2022届高考英语专题训练：名词练习（含答案）

高考专题训练——名词
While she was in Paris, she developed a _____ for fine art.
A．way B．relation C．taste D．habit
—Can you tell us your _____ for happiness and a long life
—Living every day to the full, definitely.
A．range B．recipe C．record D．receipt
Being able to speak English fluently is a great _____ when you are looking for a job.
A．assistance B．chance C．advantage D．importance
China's BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, whose positioning _____ will reach 2.5 meters by 2020, will soon provide services to more countries.
A．accuracy B．category C．function D．reference
Gone are the days when women were looked down upon, and the idea of _____ of opportunity for men and women has come here to stay.
A．equality B．quality C．quantity D．reality
There are only _____ few seats left for _____ tonight's concert at _____ university.
A．/…/…/ B．/…/…the C．a…/…the D．a…the…the
Fifteen wild Asian elephants headed north and no one knew their _____.
A．response B．destination C．failure D．demand
—Could you share with me your _____ for happiness
—Having a positive outlook on life.
A．record B．recipe C．range D．receipt
They bought _____ in China Town.
A．trousers, clothes and pajamas B．trouser, cloth and pajamas
C．trousers, clothes and pajama D．trousers,clothing and pajama
I need _____ cloth, for I'm going to make _____ clothes.
A．a lot of…many B．much…much C．many…many D．many…a lot of
The scientist and volunteers are working together to save a species of birds from _____ by replicating its natural habit.
A．contact B．infection C．alternative D．extinction
I'm never going to guess the answer if you don't give me a _____.
A．relief B．clue C．route D．preview
It took us _____ to finish the language training course.
A．two and a half month's time B．two months and a half's time
C．two months and a half of time D．two months and a half time
In my opinion, what he told us just now about the affair simply doesn't make any _____.
A．meaning B．idea C．sense D．point
"Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!" the mother shouted, with _____ clearly in her voice.
A．anger B．rudeness C．regret D．panic
The couple got into a(n) _____ about where to celebrate New Year's Eve at home or in a restaurant.
A．comment B．argument C．debate D．quarrel
His health is _____.
A．as poor, if not poorer than, his sister
B．poor as his sister's if not poor
C．as poor as if not poorer than, his sister's
D．as poor, if not poorer than sister's
Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his _____.
A．ability B．force C．mind D．strength
—Do you know what her _____ is to the plan
—She totally supports it.
A．attitude B．relief C．shortage D．insight
You can't come in without a _____.
A．permission B．permit C．being permitted D．permitted
—The dress is a real _____ at such a low price.
—True. Shall each of us buy one
A．bargain B．prize C．medal D．income
The football always reminds me of my mistake in that match, so I put it away somewhere out of my _____.
A．scene B．sight C．view D．scenery
The only _____ to their house is along a narrow road.
A．experience B．access C．instruction D．impression
Every time you enter the subway station, you must have the _____ of your bag checked to make sure you aren't carrying any illegal things.
A．spots B．contents C．qualities D．entrances
The harmful effects that smog can have on people's health are one of the top _____ of those who live in some cities.
A．concerns B．conflicts C．characters D．charges
It came as a great _____ to the parents that their son finally came back safe and sound.
A．relief B．sense C．relaxation D．favor
We waited _____ for the bus.
A．long time B．a long time C．the long time D．some long time
Usually the Player of the Year title is given to a big name from the best team. But this time there is a(n) _____.
A．break B．improvement C．exception D．tradition
A beaver is a(n) _____.
A．tree B．animal C．vegetable D．person
The _____ people take to cloning varies widely from country to country.
A．attitude B．advantage C．pride D．part
If you want to see a doctor, you fix a date with him ahead of time.That is a common _____ in the USA.
A．view B．exercise C．reality D．practice
I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale；it was a real _____.
A．exchange B．bargain C．trade D．business
The building has been specially designed to provide easy _____ for people in wheelchairs.
A．road B．means C．way D．access
—Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don't have enough money for a new one
—That's a good _____.
A．saying B．question C．account D．suggestion
The train moved at full speed. It was soon out of _____.
A．order B．place C．sight D．railway
She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful _____ in last year's election.
A．symbol B．portrait C．identity D．statue
_____ of some trees is harder than that of others.
A．The wood B．Wood C．The woods D．Woods
He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his _____ was seen at its best when he worked with others.
A．temper B．appearance C．talent D．character
There are _____ plants in this area.
A．much B．a great number C．a great deal of D．plenty of
In the book "Ordinary World", Sun Shopping developed a deep _____ for Tian Xiaoxia.
A．affection B．effect C．objection D．threat
The failure was a big to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.
A．blow B．issue C．excuse D．factor
The _____ took many _____ in the Summer Palace.
A．Germen…photos B．Germans…photos
C．Germen…photoes D．Germans…photoes
A group of _____ are eating _____ and _____ at the foot of the hill.
A．deer; grass; leaf B．deer; grass; leaves
C．deers; grasses; leaf D．deer; grasses; leaves
I'll be back _____.
A．in two week time B．in two weeks time
C．in two week's time D．in two weeks' time
For months they travelled through _____ of Gobi.
A．the sand B．the sands C．sand D．sands
I have heard that it is a common _____ in that country to hold a big party to celebrate when a child turns 15.
A．practice B．method C．evidence D．effect
Jim and Ronald are _____.
A．my father and mother's friends
B．my father's and mother's friends
C．my father and mother friends
D．friends of mine father and mother
She's jogging around the park every morning in a(n) _____ to have a good figure.
A．contribution B．effort C．honour D．purpose
During the National Day Holiday, Canton Tower, the landmark of Guangzhou, attracted _____ of tourists. The number of tourists _____ the record.
A．a good number, have broken B．the number, has broken
C．a good number, has broken D．the number, have broken
He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his _____ was seen at its best when he worked with others.
A．temper B．appearance C．talent D．character
答案
1. 【答案】C
【知识点】taste (n.)、名词及名词短语的辨析
2. 【答案】B
【知识点】recipe、名词及名词短语的辨析
3. 【答案】C
【解析】句意：在找工作的时候，会说流利的英语是一种优势。A. 援助；B. 机会；C. 优势；D. 价值。
【知识点】advantage (n.)、名词及名词短语的辨析
4. 【答案】A
【解析】此题考查名词辨析。句意：到 2020 年，中国北斗导航卫星系统的定位精度将达到 2.5 米，不久将向更多国家提供服务。accuracy 精确度；category 种类，分类；function 功能；reference 参考。
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析、accuracy
5. 【答案】A
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析、equality
6. 【答案】C
【解析】我们知道 few 修饰可数名词，意为“几乎没有”（否定）；而 a few 意为“有一些”（肯定）。但是有了 only 修饰时，我们只能说 only a few 意为“很少”。
【知识点】用在某些固定词组中、指谈话双方都知道或能体会到的特定的人或事物、a few
7. 【答案】B
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析、destination
8. 【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你能和我分享一下你的快乐秘诀吗？——拥有积极的人生观。A. record 记录；B. recipe 食谱，秘诀；C. range 范围；D. receipt 收据。根据空后 for happiness 可知，此处指“快乐秘诀”。故选 B。
【知识点】recipe、名词及名词短语的辨析
9. 【答案】A
【知识点】一般情况
10. 【答案】A
【知识点】a lot of、many
11. 【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家和志愿者们正在共同努力，通过复制一种鸟类的自然习性来拯救它，使其免于灭绝。A. contact 联系；B. infection 感染；C. alternative 供替代的选择；D. extinction 灭绝。根据句意以及前文“to save a species of birds”可知，此处 from extinction 指“免于灭绝”。
【知识点】extinction、名词及名词短语的辨析
12. 【答案】B
【知识点】clue (n.)、名词及名词短语的辨析
13. 【答案】B
【解析】“两个半月”可以说：two and a half months，也可以说：two months and a half，所以“两个半月的时间”就成了：two months and a half's time。
【知识点】基数词 + 可数名词的复数、half (n.)、一般情况下，在名词词尾加's
14. 【答案】C
【知识点】make sense、名词及名词短语的辨析、sense (n.)
15. 【答案】D
【解析】此题考查名词辨析。句意：“汤米，快跑！房子着火了！”妈妈大声说，声音里带着明显的惊慌。anger 愤怒；rudeness 粗鲁；regret 后悔；panic 惊慌。
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析、panic (n.)
16. 【答案】B
【知识点】argument、名词及名词短语的辨析
17. 【答案】C
【知识点】一般情况下，在名词词尾加's、两者相比较：比较级+than、肯定as…as
18. 【答案】D
【解析】A. 能力；B. 武力，暴力，强制力量；C. 头脑；D. 体力，力气。句意：Bill 做大量的身体锻炼来增强他的体力。
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析、strength
19. 【答案】A
【知识点】attitude、名词及名词短语的辨析
20. 【答案】B
【解析】这个小题考查 permit 用作名词的用词，意为“许可证”。如果忽视了 without 后面的不定冠词 a 就容易误选 A 项。
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析、permit (n.)
21. 【答案】A
【解析】句意：——这件衣服价格这么低，真是便宜。——对啊。我们每人买一件吧 bargain 便宜货；prize 奖品；medal 奖章；income 收入。
【知识点】bargain (n.)、名词及名词短语的辨析
22. 【答案】B
【解析】考查名词辨析。A. scene，场景；B. sight，视线；C. view，视野；D. scenery，景色。
四者区别是：
1、指意不同。
scene 指局部的、一眼可见全貌的风景或景色，不限于自然的风景，也常指（戏剧、电影、小说等的）场景、布景。
scenery 则指某一国家或某一地区的整体的自然风景。
sight 指眼见的景色，如供人游览之地的“景”或“景色”，尤指人工制成的景。
view 则主要指从高处俯视到的景色。
2、用法不同。
view 和 scene 所表达的景色都是 scenery 中的一部分，都可指眼里看到的每日自然的景色，但 view 是最一般的用语，而 scene 则是由“舞台场景”的意义引申而来的，用的少些。
句意：足球总是让我想起我在那场比赛中犯的错误，所以我把它放在了我看不见的地方。故选：B。
【知识点】sight (n.)、名词及名词短语的辨析
23. 【答案】B
【知识点】access to、名词及名词短语的辨析
24. 【答案】B
【知识点】content (n.)、名词及名词短语的辨析
25. 【答案】A
【解析】句意：雾霾对人们健康的有害影响已经是一些城市居民最关心的问题之一。concern 关心；conflict 冲突；character 角色；charge 费用，管理。
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析、concern (n.)
26. 【答案】A
【解析】句意：他们的儿子最终安然无恙地回来，对父母来说是一个巨大的安慰。relief 安慰；sense 感觉；relaxation 放松；favor 偏爱。
【知识点】relief、名词及名词短语的辨析
27. 【答案】B
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析
28. 【答案】C
【解析】正确答案是C。
此题考查的是名词辨析。句意：通常情况下年度运动员会颁发给最佳团队中的大牌运动员，但是这一次却是个例外。break 破裂，中间休息；improvement 改进，改善；exception 例外，除外；tradition 传统。根据句意可知，正确答案是C。
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析、exception
29. 【答案】B
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析、animal
30. 【答案】A
【知识点】attitude、take a (...) attitude to/towards...、名词及名词短语的辨析
31. 【答案】D
【解析】view 观点，风景；exercise 锻炼，练习；reality 现实；practice 习惯做法，练习。根据语义和常识判断，提前预约医生在美国是“习惯做法”，故选 D。
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析、practice (n.)
32. 【答案】B
【解析】exchange 交流，交换；bargain 便宜货；trade 贸易；business 生意，商业。结合语境可知此处表示“真是便宜货”的意思。
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析、bargain (n.)
33. 【答案】D
【解析】句意：这栋大楼被专门设计过，以便让坐轮椅的人很容易通行。access 通路，（接近的）方法；road 道路；means 方法；way 方法，方式。
【知识点】access (n.)、名词及名词短语的辨析
34. 【答案】D
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析、suggestion
35. 【答案】C
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析、out of sight
36. 【答案】A
【解析】句意：她两年前被软禁，但在去年的大选中仍然是一个强有力的象征。symbol 象征，符号，符合题意，故选 A 项。portrait 肖像，描写；identity 身份；statue 塑像，雕像，皆不合题意。
【知识点】symbol、名词及名词短语的辨析
37. 【答案】A
【知识点】用在由短语或从句修饰的名词前、不可数名词的基本用法
38. 【答案】D
【解析】句意：他证明了自己是一个真正的绅士，并且在与别人合作的时候他美好的品质表现得淋漓尽致。temper 脾气；appearance 外表；talent 天分；character 性格。
【知识点】character (n.)、名词及名词短语的辨析
39. 【答案】D
【知识点】plenty of
40. 【答案】A
【解析】在《平凡的世界》一书中，孙少平对田晓霞产生了深厚的感情。
A. affection 喜爱；感情；B. effect 影响；C. objection 反对；反对的理由；D. threat 威胁．根据句意，A 项正确．
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析、affection
41. 【答案】A
【解析】正确答案是A。
此题考查的是名词辨析。句意为：这次失败对他是一次沉重的打击，但是他并没有气馁，而是很快就像以前那样充满热情了。blow意为“重击，挫折”，符合语境。issue意为“问题”；excuse意为“借口”；factor意为“因素”，均与语境不符。故答案选A。
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析、blow (n.)
42. 【答案】B
【知识点】一般情况
43. 【答案】B
【知识点】以f/fe结尾变v加es、不可数名词的基本用法
44. 【答案】D
【知识点】复合名词在最后一个词的词尾加's
45. 【答案】B
【知识点】用在由短语或从句修饰的名词前、一般情况
46. 【答案】A
【解析】此题考查名词辨析。句意：我听说在那个国家，孩子满 15 岁时举行大型聚会庆祝是一种惯例。practice 习惯；method 方法；evidence 证据；effect 影响。common practice 意为“惯例”。
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析
47. 【答案】A
【知识点】表示两者或两者以上共有的所有关系时，在最后一个词的末尾加's
48. 【答案】B
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析、effort
49. 【答案】C
【知识点】a (large/great) number of、a number of....和the number of...
50. 【答案】D
【解析】正确答案是D。
此题考查的是名词词义辨析。句意：他证明了自己是一位真正的绅士，当他与别人一起工作时，他的人格之美表现得淋漓尽致。character 性格，人格，符合句意。temper 脾气；appearance 外表；talent 才能。
【知识点】名词及名词短语的辨析、character (n.