2022年中考英语二轮专题复习 时态语态学案（含答案）

1. 一般现在时：表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。①表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。与一般现在时连用的时间状语：表示频度的副词always，often，usually，sometimes等。表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。如： Light travels faster than sound.(光传播比声音快)表示十分确定会发生(如安排好的事情)或按照时间表进行的（将要发生的）事情,用一般现在可以表达将来,句子中可以有将来时间。如：The train for Haikou leaves at 8：00 in the morning.(开往汉口的列车上午8点开车)④ 在时间状语从句中(以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导)和条件状语从句中(以if, unless引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
2.现在进行时：现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作或是现阶段正发生而此刻不一定在进行的动作。常用时间状语 ：now, at present, at the moment, Listen! / Look!1）时态构成: am/ is /are +doing(现在分词）2）现在进行时的用法①位移动词：go，come，leave，stay，start，begin等，常用进行时表将来。表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情。We are leaving for London soon. 我们很快就要动身去伦敦了。 I’m coming now.(我就来)②表示频繁发生或反复进行的动作,常与always等频度副词连用,以表示赞扬、不满或讨厌等感彩。如：He is always borrowing money from me and forgetting all about it a few days later.③但应注意下列这些动词一般不用于现在进行时态的句子中。A、表示感觉的动词。如see，hear等。B、表示喜欢或厌恶的动词。如like，love，hate等。C、表示希望的动词。如want，would like等。D、表示归属的动词。如have等。E、表示思维、知识或理解能力的动词。如know，forget等。3.过去进行时：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作。 1）常用时间状语 ： this / that time yesterday, at six yesterday, at that time from…to … yesterday, when + 含有过去时的从句时态构成: was/were +doing(现在分词）When While As 区别4. 一般将来时：表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态。1）一般将来时的时间状语有：tomorrow, this (afternoon),next (year),one day, soon, someday, in the future, in+一段时间; when/ after等引导的状语从句的主句中。 如：I will call you when my mother comes back.2）时态构成: (1) will / shall + 动词原形 (2)am /is / are going to + 动词原形3）特殊情况： (1) 一般现在时代替将来时，用于时刻表，日历等 (2)个别动词用现在进行时代替将来时， 此类动词有：come, go, leave, stay, start, begin，die…5. 一般过去时：表示过去某时发生的动作或状态,这种动作或状态可能是一次性,也可能经常发生。（过去常常做某事也可用used to do sth来表示）1）常用时间状语 ： yesterday, last night, 时间段+ ago, in 2000, before, when等引导的含过去时的句子。2）动词过去式的构成： ① 直接在词尾加-ed plant---planted ② 以e结尾的, 加-d change---changed ③ 重读闭音节最后只有一个辅音字母结尾,双写这个辅音字母再加-ed prefer---preferred,cancel-cancelled ④ 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，变y为i加-ed try---tried ⑤ 不规则变化 6.现在完成时：用法完成用法：动作发生在过去，已经完成，现在造成影响或结果未完成用法： 动作发生在过去，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态（还没有结束）。可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。 如for、since 等引导的时间状语。（注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词） 3.表经验或者次数：现在完成时还可以表示一个动作到现在为止发生过多少次（never，ever）。辨析：have been in, have been to, have gone tohave been in强调“过去曾在某地待过”之意，表示经验，后面常加段时间；have been to的意思是“曾经去过某地,此时已回来”，它强调“最近的经历”；have gone to表示“去了某地还没回来”，强调人已离开说话的地方。延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。 终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy等。 用相应的延续性动词替代非延续性动词。He has bought the book for two weeks.（错） 改为:He has had the book for two weeks.borrow --- keep, buy --- have,begin/start --- be on, finish --- be over, die --- be dead,join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构, open --- be open catch a cold (virus) --- have a cold (virus),come here --- be here, go there --- be there, become/get --- be, come back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in/at), leave --- be away (from), marry --- be marriedgo (get) out →be out， land --- be on the land现在完成时和一般过去时的比较区分现在完成时和一般过去时：1. 如果有时间状语，一定要优先分析时间状语，以时间状语为判断依据。2. 现在完成时，顾名思义要和“现在”有关联，和现在没有关系的语境不能用现在完成时3. 现在完成时不可与疑问副词when连用；而一般过去时则可以。例如：When did he come 练一练（注意结合语境）1.-I didn’t see you at the party, where have you been -Oh, I _______ready for the English exam.A .have got B. have been C. has got D. was getting2 Why don't you put the meat in the fridge It __________ ( stay) fresh for several days.---Have you graduated from college yet 3 ---Yes, I __________ in Nanjing University for four years.A. have study B. have studied C. studied D. was studying
被动语态当句子的主语和谓语动词之间构成被动的意思，一般情况下要用被动语态。注意(1) 在主动语态中，后面跟动词原形的结构，到了被动语态中要加to，常见的 make/ let / see/ hear /notice / find +sb +do sth ------ be made to do / be seen to do / be heard to do / be let to do … He often makes us laugh happily .------ We are made to laugh happily by him.(2) 在主动语态中含有固定搭配的词组，在改被动语态时，介词是不能少的。 She often listens to this song .---This song is often listened to by himThe doctor operated on three patients . ----Three patients were operated on by the doctor.（3）无被动：一般情况下不及物动词是不能用于被动语态的(1) 联系动词是不能用于被动语态的。 The fish smells good./ look , taste , feel , sound(2) happen / take place （注意与hold区别）/ come out / run out / rise(3) 某些动词表示性能特征时，，特别是后加副词（如well， easily等），主动表被动。例如sell，write， wear，wash，cook，open，close，lock，read，record等。如： This kind of radio sells well,这种收音机很畅销。 The cloth washes easily. 这种布很容易洗。 注意区分： The pen writes well. This book is writen by Lu Xun.特殊.have sth done have sb do His parents had the house cleaned.need doing = need to be doneMy hair needs cutting. = my hair needs to be cut.
The student didn’t understand the question until it ____________ (explain) again.
It is said that Underground Line 4 ____________ (finish) in this city in two years.
Honey,you can either watch TV or listen to music, only after your work ____________ (complete).
The rocks that Jim and Harry found ____________ (take) back to the lab for further research.
It’s said that this kind of wine ____________ (produce) in the south of France.
Wangping ____________ (choose) without any doubt to be our monitor last week.
As soon as Steve finishes the job,he ____________ (allow) to have two weeks off.
Neither you nor I ____________ (offer) any information about where to meet him yesterday.
真题
1. Don’t discuss the problems with your partner unless you __________ to do so.
A. ask B. are asked C. will ask D. will be asked
2. The teachers __________ the office for a few minutes when we arrived. We didn’t meet them.
A. had been away from B. had left
C. have been away from D. have left
3. —The light in his room is still on. Do you know __________ —In order to prepare for the coming exam.
A. if he works hard B. why he stays up so late
C. why is he so busy D. when he will stop working
4. —He’s already back to Australia, ___________ — ___________. He is on a visit to Shanghai.
A. isn’t he; No B. hasn’t he; Yes
C. isn’t he; Yes D. hasn’t he; No
5. 一Middle school students don’t know much about shopping online, __________ they
一 ___________. It’s very popular with teenagers.
A.do; No B.do; Yes C.don’t; NO D .don’t; Yes
6. The cakes in the restaurant __________, so they ___________ well.
A.are tasted better; are sold B.are tasted well; sell
C.taste terrible; are sold D.taste nice; sell
7. 一Shall we meet at the station at 8 am —In fact, we ___________. The train ___________ until l0 a.m.
A.mustn’t; doesn’t leave B.mustn’t; leaves
C.needn’t; won’t leave D.needn’t; will leave
8. As the curtain , the famous singer came out. The fans and screamed with excitement.
A. was raised; rose B. had been raised; were raised
C. rose; were raised D. had risen; raised
9. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMS, __________well.
A. sells B. sell C. is sold D.are sold
10. How soon will you start your journey ---I’m not sure. I haven’t decided ____________.
A. when shall I ask the boss for leave B. where I will go to spend the holiday
C. whether I would go by train or by plane D. who could invite me to go
11. —When will the railway that connects the two cities open
— _________next year. Only two thirds___________been built.
A. Until; has B. Until; have C. Not until; has D. Not until; have
12. Hi, Jim. I hear that you’ve just come back from Sanya. I’m calling to ask________ .
A. how did you visit the city B. how many days you’ve spent there
C. which hotel you stayed in Sanya D. how you found the seafood there
13. Mike used to be a top student, but he___________ behind since he lost himself in computer games.
A. fell B. has fallen C. was D. has been
14. —Do you know when we _________ ---I’m not sure. I will tell you about it when the time __________.
A. leave, is fixed B. will leave, is fixed
C. leave, will be fixed D. will leave, will be fixed
二、适当形式填空。
1. When I was young, my grandfather told me that the sun (rise) in the east.
2. The boy (take) to hospital at once after he fell off the tree.
3. —You forgot (close) the window again. —Really I won’t next time.
4. We hope that more charity shows (hold) to raise money for Project Hope.
5. John (chat) with his son while his wife was cooking in the kitchen.
6. Since he fell off the bike, John (lie) in bed for nearly a week.
7. We’ve worked for a long time. Let’s stop (drink) some water.
8. You mustn’t touch the machines unless you (allow) to.
9. —What’s his plan after he leaves school —He (go) to Beijing for further education.
10. —Has the teacher finished marking the exam papers
—Sorry, I don’t know. He (mark) them in the office yesterday afternoon.
一I phoned you yesterday morning, but you were not in. 一We _______________ (fish)by the river.
_________________ (make)sure that there are no mistakes, he will check the paper carefully.
Is the washing machine I have used for a long time worth ________________(fix)
There ________________(not be) much snow here in the past three years.
I don’t know if we _______________(show) around the History Museum tomorrow afternoon.
Although shopping online is fast and easy, you’d better (not be) crazy about it.
It is said that some people (send) to Mars in a few years.
Tom was seen (jump) into the river and help the child out.
—Every student in our class was at the meeting except you. Why
—Sorry, sir. Ms Wang (explain) a maths problem to me.
20. My father (work) in a factory for five years. But now he is a teacher,
21. Isn’t it strange that the cat is used to _________________(lie) beside the dog peacefully
22. I believe that an important moment like this should _________________( not forget).
23. ---Turn off the radio,dear. Baby is sleeping. ---There is no need. He _________________(wake) up.
24. What is he busy doing ---Doing the experiment ________________(complete) the science project.
25. The project they had devoted up to two years to ________________(choose) as the best one at the conference.
26. Outgoing children prefer showing their feelings openly to_______________ (control) them within themselves.
27. —Guo Tao’s new book about his stories with his son______________ (come) out.
—Really Why not go to the bookshop and buy one right now
28. Excuse me, haven’t you been told ________________ (not smoke) in the reading room
29. I can still speak some French now, for I _______________ (teach) Chinese in France for several years.
30. —Why didn’t you say anything —Sorry, I__________________ (reply) to my boss’s message.
31. We____________________(eat) up all the food, but we still feel hungry.
32. ---Have you handed in your project ---No. I ________________(check)it again right away.
33.That is only way we can imagine__________________(reduce) the waste of water in the bathroom.
34. ---Why didn't you watch Running Man on TV
---I_______________ (make) up the music for the coming School Art Festival.
I don't know the competition of model planes_______________(cancel) the other day.
36. I didn’t know ________________（teach）children when I started to work in a primary school.
37. ---Why didn’t you come to open the door for me
---I ________________（wash）dishes in the kitchen and didn’t hear the doorbell.
38. My computer fan doesn’t work. Where can I have it _________________（repair）
39. I don’t think he stole the painting. When he ______________（ask）what he was doing at 7 yesterday evening, he was very calm.
40. ---Is there any mistake in your homework, Jim ---I’m not sure. I ________________（not check）it carefully.
单选
1．The cakes in the restaurant _______，so they _______ well.
A.are tasted better; are sold B.are tasted well; sell
C.taste terrible; are sold D.taste nice; sell
2. We’re sure that the environment in our city ______ greatly through our work in the near future.
A. improved B. was improved C. has improved D. will be improved
3.—When ______ you ______ reading Jane Eyre
—It’s hard to say. I’m busy recently.
A. did; finish B. have; finished C. will; finish D. do; finish
4. The film for ten minutes when we got to the cinema.
A.had begun B.was beginning C.had been on D.has begun
5. The number of cars 　　　 from foreign countries has reached 1.2 million a year.
A. imported B. importing C. were imported D. has imported
6. Yesterday our biology teacher told us that there 　　　 no bones at the bottom of elephants’ feet.
A. are B. were C. had been D. have been
7. Shakespeare’s play Hamlet 　　　 into at least ten different films over the past years.
A. has been made B. has made C. had made D. was made
8. I wonder when they _______ for Beijing. I will go to the train station to see them off when they
_______.
A. will leave; leave B. leave; will leave C. will go; leave D. go; leave
9. -Mike wants to know if_______ a picnic tomorrow.
-Yes. But if it_______, we'll visit the museum instead.
A. you have; will rain B. you will have; will rain
C. you will have; rains D. will you have; rains
10 -Mike, why did you make no reply to me when I called your name in the street just now
-Sorry, Tom. I_______ to my mother on the phone.
A. am talking B. was talking C. talked D. had talked
11. I can’t find my notebook anywhere. I’m afraid I ______it.
A. lose B. lost C. have lost D. was losing
词汇
用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. The book that I borrowed from the library ____________(lay) on the desk last night .
2. He told me that his sister liked listening to music while ______(wait) for the bus.
3. Tony may leave for Pairs if it __________(not be) foggy tomorrow.
4. The machine broke down again and Miss White ____________(regret) buying it.
5 . I’m considering who_____________ (talk) with about the serious problem now.
6. Not only his trousers but also mine (not be) expensive when we bought them.
7. The relatives of the passengers on Flight MH 370 are looking forward to (tell) the truth.
8. I wonder whether they (go) to the park on foot or by taxi the next day.
9. It is said that the problem we paid attention to (affect) the development of our country in five years.
10. _______( compare ) with children, the little boy seems to be polite and helpful.
11. We’ll watch the raising of the national flag unless it _______(rain).
12. After the flood, many more roads need _____________(build).
13. When she arrived, the books____________(spread) all over the floor.
14. What do you think _________(happen) to John if he finds his car has been stolen
15. They _____________(choose) without any doubt to be astronauts in the last two months.
16. — Do you know Linda has moved to Chongqing
— Linda It’s unbelievable. I thought she ________ (enjoy) living here.
17. The big day that I was looking forward to ____________ (come) at last.
18. My mother likes to listen to music while ____________ (drive) to work.
19. ---Tony, I called you many times yesterday evening, but I couldn’t get through.
--- Sorry, but my brother ____________ (chat) on the phone all the time!
20. Much ____________ (do) to improve the air conditions in Beijing in the past few months.
21. The person who is the earliest will get what he or she ____▲___(want).
22. Next week a speech ____▲____(give)by an artist in our school.
阅读理解
I needed to buy a digital camera, one that was just good at taking good photos, maybe sometimes for magazines. I went online, spent 15 minutes reading product reviews on good websites, wrote down the names of three top recommendations and headed for my nearest big friendly camera store. There in the cupboard was one of the cameras on my list. And it was on special offer. I pointed at it and asked an assistant, “Can I have one of those ” He looked perturbed (不安).“Do you want to try it first ” he said. It didn’t quite sound like a question. “Do I need to ” I replied. “There’s nothing wrong with it ” This made him look a bit unhappy and I started to feel bad. “No, no. But you should try it.” he said. “Compare it with the others.”
I looked across at the others: shelves of similar cameras along the wall, offering a wide range(范围) of slightly different prices and discounts, with each company selling a range of models based around the same basic box. With so many models to choose from, it seemed that I would have to spend hours weighing X against Y, always trying to take Z and possibly H into my choice. But when I had finished, I would still have only the same two choices that I had entered the store with: first, soon after I carried my new camera out of the shop, it would be worth half what I paid for it; and second, my wonderful camera would very quickly be replaced by a new model.
In the end, I agreed to try the model I had chosen. The assistant seemed a nice man. So I let him take out my chosen camera from the cupboard, show how it took excellent pictures of some shoppers... and when he started to introduce the special parts, I stopped him and asked whether I needed to buy a carry-case and a memory card as well.
Why do we think that new choices still offer us anything new Perhaps it is because they offer a chance to prevent facing the fact that our real choices in this culture are far more limited than we would like to imagine.
32. The shop assistant insisted that the writer should __________.
A. try the camera to see if there was anything wrong with it
B. compare the camera he had chosen with the others
C. get more information about different companies
D. believe him and stop asking questions
33. What does the writer mean by “it would be worth half what I paid for it”
A. The camera would soon fall in value. B. The price of the camera was very high.
C. The quality of the camera was not good. D. He should get a 50% discount.
34. The writer decided to try the model he had chosen because he __________.
A. knew very little about it
B. didn’t believe the shop assistant
C. had a special interest in taking pictures of shoppers
D. wanted to make sure the one he chose would be the best
35. It can be inferred（推断）from the passage that in the writer’s opinion __________.
A. people waste too much money on cameras
B. cameras have become an important part of our daily life
C. we don’t actually need so many choices when buying a product
D. famous companies care more about the money they can make than quality
阅读填空
A“blog“is a shortened name for a 'web log“．People write blogs about all kinds of things，from news and events to hobbies and reviews．Some people use them just as a simple record of what they have done．
“Blogging“has become very popular as more and more people use the Internet．New technologies have made keeping a blog an easy thing to do，so millions of people now have their own blogs．They are usually free to set up and are easy to update．You can upload pictures onto a blog and link to other websites．To many people，these features make blogs much more useful than traditional diaries．
We are now able to send texts，pictures and videos from our mobile phones directly onto the Web．New technologies like this are making blogging even easier，People also think that blogs are better than newspapers for finding out about news，events and opinions．They like to use blogs because they can get information from everywhere．It looks like blogs are going to become one of the most important ways to find and share information in the near future．
Title：Basic Knowledge of A Blog
What is a blog？ “Blog”is （1）　　　　　　for”web”Writing blogs is like keeping a（2）　　　　　　online
Why are blogs so popular？ The number of the Internet users is（3）　　　　　　They are easy to use and cost nothing
（4）　　　　　　are blogs developing？ Texts，pictures and videos can be sent directly onto the Web from mobile phones now．Blogging will be one of the most important ways to find and share information（5）　　　　　　
参考答案
真题
50. has come , 52.taught 53. was replying
8. D, 49.have eaten, 50.will check, 52. was making 53. was cancelled
5. B. 50-53. was washing, repaired, was asked, haven’t checked
A,D, was dividing,sold, have tidied, were brought
B, repairing, hasn’t appeared, is needed, am looking
have finished, will be dealt, was drawing.
单选 DDCCA AAACBC
词汇
1-5 was laid, waiting, isn’t, regretted, to talk
6-10 Weren’t , being told, will go, will affect, Compared
11-15 rains, building/ to be built , had been spread , will happen/is going to happen , have been chosen
16-20. enjoyed, came; driving; was chatting; has been done;
21. wants 22. will be given
阅读理解
BADC
阅读填空
1．short 2．diary 3．increasing 4．How 5．soon
keys：一、BABAB DCAAB CDDB
二、1.rises 2.was taken 3.to close 4.will be held 5. was chatting 6.has lain
7.to drink 8.are allowed 9.will go 10.was marking 11.were fishing 12.To make
13.fixing 14.hasn’t been 15.will be shown 16.not be 17.will be sent 18.to jump
19.was explaining 20.worked 21.lying 22.not be forgotten 23.has woken
24.to complete 25.was chosen 26.controlling 27.has come 28.not to make
29.taught 30.was replying 31.have eaten 32.will check 33.to reduce 34.was making
35.was cancelled 36.to teach 37.was washing 38.repaired 39.was asked 40.didn’t check