考专题训练——限制性定语从句
1.This is the reason ______ he didn't come to the meeting.( )
A.in which B.with which C.that D.for which
2.The place ________ interested me most was the Children's Palace.( )
A.which B.where C.what D.in which
3.A real friend is someone _________ support we can count on.( )
A.that B.which C.who D.whose
4.My brother wrote the things and people______he was interested in.( )
A.that B.which C.who D.whom
5.Tik Tok is an invention ______ can help people share photos,ideas and feelings easily.( )
A.whose B.what C.which D.it
6.There was a time ________ we used foreign oil.( )
A.that B.when C.which D.while
7.It was the typhoon _____was called Tiange______hit Guangdong the other day.( )
A.which;that B.what;which C.that;who D.that;which
8.Do you remember those days________we had a good time along the seashore?( )
A.when B.that C.which D.what
9.﹣I can't find Mr Smith.Where did you meet him this morning?
﹣It was in his office _______ he worked.( )
A.where B.which C.that D.the one
10.Many university graduates wish to be offered a job ________ they can find an opportunity to experience the excitement of it.( )
A.which B.why C.where D.what
11.Do you know the boy____ father works in a shoe factory?( )
A.which B.who C.whose D.that
12.I have bought the same dress_____she is wearing.( )
A.as B.that C.which D.than
13.It was in the supermarket ______ she went shopping yesterday ______ she came across her idol.( )
A.that,when B.where,when C.where,that D.that,that
14.You're the only person ______ I've ever met ______ could do it.( )
A.who; / B./; whom C.whom; / D./; who
15.The result was not the same ____ the professor had expected,____ was rather disappointing.( )
A.as; which B.which; as
C.as; that D.that; which
16.The gentleman _____ you told me the day before yesterday proved to be a thief.( )
A.who B.about whom C.whom D.with whom
17.Make your bedroom a place_____you feel comfortable.( )
A.where B.when C.that D.whose
18.I saw a man shouting at a driver ______ car was blocking the street.( )
A.that B.which C.whose D.who
19.In the past few years,he has collected a lot of ancient coins,__________date back to the Ming and Qing Dynasties.( )
A.most of them B.most of which
C.most of that D.most of whom
20.It was a small village __________ name I have forgotten.( )
A.which B.whose C.when D.where
21.﹣ Do you know everyone ________ came to the party?
﹣ No, I don't know the one ________ you had a long talk with.( )
A./; whom B.which; that
C.that; which D.who; /
22.5.London is the only place ______ I am fond of in the UK.( )
A.which B.that C.where D.what
23.The CCTV Spring Festival Gala is a big stage many new actors or actresses are to become famous.( )
A.where B.when C.that D.which
24.After graduation from high school we will reach a point we have to decide which university to attend.( )
A.that B.what C.which D.where
25.We have entered an age _________ dreams have the best chance of coming true.( )
A.where B.that C.when D.how
26.So far as I know,there is nothing in the world can frighten him.( )
A.that B.who C.which D.where
27.It was in this school ______ name he will never forget ______he won the speaking competition about ____ the army and rescue workers made joint effort to return the earthquake disaster area to normal.( )
A.of which the; that; how
B.where; where; why
C.whose; that; the reason
D.its; that; how
28.Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _____ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.( )
A.where B.when C.who D.which
29.Anyone __________ this opinion may speak out.( )
A.that againsts B.that against
C.who is against D.who are against
30.It is not what he said but _______ he said it _______ surprised me.( )
A.the way; that
B.in the way that; that
C.in the way; which
D.the way which; which
31.Friendships are like flowers_____need to be taken good care of.( )
A.who B.whose C.when D.which
32.This is an occasion ________ you must take things seriously.( )
A.which B.what C.that D.where
33.The engineer ______ my father works is about 50 years old.( )
A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D.with whom
34.The reason_____I did not perform well at school last week was my poor﹣quality sleep.( )
A.when B.why C.where D.that
35.She lived in the house she used to visit.( )
A.which B.whom C.who D.what
36.So,it was a win﹣win situation _______was why we did not hesitate _______ with them.( )
A.where,to partner B.which,to partner
C.where,partnering D.which,partnering
37.Is there a bookshop around ______ I can buy an English and Chinese dictionary?( )
A.which B.where C.that D.what
38.Why not try another way _____ you may do your experiment better and more quickly?( )
A.by which B.that C.which D.in that
39.The digital age enables us to find people _____ share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing instruments.( )
A.which B.who C.when D.where
40.Can you lend me the book ______ the other day?( )
A.about which you talked
B.which you talked
C.about that you talked
D.that you talked
41.The pen he wrote that book can now be seen in a museum.( )
A.with which B.on which C.for which D.in which
42.She often parks her car near the house _____she can easily get to.( )
A.where B.who C.which D.what
43.The only thing________is wrong with this is what my brother said to me the other day.( )
A.which B.what C.that D.where
44.Bad language is a stage ________ all children go through, and it dies with time ________ they learn they're not attracting attention with it.( )
A.that…when B.when…when
C.where…after D.which…that
45.Both Stan Lee and Louis Cha may have stopped writing in the 1970s,but their works live on and will continue to change the way we think and act.( )
A.how B.which C.what D.that
46.He's such a remarkable tennis player ______________ seems to get the credit he deserves.( )
A.that B.as C.which D.whom
47.I missed those days_____I slept well.( )
A.that B.which C.where D.when
48.When he goes to his hometown,he always wants to visit the place he grew up.( )
A.which B.that C.where D.on which
49.Communication technology has entered the 5 G era, will surely bring great changes to our life.( )
A.when B.what C.which D.where
50.When I was a child, I would play with my friends in the place used to be an old park.( )
A.where B.who C.which D.when
参考答案与试题解析
1.This is the reason ______ he didn't come to the meeting.( )
A.in which B.with which C.that D.for which
【分析】这就是他不来开会的原因.
【解答】答案D.
分析句子结构可知,横线处到句末为定语从句,先行词为"the reason",定语从句中句子成分完整,不缺少成分,应该用关系副词;由于先行词是指原因,因此应该用关系副词"why/for which",先行词在句中作状语,表原因.C项符合语境,故选c.
【点评】本题考查定语从句.解答此类题目首先要读懂句意分析成分,找出先行词和定语从句.然后分析定语从句中是否缺成分,如果缺少主宾表,要用关系代词(which、that、who、whose、whom、as),如果缺少状语,要用关系副词(where,when或why).
2.The place ________ interested me most was the Children's Palace.( )
A.which B.where C.what D.in which
【分析】使我最感兴趣的地方是儿童宫.
【解答】答案A.考查定语从句.先行词是the place,在定语从句中做主语,所以用which来引导.B D 在定语从句中做状语,what不能引导定语从句,
故选:A.
【点评】定语从句又称为形容词性从句,综观历年高考试题,我们可以发现该语法项目是测试中的热点与难点,解定语从句的题目首先要知道哪一句是主句,哪一句是从句,被修饰的词是谁,从句中的句子成分缺失什么,根据缺失成分的不同从而选出相对应的关系代词或者关系副词,从而选出正确的答案,解题的关键是从句句子的成分分析.
3.A real friend is someone _________ support we can count on.( )
A.that B.which C.who D.whose
【分析】真正的朋友是我们可以依靠的人。
【解答】分析句子可知,_________ support we can count on在句中作定语从句,先行词someone,指代 friend,在从句中作定语,表"朋友的"故用关系代词whose引导。故选:D。
【点评】理解句意,熟练掌握定语从句及引导词的正确用法。
4.My brother wrote the things and people______he was interested in.( )
A.that B.which C.who D.whom
【分析】我的弟弟写了一些他感兴趣的事情和人们.
【解答】答案:A 考查限制性定语从句.分析句子结构可知这是一个定语从句,先行词things and people在从句中作介词in的宾语,当先行词中既有人又有物时,只能用关系代词that.故选A项.其它三项不符合语法规则故选:A。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来.引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分.如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句.
5.Tik Tok is an invention ______ can help people share photos,ideas and feelings easily.( )
A.whose B.what C.which D.it
【分析】Tik Tok是一项可以帮助人们轻松分享照片、想法和感受的发明。
【解答】根据句意和句子结构可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为an invention,指物,故用关系代词which引导从句。
故选:C。
【点评】限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用,关系代词that,which,whom,who,whose以及关系副词when,where等,没有明显的逗号把从句与主语分开,表达的意思为被修饰词的一个定语。
6.There was a time ________ we used foreign oil.( )
A.that B.when C.which D.while
【分析】有段时间我们曾经用过外国石油.
【解答】本题考查定语从句,先行词是a time,定语从句中不缺主宾表,缺少时间状语,用when引导定语从句.
故选:B.
【点评】本题考查定语从句,首先确定先行词,然后分析定语从句的成分,看定语从句缺少什么成分,判断是用关系代词还是关系副词.
7.It was the typhoon _____was called Tiange______hit Guangdong the other day.( )
A.which;that B.what;which C.that;who D.that;which
【分析】前几天袭击广东的是名字叫天鸽的台风.
【解答】考查限制性定语从句和强调句.句意:前几天袭击广东的是名字叫天鸽的台风.分析句意和结构可知:_____was called Tiange是the typhoon的定语从句,空格处是主语,排除B;第二个空是强调句结构中的that,所以排除CD选项.
故选:A。
【点评】平时多多积累句型用法,配合练习巩固所学.
8.Do you remember those days________we had a good time along the seashore?( )
A.when B.that C.which D.what
【分析】你还记得我们在海边玩得很开心的那些日子吗?
【解答】此处days是先行词,在后面的定语从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导从句,A项正确。
故选:A。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
9.﹣I can't find Mr Smith.Where did you meet him this morning?
﹣It was in his office _______ he worked.( )
A.where B.which C.that D.the one
【分析】﹣我没有找到史密斯先生.今天早上你在什么地方碰到他的?﹣在他上班的办公室.
【解答】答案:A
句中he worked作office的定语,是一个定语从句;从句结构完整,先行词office表示地点,要用where来引导;注意这不是强调句型,因为特殊疑问句要问什么答什么,前面问的是地点,后面要回答地点.
故选:A.
【点评】定语从句是用来修饰名词的形容词性从句,相当于一个形容词.连接定语从句的引导词分为关系代词和关系副词,关系代词在从句中要作主语或宾语;关系副词在从句中作状语.这也是选择关系词的一个判断方法.
10.Many university graduates wish to be offered a job ________ they can find an opportunity to experience the excitement of it.( )
A.which B.why C.where D.what
【分析】很多大学毕业生希望得到一份工作,他们能在工作中找到机会体验工作的兴奋.
【解答】答案是C.本题考查定语从句;本题定语从句的先行词是 a job,把先行词 a job 带入到定语从句,完整的定语从句是"they can find an opportunity to experience the excitement of it in the job";可见 in the job在从句中充当地点状语,故使用关系副词where,故选C.在定语从句中当先行词是situation,job,stage,case等抽象名词并且在从句中做状语时,定语从句中使用关系副词where.
故选:C.
【点评】选择定语从句中的关系词,首先要理解各关系词的用法;然后找准先行词,将先行词带入到定语从句;最后根据先行词在定语从句中的作用判断关系词.
11.Do you know the boy____ father works in a shoe factory?( )
A.which B.who C.whose D.that
【分析】你认识他爸爸在鞋厂工作的那个男孩吗?
【解答】答案:C.
分析句子的结构可知,本句划线处后面的内容应该是一个定语从句,修饰先行词the boy,因为the boy和father之间为一种所属关系,所以使用关系代词whose作定语修饰father;故选C.
【点评】本题难度适中.定语从句是英语语法中非常重要的内容,在阅读和理解过程中起着极其重要的作用.定语从句的考查关键在于定语从句的成分分析,需要考生有分析理解复杂的句子结构的能力.
12.I have bought the same dress_____she is wearing.( )
A.as B.that C.which D.than
【分析】我买了一条和你现在穿的一模一样的裙子.
【解答】答案:A.分析句子结构可知,横线处到句末为定语从句,先行词为"the same dress",根据"主句中出现the same,as,such,so修饰先行词,需用as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语"可知,A项符合语境,
故选:A.
【点评】本题考查定语从句.解答此类题目首先要读懂句意分析成分,找出先行词和定语从句.然后分析定语从句中是否缺成分,如果缺少主宾表,要用关系代词(which、that、who、whose、whom、as),如果缺少状语,要用关系副词(where,when或why).
13.It was in the supermarket ______ she went shopping yesterday ______ she came across her idol.( )
A.that,when B.where,when C.where,that D.that,that
【分析】昨天她是在超市购物时遇到了她的偶像。
【解答】根据句意和句子结构可知,主句为强调句,it is/was+被强调部分+that+剩余部分。第一空应用that。后半句为定语从句,先行词为"yesterday",在从句中作时间状语,用when引导。
故选:A。
【点评】限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用,关系代词that,which,whom,who,whose以及关系副词when,where等,没有明显的逗号把从句与主语分开,表达的意思为被修饰词的一个定语。
14.You're the only person ______ I've ever met ______ could do it.( )
A.who; / B./; whom C.whom; / D./; who
【分析】你是我见过的唯一能做到这一点的人.
【解答】答案:D 考查定语从句.通过分析句子结构可知,先行词the only person 后面有两个定语从句来修饰.在第一个从句中,引导词作动词have met的宾语,可以用who, whom或省略.第二个从句中,引导词作主语,应该用who,不可以省略.结合语境,只有D项符合.
故选:D.
【点评】本题考查定语从句.熟记定语从句连接词的不同属性,结合先行词及定语从句所缺的句子成分写出正确答案.
15.The result was not the same ____ the professor had expected,____ was rather disappointing.( )
A.as; which B.which; as
C.as; that D.that; which
【分析】结果和教授预料的不一样,这是相当令人失望的.
【解答】答案A 考查定语从句.第一空,the same as为固定结构,意思为"与…一样";"________was rather disappointing"为非限制性定语从句,关系代词指代前面整个句子的内容,故第二空应选which。
故选:A。
【点评】定语从句又称为形容词性从句,综观历年高考试题,我们可以发现该语法项目是测试中的热点与难点,解定语从句的题目首先要知道哪一句是主句,哪一句是从句,被修饰的词是谁,从句中的句子成分缺失什么,根据缺失成分的不同从而选出相对应的关系代词或者关系副词,从而选出正确的答案,解题的关键是从句句子的成分分析.
16.The gentleman _____ you told me the day before yesterday proved to be a thief.( )
A.who B.about whom C.whom D.with whom
【分析】你前天告诉的那位绅士后来被证明是一个小偷.
【解答】答案:B句中you told me the day before yesterday修饰名词gentleman,是一个定语从句;从句tell缺少宾语,即tell sb about…告诉某人…,先行词gentleman指人,且关系词在从句中作about的宾语,要用about whom来构成.
故选:B。
【点评】定语从句是用来修饰名词的形容词性从句,相当于一个形容词.连接定语从句的引导词分为关系代词和关系副词,关系代词在从句中要作主语或宾语;关系副词在从句中作状语.这也是选择关系词的一个判断方法.
17.Make your bedroom a place_____you feel comfortable.( )
A.where B.when C.that D.whose
【分析】让你的卧室成为一个让你感到舒适的地方。
【解答】根据句意和句子结构可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为"place",在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导从句。
故选:A。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
18.I saw a man shouting at a driver ______ car was blocking the street.( )
A.that B.which C.whose D.who
【分析】我看见一个男人朝一个他的汽车挡住街道的司机大喊大叫.
【解答】答案:C.考查定语从句.句意:我看见一个男人朝一个他的汽车挡住街道的司机大喊大叫.本句先行词是driver,在定语从句中做定语,用whose引导,which that做主语或者宾语,who做主语或者宾语.
故选:C.
【点评】定语从句又称为形容词性从句,综观历年高考试题,我们可以发现该语法项目是测试中的热点与难点,解定语从句的题目首先要知道哪一句是主句,哪一句是从句,被修饰的词是谁,从句中的句子成分缺失什么,根据缺失成分的不同从而选出相对应的关系代词或者关系副词,从而选出正确的答案,解题的关键是从句句子的成分分析.
19.In the past few years,he has collected a lot of ancient coins,__________date back to the Ming and Qing Dynasties.( )
A.most of them B.most of which
C.most of that D.most of whom
【分析】在过去的几年里,他已经收集了很多古代硬币,这些硬币中大部分可以追溯到明清时期。
【解答】答案:that只能用于限定性从句中,them 不能用作定语从句的引导词,先行词"ancient coins"是物,不能用whom,只能用which。
故选:B。
【点评】单项选择题考查内容广泛,涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等。在有限的题量中注意知识的覆盖面,设计特定的语境综合考查学生在一定语境中运用语言知识的能力。
20.It was a small village __________ name I have forgotten.( )
A.which B.whose C.when D.where
【分析】那是一个小村庄,它的名字我已经忘记了。
【解答】分析句子可知,__________ name I have forgotten在句中作定语,是一个定语从句,先行词是village,从句的主谓宾都有,但根据句意可知,名词name前面缺定语,意思是"这个村庄的名字",故填whose,指代the village's,作name的定语。
故选:B。
【点评】熟练掌握定语从句的用法。
21.﹣ Do you know everyone ________ came to the party?
﹣ No, I don't know the one ________ you had a long talk with.( )
A./; whom B.which; that
C.that; which D.who; /
【分析】你认识来聚会的每一个人吗?没有,我不认识和你做长时间谈话的那个人。
【解答】答案:D. 句意:你认识来聚会的每一个人吗?没有,我不认识和你做长时间谈话的那个人。前一句everyone是先行词,定语从句缺少主语,先行词是人,所以使用who/that。先行词是不定代词everyone,everybody,anyone,anybody ,someone, somebody ,no one时,关系代词可以用who.后面一句one是先行词,后面的定语从句缺宾语,也指人,关系代词可以是whom / who 或者不填。
故选:D。
【点评】定语从句又称为形容词性从句,综观历年高考试题,我们可以发现该语法项目是测试中的热点与难点,解定语从句的题目首先要知道哪一句是主句,哪一句是从句,被修饰的词是谁,从句中的句子成分缺失什么,根据缺失成分的不同从而选出相对应的关系代词或者关系副词,从而选出正确的答案,解题的关键是从句句子的成分分析。
22.5.London is the only place ______ I am fond of in the UK.( )
A.which B.that C.where D.what
【分析】伦敦是我在英国唯一喜欢的地方.
【解答】答案:B
分析句意可知,本句为定语从句;由于先行词 place 被the only所修饰,故用关系代词that;故选B.
【点评】本题时,需要牢记常用关系代词that 而不用which的情况:
①先行词为all,anything,everything,nothing,something等时.
I will do all (that) I can to help you.
②先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或the only,the very等所修饰时.
He was the only person that joined the army in his village that year.
③先行词既有人,又有物时.
They talked about the people and the things (that)they remembered in the school.
④当主句是以who 或which开头的疑问句时,定语从句用that 引导,以避免重复.
Who is the boy that was here just now?
23.The CCTV Spring Festival Gala is a big stage many new actors or actresses are to become famous.( )
A.where B.when C.that D.which
【分析】中央电视台春节联欢晚会是一个很大的舞台,许多新演员或女演员都将在这里成名。
【解答】句意:中央电视台春节联欢晚会是一个很大的舞台,许多新演员或女演员都将在这里成名。此处为限定性定语从句,先行词为stage,在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导。
故选:A。
【点评】限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用,关系代词that,which,whom,who,whose以及关系副词when,where等,没有明显的逗号把从句与主语分开,表达的意思为被修饰词的一个定语。
24.After graduation from high school we will reach a point we have to decide which university to attend.( )
A.that B.what C.which D.where
【分析】高中毕业后,我们必须决定上哪所大学
【解答】答案:D,考查定语从句,先行词为抽象地点名词point,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用where引导.
故选:D。
【点评】做定语从句题时:我们可先将不是关系代词或关系副词的选项去掉,然后采用"代入原则"并同时结合定语从句的关系词之间的相关区别来进行解题.所谓"代入原则"就是试着把先行词即被定语从句修饰限制的那个词放进从句中,能直接代入的就用关系代词(不包括whose),不能直接代入的可能有三种情况,要么用关系副词,要么用介词加关系代词which或whom,要么就用关系代词whose.
25.We have entered an age _________ dreams have the best chance of coming true.( )
A.where B.that C.when D.how
【分析】我们已经进入了一个梦想最有可能实现的时代。
【解答】答案:C.先行词age在定语从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导定语从句。C项正确。其它选项不符合语境。
故选:C。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
26.So far as I know,there is nothing in the world can frighten him.( )
A.that B.who C.which D.where
【分析】据我所知,世界上没有什么能吓倒他。
【解答】句意:据我所知,世界上没有什么能吓倒他。根据句意和结构可知这句话使用定语从句,先行词是nothing,不定代词,定语从句中缺少主语,用that引导定语从句。
故选:A。
【点评】限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用,关系代词that,which,whom,who,whose以及关系副词when,where等,没有明显的逗号把从句与主语分开,表达的意思为被修饰词的一个定语。
27.It was in this school ______ name he will never forget ______he won the speaking competition about ____ the army and rescue workers made joint effort to return the earthquake disaster area to normal.( )
A.of which the; that; how
B.where; where; why
C.whose; that; the reason
D.its; that; how
【分析】正是在这所他永远不会忘记的学校里,他赢得了关于军队和救援人员如何共同努力使地震灾区恢复正常的演讲比赛.
【解答】本题考查定语从句.根据句意和结构可知第一空使用定语从句修饰this school,从句中name缺少定语,用whose或of which the name引导定语从句,第二空使用that,和It was构成强调句,强调in this school,第三空使用how引导宾语从句,表示方式.
故选:A。
【点评】本题考查定语从句,首先确定先行词,然后分析定语从句的成分,看定语从句缺少什么成分,判断是用关系代词还是关系副词.
28.Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _____ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.( )
A.where B.when C.who D.which
【分析】本章稍后将向读者介绍案件,消费者投诉导致法律的变化.
【解答】A 考查定语从句.先行词是cases,在…情况下应用 in this/that case,注意介词不可少,in which="where".
故选:A。
【点评】定语从句又称为形容词性从句,综观历年高考试题,我们可以发现该语法项目是测试中的热点与难点,解定语从句的题目首先要知道哪一句是主句,哪一句是从句,被修饰的词是谁,从句中的句子成分缺失什么,根据缺失成分的不同从而选出相对应的关系代词或者关系副词,从而选出正确的答案,解题的关键是从句句子的成分分析.
29.Anyone __________ this opinion may speak out.( )
A.that againsts B.that against
C.who is against D.who are against
【分析】任何反对这个观点的人都可以说出来.
【解答】分析句式可知,主干为Anyone may speak out.其中空缺是 一个定语从句,先行词为anyone,在定语从句中be against是固定短语,意思是"违背,反对";
故选:C。
【点评】考查定语从句,考生需先分析句子结构,在掌握一些短语,如be against.
30.It is not what he said but _______ he said it _______ surprised me.( )
A.the way; that
B.in the way that; that
C.in the way; which
D.the way which; which
【分析】使我吃惊的不是他说的话,而是他说话的方式.
【解答】答案:A 考查定语从句及强调句.去掉It is及第二处空格,句子结构仍然完整,句意明确,可判断为强调句,故第二处空格填that,排除选项C和D;本句就主语进行强调,空格处与what he said并列作主语,所以填名词the way,名词way后面接定语从句,连接词在从句中作方式状语,通常用in which引导定语从句,口语中也可以用that或省略关系词.只有A项符合题意.
故选:A。
【点评】本题考查定语从句及强调句.分析句子结构确定强调句型,熟记关系代词和关系副词的不同属性,结合先行词及定语从句所缺的句子成分选择出正确答案.
31.Friendships are like flowers_____need to be taken good care of.( )
A.who B.whose C.when D.which
【分析】友谊就像鲜花,需要精心照料。
【解答】根据句意和句子结构可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为"flowers",在从句中作主语,用关系代词which引导从句。
故选:D。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
32.This is an occasion ________ you must take things seriously.( )
A.which B.what C.that D.where
【分析】这是一个你必须认真对待事情的场合。
【解答】分析句子可知,该空处所在部分________ you must take things seriously在句中作状语,先行词是an occasion,意为"场合,场所",是表地点的名词。该从句主谓宾都有,根据句意可知,缺地点状语,所以填关系副词where或in/at which即介词+关系代词,引导该从句并在从句中作状语。
故选:D。
【点评】熟练掌握定语从句的用法。
33.The engineer ______ my father works is about 50 years old.( )
A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D.with whom
【分析】和我爸爸一起工作的那个工程师大约50岁.
【解答】答案D.
分析句子结构可知,横线处到句末为定语从句,先行词为"The engineer",指代人.根据定语从句中的谓语动词的固定搭配"work with…和…一起工作"可知,应该用介词+关系代词whom 即"with whom"来引导定语从句,"with whom"放在从句中理解即为:my father works with the engineer,因此D项符合语境,故选:D。
【点评】本题考查定语从句.解答此类题目首先要读懂句意分析成分,找出先行词和定语从句.然后分析定语从句中是否缺成分,如果缺少主宾表,要用关系代词(which、that、who、whose、whom、as),如果缺少状语,要用关系副词(where,when或why).如何判断定语从句中关系代词前的介词:
1.考查定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯
(1)看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配
如:Water is the natural medium in which fish live.(注意搭配live in)
注:有一些介词为固定搭配的一部分,此时它们的位置应注意.
如:The boy (whom) my sister is looking after is getting better.不能说成:The boy after whom my sister is looking is getting better.
(2)看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配
如:He referred me to some reference books with which I am not very familiar.(注意搭配 be familiar with)
2.考查先行词与介词的搭配习惯
如:This is our classroom,in the front of which there is a teacher's desk.
(注意搭配 in the front of our classroom)
3.考查表示所属关系的 of which[whom]
如:On the blackboard the teacher wrote a sentence,the meaning of which I don't understand.(注意搭配 the meaning of the sentence)
4.考查表示整体与部分关系的 of which[whom]
如:I have five English dictionaries of which Longman Dictionary is the best.(注意搭配 of the five dictionaries)
5.考查表示同位关系的 of which[whom]
如:Her sons,both of whom work abroad,rang her up this morning.(注意搭配 both of her sons)
34.The reason_____I did not perform well at school last week was my poor﹣quality sleep.( )
A.when B.why C.where D.that
【分析】我上周在学校表现不好的原因是我的睡眠质量差。
【解答】根据句意和句子结构可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为"reason",在从句中作原因状语,故应用关系副词"why"引导从句。
故选:B。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
35.She lived in the house she used to visit.( )
A.which B.whom C.who D.what
【分析】她住在她过去常去参观的那所房子里。
【解答】句意:她住在她过去常去参观的那所房子里。此处为定语从句修饰先行词house,先行词在从句中作宾语,指物,故用关系代词that或which引导。
故选:A。
【点评】限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用,关系代词that,which,whom,who,whose以及关系副词when,where等,没有明显的逗号把从句与主语分开,表达的意思为被修饰词的一个定语。
36.So,it was a win﹣win situation _______was why we did not hesitate _______ with them.( )
A.where,to partner B.which,to partner
C.where,partnering D.which,partnering
【分析】这是一个我们为什么毫不犹豫地与他们成为合作伙伴的双赢局面.
【解答】答案:B a win﹣win situation做先行词,指物,后面是一个定语从句,从句缺少引导词和主语,可知第一空填which/that;hesitate to do sth.犹豫做某事.故选B.
【点评】分析句子结构,辨别从句类型,根据从句中的句子成分选择正确的选项.
37.Is there a bookshop around ______ I can buy an English and Chinese dictionary?( )
A.which B.where C.that D.what
【分析】这附近有书店可以买到英汉词典吗?
【解答】______ I can buy an English and Chinese dictionary是定语从句,先行词是a bookshop在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导。
故选:B。
【点评】限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用,关系代词that,which,whom,who,whose以及关系副词when,where等,没有明显的逗号把从句与主语分开,表达的意思为被修饰词的一个定语。
38.Why not try another way _____ you may do your experiment better and more quickly?( )
A.by which B.that C.which D.in that
【分析】为什么不试试另一种使你的实验做得更好、更快的方法呢?
【解答】the way作先行词之后的定语从句,当"way"表示"方式、方法"在句中作先行词,后被一个定语从句修饰时,引导定语从句可用that,也可用in which,或什么都不用。B项正确。其它选项不符合语境。
故选:B。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
39.The digital age enables us to find people _____ share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing instruments.( )
A.which B.who C.when D.where
【分析】数字时代使我们通过分享我们的兴趣找到志同道合的人们,比如收集汽车模型或玩乐器。
【解答】根据定语从句share our interests可知缺少主语,且先行词people为人故选:B。
【点评】根据分析定语从句中是否缺少成分,从而判断是选择关系代词还是关系副词,同时看先行词是人还是物,就可以帮助快出找出答案。
40.Can you lend me the book ______ the other day?( )
A.about which you talked
B.which you talked
C.about that you talked
D.that you talked
【分析】你能借给我那天你谈到的那本书吗?
【解答】答案:A解析:考查限制性定语从句.先行词为the book,指物,在从句中作 talk about 的宾语,介词about 可以放在关系代词之前,这时定语从句只能是由which引导.
故选:A。
【点评】考查限制性定语从句.掌握定语从句关键在于准确分析关系代词代替先行词在从句中作什么成分.
41.The pen he wrote that book can now be seen in a museum.( )
A.with which B.on which C.for which D.in which
【分析】他写那本书用的钢笔现在可以在博物馆里看到。
【解答】句意:他写那本书用的钢笔现在可以在博物馆里看到。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,是介词+引导词的用法。write with固定用法,意为"用...书写",所以介词用with,介词之后只能用which。
故选:A。
【点评】限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用,关系代词that,which,whom,who,whose以及关系副词when,where等,没有明显的逗号把从句与主语分开,表达的意思为被修饰词的一个定语。
42.She often parks her car near the house _____she can easily get to.( )
A.where B.who C.which D.what
【分析】她经常把车停在她能轻易到达的房子附近.
【解答】根据句意和结构可知这句话使用定语从句,先行词是the house,定语从句中缺少主语,用which引导定语从句.
故选:C.
【点评】本题考查定语从句,首先确定先行词,然后分析定语从句的成分,看定语从句缺少什么成分,判断是用关系代词还是关系副词.
43.The only thing________is wrong with this is what my brother said to me the other day.( )
A.which B.what C.that D.where
【分析】唯一有问题的事情是我哥哥那天对我说的话.
【解答】答案:C.根据句意可知这句话使用定语从句,先行词前有only修饰,先行词又指物,而且定语从句中缺少主语,只能用that引导.故选C.
【点评】本题考查定语从句,首先判断先行词是什么,指人,还是指物,再判断从句缺少什么成分,如果缺少主宾表,用关系代词,缺少状语用关系副词.
44.Bad language is a stage ________ all children go through, and it dies with time ________ they learn they're not attracting attention with it.( )
A.that…when B.when…when
C.where…after D.which…that
【分析】脏话是所有孩子都经历过的一个阶段,这个阶段会随着这个时间,当他们知道自己用脏话没有吸引注意力时而消失。
【解答】根据句子结构分析,可知"______all children go through"是一个定语从句,先行词是stage,从句意思完整,主谓齐全,go through是及物动词短语,后跟宾语,故填关系代词that;" ______ they learn they're not attracting attention with it"也是定语从句,先行词是the time,该从句主谓宾齐全,learn后是一个省略了that的宾语从句,根据先行词的提示可知该从句缺一个时间状语,故填关系副词when,when相当于during the time。
故选:A。
【点评】该句句子结构复杂,有三重从句,要一一理清。
45.Both Stan Lee and Louis Cha may have stopped writing in the 1970s,but their works live on and will continue to change the way we think and act.( )
A.how B.which C.what D.that
【分析】斯坦李和查良铺可能在20世纪70年代就停止写作了,但他们的作品将继续存在,并将继续改变我们思考和行动的方式。
【解答】句意:斯坦李和查良铺可能在20世纪70年代就停止写作了,但他们的作品将继续存在,并将继续改变我们思考和行动的方式。根据句意可知,句子we think and act对名词way起修饰限定作用,所以这是定语从句;先行词为way,定语从句中缺少方式状语时,关系词用that或in which或不填。
故选:D。
【点评】限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用,关系代词that,which,whom,who,whose以及关系副词when,where等,没有明显的逗号把从句与主语分开,表达的意思为被修饰词的一个定语。
46.He's such a remarkable tennis player ______________ seems to get the credit he deserves.( )
A.that B.as C.which D.whom
【分析】他是如此一位杰出的网球运动员,似乎得到了他应得的荣誉。
【解答】答案:B.
解析:考查定语从句。通过分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句"______seems to get the credit",当先行词被such修饰时,定语从句中关系代词应用as。
故选:B。
【点评】熟练掌握"such﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣as﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣"引导定语从句的用法。
47.I missed those days_____I slept well.( )
A.that B.which C.where D.when
【分析】我怀念那些睡得很好的日子。
【解答】根据句意和句子结构可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为"days",在从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导从句。
故选:D。
【点评】考查定语从句,要搞清楚句子成分,找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系,把主句与从句分别翻译出来,然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等和关系副词where,when ,why等,关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语,就要用关系代词来连接从句;如果从句中缺少状语,就得用关系副词来连接从句。
48.When he goes to his hometown,he always wants to visit the place he grew up.( )
A.which B.that C.where D.on which
【分析】当他回到家乡时,他总是想去参观他长大的地方。
【解答】句意:当他回到家乡时,他总是想去参观他长大的地方。分析句子结构可知,空处需用关系词引导定语从句,先行词是place,指地点,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。
故选:C。
【点评】限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用,关系代词that,which,whom,who,whose以及关系副词when,where等,没有明显的逗号把从句与主语分开,表达的意思为被修饰词的一个定语。
49.Communication technology has entered the 5 G era, will surely bring great changes to our life.( )
A.when B.what C.which D.where
【分析】通信技术已经进入5 G时代,这必将给我们的生活带来巨大的变化。
【解答】答案:B. 根据题意,通信技术已经进入5 G时代,这必将给我们的生活带来巨大的变化。本题考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,定语从句的先行词为the 5 G era,定语从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词,故排除A和D选项;再者定语从句不用what来引导。故排除B选项。
故选:C。
【点评】本题考查定语从句。单项选择题考查内容广泛,涉及词汇、语法、习语、日常用语等。在有限的题量中注意知识的覆盖面,设计特定的语境综合考查学生在一定语境中运用语言知识的能力。
50.When I was a child, I would play with my friends in the place used to be an old park.( )
A.where B.who C.which D.when
【分析】当我还是个孩子的时候,我会和我的朋友们在以前是一个老公园的地方玩。
【解答】根据句意理解及句子结构分析,可知"______used to be an old park"是一个定语从句,引导词要指代先行词the place,同时在从句中作主语,所以填关系代词which。
故选:C。
【点评】熟练掌握定语从句中引导词的选择。