语言交际是灵活多变的,要注意根据语言环境具体问题具体分析.要做好这类题,需从以下三个方面着手:1. 仔细审题,明确大意:首先要仔细审题,即在对话不完整的情况下,尽量弄懂该篇对话的大意和情景(如购物、看病、问路和应答、约会、口语应用等).2. 分析对话,试填答案:在解题过程中,要根据具体语境和上下文,分析对话中所缺部分、判断所缺的句子.3. 全文复读,融会贯通:在试填好答案之后,应从头至尾再把对话读一遍,按照对话情境,中心内容,推理判断.
18._____the disaster area himself gave victims a great deal of encouragement.(  )
A.The president will visit
B.The presidents'visiting
C.The president visited
D.The president to visit
【分析】总统亲自访问灾区给了受害者极大的鼓舞.
【解答】答案:B.
分析句子的结构可知,句中gave victims a great deal of encouragement为谓语和双宾语的结构,所以前面的部分应该是主语,只有B项属于动名词的复合结构,可以用作主语.故选B.
【点评】做好本题必须掌握名词所有格的用法,仔细分析句中的关键词.
19.The university will reach its_________ of 5,000 students next September.(  )
A.account B.benefit C.target D.process
【分析】这所大学明年9月将达到招收5000名学生的目标。
【解答】考查名词词义辨析。A.account账户;B.benefit利益;C.target目标;D.process过程。由"reach"和"5,000 students next September"可知,句子表示"这所大学明年9月将达到招收5000名学生的目标",因此空格处是"目标",是target。
故选:C。
【点评】对于名词的词义辨析这种题,做题时要先弄清楚各个选项的含义及用法,再结合句意及其它要求确定最终选项。
20.The new law has come into ______________ and it will surely ______________ the industry of the country.(  )
A.affect;effect B.effect;effect
C.affect;affect D.effect;affect
【分析】新法律已经生效,它肯定会影响这个国家的工业。
【解答】come into effect为固定搭配,意为"生效,开始实施",故第一空应填effect;affect"影响",动词,effect作名词讲时,表示"作用,影响",作动词讲时,表示"实现",根据句意可知,第二空应填affect表示"影响",故D项正确。
故选:D。
【点评】对于名词的词义辨析这种题,做题时要先弄清楚各个选项的含义及用法,再结合句意及其它要求确定最终选项。
21.Going from junior middle school to senior middle school is really a big __________.(  )
A.challenge B.strategy
C.experiment D.accommodation
【分析】从初中升入高中是一个很大的挑战。
【解答】考查名词词义辨析。A.challenge挑战;B.strategy策略;C.experiment实验;D.accommodation住宿。由"Going from junior middle school to senior middle school"可知,句子表示"从初中升入高中是一个很大的挑战",故空格处是"挑战",应用challenge。
故选:A。
【点评】对于名词的词义辨析这种题,做题时要先弄清楚各个选项的含义及用法,再结合句意及其它要求确定最终选项。
22.The little girl was the only____________ in the strong earthquake.I think her____________ was a real wonder.(  )
A.survive;survival B.survive;survivor
C.survival;survivor D.survivor;survival
【分析】这个小女孩是强烈地震中唯一的幸存者。我觉得她能活下来真是个奇迹。
【解答】A.survive幸存,survival幸存;B.survive幸存,survivor幸存者;C.survival幸存,survivor幸存者;D.survivor幸存者,survival幸存。根据句意可知,女孩是唯一的幸存者,第一空是"幸存者"survivor;第二空处意为"她的幸存",第二空是名词"幸存"survival。
故选:D。
【点评】先明白题干大意,再分析选项含义,选出正确且最符合题意的选项。
23.Because of the tight and heavy workload of Grade 12,many students have to make use of their lunch break to finish homework.(  )
A.schedule B.pressure
C.performance D.impression
【分析】由于12年级的日程安排紧凑,工作量繁重,许多学生不得不利用午休时间完成家庭作业。
【解答】考查名词的词义辨析。A.schedule日程安排;B.pressure压力;C.performance表演;D.impression印象。题干中的横线处表达的意思是"日程安排紧凑",故用schedule,符合题意。
故选:A。
【点评】本题着重考查名词的词意辨析,这就要求我们学生在平时学习的过程中要时刻关注名词的词意,也可以考虑将形近意不近的多个名词放在一起对比记忆,这样更加有利于加深对于名词的记忆。
24.Much to my ______,the city has developed rapidly over the years.(  )
A.amaze B.amazed C.amazement D.amazing
【分析】令我非常惊讶的是,这些年来,这座城市发展迅速。
【解答】A.amaze vt.使大为惊奇;B.amazed adj.感到惊奇的;吃惊的;C.amazement n.惊奇;惊诧;D.amazing adj.令人惊异的。空前to是介词,介词后接名词,故空处填amaze的名词形式amazement,much to my amazement意为"令我非常惊讶的是"。
故选:C。
【点评】先明白题干大意,再分析选项的词性和含义,选出正确且最符合题意的选项。
25.The ability to keep calm is one of her many ________.Owing to that,she was promoted to deal with the emergency.(  )
A.bases B.challenges C.benefits D.strengths
【分析】保持冷静是她的优点之一。由于她的优秀品质,她被提升去处理紧急情况。
【解答】A.bases基础,根据;B.challenges挑战;C.benefits利益,收益;D.strengths优势,强项。根据后文"Owing to that(由于她的优秀品质)"可知,该句是在说她的优势和强项,而"The ability to keep calm(保持镇静的能力)"属于一种个人优势,D项符合题意。
故选:D。
【点评】先明白题干大意,再分析选项含义,选出正确且最符合题意的选项。
26.Nowadays,when you enter a shopping mall or bank,the staff there will take your temperature at the entrance as a matter of ______.(  )
A.contact B.routine C.virtue D.manners
【分析】现在,当你进入购物商场或者银行时,员工会在入口按照惯例给你量体温。
【解答】考查名词词义辨析。A.contact联系;B.routine惯例,常规;C.virtue道德,美德;D.manners礼貌。分析可知,此处表示"按照惯例,作为例行公事",其英文表达为as a matter of routine。
故选:B。
【点评】对于名词的词义辨析这种题,做题时要先弄清楚各个选项的含义及用法,再结合句意及其它要求确定最终选项。
27.Not knowing what the future will bring hardly seems a(n) ________ for doing nothing.(  )
A.argument B.resource
C.performance D.authority
【分析】不知道未来会发生什么不应该成为什么都不做的理由。
【解答】A.argument论据;B.resource资源;C.performance表演;D.authority权威。根据句意"不知道未来会发生什么不应该成为什么都不做的理由"可知,空处填"理由,论据",an argument for doing sth.为固定短语,表示"支持做某事的论据"。
故选:A。
【点评】先明白题干大意,再分析选项含义,选出正确且最符合题意的选项。
28.She tried not to show in her treatment of the children in her care.(  )
A.qualification B.preference
C.expectation D.blame
【分析】她尽量不偏袒她照顾的孩子。
【解答】考查名词词义辨析。A.qualification资格;B.preference偏爱;C.expectation期盼;D.blame责备。根据句意,此处表示对于她照顾的孩子她没有显示出偏爱。选项B符合题意。
故选:B。
【点评】本题考查名词词义的辨析,做此类题目时要先弄清楚各个选项的含义及用法,再结合句意及其它要求确定最终选项。
29.The red lanterns on the street added to the ________ of Spring Festival.(  )
A.delivery B.priority C.encounter D.atmosphere
【分析】街上的红灯笼增添了春节的气氛。
【解答】考查名词词义辨析。A.delivery交付,运送;B.priority优先,优先级;C.encounter遭遇,邂逅;D.atmosphere大气,气氛。结合句意,空处意思应该是"气氛",D项符合题意。
故选:D。
【点评】对于名词的词义辨析这种题,做题时要先弄清楚各个选项的含义及用法,再结合句意及其它要求确定最终选项。
30.The round mooncake is a ________ of reunion and happiness in Chinese culture.(  )
A.symbol B.signal C.sign D.view
【分析】在中国文化中,圆圆的月饼是团圆和幸福的象征。
【解答】考查名词词义辨析。A.symbol象征;B.signal信号;C.sign迹象;D.view观点。由句意及常识可知,在中国文化中,月饼是团圆和幸福的象征。
故选:A。
【点评】对于名词的词义辨析这种题,做题时要先弄清楚各个选项的含义及用法,再结合句意及其它要求确定最终选项。
31.With top class home theatre,you can watch the latest movies in the ________ of your own home.(  )
A.construction B.limitation
C.appointment D.comfort
【分析】拥有一流的家庭影院,您可以在家中舒适地观看最新电影。
【解答】考查名词词义辨析。A.construction施工;B.limitation限制;C.appointment预约;D.comfort舒适。结合句意,空处意思应该是"舒适",D项符合题意。
故选:D。
【点评】对于名词的词义辨析这种题,做题时要先弄清楚各个选项的含义及用法,再结合句意及其它要求确定最终选项。
32.In a conversation between two persons,65% of_________ is done through body language.(  )
A.information B.pronunciation
C.introduction D.communication
【分析】在两个人的对话中,65%的交流是通过肢体语言完成的。
【解答】考查名词词义辨析。A.information信息;B.pronunciation发音;C.introduction介绍;D.communication交流。根据"in a conversation (在对话中)"可知是进行交流。
故选:D。
【点评】对于名词的词义辨析这种题,做题时要先弄清楚各个选项的含义及用法,再结合句意及其它要求确定最终选项。
33.Lack of mutual________not only gets in the way of your work,but it can also________your relationships and your self﹣esteem.(  )
A.comment …differ
B.respect …damage
C.benefit …destroy
D.expectation …decorate
【分析】缺乏相互尊敬不仅会妨碍你的工作,还会损害你的人际关系和自尊。
【解答】考查名词的词义辨析。A.comment评论;differ有区别;B.respect尊敬;damage损害;C.benefit益处;destroy摧毁;D.expectation期待;decorate装饰。根据句意可知,相互不尊重会妨碍工作,也会损害人际关系和自尊。
故选:B。
【点评】本题着重考查名词的词意辨析,这就要求我们学生在平时学习的过程中要时刻关注名词的词意,也可以考虑将形近意不近的多个名词放在一起对比记忆,这样更加有利于加深对于名词的记忆。
34.Most members of the committee were in favour of the suggestion; only a ______ were against it.(  )
A.majority B.minority C.quantity D.amount
【分析】委员会的大多数成员都赞成这项建议,只有少数人反对.
【解答】考查名词的词义辨析.majority多数;大多数;minority少数;少数派;少数人;少数民族;quantity 数量;数额;数目;amount 总数;总额.根据上文"Most members of the committee were in favour of the suggestion"可知句子表达的意思是:委员会的大多数成员都赞成这项建议,只有少数人反对.
故选:B.
【点评】本题考查名词的词义辨析.名词词义辨析题一直都是高考考查的一个热点,它注重考查考生结合语境准确选用词语的能力.由于英语词汇丰富,且用法多变,考生掌握起来有较大难度,因此在平时应注意词汇的积累,理解词语的含义及其常见的习惯搭配,再联系句子所表述的意义和语境,选出正确的答案.
35.My parents,words had a great on ______ me.I decided to make every ______ to learn English well.(  )
A.effect;effort
B.effort;effect
C.creativity;punishment
D.punishment;creativity
【分析】我父母的话对我产生了很大的影响。我决定尽一切努力学好英语。
【解答】考查名词词义辨析。A.effect;effort影响;努力;B.effort;effect努力;影响;C.creativity;punishment创造力;惩罚;D.punishment;creativity惩罚;创造力。分析句子可知,第一空为固定短语have an effect on sb.,意为"对…有影响;对……起作用,产生效果"。第二空为短语make every effort to do sth.意为"竭尽全力做某事"句中every修饰名词单数形式。
故选:A。
【点评】对于名词的词义辨析这种题,做题时要先弄清楚各个选项的含义及用法,再结合句意及其它要求确定最终选项。
36.Which of the following words is created the same way as sunflower!(  )
A.homework B.winner C.untidy D.musician
【分析】以下哪个词的创造方式与sunflower相同!
【解答】A.homework家庭作业;B.winner 冬天;C.untidy不干净的;D.musician音乐家。根据题干可知,sunflower是合成词,由"sun"+"flower"两个单词合成。再看选项,A选项中homework是由"home"+"work"两个单词合成,与sunflower构词形式一样。
故选:A。
【点评】本题考查名词的词义辨析。名词词义辨析题一直都是高考考查的一个热点,它注重考查考生结合语境准确选用词语的能力。由于英语词汇丰富,且用法多变,考生掌握起来有较大难度,因此在平时应注意词汇的积累,理解词语的含义及其常见的习惯搭配,再联系句子所表述的意义和语境,选出正确的答案。
37.Building such a bridge with two﹣way eight﹣lane urban expressway and lower level rail transit was ___________,but Chongqing government made it with great efforts.(  )
A.a wet blanket B.apiece of cake
C.a dark horse D.a hard nut to crack
【分析】建设这样一座双程八车道城市高速公路和低水平轨道交通的桥梁是一项艰巨的任务,但重庆市政府做出了巨大的努力。
【解答】A.a wet blanket扫兴的人或物;B.a piece of cake容易〔轻松〕的事;C.a dark horse黑马;D.a hard nut to crack棘手的问题,难对付的人(或事)。根据下文"but Chongqing govermment made it with great efforts.(但重庆市政府做出了巨大的努力)"可知,这是一项难以对付的任务,故D项符合句意。
故选:D。
【点评】先明白题干大意,再分析选项含义,选出正确且最符合题意的选项。
38.In some states,money from the gasoline tax is used to build and ________ roads.(  )
A.remain B.form C.maintain D.measure
【分析】在一些州,汽油税的收入被用来修建和维护道路。
【解答】考查动词词义辨析。A.remain保持不变;B.form形成;C.maintain维护;D.measure测量。根据句意可知,此处指维护道路,应用maintain"维护"。
故选:C。
【点评】对于动词的词义辨析这种题,做题时要先弄清楚各个选项的含义及用法,再结合句意及其它要求确定最终选项。
39.Citizens are braving the ________ to get nucleic acid tests as COVID﹣19 outbreak has reoccurred in Harbin.(  )
A.elements B.season C.factors D.climate
【分析】随着新型冠状病毒在哈尔滨再次爆发,市民们正勇敢地接受核酸检测。
【解答】考查名词词义辨析。A.elements要素;B.season季节;C.factors因素;D.climate气候。根据后文"to get nucleic acid tests"表示"勇敢做某事"应用brave the elements to do sth。
故选:A。
【点评】对于名词的词义辨析这种题,做题时要先弄清楚各个选项的含义及用法,再结合句意及其它要求确定最终选项。
40.After a careful survey,the hurricane___________ of the house,which was not that severe,compared with neighboring ones,was assessed at a reasonable 1000 dollars.(  )
A.effects B.damage C.ruins D.crash
【分析】经过仔细的调查,飓风对这所房子的破坏,与邻近的房子相比并不严重,估计为1000美元。
【解答】A.effects影响;B.damage损害、损坏;C.ruins废墟;D.crash撞车。根据"was assessed at a reasonable 1000 dollars(估计为1000美元)"可知此处在评估飓风对这所房子的破坏程度,故B符合句意。
故选:B。
【点评】先明白题干大意,再分析选项含义,选出正确且最符合题意的选项。
41.We take plagiarism(剽窃)very seriously and,as a result,our publishing platform includes a comprehensive system to ensure ______.(  )
A.adaptation B.maturity
C.originality D.distinctiveness
【分析】我们非常重视剽窃,因此,我们的出版平台包括一个全面的系统,以确保原创性。
【解答】考查名词词义辨析。A.adaptation适应;B.maturity成熟;C.originality独创性,原创性;D.distinctiveness独特性。结合句意,空处意思应该是"原创性",C项符合题意。
故选:C。
【点评】本题考查名词意思的辨析,弄清楚各个名词的意思,准确的翻译出句子和备选答案,然后找到符合题意的选项。
42.A popular saying goes,"It is easier to change the ______ of a river than a person's nature."(  )
A.source B.course C.texture D.perception
【分析】俗话说,"改变河道比改变人的本性容易。"
【解答】A.source来源;B.course水道,路线;C.texture质地,结构;D.perception认识,看法。根据句意"改变河道比改变人的本性容易"可知,空处的意思是"河道",B项符合句意。
故选:B。
【点评】先明白题干大意,再分析选项含义,选出正确且最符合题意的选项。
43.He made a quick ________ to the new surroundings.In other words,he was more _______.(  )
A.adoption,adaptive B.adaptation,adaptive
C.adapt,adaptable D.adaptation,adaptable
【分析】他很快就适应了新环境。换句话说,他的适应能力更强。
【解答】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。A.adoption名词,采用;adaptive形容词,适应的,常用在专业术语当中;B.adaptation名词,适应;adaptive形容词,适应的;C.adapt名词,适应;adaptable 形容词,能适应的,适应性强的,指在生活中表示适应能力强;D.adaptation名词,适应;adaptable形容词,能适应的,适应性强的。第一空根据后文"to the new surroundings"可知指适应新环境,应用make a quick adaptation;第二空表示在新环境中"适应能力强"应用形容词adaptable。
故选:D。
【点评】本题考查名词的词义辨析。名词词义辨析题一直都是高考考查的一个热点,它注重考查考生结合语境准确选用词语的能力。由于英语词汇丰富,且用法多变,考生掌握起来有较大难度,因此在平时应注意词汇的积累,理解词语的含义及其常见的习惯搭配,再联系句子所表述的意义和语境,选出正确的答案。
44.—I want you both to be on your best ______ at Grandad's.
—OK,we will,Mum.(  )
A.opportunity B.struggle
C.behavior D.purpose
【分析】—我要你们两个在你爷爷家好好表现。
—好的,我们会的,妈妈。
【解答】考查名词词义辨析。A.opportunity机会;B.struggle斗争;C.behavior行为,举止;D.purpose目的。根据语境,这是妈妈对孩子的告诫,要求他们注意行为举止。
故选:C。
【点评】对于名词的词义辨析这种题,做题时要先弄清楚各个选项的含义及用法,再结合句意及其它要求确定最终选项。
45.From the Tokyo Olympics to the 14th National Games,outstanding performances from China's athletes show the country's drive for a sports powerhouse in________ and innovation.(  )
A.expectation B.passion
C.mystery D.imagination
【分析】从东京奥运会到第十四届全运会,中国运动员的出色表现展现了中国体育强国的激情和创新精神。
【解答】A.expectation期待;B.passion激情;C.mystery谜;D.imagination想象力。根据"show the country's drive for a sports powerhouse in ________ and innovation"可知,句子表示"中国运动员的出色表现展现了中国体育强国的激情和创新精神",因此空格处意为"激情",是passion,B项符合句意。
故选:B。
【点评】正确翻译几个选项的汉语意思,然后结合句意选择作答。
46.These measures have been taken with a(n)_____________to increasing the company's profits.(  )
A.view B.intention C.purpose D.aim
【分析】采取这些措施是为了提高公司的利润。
【解答】with a view to由于;为了;目的在于,是固定搭配。A项正确。
故选:A。
【点评】考查名词的词义辨析,弄清楚各个名词的词义,准确地翻译句子及备选答案,然后选择最符合题意的选项。
47.Typically,a mountain range will be the boundary between the area of two poleis(城邦)or a ______ of water,because Greece has the sea winding through it everywhere.(  )
A.stretch B.pick C.profile D.division
【分析】通常情况下,一条山脉是两个城邦之间的边界或者一片水域之间的分界线,因为希腊到处都是蜿蜒的大海。
【解答】A.stretch伸展;B.pick(某一时节或地区)收获的量;C.profile外观,轮廓;D.division分界线。根据句意"通常情况下,一条山脉是两个城邦之间的边界或者一片水域之间的分界线"可知,空处的意思是"分界线",D符合句意。
故选:D。
【点评】先明白题干大意,再分析选项含义,选出正确且最符合题意的选项。
48.Procrastination can often pose________to people's ability________their goals successfully,which is evident,for example,in the fact that it is associated with receiving worse grades at school.(  )
A.a question …of pursuing
B.an obstacle …to pursue
C.a dilemma …to pursue
D.a hindrance …to pursuing
【分析】拖延症往往会给人们成功追求目标的能力带来阻碍,这一点很明显,例如,拖延症与学校成绩较差有关。
【解答】考查名词的词义辨析。A.a question问题;of pursuing追求;B.an obstacle阻碍;to pursue追求;C.a dilemma困境;to pursue追求;D.a hindrance阻碍;to pursuing追求。由"one's ability to do sth"可以翻译成"某人做某事的能力",故排除A和D选项。再根据题意,拖延症是会阻碍成功的。
故选:B。
【点评】本题着重考查名词的词意辨析,这就要求我们学生在平时学习的过程中要时刻关注名词的词意,也可以考虑将形近意不近的多个名词放在一起对比记忆,这样更加有利于加深对于名词的记忆。
49.Anyway,whether they like it or not,they do give people a very good _________.(  )
A.impression B.impress C.impressive D.impressed
【分析】不管怎样,不管他们喜欢与否,他们确实给人们一个很好的印象。
【解答】考查名词。A.impression,名词,印象;B.impress,动词,留下深刻印象;C.impressive,形容词,令人印象深刻的;D.impressed,形容词,印象深刻的。"a very good"后跟名词的单数形式,因此空格处应用名词impression。
故选:A。
【点评】先明白题干大意,再分析选项含义,选出正确且最符合题意的选项。
50.Finding information in today's world is easy.The ______ is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.(  )
A.context B.challenge
C.competition D.stress
【分析】在当今世界中查找信息很容易。挑战在于如何判断你得到的信息是否有用。
【解答】A.context背景;B.challenge挑战,难题;C.competition竞争;D.stress压力。由于我们现在正处于信息爆炸的时代,在当今时代中找到信息是一件很容易的事,但区分出这些信息是否有用的确是一个难题。所以B选项符合语境。
故选:B。
【点评】本题考查名词的词义辨析。名词词义辨析题一直都是高考考查的一个热点,它注重考查考生结合语境准确选用词语的能力。由于英语词汇丰富,且用法多变,考生掌握起来有较大难度,因此在平时应注意词汇的积累,理解词语的含义及其常见的习惯搭配,再联系句子所表述的意义和语境,选出正确的答案。
51.Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctors,he has high___________ for medical professionals and their work.(  )
A.regard B.attitude
C.establishment D.wisdom
【分析】被两个有奉献精神的医生父母养大,他对医生职业和他们的工作极为尊敬。
【解答】A.regard尊敬;B.atitude态度;C.establishment建立;D.wisdom智慧。根据"Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctors(被两个有奉献精神的医生父母养大)"可知,他对医生和他们的工作极为尊敬,故A符合句意。
故选:A。
【点评】先明白题干大意,再分析选项含义,选出正确且最符合题意的选项。
52.In our mind,Professor Wang is a learned and kind man,so we showed our ________for him.(  )
A.attention B.respect C.struggle D.request
【分析】在我们心目中,王教授是一个博学善良的人,所以我们对他表示尊敬。
【解答】A.attention注意;B.respect尊重;C.struggle挣扎;D.request要求。根据句意"在我们心目中,王教授是一个博学善良的人,所以我们对他表示尊敬"可知,空处填"尊重",B项符合句意。
故选:B。
【点评】先明白题干大意,再分析选项含义,选出正确且最符合题意的选项。
53.We all know that a good sleeping bag is a necessary part of every camper's ________.(  )
A.experiment B.entertainment
C.equipment D.settlement
【分析】我们都知道一个好的睡袋是每个露营者必备的装备。
【解答】考查名词词义辨析。A项,experiment实验;B项,entertainment娱乐;C项,equipment装备;D项,settlement解决。结合句意,空处意思应该是"装备",C项符合题意。
故选:C。
【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析,考生在平时的学习中应注意积累相应的词汇和搭配,并牢记其意思。在做题时,将词义和题干相结合,从语法、句子结构尤其是句意上去判断,句意通顺,符合逻辑,即正确答案。
54.In order to live up to their parents' _____,most of the kids have to study hard even over vacations.(  )
A.expectations B.qualifications
C.applications D.innovations
【分析】为了不辜负父母的期望,大多数孩子甚至在假期也要努力学习。
【解答】考查名词词义辨析。A.expectations期望;B.qualifications任职资格;C.applications应用;D.innovations创新。根据"In order to live up to their parents' "可知此处指父母的"期望"。
故选:A。
【点评】对于名词的词义辨析这种题,做题时要先弄清楚各个选项的含义及用法,再结合句意及其它要求确定最终选项。
55.Though I was sure of my performance,I'm still waiting for ________ of the test results.(  )
A.confirmation B.mission
C.institution D.foundation
【分析】虽然我对自己的表现很有把握,但我还在等待测试结果的确认。
【解答】考查名词辨析。结合句意,推测设空处缺"确认"之意。A.confirmation确认;B.mission任务;C.institution机构;D.foundation基金会。综上,A选项符合题意。
故选:A。
【点评】本题需要结合句意,分清所需要填写单词的词义,从而确定答案。
56.﹣What's the common________ of dealing with youth crime in your area?
﹣Generally,education comes first.(  )
A.process B.procedure
C.performance D.practice
【分析】﹣你们地区处理青少年犯罪的常见做法是什么?
﹣一般来说,教育是第一位的。
【解答】答案:D.考查名词词义辨析。句意:﹣你们地区处理青少年犯罪的常见做法是什么? ﹣一般来说,教育是第一位的。A.process过程;B.procedure 程序;C.performance表现,行为;D.practice惯常做法。所以D选项符合句意。
故选:D。
【点评】本题考查名词的词义辨析。名词词义辨析题一直都是高考考查的一个热点,它注重考查考生结合语境准确选用词语的能力。由于英语词汇丰富,且用法多变,考生掌握起来有较大难度,因此在平时应注意词汇的积累,理解词语的含义及其常见的习惯搭配,再联系句子所表述的意义和语境,选出正确的答案。
57.Fifteen wild Asian elephants headed north and no one knew their__________.(  )
A.response B.destination
C.failure D.demand
【分析】十五头野生亚洲象向北走去,没有人知道他们的目的地。
【解答】答案:B.根据题意,十五头野生亚洲象向北走去,没有人知道他们的目的地。本题考查名词的词意辨析。A.response回复;B.destination;C.failure失败;D.demand要求,命令。
故选:B。
【点评】本题着重考查名词的词意辨析,这就要求我们学生在平时学习的过程中要时刻关注名词的词意,也可以考虑将形近意不近的多个名词放在一起对比记忆,这样更加有利于加深对于名词的记忆。
58.China's path to realizing its 2060 carbon neutrality goal will not be an easy ride, but this long﹣term goal is an indication of China's great ________ to a green transition.(  )
A.contribution B.concern
C.commitment D.comfort
【分析】中国想要实现2060年碳平衡的目标并不是一段容易的旅程,但是这一长期目标是中国对绿色转变这一伟大承诺的象征。
【解答】答案:A.contribution 贡献;B.concern 担心;忧虑;关心;C.commitment 承诺;保证;D.comfort 安慰;
根据前边"China's path to realizing its 2060 carbon neutrality goal will not be an easy ride"可知,这是一个到2060年完成的计划,因此是一种承诺选择C 承诺。
故选:C。
【点评】此题旨在让学生多关注事实,了解国家新闻政策。"carbon neutrality"碳平衡,"a green transition" 绿色转变。通过对国家事实的了解,从而认识这些专业词汇。
59.Does the noise of the radio ________ you?If it does,sorry for it.I'll turn it off.(  )
A.attract B.shake C.surprise D.bother
【分析】收音机的噪音打扰你了吗?如果打扰了,对不起。我会把它关掉的。
【解答】A.attract吸引;B.shake摇晃;C.surprise 使惊讶;D.bother 打扰。结合后文"把它关掉",可以推测出此处表示"打扰"。
故选:D。
【点评】明确每个选项的含义,熟记动词词义,结合句意,选择出正确的选项。
60.So serious is this problem that we have no ___________ but to take some effective measures to solve this problem.(  )
A.accent B.alternative
C.barrier D.behavior
【分析】这个问题如此严重,我们别无选择,只能采取一些有效的措施来解决这个问题。
【解答】答案:B.A.accent口音;重音;强调;B.alternative二中择一;供替代的选择;C.barrier障碍物,屏障;界线;D.beavior行为,举止;态度;反应,根据意思B正确,
故选:B。
【点评】此题考查名词词义辨析,在本类型题的解题过程中需要明确句子的大概意思,明确辨析出各个名词的含义,掌握单词的基本意义、引申意义,以及与单词相关的短语、句型,结合句意做出正确的选择。