Unit 13 We are trying to save the earth!
第一课时 Section A(1a ~ 2d)
一、重点单词 litter v.乱扔;n. 垃圾; ugly adj. 丑陋的; advantage n. 优点;cost v. 花费;
wooden adj. 木制的; bottom n. 底部; fisherman n. 渔民;coal n. 煤;plastic adj. 塑料的; takeaway n. 外卖食物; bin n. 垃圾箱
二、重点词组 1. at the bottom of the river在河床底部 2. be full of the rubbish充满了垃圾
3. throw litter into the river把垃圾扔入河中 4. play a part in cleaning it up
尽一份力把它清理干净 5. land pollution土地污染 6. fill the air with black smoke
使空气中充满了黑烟 7. cut down air pollution减少空气污染 8. make a difference产生影响
三、重点句式 :1. Everyone in town should play a part in cleaning it up.城里的每个人都应当尽一份力把它清理干净。
2. The air is badly polluted because there are too many cars on the road these days.空气被严重污染因为如今路上的汽车太多了。
3. To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving.为了减少空气污染,我们应当乘坐公汽或地铁而不是开车。
4. I used to be able to see stars in the sky.我过去能在天空中看到星星。
5. The air has become really polluted around here. I’m getting very worried.这儿的空气真的已经被污染了,我非常担心。
四、 课堂环节
Step 1 情景导入
用多媒体给学生播放一些有关环境污染的图片或视频,然后询问学生对环境污染的看法和观点。
Teacher: What kinds of pollutions do you know?
What do you feel about the pollution
Students: I think there are____.
① noise pollution② air pollution③water pollution…
Step 2 完成教材1a-1c的任务
1. 要求学生翻开课本P97,迅速阅读1a部分的内容。把方框中的单词按它们产生污染的类型写入相应的栏目中,并添加更多的单词。
2. 检查答案,并把收集的答案列举在黑板上。
3.听第一遍录音,根据听到的内容完成课本上1b表格中的句子。
4. 要求学生听第二遍录音,并逐句进行跟读。
Step 3 完成教材2a-2c的任务
1.播放录音一遍,完成2a,2b的听力任务,核对答案。
2.听第二遍录音,并逐句进行跟读。
4. 大声朗读听力材料。
语法小结:
一、不定式和不定式短语作目的状语
不定式和不定式短语作目的状语,主要用来修饰动词,表示某一动作或状态的目的。为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时,还可以在前面加 in order to 或 so as to。例如:
I've written it down in order not to forget.
He shouted and waved so as to be noticed.
在句子中作谓语动词的状语的不定式或不定式短语,表示的是主语的目的,因此,其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。比较:
To draw maps properly, you need a special pen.(正)
To draw maps properly, a special pen is needed.(误)
由 in order to 引导的目的状语,既可以置于句尾,也可以置于句首,而由 so as to 引导的目的状语,只能置于句尾,而不能置于句首。比较:
They started early in order to get there in time.(正)
In order to get there in time, they started early.(正)
They started early so as to get there in time.(正)
So as to get there in time, they started early.(误)
二、不定式的复合结构作目的状语
当不定式或不定式短语有自己的执行者时,要用不定式的复合结构(即在不定式或不定式短语之前加 for + 名词或宾格代词)作状语。例如:
He opened the door for the children to come in.
She fetched several bottles which she placed on the counter for Harry to inspect.
三、目的状语从句与不定式的转换
英语中的目的状语从句,还可以变为不定式或不定式短语作状语,从而使句子在结构上得以简化。可分为两种情况:
1. 当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同时,可以直接简化为不定式或不定式短语作状语。例如:
We'll start early in order that/so that we may arrive in time.
We'll start early in order to/so as to arrive in time.
2. 当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语不相同时,要用动词不定式的复合结构作状语。例如:
I came early in order that you might read my report before the meeting.
I came early (in order) for you to read my report before the meeting.
【课堂练习】
1 —Why is Linlin practicing speaking English
—_______ abroad for further study.
A. Go B. Gone C. To go D. Goes
【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词不定式表目的。故选C。
2. —I’m new here.
—Don’t worry. I’ll do what I can ________ you.
A. help B. to help C. invite D. to invite
【解析】考查动词的辨析和非谓语动词的用法。由交际情景可知此处表示“我将尽我能做的来帮助你。”help的意思是“帮助”,invite的意思是“邀请”,此处使用动词不定式表示目的。故选B。