译林版（2020）必修三单元测试：Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world A卷（含答案）

Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world A卷 基础夯实—2021-2022学年高一英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册单元测试AB卷
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Terracotta Army is one of the must-visit attractions for all travellers to China. The attraction is located in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province.
What's special
The Terracotta Army is the buried army of Qin Shi Huang, an ancient Chinese emperor. These ancient sculptures were built and buried over two thousand years ago near the city of Xi’an. They were discovered in 1974 by farmers digging a well to look for underground water. Over eight thousand terracotta warriors and horses have been uncovered since then. Each warrior is made of clay. They are around two meters tall. The sculptures are so detailed that it is possible to guess the age, rank and personality of each one. None of the warriors are the same.
The best time to visit
The Terracotta Army is an indoor attraction, which is not likely to be affected by weather, so it can be visited all year round. As the museum is one of the must-visit attractions in China, it is crowded most of the time. We advise our customers to avoid the following periods when the museum is particularly crowded:
National Day holidays (October 1-7), when it is fully packed.
Labour Day holidays
Weather in winter is dry, cold and the least comfortable, and it's also the worst season for air quality, but it's also low season.
Travel style: private, group or independent
A private tour means a lot of flexibility (灵活性), and you will be well taken care of by a private guide and a driver. The museum is crowded most of the time, but our guides know how to escape the crowd, and help you to enjoy more in the museum. See our 3-Day Terracotta Warriors Private Tour.
Going with a group you won't get lost, but it lacks flexibility and personal service.
Travelling on your own, you may meet a lot of trouble, such as wasting time in finding a taxi or public bus to the attraction, lining up for tickets, reading maps, making sense of Chinese signs, etc.
1.What can we know about the Terracotta Army from the first two paragraphs
A.It is discovered by workers. B.The soldiers are made of clay.
C.The soldiers are of the same age. D.It is located in the center of Xi'an.
2.Which is the best time to avoid the crowd
A.Summer holidays. B.National Day holidays.
C.Labour Day holidays. D.Clear winter days.
3.If you want to travel with the least trouble, which should you choose
A.A private tour. B.A tour group.
C.Travelling on your own. D.A family tour.
B
Wang Daheng, Father of Chinese Optical Engineering
In 1949, the field of applied optical(光学) science didn't exist in China. Understanding its importance for national strength, the Chinese government paid much attention to optical research.
Wang Daheng, a respected optical physicist, devoted his whole life to this cause. He kept watching on the development of China's first optical glass, first electronic microscope, first laser device, and first large-size optical measuring equipment, and helped to found the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He was called the Father of Chinese Optical Engineering.WWW.
As a teenager, Wang Daheng often followed his father to the observatory and became greatly interested in the apparatus(仪器) there. In 1936, he graduated from Tsinghua University with a degree in physics. Two years later, he won a government scholarship to study in England, After earning his master's degree from Imperial College London in 1940, he began his doctoral studies in optical physics and technology.
In 1948, Wang gave up his established career and comfortable life in the West and returned to his motherland with the aim of empowering it(增强它的 自主权) through science and technology. At the time China did not have the capability to produce optical measuring equipment on its own. In 1951, Wang was instructed to found an institute of fine mechanics and was appointed its first president. Within less than two years, Wang and his team produced the first group of China-made optical glass. Over the following six years, they went on to develop the country's first electronic microscope, first high-precision theodolite (经纬仪), first optical range finder, and five other optical devices, laying the foundation for China's precision optical instrument industry. In 1961, they independently developed the ruby laser in China. In addition to scientific research, Wang advanced the study of optics in higher education.
Starting in the 1960s, Wang participated in optical research related to the development of nuclear bombs, missiles, and man-made satellites. In 1970, China successfully launched the Dongfanghong I satellite, of which Wang was one of the designers. When the satellite returned to Earth, the devices they designed brought back clear images of our home planet seen from the outer space for the first time.
To close the technological gap between China and developed countries, Wang and three other scientists made the suggestion of drawing up a state hi-tech development plan in 1986, which led to the famous 863 Program.
In 1992, Wang and a group of other scientists called for the creation of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. In the following years, he won many honors from the state. He passed away in Beijing aged 96 on July 21, 2011 after living a full and fruitful life.
1.Why did Wang Daheng return to China from the West
A.To earn his master's degree. B.To get together with his family.
C.To do contribution to his country. D.To win honors in the motherland.
2.Why is Wang Daheng called the Father of Chinese Optical Engineering
A.Because he drew up the hi-tech development plan.
B.Because he participated in the optical research.
C.Because he was a famous and respected physicist.
D.Because he achieved many firsts in optical engineering.
3.Which word can best describe Wang Daheng
A.Friendly. B.Positive. C.Devoted. D.Humorous.
4.The passage is organized in the order of _______.
A.time B.space C.importance D.effectiveness
C
I remember doing the household chores to help my mother when I was nine. I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) bag and picking up things the machine did not suck up. Twenty years later, in 1978 , with this lifelong dislike of the way the machine worked, I decided to make a bagless one.
Easier said than done, of course. I didn't realise that I would spend the next five years perfecting my design, a process that resulted in 5,127 different prototypes (样机). By the time I made my 15th prototype, my third child was born. By 2,627, my wife and I were really counting our pennies. By 3,727, my wife was giving art lessons for some extra cash, and we were getting further and further into debt. These were tough times, but each failure brought me closer to solving the problem.
In the early 1980s, I started trying to get licencing agreements for my technology. The reality was very different, however. The major vacuum makers had built a business model based on the profits from bags and filters (过滤器) . No one would licence my idea, not because it was a bad one, but because it was bad for business. But soon after, the companies that I had talked with started making machines like mine. I had to fight legal battles on both sides of the Atlantic to protect the patents on my vacuum cleaner.
I was still in financial difficulties until 1993, when my bank manager personally persuaded Lloyds Bank to lend me $1 million. Then my machine was able to go into production. Within two years, the Dyson vacuum cleaner became a bestseller in Britain.
Today, I still embrace the risk and the potential for failure as part of the process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention.
1.What drove the author to make a bagless vacuum cleaner
A.His willingness to help his mother. B.His curiosity about machines.
C.His trouble in doing family chores. D.His discontent with existing cleaners.
2.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A.The help from the author's wife. B.The financial problems of the family.
C.The tough process of the new invention. D.The procedure in making a bagless cleaner.
3.Why did the companies refuse to licence the author's technology
A.They thought they might suffer loss. B.They considered it not good enough.
C.They faced legal problems themselves. D.They had begun making such machines.
4.What lesson may we learn from the author's experience
A.Think twice before acting. B.Failure is the mother of success.
C.Actions speak louder than words. D.A good beginning makes a good ending.$来&源：
D
British parents encourage their children to play musical instruments as part of a family tradition rather than raise their children's competitiveness as the American parents do.
Dr Aaron Reeves from Oxford University found that the UK parents did not see musical practice as character building or useful in getting university places or jobs for their children. Instead, they usually encouraged their children to follow their interests.$来&源：
This is different from what the other researchers had found in America. Middle-class parents in the US appear to associate these cultural practices with other worldly benefits and often center these music activities around the school subjects.
Researchers think that it may be due to the fact that the US parents have become increasingly worried about providing their children with skills and abilities enabling them to stand out from their competitors.
However, for British parents, no such direct connection was made with future educational or job advantages. The parents interviewed here did not connect music with usefulness but rather they just paid attention to the value of music as a family tradition and, to some degree, as something valuable in its own right.
One Scottish parent said during an interview, "We've got two learning musical instruments. If they think it is fun, we try and encourage them, but we wouldn't force them." Another housewife said, "My son has just turned five and I want him to play the guitar because his uncle is good at it, but it's up to my son."
"Lots of UK parents don't think music practice could be very helpful for the children's confidence or school success. They say that it takes time and some talent for the children to gain a competing advantage," said Dr Reeves. "I think they are right. "
1.What does the underlined word "their" in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.The US parents'. B.The UK children's.
C.The UK parents'. D.The US children's.
2.What do British parents think of music learning
A.It is useful for their children to get better jobs.
B.It can be helpful to build their children's confidence.
C.It helps their children to succeed in their schoolwork.
D.It would be better to take it as a hobby for the children.
3.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.Both the US and UK parents are right.
B.The other researchers' findings are misleading.
C.Dr Reeves agrees more with the UK parents.
D.Only the talented children can benefit from music learning.
4.What is the text mainly about
A.The benefits of extra music learning for children.
B.The American parents' attitude towards music learning.
C.Differences in the British and American parenting styles.
D.Different attitudes towards music learning in the UK and the USA.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
After the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP), the World Health Organization(WHO) has offered basic protective measures to the public against the virus.
1. Wash hands frequently with soap and water or use alcohol-based hand rub if your hands are not visibly dirty. ①_____.
2. ②_____. If you sneeze or cough into your hands, you may contaminate(污染) objects or people that you touch. Throw tissues immediately into a closed bin and clean your hands with alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water.
3. Keep at least one-meter distance between yourself and other people, particularly those who are coughing, sneezing or having a fever, because coughs or sneezes of people who are infected with the disease project(喷射) small drops containing the vims. ③_____.
4. Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth because hands touch many surfaces, which can be contaminated with the virus. If you touch your eyes, nose or mouth with your contaminated hands, you can transfer the virus from the surface to yourself.
5. Tell your health care provider if you have traveled in an area where the epidemic(流行病) has been reported, or if you have been in close contact with someone who has respiratory(呼吸的) symptoms.
6. Practice general hygiene(卫生) measures, when visiting live animal markets, wet markets or animal product markets. ④_____. Avoid contact with potentially contaminated animal waste or fluids on the soil or structures of shops and market facilities.
7. ⑤_____. Handle raw meat, milk, or animal organs carefully to avoid cross-contamination with uncooked food.
A. Avoid eating animal products
B. If you are too close to these people, you can breathe in the virus
C. This helps to know if the vims is on your hands
D. Avoid eating raw or undercooked animal products
E. This helps to remove the virus if it’s on your hands
F. Strictly avoid any contact with animals in the market
G. Cover your mouth and nose with tissues when coughing and sneezing
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Tom was a middle-aged businessman whose repeated failure in his work made him an upset man, often complaining(抱怨) that others had been playing tricks on him. One day he told his wife he was so 1 with the city that he had to leave.
So his family moved to 2 city. It was in the evening of a weekend when Tom and his wife were busy 3 up their new home that the light suddenly went out. So they had to 4 work. Because Tom had forgotten to bring along candles, he had to wait helplessly in a low mood. Just then he heard slight knocks on his door that sounded clear in the 5 night.
"Who's it " he wondered, since Tom had no 6 in the new city. And this was the moment he especially disliked being disturbed or troubled. 7 , he went unwillingly to the door and opened it impatiently. At the door was a little girl, shyly asking, "Sir, do you have 8 I'm your neighbour." "No!" answered Tom in anger and he shut the door 9 , He complained about it to his wife," As soon as we settled down, the neighbour came to borrow things." After a while, the door was knocked again. He opened it and found the 10 girl outside. But this time she was holding two candles, saying," My grandma told me the new neighbour downstairs might need candles. She 11 me here to give you these." Tom was very 12 by what he saw. When he fully understood, he said, "Thank you and your 13 . God bless you!"
At that moment he suddenly realized what caused his 14 in life. It was his coldness and unkindness to other people. The person who had cheated him in life was in reality nobody else but himself, for he had fallen for his heartless 15 .
1.A.inspired B.satisfied C.disappointed D.confused
2.A.any B.other C.every D.another
3.A.ending B.looking C.cleaning D.turning
4.A.quit B.start C.change D.continue
5.A.strange B.quiet C.noisy D.crowded
6.A.doctor B.friend C.stranger D.audience
7.A.So B.Though C.However D.Moreover
8.A.beer B.rolls C.plates D.candles
9.A.humbly B.strongly C.slightly D.entirely
10.A.same B.pretty C.energetic D.confident
11.A.sent B.forced C.prohibited D.suggested
12.A.pleased B.sad C.surprised D.frightened
13.A.brother B.mother C.father D.grandma
14.A.goal B.failure C.success D.schedule
15.A.mind B.idea C.brain D.thought
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing Opera roles require performers to paint ①________ faces in patterns and colours to represent different character types and ②________(quality).
In Beijing Opera, facial painting can be quite complex. However, in the ③_________(begin), only three colours were used — red, white and black. Now, many other colours, such as yellow, purple, blue and green, ④_________(use) for facial painting.
Red is a colour for brave and loyal characters. Guan Yu, a general from the Three Kingdoms period, is a good example of this kind of character. He is famous ⑤_________ being very loyal to his emperor, Liu Bei.
White highlights all ⑥_________ is bad in human nature. It ⑦_________(suggest) dishonesty and betrayal(背叛). One of the typical white-faced characters is Cao Cao, a ⑧_________(power) and cruel prime minister from the Three Kingdoms period.
Black facial painting is ⑨_________(usual) used for someone who is bold and frank. One typical example is General Zhang Fei from the classic novel, the Romance of the Three Kingdoms.
All these different colours are used in Beijing Opera facial painting ⑩_________(provide) a clear picture of each character.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）$来&源：
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华,你所在学校的英语协会拟举办一场英语演讲比赛,请给外教 Mr. Smith 写一封邮件,邀请他担任比赛的评委。信的内容要点如下:
1.比赛于下周六上午在学校大礼堂举行,九点开始;
2.参赛选手共15人;
3.期待其担任评委。
参考词汇:礼堂auditorium 比赛者contestant
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当増加细节,以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
The quilt (被子) took a lot of time. But the messages on it were meaningful.
When I started my current project, I woke up every day with new ideas and fresh enthusiasm. I really believed in the importance of what I wanted to create, and I had my husband, Claudio, to cheer me on. But then, things had gotten hard. I injured my shoulder and my recovery was slow. In the middle of it, I lost Claudio to cancer. I was discouraged, lonely, and without Claudio's comfort. Facing down the half-finished quilt in my sewing room one morning soon after his death, I could hardly gather the energy to sew it.资*源%库
The quilt was meant to be a way to keep my old nursing class together. We'd graduated from Mercy College over 40 years before and quickly worked all over the country. After our last anniversary party, I tried to find ways for everyone to stay in touch, but nothing ever seemed to work out. I knew I needed to find a connection to share at a distance. I thought about a quilt.资*源%库
I got in touch with as many of my old classmates as I could. Everyone who wanted to join the project was sent a piece of fabric (布料).They could sign it or write a personal message. Once I got the pieces back, I'd sew them into the finished piece.
I rubbed my painful shoulder and ran my hand over the unfinished quilt. Even after several operations, movement in my left arm was limited. There was still so much to do. Our class's forty-fifth anniversary party was coming up but my heart wasn't in this project anymore. With Claudio's encouragement I'd kept at it despite my painful shoulder. But Claudio was gone now. Working on the quilt was impossible with my aches and pains. Why was I even trying I covered up my sewing machine and left the quilt as it was.
Paragraph 1:
Weeks passed but I didn't sew a thing.____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I arrived at our forty-fifth anniversary party.________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3.BDA
解析：1.考查细节理解。根据What's special 部分中的"Each warrior is made of clay"可知,兵马俑是由黏土做成的。故选B项。··
2.考查细节理解。根据The best time to visit 部分中的"Weather in winter is dry, cold and the least comfortable, and it's also the worst season for air quality, but it's also low season"可知,冬季是去兵马俑旅游的淡季,不拥挤。故选D项。
3.考查细节理解。根据Travel style: private, group or independent 部分中的"A private tour means a lot of flexibility(活), and you will be well taken care of by a private guide and a driver"以及另外两种方式的介绍可知,私人行意味着灵活性很大,私人导游和司机会精心照顾你,因此麻烦最少。故选A项。
B
答案：1-4.CDCA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句In 1948, Wang gave up his established career and comfortable life in the West and returned to his motherland with the aim of empowering it(增强它的自主权) through science and technology.可知,王大珩之所以从西方回到中国是为了给国家做贡献,故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段中He kept watching on the development of China's first optical glass, first electronic microscope, first laser device, and first large-size optical measuring equipment, and helped to found the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He was called the Father of Chinese Optical Engineering.可知,王大珩之所以被称为“中国光学工程之父”是因为他在光学工程方面取得了许多第一,故选D项。
3.推理判断题。根据全文特别是第二段第一句Wang Daheng, a respected optical physicist, devoted his whole life to this cause.可知,描述王大珩的最佳词语是"Devoted",故选C项。
4.推理判断题。根据第三段中In 1936, Two years later After earning... in 1940,第四段中In 1948、In 1951、Over the following six years、In 1961,以及后面三段中的Starting in the 1960s、In 1970、in 1986、In 1992、on July 21,2011可以看出,这篇文章是按时间顺序组织的,故选A项。
C
答案：1-4.DCAB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段末尾句内容“I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) bag and picking up things the machine did not suck up. Twenty years later, in 1978, with this lifelong dislike of the way the machine worked, I decided to make a bagless one.”我讨厌换真空吸尘器的袋子，讨厌把吸尘器吸不进去的东西捡起来。二十年后，也就是1978年，我对这台机器的工作方式一直很反感，于是决定做一台无袋的。可知，对于真空吸尘器的反感导致了作者研制一种无袋吸尘器。故选D项。
2.主旨大意题。通读文章第二段内容，可知其段落结构为总分总结构，首句内容“Easier said than done, of course.”和末尾句内容“These were tough times, but each failure brought me closer to solving the problem.”点明本段主旨要义，即作者发明无袋吸尘器过程中遇到的一些困难。故选C项。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“The major vacuum makers had built a business model based on the profits from bags and filters. No one would license my idea, not because it was a bad one, but because it was bad for business”可知，没人会认可作者的想法是因为真空吸尘器的包装袋和过滤器能够给商家带来盈利，而作者发明的无袋吸尘器会使商家失去原有的能够带来盈利的部分，因此商家担心其不能带来盈利反而可能会导致损失。故选A项。WWW.
4.推理判断题。作者在文章末尾点明主旨，揭示道理：Today, I still embrace risk and the potential for failure as part of the process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention.可知，作者的“无袋吸尘器”发明经历使他明白了风险和失败在发明过程中是可能存在的。故选B项。
D
答案：1-4.BDCD
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国父母和美国父母对培养孩子乐器方面的能力持有不同的观点。
1.词义猜测题。根据第二段中的"the UK parents did not..."可知,本段讲的是英国父母,所以their指代的是他们的孩子。故选B。
2.推时判断题。根据第二段的内容可知,英国牛津大学教授Aaron Reeves说,研究发现,英国父母并不认为音乐训练有助于孩子性格的培养,也无助于孩子上大学或找到工作。相反,他们通常鼓励孩子们追随自己的兴趣。由此可推断出英国父母让孩子们把乐器当成是一种兴趣。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,许多英国家长认为,音乐练习对孩子的自信或学业成功没有太大帮助。他们说,孩子们需要时间和一些天赋才能获得竞争优势。 Dr Reeves认为他们是对的。由此可推断出, Dr Reeves更赞成英国父母们的观点。故选C。
4.主旨大意题。根据第一段的内容可知,英国父母鼓励孩子玩乐器作为家庭传统的一部分,而不是像美国父母培养孩子的竞争力。文章开篇就表明主题,指出英国父母和美国父母对培养孩子乐器方面的能力持有不同的观点。故选D。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ EGBFD
解析：①根据上文可知, 经常用肥皂和水洗手, 如果你的手不是很明显地脏,可以用含酒精的洗手液; E项承接上文, 说明这有助于去除病毒, 故选E。
②根据下文可知,如果你打喷嚏或咳嗽时用手捂着,你可能会污染你接触的物体或人。据此可知, 咳嗽和打喷嚏时应当用纸巾捂住口鼻, 故G项正确。
③根据上文可知, 与他人保持至少一米的距离,尤其是那些咳嗽、打喷嚏或者发烧的人, 因为感染了这种疾病的人咳嗽或打喷嚏时会喷出含有这种病毒的小液滴。据此可知, 如果你离得太近, 你会吸入病毒。故B项正确。
④根据上文可知, 到访活生动物市场、水货市场或动物产品市场时, 应注意卫生。根据下文可知, 避免接触商店和市场设施的土壤或建筑物上的可能被污染的动物粪便或液体。 F项承上启下, 说明应当严格避免在市场上接触动物。故选F。
⑤根据下文可知, 小心处理生肉、牛奶或动物器官, 避免与未煮熟的食物交叉污染。据此可知, 我们应当避免进食生的或未煮熟的动物产品,故选D。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5 CDCAB 6-10 BCDBA 11-15 ACDBA
解析：1.考查形容词词义辨析。inspired品质优秀的; satisfied满意的; disappointed失望的; confused迷惑的。根据上文中的 often complaining (抱怨) that others had been playing tricks cm him 可知汤姆认为别人总是捉弄他, 所以他对这个地方非常失望, 想离开。故选C。
2.考查限定词词义辨析。any任一, 任何的; other另外的, 其他的; every每一个, 每个的; another不同的, 另一个。根据第三段中的since Tom had no 26 in the new city 可知汤姆搬到了另一个城市, 但是没有特指某个城市。故选D。
3.考查动词短语辨析。end up最终成为; look up查阅; clean up打扫; turn up开大, 调高。根据下文their new home 可知此处表示打扫新家。故选C。
4.考查动词词义辨析。quit放弃, 停止, 离开; start开始; change改变; continue继续。根据上文中的…that the light suddenly went out可知停电了, 所以他们只好停止打扫。故选A。
5.考查形容词词义辨析。strange奇怪的; quiet安静的; noisy喧闹的, 吵闹的; crowded拥挤的。根据上文Just then he heard slight knocks on his door可知在安静的夜晚, 他听见了敲门声, 敲门声和安静的夜晚形成对比。故选B。
6.考查名词词义辨析。doctor医生; friend朋友; stranger陌生人; audience观众, 听众。根据下文in the new city可知此处表示汤姆在这个新城市里没有朋友。故选B。
7.考查副词。so因此, 所以; though可是; 然而(其后不用逗号隔开); however无论如何, 不管怎样, 然而; moreover而且, 此外。根据下文 he went unwillingly to the door and opened it impatiently可知虽然这个时候他不喜欢被打扰, 但是他还是不情愿地开门了, 前后文是转折关系, 且空后有逗号, 故选C。
8.考查名词词义辨析。beer啤酒; roll卷轴, 滚动, 小面包条; plate盘子; candle蜡烛。根据下文中的But this time she was holding two candles可知小女孩问的是蜡烛。故选D。
9.考查副词词义辨析。humbly低声下气地, 谦逊地; strongly强有力地, 坚定地; slightly轻微地, 稍微; entirely完全地, 彻底地。根据上文answered Tom in anger可知他生气了, 所以会用力地关门。故选B。
10.考查形容词词义辨析。same相同的, 同一的; pretty漂亮的; energetic精力充沛的; confident自信的。此处指的是上文的 a little girl。故选 A。
11.考查动词词义辨析。send派遣, 安排去; force强迫; prohibit阻止, 禁止; suggest建议, 暗示。根据下文to give you these可知小女孩的奶奶告诉她新邻居可能没有蜡烛, 所以叫她送蜡烛过来。故选A。
12.考查形容词词义辨析。pleased高兴的; sad伤心的, 难过的; surprised感到惊讶的; frightened害怕的, 受惊的。根据上文中的 But this time she was holding two candles 可知汤姆对于眼前的事情感到很惊讶。故选C。
13.考查名词词义辨析。brother兄, 弟; mother母亲, 妈妈; father父亲, 爸爸; grandma奶奶, 外婆。根据上文中的My grandma told me the new neighbour downstairs might need candles. 可知此处表示汤姆感谢小女孩和她奶奶。故选D。
14.考查名词词义辨析。goal目标; failure失败; success成功; schedule工作计划, 日程安排。根据第一段中的Tom was ...whose repeated failure in his work 及空处下文中的 It was his coldness and unkindness to other people. 可知汤姆意识到是什么导致了他的失败。故选B。
15.考查名词词义辨析。mind思想, 思维; idea想法, 主意, 概念; brain头脑, 智力; thought主意, 想法。根据heartless可知此处表示的是汤姆的思想, 因为他冷漠无情的思想, 生活中欺骗他的不是别人, 正是他自己。故选A。
第二节
答案：their; qualities; beginning; are used; for; that; suggests; powerful; usually; to provide
解析：①考查代词。根据空后的faces可知,此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故填their。
②考查名词复数。根据上文中的"different character types"可知,空处应用名词的复数形式。quality “品德,品性”,一般用复数。
③考查词形转换。in the beginning意为“起初,首先”,是固定搭配。
④考查时态和语态。根据Now可知时态为一般现在时。many other colours和use之间是被动关系,故填are used。
⑤考查介词。他因对他的君主刘备非常忠诚而出名。be famous for“因……而著名”是固定搭配,故这里用for。
⑥考查定语从句。白色突出了所有人性中坏的一面。先行词是不定代词all时,关系词用that。
⑦考查时态和主谓一致。它表明了不诚实和背叛。根据全文的时态可知,这里应用一般现在时,表示一种实际情况;且主语为It,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故用suggests。
⑧考查形容词。其中一个典型的白脸人物是曹操,他是三国时期一位有权势的、残酷的丞相。这里应用形容词powerful作定语修饰prime minister。
⑨考查副词。黑脸谱通常被用来代表残暴的人。这里用副词usually修饰动词used。
⑩考查不定式。所有这些不同的颜色被使用在京剧脸谱中,为每个人物提供了清晰的形象。根据语境可知,这里用不定式作目的状语。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：Dear Smith,
I'm Li Hua. On behalf of our school English Association, I am writing to invite you to serve as a judge for the approaching English Speech Contest.
The contest will take place at 9:00 on next Saturday morning in the school auditorium, during which 15 well-prepared contestants will deliver their speeches. ①Both teachers and students attach great importance to this activity, which will be beneficial to students' spoken English. ②Your presence as a judge would be honourable to us.
We hope you will accept the invitation if convenient. Your favourable reply will be appreciated.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：Paragraph 1:
Weeks passed but I didn't sew a thing. I saw it one afternoon when I went into my sewing room. Quilting pieces covered the table. They were filled with colorful messages from my old classmates at Mercy College. I picked one up:" Mercy sisters — friends forever!" The handwriting was messy, but the statement was true. I could almost imagine my old friends right beside me, whispering words of hope and love. Maybe I'm not as alone as I thought. Suddenly my project no longer seemed so frightening. No time to waste. I uncovered my sewing machine and got to work.
Paragraph 2:
I arrived at our forty-fifth anniversary party. I was equipped with pictures of the finished quilt. The ladies cheered as the photos went from hand to hand, one dear friend to another. I couldn't wait for them to hold the real thing, for them to be wrapped in the comfort of old friends, just like I had been when I needed it most.