【牛津（广州，深圳，沈阳）版】九年级下U4 Natural disasters
（B卷·提升能力）
学校：__________班级：__________姓名：_________ 考号：___________
温馨提示：
本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为100分，考试时间为100分钟。
第Ⅰ卷 选择题
1、 语法选择(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
Forest fire is one of the major disasters in the world. Every year, many fires break out in different places of the world. 1 forest fires break out in China each year. which have destroyed lots of forests and houses. Some big fires have even taken people's lives away.
There are mainly two causes of the forest fires： human activities and nature. Most of the forest fires 2 by people. People who go camping or hiking may fail 3 out their campfire completely. Some people may leave the burning cigarettes（香烟）in the forest 4 .
People aren't the only ones ___5____start forest fires. Nature 6 also cause serious fire accidents in the way of a lightning strike（雷击）.What’s worse， 7 the weather is dry and hot. the fire may spread very fast and become out of control.
On March 30th, 2019, there was 8 big forest fire in Muli County, Sichuan Province. 9 was reported that the fire was caused by lightning. More than six hundred firemen went to the forest to put out the fire.
However, the wind suddenly 10 strongly and changed its direction, which led to fire explosion（爆燃）. The firemen fought___11____the big fire bravely. Sadly thirty-one people were killed in the accident, ___12___ twenty-seven forest firemen and four locals. The 13 fireman was only eighteen years old.
To Protect the forest and keep yourselves safe, you shouldn't leave 14 that may cause fire in the forest. When you see a fire. 15 to call 119 and leave the forest as soon as possible.
1.A. Thousand of B. Thousands of C. A thousands D. A thousand of
2.A. are caused B. caused C. cause D. have caused
3.A. putting B. put C. to put D. to be put
4.A. careful B. care C. careless D. carelessly
5.A. what B. who C. which D. why
6 .A. can B. should C. must D. shall
7. A. although B. if C. because D. but
8. A. a B. an C. the D. /
9.A. This B. That C. Which D. It
10.A. blowing B. blows C. blew D. to blow
11. A. against B. for C. into D. through
12.A. included B. including C. includes D. include
13.A. youth B. young C. younger D. youngest
14.A. nothing B. everything C. anything D. something
15.A. remember B. remembering C. to remember D. remembers
二、完形填空 阅读短文，掌握大意，选出最佳选项。（共10小题，每小题1分, 共10分）
I shall never forget the day when the earthquake took place. The time was 5：15 in the afternoon and I was driving along the road to __16__ my daughter from school. Our plan was to go __17__ together. I had finished work at about 4 o’clock and then gone to the post office. Then I stopped off at a shop in order to get some ___18___ fruit. We like to have some fruit to eat after our swim when we would feel tired.
I was driving along a high road on my way to the school. Over my road was another way for cars coming the other way. I was __19_ so I put the bag of apples in the seat beside me and started to eat one.
Suddenly I saw the cars in front of me start to move from side to side. I slowed down. Then __20__ started to shake. I didn’t know what was happening. Perhaps something had gone wrong with my car. I drove even slower. I stopped the car and at the same moment the road fell onto the cars in front of me.
I found myself in the dark. I couldn’t move. The bottom parts of both my legs and my __21__ were hurting badly and I couldn’t move them. All around me was __22__ .But above me I could hear shouts and a lot of noise. Then I remembered what had happened. I had been in an earthquake.
For about two hours nobody came. Luckily I could __23__ the bag of apples， so at least I had plenty to eat. Then I heard people climbing towards me. A team of people had come to see if anyone was under the broken __24__ I called out! “I’m here!” I heard a shout， soon a stranger climbed to the side of the bridge near my car， “How are you doing ” he asked. “Not too bad，” I said， “but my feet and legs __25__ as if(似乎) they’re broken.” “We’ll have you out of there just as soon as we can，” he said. They didn’t get me out until the next morning. I had been in my car for 14 hours.
16．A．take up B．bring up C．pick up D．send up
17．A．skating B．shopping C．sightseeing D．swimming
18．A．fresh B．dried C．expensive D．cheap
19．A．happy B．hungry C．surprised D．excited
20．A．the road B．my hands C．my feet D．my car
21．A．hands B．arms C．feet D．fingers
22．A．quiet B．dark C．cold D．noisy
23．A．see B．reach C．catch D．hold
24．A．railway B．trees C．car D．road
25．A．appear B．feel C．seem D．look
三、阅读 （共两节，满分45分）
第一节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If you’ve never lived in Asia, you might be wondering what it feels like to experience a typhoon. But if you’ve ever survived a hurricane or tropical cyclone(热带气旋), you already know the answer. That’s because hurricanes, cyclones and typhoons are all the same natural activity. So what’s the difference Scientists just call these storms different things depending on where they happen.
In the Atlantic and northern Pacific, the storms are called “hurricanes”, which were named after the bad Caribbean god called Hurrican. In the northwestern Pacific, the same powerful storms are called “typhoons”. In the Indian Ocean and southwestern Pacific, they are called “tropical cyclones”.
To be considered as a hurricane, typhoon, or cyclone, a storm must reach wind speeds of at least 74 miles per hour (119 kilometres per hour). If a hurricane’s wind speed reaches 111 miles per hour (179 kilometres per hour), it becomes a “strong hurricane”. If a typhoon hits 150 miles per hour (241 kilometres per hour), as Usagi did, then it becomes a “super typhoon”.
The Atlantic hurricane season runs from June through November, while the typhoon and cyclone seasons are a little bit different. In the northeastern Pacific, the main season runs from May to November. In the northwestern Pacific, typhoons are most common from late June through December. And the northern Indian Ocean sees cyclones from April to December.
Whatever you choose to call them, these storms are powerful enough to cause some serious damage. According to NOAA’s National Hurricane Center, the general hurricane eye — the still centre where pressure(压力) is the lowest and air temperature is the highest — covers 30 miles (48 kilometres) across, with some growing as large as 120 miles (200 kilometres) wide. The strongest storms have kept winds over 155 miles per hour (250 kilometres per hour). But with the help of satellites and computers, such storms can be known several days ahead, though it’s still difficult to know their exact route.
26. Hurricanes, cyclone and typhoon_________.
A. happen in different areas. B. happen in different time
C. cause different problems D. are different natural disater.
27. In the _______, the powerful storms are called “typhoons”.
A. Indian Ocean B. northwestern Pacific
C. northern Pacific D. Atlantic
28. A strong hurricane can reach the speed of _______ kilometres per hour.
A. 74 B. 119 C. 179 D. 241
29. Cyclones would probably happen in the northeastern Pacific during ______.
A. February B. April C. October D. December
30.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. The temperature of the hurricane eye is the lowest.
B. The hurricane eye covers 200 miles wide.
C. The strongest storms can be over 250 miles per hour.
D. We can know the storm before it happens by satellites.
B
Imagine a perfect day: the weather is good and everything seems fine. When, suddenly, your mobile phone loses its signal, the television has no programs, and you can’t get online with your computer.
What has happened These are just the types of problems a solar storm （太阳风暴） might cause.
You may not think of storms as putting our society in danger. But today, a solar storm is as serious as other bad events, such as earthquakes.
A solar storm is caused by solar flares （太阳耀斑） large explosions （爆炸） near the sun that can give off lots of energy. The strong energy can stop the satellite systems （卫星系统） that control our computers, telecom networks and so on. These storms can even cause the power to go out for weeks or months.
In the past few months, scientists have recorded some of the strongest sun flares in years. The most recent one happened around Valentine’s Day, 2011. It caused radio and satellite signals to go down in some northern cities in China.
“Solar flare activity is going to be much worse than what we’ve seen in the past. We’re not talking about a few cities losing power, it could be half of the country, maybe more. ”, a US website about space weather, warned. Scientists say that little can be done to predict such a storm.
Governments around the world are trying to work together before the next storm, although they are not sure when that may happen.
31．What are solar flares according to the passage
A．Telecom networks. B．Solar storms.
C．Large explosions near the sun. D．US websites.
32．What does the underlined word “signal” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Electricity. B．Music. C．Light. D．Sign.
33．Which is the right order of the following things
①Solar flares give off lots of energy. ②People cannot get online with their computers.
③Solar storms happen. ④Satellite systems are stopped.
A．①②③④ B．①③④② C．③①②④ D．③②①④
34．Why did the radio and satellite signals go down in some northern cities in China in February, 2011
A．Because a strong sun flare happened. B．Because an earthquake happened.
C．Because a solar storm stopped. D．Because the satellite systems didn’t work.
35．What is the passage mainly about
A．Asking people to prevent the solar storm from happening.
B．Telling people how to solve the problems caused by solar storms.
C．Calling for scientists to predict when the next solar storm will happen.
D．Introducing what solar storms are to people.
C
In 1845, a deadly disease struck Ireland, killing all the Lumper potato plants. In another place or time, the death of single crop species (物种) might not have been so important. But in Ireland, in 1845, people depended almost solely on the potato for food. The death of one species caused a terrible famine (饥荒). Now, some scientists are worried that such a famine could happen again, but on a much wider area.
Over the centuries, farmers have discovered thousands of different species of food crops. However, you won't find many of these species in your local supermarket. To feed the seven billion people on Earth, most farmers today are growing only species of plants and farming only species of animals that are easy to produce in large numbers.
In the Philippines, there were once thousands of varieties of rice: now fewer than 100 are grown there. In China, 90% of the wheat varieties grown just a century ago have disappeared. Scientists believe that over the past century, more than half of the world's food varieties disappeared.
One solution to this problem is to collect and store the seeds as many different plant varieties as we can before they disappear. The idea was first suggested by Russian scientist Nikolay Vavilov. In the 1920s and 1930s, he collected around 400,000 seeds from five continents. More recently, others are continuing the work he began.
In the US state of Iowa, Diane Ott Whealy wanted to protect historic plant varieties, like the seeds her great –grandfather brought to the US from Germany more than a hundred years ago. She and her husband started a place called Heritage Farm, where people can store and trade seeds.
More importantly, the people at Heritage Farm don't just store the seeds, they plant them. By doing this, they are reintroducing foods into the marketplace that haven't been grown for years. These food species are not just special in terms of appearance or taste. They also offer farmers food solutions for the future, from the past.
36. What is this passage mainly about
A. The fact that many food species are dying out.
B. The need to protect potatoes from disappearing.
C. The ways to increase the number of food species.
D. The ways to prevent food species from disappearing.
37. The underlined word "solely" in Paragraph 1 is in closest meaning to ________.
A. usually B. only C. rarely D. occasionally
38. Why are some scientists worried that such a famine could happen again
A. Because people depend on certain species of food crops.
B. Because the same deadly disease may attack crops again.
C. Because the world's population is larger than that in 1845.
D. Because farmers grow the same potatoes as those in the past.
39. Nikolay Vavilov was the first person who ________.
A. stored and planted seeds B. realized the serious problem
C. suggested collecting plant seeds D. worried a famine could happen again
40. What can we learn from the passage
A. The disease spread very quickly and killed thousands of people in Ireland.
B. Around 80 percent of the rice varieties in the Philippines have disappeared.
C. Heritage Farm is the first place in the US for people to store and trade seeds.
D. People have been storing seeds to save plant varieties for more than 150 years.
D
Effects of Global Warming
Some effects of increasing temperatures are happening.
● Ice is melting from the North Pole to the South Pole, and everywhere in between. This includes mountain glaciers(冰川), ice sheets(冰盖) covering West Antarctica and Greenland, and Arctic sea ice.● Researcher Bill Fraser has found that the penguins(企鹅) in Antarctica are reducing. Their numbers have fallen from 32,000 pairs to 11,000 in 30 years.● Sea level rise has become faster over the last century.● Some insects, animals and plants have moved farther north or to higher and cooler areas. ● Rain and snowfall have increased around the world.● Some harmful insects have developed in Alaska because of 20 years of warm summers. The insects have destroyed forests of more than 16 thousand square kilometres.
Other effects could happen later this century, if warming continues.
● Sea levels are expected to rise between 7 and 23 inches (18 and 59 centimetres) by the end of the century, and continued melting at the poles could add between 4 and 8 inches (10 to 20 centimetres).● Typhoons and other storms may become stronger.● Floods and droughts will become more common. Rainfall in Ethiopia, where droughts are already common, could reduce by 10% over the next 50 years.● Less fresh water will be drinkable. If the ice cap in Peru continues to melt at its speed, it will be gone by 2100, leaving thousands of people without drinking water and electricity.● Some diseases will spread all over the world.● Some creatures could die out. Wildlife research scientist Martyn Obbard has found that since the mid-1980s, with less ice on which to live and fish for food, polar bears have gotten thinner and weaker. He fears that if sea ice disappears, the polar bears will as well.
41 The number of the penguins was ______ 30 years ago.
A. 11,000 B. 22,000 C. 32,000 D. 64,000
42 The sea level ___________ over the last century.
A. has dropped faster B. has dropped slower C. has risen faster D. hasn’t changed
43. Some harmful insects in Alaska like__________ environment.
A. warm B. cold C. clean D. dirty
44 If the ice cap in Peru disappears, people will have no _______.
A. drinking water and electricity B. drinking water and food
C. food and electricity D. drinking water, food and electricity
45 What may happen if the global warming continues
A. The forests will disappear because of harmful insects.
B. Natural disasters will be more serious.
C. Polar bears will all be killed by humans.
D. Diseases will make the animals die out.
第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据短文内容，将下面A---E五个句子分别填入文中空缺处，使得补全后的短文意思通顺，结构完整。
The Spring Festival was supposed to be a time for family gathering. _____46_____
One of the main reasons that the novel coronavirus has been spreading so quickly is that it's transmitted through droplets (飞沫) coughed and sneezed by infected people. These droplets can travel as far as two meters in the air. _____47_____ And even after the droplets fall and land on surfaces, they can stay alive for up to five days. This means everything you touch in a public place might be giving you this deadly virus.
In a new development, it seems possible that the virus can be transmitted through aerosol(气溶胶), which is a suspension (悬浮) in the air (or in gas) of fine solid particle(微粒) or liquid droplets. However, no further evidence has been found to support this statement. _____48_____
Avoiding people and public spaces is not how we planned to spend this festival season. _____49_____ Firstly, we've developed better habits, including washing our hands thoroughly after coming home. We’ve also learned to value the simple happiness - being able to take a walk, going to a restaurant or hanging out with friends.
Try thinking about all the things you'll be free to do after this terrible virus is defeated. _____50_____
A. This makes it dangerous to get too close to people.
B. But perhaps we can look on the bright side.
C. Even so, it's one more reason for you to stay home.
D. Then you'll find the idea of staying at home for now is not so unbearable (无法忍受的).
E. But that tradition came to a stop this year because of an epidemic outbreak.
四、写作 （共四节，满分30分）
第一节 短文填空 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分））
It was a rainy day and the sky was very dark. As 1. u_______, my mother picked me up after school. On our way home, however, the wind blew more and more strongly. Lots of litter was blown up in the sky and the big trees began to shake with the leaves falling down. We felt there was something unusual. So we walked fast. Unluckily, the wind was so strong that we couldn’t 2.h________ the umbrella. The heavy rain kept falling down. We got wet and the cold went through our bodies. Soon, we began to realize that maybe a typhoon was hitting the area. We became 3.f_________ and began to run. But it was hard for us to run fast as the wind kept blowing strongly. After a few minutes, we arrived home but all the clothes were wet. Later, when we watched the news online, we learned that there was really a 4. t________ typhoon in our area and it caused lots of 5.d________. We were lucky as all of us were fine after all.
第二节 完成句子。（共5小题，每题2分，满分10分）
1.他们惊讶地默默凝视着那处奇景
They__________ __________ the strange sight with amazement________ ___________.
2.你要暂时放弃这个念头。
You should_________ _________ this idea__________ __________.
3.多么可怕的一次自然灾害啊！很多人在这次地爲中丧生。
___________ ___________ ____________natural disaster! Many people died in the earthquake.
4.目前许多人坚持这个观点。
The opinion __________ ____________ ___________ by many people at present,
5. 大型物体从我的窗前飘过，比如长途汽车和船只
Large objects, ________ __________coaches and boats, __________ _________ my window.
第三节：书面表达(15分)
在过去几年中，我们已经目睹了人类活动引起的各种灾害。作为一名中学生，请写一份倡议书，呼吁大家关注这些自然灾害并保护环境，内容应包括：
1．举出至少3个由人类活动引发的自然灾害的例子：
2．列出至少3种必要的保护或防范措施。
Dear friends,
I am writing this letter to call on everyone to pay attention to the present disasters caused by human activities
__________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
Sincerely yours，
Li Hua【牛津（广州，深圳，沈阳）版】九年级下U4 Natural disasters
（B卷·提升能力）
学校：__________班级：__________姓名：_________ 考号：___________
温馨提示：
本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为100分，考试时间为100分钟。
第Ⅰ卷 选择题
1、 语法选择(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)
Forest fire is one of the major disasters in the world. Every year, many fires break out in different places of the world. 1 forest fires break out in China each year. which have destroyed lots of forests and houses. Some big fires have even taken people's lives away.
There are mainly two causes of the forest fires： human activities and nature. Most of the forest fires 2 by people. People who go camping or hiking may fail 3 out their campfire completely. Some people may leave the burning cigarettes（香烟）in the forest 4 .
People aren't the only ones ___5____start forest fires. Nature 6 also cause serious fire accidents in the way of a lightning strike（雷击）.What’s worse， 7 the weather is dry and hot. the fire may spread very fast and become out of control.
On March 30th, 2019, there was 8 big forest fire in Muli County, Sichuan Province. 9 was reported that the fire was caused by lightning. More than six hundred firemen went to the forest to put out the fire.
However, the wind suddenly 10 strongly and changed its direction, which led to fire explosion（爆燃）. The firemen fought___11____the big fire bravely. Sadly thirty-one people were killed in the accident, ___12___ twenty-seven forest firemen and four locals. The 13 fireman was only eighteen years old.
To Protect the forest and keep yourselves safe, you shouldn't leave 14 that may cause fire in the forest. When you see a fire. 15 to call 119 and leave the forest as soon as possible.
1.A. Thousand of B. Thousands of C. A thousands D. A thousand of
2.A. are caused B. caused C. cause D. have caused
3.A. putting B. put C. to put D. to be put
4.A. careful B. care C. careless D. carelessly
5.A. what B. who C. which D. why
6 .A. can B. should C. must D. shall
7. A. although B. if C. because D. but
8. A. a B. an C. the D. /
9.A. This B. That C. Which D. It
10.A. blowing B. blows C. blew D. to blow
11. A. against B. for C. into D. through
12.A. included B. including C. includes D. include
13.A. youth B. young C. younger D. youngest
14.A. nothing B. everything C. anything D. something
15.A. remember B. remembering C. to remember D. remembers
【答案】BACDB ACADC ABDCA
【解析】本文叙述森林火灾的原因危害及防止的方法。
1.B考查数词用法。句意：中国每年发生数千起森林火灾。 数以千计的thousands of固定搭配。故选B。
2.A考查被动语态用法。句意：大部分森林火灾是由人引起的。森林火灾被引起用被动。 故选A
3.C考查不定式用法。fail to do sth，做某事不成功，失败。 故选C
4. D考查副词用法。句意：有些人可能不小心把燃烧的香烟留在森林里。修饰动词用副词。carelessly 粗心地 故选D
5. B考查定语从句用法。句意：引发森林火灾的不仅仅是人。先行词是ones指人用who， 故选B
6.A 考查情态动词用法。句意：大自然也会以雷击的方式造成严重的火灾事故。表示“能会”用情态动词can 故选A。
7.C 考查连词用法。句意：更糟的是，因为天气又干又热。火势可能蔓延得很快而失去控制。前后句子是因果关系， 故选C。
8. A考查冠词的用法。句意：2019年3月30日，四川省木里县发生特大森林火灾。表示一类人或物用不定冠词。 故选A。
9. D考查代词用法。句意：据报道火灾是由闪电引起的。据报道。。。据说。。。it is reported/it is said。。 故选D
10. C考查时态用法。句意：然而，风突然猛烈地刮了起来，改变了方向，导致了火灾爆炸。 叙述过去发生的事情用过去时态。故选C。
11.A考查介词用法。句意：消防队员勇敢地与大火搏斗。与。。。作斗争用against。 故选A
12. B考查用法。句意：不幸的是，31人在事故中丧生，包括27名森林消防员和4名当地人。including 介词,一般用在逗号后面,这个是标志,或者是冒号的前面,总之,是用标点隔开用的,故选B。
13. D考查形容词最高级用法。句意：最小的消防员只有十八岁。在牺牲的消防员中间用最高级。 故选D
14.C 考查不定代词用法。句意：为了保护森林和你们自己的安全，你们不应该把任何可能引起火灾的东西留在森林里。Anything任何东西，用于疑问句和否定句中。 故选C
15.A考查祈使句用法。句意：当你看到火的时候。记得打119，尽快离开森林。祈使句用动词原形。 故选A
二、完形填空 阅读短文，掌握大意，选出最佳选项。（共10小题，每小题1分, 共10分）
I shall never forget the day when the earthquake took place. The time was 5：15 in the afternoon and I was driving along the road to __16__ my daughter from school. Our plan was to go __17__ together. I had finished work at about 4 o’clock and then gone to the post office. Then I stopped off at a shop in order to get some ___18___ fruit. We like to have some fruit to eat after our swim when we would feel tired.
I was driving along a high road on my way to the school. Over my road was another way for cars coming the other way. I was __19_ so I put the bag of apples in the seat beside me and started to eat one.
Suddenly I saw the cars in front of me start to move from side to side. I slowed down. Then __20__ started to shake. I didn’t know what was happening. Perhaps something had gone wrong with my car. I drove even slower. I stopped the car and at the same moment the road fell onto the cars in front of me.
I found myself in the dark. I couldn’t move. The bottom parts of both my legs and my __21__ were hurting badly and I couldn’t move them. All around me was __22__ .But above me I could hear shouts and a lot of noise. Then I remembered what had happened. I had been in an earthquake.
For about two hours nobody came. Luckily I could __23__ the bag of apples， so at least I had plenty to eat. Then I heard people climbing towards me. A team of people had come to see if anyone was under the broken __24__ I called out! “I’m here!” I heard a shout， soon a stranger climbed to the side of the bridge near my car， “How are you doing ” he asked. “Not too bad，” I said， “but my feet and legs __25__ as if(似乎) they’re broken.” “We’ll have you out of there just as soon as we can，” he said. They didn’t get me out until the next morning. I had been in my car for 14 hours.
16．A．take up B．bring up C．pick up D．send up
17．A．skating B．shopping C．sightseeing D．swimming
18．A．fresh B．dried C．expensive D．cheap
19．A．happy B．hungry C．surprised D．excited
20．A．the road B．my hands C．my feet D．my car
21．A．hands B．arms C．feet D．fingers
22．A．quiet B．dark C．cold D．noisy
23．A．see B．reach C．catch D．hold
24．A．railway B．trees C．car D．road
25．A．appear B．feel C．seem D．look
【答案】CDABD CABDB
【解析】试题分析：短文大意：本文具体描述了自己在去女儿学校的路上遇见了地震的情况，描述了地震发生时，上方的路倒塌，压倒了下面路上的汽车，导致很大的破坏的细节。
16．C考查动词短语及语境理解。句意：下午5：15，我开车去学校接我女儿。take up占用； 开始从事； 接受；bring up提出； 养育；pick up捡起； 接载；send up发射。Pick up sb. from school 从学校接某人，所以选C。
17．D考查动词及语境理解。句意：我们的计划是去游泳。Skating滑冰；shopping购物；sightseeing观光；swimming游泳。根据下文的We like to have some fruit to eat after our swim判断， 此处应为go swimming，所以选D。
18．A考查形容词及语境理解。句意：为了买一些新鲜的水果我在一个商店前停了车。Fresh新鲜的；dried干的；expensive昂贵的；cheap便宜的。根据句意可知该选A。
19．B考查形容词及语境理解。句意：我饿了，所以我把那袋苹果放在座位旁开始吃。Happy愉快的；hungry饥饿的；surprised惊奇的；excited兴奋的。根据下文的started to eat推断，此处应为 hungry。
20．D考查名词及语境理解。句意：然后我的车开始摇动。the road路；my hands我的手；my feet我的脚；my car我的车。因为他正在驾驶汽车，所以他感到震动的是汽车。故选D。
21．C考查名词及语境理解。句意：我的腿和脚底部痛得厉害，我不能动了。hands手；arms胳膊；feet脚；fingers手指。前面是both my legs，所以此处为feet，腿与脚是相连的整体。所以选C。
22．A考查形容词及语境理解。句意：我的周围静静的。quiet 安静的；dark黑暗的；cold 冷的； noisy吵闹的。根据下句But above me I could hear shouts and a lot of noise.可知该选A。
23．B考查动词及语境理解。句意：幸运的是，我可以够到苹果袋，至少我有足够的东西吃。See看见；reach到达；catch抓住； hold握。根据句意结合语境可知该选B。
24．D考查名词及语境理解。句意：一个团队的人来看看在破损的路下是否有人。Railway铁路；trees树；car小汽车；road路。根据句意结合语境可知该选D。
25．B考查动词及语境理解。句意：但我的脚和腿觉得厉害，好像折了。appear 出现；feel觉得；seem似乎，好像；look看。根据句意结合语境可知该选B。
三、阅读 （共两节，满分45分）
第一节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If you’ve never lived in Asia, you might be wondering what it feels like to experience a typhoon. But if you’ve ever survived a hurricane or tropical cyclone(热带气旋), you already know the answer. That’s because hurricanes, cyclones and typhoons are all the same natural activity. So what’s the difference Scientists just call these storms different things depending on where they happen.
In the Atlantic and northern Pacific, the storms are called “hurricanes”, which were named after the bad Caribbean god called Hurrican. In the northwestern Pacific, the same powerful storms are called “typhoons”. In the Indian Ocean and southwestern Pacific, they are called “tropical cyclones”.
To be considered as a hurricane, typhoon, or cyclone, a storm must reach wind speeds of at least 74 miles per hour (119 kilometres per hour). If a hurricane’s wind speed reaches 111 miles per hour (179 kilometres per hour), it becomes a “strong hurricane”. If a typhoon hits 150 miles per hour (241 kilometres per hour), as Usagi did, then it becomes a “super typhoon”.
The Atlantic hurricane season runs from June through November, while the typhoon and cyclone seasons are a little bit different. In the northeastern Pacific, the main season runs from May to November. In the northwestern Pacific, typhoons are most common from late June through December. And the northern Indian Ocean sees cyclones from April to December.
Whatever you choose to call them, these storms are powerful enough to cause some serious damage. According to NOAA’s National Hurricane Center, the general hurricane eye — the still centre where pressure(压力) is the lowest and air temperature is the highest — covers 30 miles (48 kilometres) across, with some growing as large as 120 miles (200 kilometres) wide. The strongest storms have kept winds over 155 miles per hour (250 kilometres per hour). But with the help of satellites and computers, such storms can be known several days ahead, though it’s still difficult to know their exact route.
26. Hurricanes, cyclone and typhoon_________.
A. happen in different areas. B. happen in different time
C. cause different problems D. are different natural disater.
27. In the _______, the powerful storms are called “typhoons”.
A. Indian Ocean B. northwestern Pacific
C. northern Pacific D. Atlantic
28. A strong hurricane can reach the speed of _______ kilometres per hour.
A. 74 B. 119 C. 179 D. 241
29. Cyclones would probably happen in the northeastern Pacific during ______.
A. February B. April C. October D. December
30.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. The temperature of the hurricane eye is the lowest.
B. The hurricane eye covers 200 miles wide.
C. The strongest storms can be over 250 miles per hour.
D. We can know the storm before it happens by satellites.
【答案】ABCCD
【解析】本文叙述飓风的形成及危害。
26.细节理解题。从第一段Scientists just call these storms different things depending on where they happen.发生地方不同称呼不同。故答案选A
27. 细节理解题。从第二段In the northwestern Pacific, the same powerful storms are called “typhoons”可知答案选B
28. 细节理解题。从第三段。If a hurricane’s wind speed reaches 111 miles per hour (179 kilometres per hour), it becomes a “strong hurricane”.答案选C
29. 细节理解题。从第四段。In the northeastern Pacific, the main season runs from May to November故答案选C
30.判断题。从But with the help of satellites and computers, such storms can be known several days ahead, though it’s still difficult to know their exact route. 但是在卫星和计算机的帮助下，这样的风暴可以在几天前被发现，尽管仍然很难知道它们的确切路线。答案选D
B
Imagine a perfect day: the weather is good and everything seems fine. When, suddenly, your mobile phone loses its signal, the television has no programs, and you can’t get online with your computer.
What has happened These are just the types of problems a solar storm （太阳风暴） might cause.
You may not think of storms as putting our society in danger. But today, a solar storm is as serious as other bad events, such as earthquakes.
A solar storm is caused by solar flares （太阳耀斑） large explosions （爆炸） near the sun that can give off lots of energy. The strong energy can stop the satellite systems （卫星系统） that control our computers, telecom networks and so on. These storms can even cause the power to go out for weeks or months.
In the past few months, scientists have recorded some of the strongest sun flares in years. The most recent one happened around Valentine’s Day, 2011. It caused radio and satellite signals to go down in some northern cities in China.
“Solar flare activity is going to be much worse than what we’ve seen in the past. We’re not talking about a few cities losing power, it could be half of the country, maybe more. ”, a US website about space weather, warned. Scientists say that little can be done to predict such a storm.
Governments around the world are trying to work together before the next storm, although they are not sure when that may happen.
31．What are solar flares according to the passage
A．Telecom networks. B．Solar storms.
C．Large explosions near the sun. D．US websites.
32．What does the underlined word “signal” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Electricity. B．Music. C．Light. D．Sign.
33．Which is the right order of the following things
①Solar flares give off lots of energy. ②People cannot get online with their computers.
③Solar storms happen. ④Satellite systems are stopped.
A．①②③④ B．①③④② C．③①②④ D．③②①④
34．Why did the radio and satellite signals go down in some northern cities in China in February, 2011
A．Because a strong sun flare happened. B．Because an earthquake happened.
C．Because a solar storm stopped. D．Because the satellite systems didn’t work.
35．What is the passage mainly about
A．Asking people to prevent the solar storm from happening.
B．Telling people how to solve the problems caused by solar storms.
C．Calling for scientists to predict when the next solar storm will happen.
D．Introducing what solar storms are to people.
【答案】CDBAD
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的自然灾害——太阳风暴。太阳风暴是由太阳耀斑引起的，它发生时会干扰网络通信系统，导致断网，断电，手机没信号等。
31．细节理解题。根据“A solar storm is caused by solar flares: large explosions near the sun that can give off lots of energy.”可知，太阳风暴是太阳附近的大爆炸，故选C。
32．词义猜测题。根据“your mobile phone loses its signal, the television has no programs, and you can’t get online with your computer.”可知这个时候电视没有节目，电脑不能上网，可推知此处指手机没有信号，划线单词意为：信号，与sign同义。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据“A solar storm is caused by solar flares (太阳耀斑): large explosions(爆炸) near the sun that can give off lots of energy…These storms can even cause the power to go out for weeks or months.”可知太阳风暴是由太阳耀斑引起的，太阳附近产生大爆炸，释放大量的能量，这个强大的能量阻止卫星系统，这些卫星系统控制我们的电脑，所以太阳风暴之后会造成不能上网。故正确的顺序是先发生太阳耀斑，太阳耀斑引起太阳风暴，之后产生的能量会阻止卫星系统，进而造成不能上网。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据“In the past few months, scientists have recorded some of the strongest sun flares in years. The most recent one happened around Valentine’s Day, 2011. It caused radio and satellite signals to go down in some northern cities in China.”可知，2011年2月，中国北方一些城市的无线电和卫星信号下降，因为发生了强烈的太阳耀斑。故选A。
35．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了太阳风暴以及其造成的后果。故选D。
C
In 1845, a deadly disease struck Ireland, killing all the Lumper potato plants. In another place or time, the death of single crop species (物种) might not have been so important. But in Ireland, in 1845, people depended almost solely on the potato for food. The death of one species caused a terrible famine (饥荒). Now, some scientists are worried that such a famine could happen again, but on a much wider area.
Over the centuries, farmers have discovered thousands of different species of food crops. However, you won't find many of these species in your local supermarket. To feed the seven billion people on Earth, most farmers today are growing only species of plants and farming only species of animals that are easy to produce in large numbers.
In the Philippines, there were once thousands of varieties of rice: now fewer than 100 are grown there. In China, 90% of the wheat varieties grown just a century ago have disappeared. Scientists believe that over the past century, more than half of the world's food varieties disappeared.
One solution to this problem is to collect and store the seeds as many different plant varieties as we can before they disappear. The idea was first suggested by Russian scientist Nikolay Vavilov. In the 1920s and 1930s, he collected around 400,000 seeds from five continents. More recently, others are continuing the work he began.
In the US state of Iowa, Diane Ott Whealy wanted to protect historic plant varieties, like the seeds her great –grandfather brought to the US from Germany more than a hundred years ago. She and her husband started a place called Heritage Farm, where people can store and trade seeds.
More importantly, the people at Heritage Farm don't just store the seeds, they plant them. By doing this, they are reintroducing foods into the marketplace that haven't been grown for years. These food species are not just special in terms of appearance or taste. They also offer farmers food solutions for the future, from the past.
36. What is this passage mainly about
A. The fact that many food species are dying out.
B. The need to protect potatoes from disappearing.
C. The ways to increase the number of food species.
D. The ways to prevent food species from disappearing.
37. The underlined word "solely" in Paragraph 1 is in closest meaning to ________.
A. usually B. only C. rarely D. occasionally
38. Why are some scientists worried that such a famine could happen again
A. Because people depend on certain species of food crops.
B. Because the same deadly disease may attack crops again.
C. Because the world's population is larger than that in 1845.
D. Because farmers grow the same potatoes as those in the past.
39. Nikolay Vavilov was the first person who ________.
A. stored and planted seeds B. realized the serious problem
C. suggested collecting plant seeds D. worried a famine could happen again
40. What can we learn from the passage
A. The disease spread very quickly and killed thousands of people in Ireland.
B. Around 80 percent of the rice varieties in the Philippines have disappeared.
C. Heritage Farm is the first place in the US for people to store and trade seeds.
D. People have been storing seeds to save plant varieties for more than 150 years.
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. A
【解析】本文介绍了如何防止食物种类的消失。文章介绍了一个物种的死亡可能会导致一场可怕的饥荒（爱尔兰农场的块茎马铃薯植株的灭绝）。文章提到几个世纪以来，农民们发现了数千种不同种类的粮食作物。但是在过去的一个世纪里，世界上一半以上的食物品种已经消失。解决这个问题的一个办法是尽可能多地收集和储存种子，以免它们消失。基于此美国爱荷华州的黛安·奥特·惠利（DianeOtt-Whealy）和丈夫创办了一个名为传统农场的地方，人们可以在那里储存和交易种子。这样就会防止食物种类的消失了。
36.主旨大意题。根据第三段“Scientists believe that over the past century, we have allowed more than half of the world’s food varieties to disappear.”以及第四段“One solution to this problem is to collect and store the seeds (种子) as many different plant varieties as we can before they disappear.” 可知在过去的一个世纪里，世界上一半以上的食物品种消失。解决这个问题的一个办法是尽可能多地收集和储存种子（种子），以免它们消失。可以推知这篇文章主要讲如何防止食物种类的消失。故选D。
37.词义推断题。根据第一段“But in Ireland, in 1845, people depended almost solely on the potato for food. ”可知但是在1845年的爱尔兰，人们几乎完全依靠马铃薯作为食物。此处强调单一性。故选B。
38.细节理解题。根据第二段“most farmers today are growing only species of plants and farming only species of animals that are easy to produce in large numbers.”可知大多数农民只种植植物品种，只养殖易于大量繁殖的动物品种。而科学家担心这样的饥荒会再次发生是因为人们依赖某些种类的粮食作物。故选A。
39.细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“One solution to this problem is to collect and store the seeds as many different plant varieties as we can before they disappear. The idea was first suggested by Russian scientist Nikolay Vavilov. ”可知尽可能多地收集和存储种子这个想法最初是由俄罗斯科学家尼古拉·瓦维洛夫提出的。故选C。
40.推理判断题。根据第一段“In 1845, a deadly disease struck the farms of Ireland, killing all the Lumper potato plants.”可知1845年，一种致命的疾病袭击了爱尔兰的农场，杀死了所有的块茎马铃薯植株。事实上，这是一个物种的死亡导致了一场可怕的饥荒，可能会给爱尔兰造成数千人的死亡。所以A正确。故选A。
D
Effects of Global Warming
Some effects of increasing temperatures are happening.
● Ice is melting from the North Pole to the South Pole, and everywhere in between. This includes mountain glaciers(冰川), ice sheets(冰盖) covering West Antarctica and Greenland, and Arctic sea ice.● Researcher Bill Fraser has found that the penguins(企鹅) in Antarctica are reducing. Their numbers have fallen from 32,000 pairs to 11,000 in 30 years.● Sea level rise has become faster over the last century.● Some insects, animals and plants have moved farther north or to higher and cooler areas. ● Rain and snowfall have increased around the world.● Some harmful insects have developed in Alaska because of 20 years of warm summers. The insects have destroyed forests of more than 16 thousand square kilometres.
Other effects could happen later this century, if warming continues.
● Sea levels are expected to rise between 7 and 23 inches (18 and 59 centimetres) by the end of the century, and continued melting at the poles could add between 4 and 8 inches (10 to 20 centimetres).● Typhoons and other storms may become stronger.● Floods and droughts will become more common. Rainfall in Ethiopia, where droughts are already common, could reduce by 10% over the next 50 years.● Less fresh water will be drinkable. If the ice cap in Peru continues to melt at its speed, it will be gone by 2100, leaving thousands of people without drinking water and electricity.● Some diseases will spread all over the world.● Some creatures could die out. Wildlife research scientist Martyn Obbard has found that since the mid-1980s, with less ice on which to live and fish for food, polar bears have gotten thinner and weaker. He fears that if sea ice disappears, the polar bears will as well.
41 The number of the penguins was ______ 30 years ago.
A. 11,000 B. 22,000 C. 32,000 D. 64,000
42 The sea level ___________ over the last century.
A. has dropped faster B. has dropped slower C. has risen faster D. hasn’t changed
43. Some harmful insects in Alaska like__________ environment.
A. warm B. cold C. clean D. dirty
44 If the ice cap in Peru disappears, people will have no _______.
A. drinking water and electricity B. drinking water and food
C. food and electricity D. drinking water, food and electricity
45 What may happen if the global warming continues
A. The forests will disappear because of harmful insects.
B. Natural disasters will be more serious.
C. Polar bears will all be killed by humans.
D. Diseases will make the animals die out.
【答案】DCAAB
【解析】本文介绍如果全球气候还在变暖的话，将会产生一些严重的后果。
41.细节理解题。从Their numbers have fallen from 32,000 pairs to 11,000 in 30 years. 30年来，它们的数量从3.2万对降至1.1万对。可知答案选D
42.细节理解题。Sea levels are expected to rise between 7 and 23 inches (18 and 59 centimetres) by the end of the century, and continued melting at the poles could add between 4 and 8 inches (10 to 20 centimetres). 到本世纪末，海平面预计将上升7至23英寸（18至59厘米），两极的持续融化可能会增加4至8英寸（10至20厘米）。故答案选C
43.推理判断题。从Some harmful insects have developed in Alaska because of 20 years of warm summers. The insects have destroyed forests of more than 16 thousand square kilometres. 由于20年的温暖夏季，一些有害昆虫已经在阿拉斯加出现。这些昆虫摧毁了超过1.6万平方公里的森林。可以判断这些害虫喜欢温暖的气候。答案 A
44.细节理解题。If the ice cap in Peru continues to melt at its speed, it will be gone by 2100, leaving thousands of people without drinking water and electricity. 如果秘鲁的冰盖继续以其速度融化，它将在2100年消失，导致数千人没有饮用水和电力。答案选A
45.细节判断题。●Typhoons and other storms may become stronger. 台风和其他风暴可能会变得更强。
● Floods and droughts will become more common. 洪水和干旱将变得更加常见可知答案 选B
第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据短文内容，将下面A---E五个句子分别填入文中空缺处，使得补全后的短文意思通顺，结构完整。
The Spring Festival was supposed to be a time for family gathering. _____46_____
One of the main reasons that the novel coronavirus has been spreading so quickly is that it's transmitted through droplets (飞沫) coughed and sneezed by infected people. These droplets can travel as far as two meters in the air. _____47_____ And even after the droplets fall and land on surfaces, they can stay alive for up to five days. This means everything you touch in a public place might be giving you this deadly virus.
In a new development, it seems possible that the virus can be transmitted through aerosol(气溶胶), which is a suspension (悬浮) in the air (or in gas) of fine solid particle(微粒) or liquid droplets. However, no further evidence has been found to support this statement. _____48_____
Avoiding people and public spaces is not how we planned to spend this festival season. _____49_____ Firstly, we've developed better habits, including washing our hands thoroughly after coming home. We’ve also learned to value the simple happiness - being able to take a walk, going to a restaurant or hanging out with friends.
Try thinking about all the things you'll be free to do after this terrible virus is defeated. _____50_____
A. This makes it dangerous to get too close to people.
B. But perhaps we can look on the bright side.
C. Even so, it's one more reason for you to stay home.
D. Then you'll find the idea of staying at home for now is not so unbearable (无法忍受的).
E. But that tradition came to a stop this year because of an epidemic outbreak.
【答案】46. E 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. D
【解析】本文介绍了春节期间新冠病毒爆发，人们必须待在家里的原因，以及待在家里也有好的一面。
46.根据“One of the main reasons that the novel coronavirus has been spreading so quickly is that it's transmitted through droplets (飞沫) coughed and sneezed by infected people. ”可知，此处表示今年的流行病爆发，春节期间，家人相聚这个传统停止了，故选E。
47.根据“These droplets can travel as far as two meters in the air. ”可知，飞沫在空气中可以传播到两米远，因此这样人靠得太近是非常危险的，故选A。
48.根据“However, no further evidence has been found to support this statement.”可知，虽然没有更多的证据来支持气溶胶可以传播新冠病毒，但即便如此，这也是必须待在家里的另一个原因，故选C。
49.根据“Firstly, we've developed better habits, including washing our hands thoroughly after coming home. We’ve also learned to value the simple happiness ”可知，我们养成了好习惯，学会珍惜简单的幸福，因此表示我们应该看到这次流行病好的一面，故选B。
50.根据“Try thinking about all the things you'll be free to do after this terrible virus is defeated.”可知，试着想想在这个可怕的病毒被打败后你可以做的所有事情，然后你会发现现在待在家里也不是无法忍受的，故选D。
四、写作 （共四节，满分30分）
第一节 短文填空 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分））
It was a rainy day and the sky was very dark. As 1. u_______, my mother picked me up after school. On our way home, however, the wind blew more and more strongly. Lots of litter was blown up in the sky and the big trees began to shake with the leaves falling down. We felt there was something unusual. So we walked fast. Unluckily, the wind was so strong that we couldn’t 2.h________ the umbrella. The heavy rain kept falling down. We got wet and the cold went through our bodies. Soon, we began to realize that maybe a typhoon was hitting the area. We became 3.f_________ and began to run. But it was hard for us to run fast as the wind kept blowing strongly. After a few minutes, we arrived home but all the clothes were wet. Later, when we watched the news online, we learned that there was really a 4. t________ typhoon in our area and it caused lots of 5.d________. We were lucky as all of us were fine after all.
【答案】1.uausal 2.hold 3.frihgtened 4.terrible 5.damage
第二节 完成句子。（共5小题，每题2分，满分10分）
1.他们惊讶地默默凝视着那处奇景
They__________ __________ the strange sight with amazement________ ___________.
2.你要暂时放弃这个念头。
You should_________ _________ this idea__________ __________.
3.多么可怕的一次自然灾害啊！很多人在这次地爲中丧生。
___________ ___________ ____________natural disaster! Many people died in the earthquake.
4.目前许多人坚持这个观点。
The opinion __________ ____________ ___________ by many people at present,
5. 大型物体从我的窗前飘过，比如长途汽车和船只
Large objects, ________ __________coaches and boats, __________ _________ my window.
【答案】1.stared at in silence 2.give up for now 3.What a terrible 4.was sticked to
5.such as passed by
第三节：书面表达(15分)
在过去几年中，我们已经目睹了人类活动引起的各种灾害。作为一名中学生，请写一份倡议书，呼吁大家关注这些自然灾害并保护环境，内容应包括：
1．举出至少3个由人类活动引发的自然灾害的例子：
2．列出至少3种必要的保护或防范措施。
Dear friends,
I am writing this letter to call on everyone to pay attention to the present disasters caused by human activities
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Thank you!
Sincerely yours，
Li Hua
范文
Dear friends，
I am writing this letter to call on everyone to pay attention to the present disasters caused by human activities. As some of you may know, over the past years, floods, droughts, landslides, and dust storms have frequented our planet. Not long ago, a tsunami swept the Southeast Asia, which caused enormous damage. All these have sounded an alarm to human beings. So it is high time that we save our planet.
Above all, a task of top priority for us is to plant trees as many as possible, especially in the arid areas. At the same time, we should stop cutting down trees in large amount. And we can save our planet through many other ways, such as saving water and using recycled paper.
So don't hesitate to act out these measures. Even a small action is meaningful to our planet. Please join us in the action of protecting our planet. If you are willing to do something to save our planet, please start from the little thing right around you.
Thank you !
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
