中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 1 Encyclopaedias 测试卷
（A卷·夯实基础）
【牛津（广州，深圳，沈阳）版】
学校：__________班级：__________姓名：_________ 考号：___________
温馨提示：
本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为100分，考试时间为100分钟。
第Ⅰ卷 选择题（70分）
【重点语法】
不定代词some any something anything somebody anybody nobody 等的用法。
【重点句式】
1.达芬奇出生在农村。
Da Vinci was born in the countryside.
2.从很小的时候，他就展示出超凡智力和艺术能力。
From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic ability.
3.随着他年龄的增长，他学习了很多不同的东西。
As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things.
4.例如，他的笔记本包括一些有趣的飞行的绘图。
For example, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines.
5.一些恐龙像鸡一样小，另一些像十头大象那样大。
Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants.
6.突然，所有的恐龙都灭绝了。
Suddenly, they all died out.
一、语法选择（15分）
Pyramids（金字塔）are one of the most interesting buildings in the world. Many of the pyramids still survive along the Nile River in Egypt today for us ____1____and study. In modern days, people look at them and ask, “Who built _____2_____ Why When What is inside ”
_____3____years ago, some kings of Egypt created the pyramids. They ____4____them as tombs（坟墓）.They thought the pyramids ____5_____ help people remember them as important persons.
The oldest pyramid we know today____6_____about 5,000 years old. Some of them are huge. ___7_____pyramid is the Pyramid of Khufu. It is about 144 metres high and it is made___8____ 2,300,000 stones. The stones are____9_____big and heavy. Most of them are taller than ____10_____ person. Scientists estimate（估计）it took at least 100,000 workers over 20 years to build the pyramid. As one of the Seven Wonders of the World, the Pyramid of Khufu is a very popular place of interest. Every year, travellers from all over the world _____11___to visit it.
How did ancient people build the pyramids ____12_____did they carry and lift up the large stones Each stone fits with one another so well, _____13_____the people didn't have modern machines at all! Now scientists are working ____14_____to study the pyramids. However,_____15______ can say how ancient people built them.
1 A. to see B. seeing C. saw D. sees
2 A. they B. them C. their D. theirs
3 A. Thousands with B. Thousand with C. Thousands of D. Thousand of
4 A. built B. building C. build D. are building
5 A. will B. could C. should D. may
6 A. is B. are C. was D. were
7 A. Large B. Larger C. Largest D. The largest
8 A. from B. by C. of D. with
9 A. very B. such C. much D. too
10 A. a B. an C. the D. /
11 A. came B. come C. comes D. are coming
12 A. What B. How C. Which D. Who
13 A. so B. if C. but D. because
14 A. hard B. hardly C. harder D. more hardly
15 A. somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. nobody
【答案】ABCAB ADCAA BBCAD
【解析】
1.A考查不定式用法。句意：许多金字塔至今仍保存在埃及尼罗河沿岸，供我们参观和研究。这里不定式表示目的。答案选A
2.B考查代词用法。句意：谁建造？built后面用代词宾格。them指这些金字塔。答案选B
3 C考查固定搭配用法。Thousands of 成千上万。答案选C
4.A考查时态用法。叙述过去发生的事情用过去时态。答案选A
5.B考查用法。句意：他们认为金字塔会帮助人们记住他们是重要人物。叙述过去某时间起点将要发生的事情用过去式。答案选B
6.A考查时态用法。叙述现在的状态用现在时态。答案选A
7.D考查形容词最高级用法。句意：最大的金字塔是胡夫金字塔。答案选D
8.C考查介词用法。be made of 由。。。制成（看得出原材料） be made from 由。。。制成（看不出原材料）答案选C
9.A考查副词用法。修饰形容词用very修饰。答案选A
10.A考查冠词用法。表示一类人或物用不定冠词。答案选A
11.B考查时态用法。句意：每年都有来自世界各地的游客来参观。表示现在的状态或特征，用一般现在时态。答案选B
12.B考查用法。句意：他们是如何搬运和举起这些大石头的？根据句意答案选B
13.C考查用法。前后句子转折关系答案选C
14.A考查词语辨异用法。Hard 努力地。Hardly 几乎不。这里不需要用比较级。答案选A
15.D考查用法。句意：然而，没有人能说出古人是如何建造它们的。答案选D
二、 完形填空（10分）（2018年2中8年级期中考试题）
I sat with my friend in a well-known coffee shop in Italy.
As we enjoyed our coffee, a man entered and ___16___ beside us. He called the waiter and placed his ___17___ saying, “Two cups of coffee, and put one of them there on the wall.”
We ___18___ this order with great interest. We saw him drink one cup of coffee but he paid for two. When he left, the waiter put a piece of paper on the ___19___ saying “A Cup of Coffee”.
Then two other men entered and ordered ___20___ cups of coffee, two on the table and one on the wall. They had two cups of coffee, but paid for three and left. The waiter did the ___21___.
After a few days, we went to this coffee shop again. A man ___22___ dressed entered. As he sat down, he looked at the wall and said, “One cup of coffee from the wall.”
The waiter ___23___ coffee to this man. The man had his coffee and left without paying. Then the waiter wasn’t ___24___. He took off a piece of paper from the wall instead.
Now it was very clear. What a truly ___25___ thought! Probably it is the most beautiful wall!
16. A. ate B. played C. sat D. stand
17. A. hat B. order C. coffee D. food
18. A. said B. asked C. smelt D. heard
19. A. wall B. table C. floor D. chair
20. A. two B. three C. four D. one
21. A. different B. special C. common D. same
22. A. richly B. poorly C. nicely D. beautifully
23. A. bought B. sold C. gave D. made
24. A. unhappy B. relaxed C. interested D. happy
25. A. bad B. terrible C. beautiful D. worried
【答案】16. C 17. B 18.D 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C
【解析】文章讲诉了当我坐在咖啡店喝咖啡时，他付了两杯的钱，喝了一杯咖啡，服务生把一张纸贴在墙上，后来又进来两个人，喝了两杯，付了三杯的钱，服务生又把一张纸贴在墙上，我很惊讶，几天后，当我喝咖啡时，进来一个衣衫褴褛的人，他看着墙说“墙上的一杯咖啡”，那人喝完，没结账就走了，服务生从墙上揭下一张纸，我最后知道这是小镇上对穷人的尊重，多么伟大的地方啊！
16.句意：一个人进来坐在我们旁边。A. ate吃；B. played玩；C. sat坐；D stand 站。根据. He called the waiter and placed his ___17__ saying, “Two cups of coffee, and put one of them there on the wall.”可在是坐下；故选C
17.句意：他就来服务生点单。A. hat帽子；B. order点单；C. coffee咖啡；根据“Two cups of coffee, and put one of them there on the wall.”可知是点单；故选B
18.句意：我们听见这样的点单很感兴趣。A. said说；B. asked问；C smelt 闻 D. heard听见；根据saying, “Two cups of coffee, and put one of them there on the wall.”可知是听见；故选D
19.句意：服务生把一张纸贴在墙上说“一杯咖啡”。A. wall墙；B. table桌子；C. floor地板；D chair 椅子。根据put one of them there on the wall.可知在墙上；故选A
20.句意：两个人进来点了3杯咖啡。根据two on the table and one on the wall. They had two cups of coffee, but paid for three and left.可知是3杯；故选B
21.句意：服务生做了相同的事情。A. different不同的；B. special特殊的；C. common 普通的 D. same相同的；根据two on the table and one on the wall.和上文那个人喝了一杯咖啡，付了两杯的钱，服务生把一张纸贴在墙上，可知这次还是这样，所以是相同的；故选D
22.句意：一个衣衫褴褛的人进来。A. richly富有地；B. poorly贫穷地；C. nicely好地；D beautifully 漂亮地。根据As he sat down, he looked at the wall and said, “One cup of coffee from the wall.”和The man had his coffee and left without paying.可知是没钱买咖啡，故选B
23.句意：服务生给这个人一杯咖啡。A. bought买；B. sold卖；C. gave给；D. made 制作。根据give sth to sb给某人某物，根据The man had his coffee and left without paying.可知是给；故选C
24.句意：服务生没有不高兴。A. unhappy不高兴的；B. relaxed放松的；C. interested有趣的；D. 高兴的。根据The man had his coffee and left without paying. 和 He took off a piece of paper from the wall instead.可知是虽然那个人没付钱，但是服务生没不高兴；故选A
25.句意：多么真实美丽的想法啊！A. bad坏的；B. terrible可怕的；C. beautiful美丽的；D .worried 担心的。根据Probably it is the most beautiful wall!可知是美丽的；故选C
三、 阅读理解（共4篇每题2分，共40分）
A
Stephen Hawking, a world famous British physicist, died on March 14, 2018. Many people around the world felt so sad about his death. Hawking once wrote a children’s book with his daughter when he was alive. Hawking said the book would be "a bit like Harry Potter" but without the magic. "It explains the wonders of the universe(宇宙)," said Hawking, while he was on a visit to Hong Kong.
Hawking is probably the world’s most famous scientist after Albert Einstein. He is an expert on black holes. He has put his whole life into digging into the beginning (and the end) of the universe. "My goal is simple," Hawking once said. "It is to completely understand the universe, why it is as it is and why it is there at all."
Hawking had a bad illness that stopped him from moving or talking. For a period of time, he had no way to communicate except by blinking(眨眼).
He sat on a wheelchair with a computer by his side. To communicate, he moved two fingers to control the computer’s mouse. He selected his words from the screen, which are then spoken by a voice synthesizer(音响合成器).I have had the disease for most of my life," Hawking once said. "yet it has not stopped me from being successful at my work."
Although Hawking was such a disabled man, he made great achievements. He received many awards and prizes for his work over the years. This includes winning the Albert Einstein Award. It is the highest achievement in theoretical physics(理论物理).
26．What is the book that Stephen Hawking wrote like
A．It’s the same as Harry Potter B．It is quite different from Harry Potter.
C．It is about the magic D．It is about science
27．What can we learn from the passage
A．Hawking is more famous than Einstein. B．Hawking is less famous than Einstein.
C．Both Hawking and Einstein are very famous. D．Neither Hawking nor Einstein is famous.
28．What does the underlined word "It" stand for in paragraph2
A．The goal. B．The magic. C．The universe. D．The book.
29．According to the text, which of the following is TURE
A．Hawking has received many awards and prices except the Albert Einstein Award.
B．The illness keeps him from moving and talking.
C．He communicates with others by speaking.
D．The illness stopped him from being successful.
30．What is the best title for the text
A．Stephen Hawking B．A Famous Book C．Live as Hawking Does D．A Clever Man
【答案】DCABA
【解析】短文大意：本文是一篇人物小传，介绍了著名物理学家霍金的科学成就和卓越贡献。
26．题意：史蒂芬·霍金写的书是什么样的 考查句意理解题。根据霍金的解释It explains the wonders of the universe它解释了宇宙的奇迹，可知是科学书，故选D。
27．题意：我们可以从这篇文章中了解到什么 考查细节推断题。A. Hawking is more famous than Einstein. 霍金比爱因斯坦更有名。B. Hawking is less famous than Einstein.霍金不如爱因斯坦有名。C. Both Hawking and Einstein are very famous. 霍金和爱因斯坦都很有名。D. Neither Hawking nor Einstein is famous. 霍金和爱因斯坦都不出名。根据Hawking is probably the world’s most famous scientist after Albert Einstein.，可知霍金和爱因斯坦都很有名选C。
28．题意：第2段中带下划线的单词“It”代表什么 考查词义理解题。根据上文My goal is simple，可知it指的是上文的My goal，故选A。
29．题意：根据课文，下列哪个选项是正确的 考查细节判断题。A. Hawking has received many awards and prices except the Albert Einstein Award. 除了阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦奖，霍金还获得了许多奖项和奖项。B. The illness keeps him from moving and talking. 疾病使他不能活动和说话。C. He communicates with others by speaking. 他通过说话与别人交流。D. The illness stopped him from being successful.疾病阻止了他的成功。根据最后一段He received many awards and prizes for his work over the years. This includes winning the Albert Einstein Award. 霍金获得了包括爱因斯坦奖在内的许多奖项，可知选B。
30．题意：课文的最佳标题是什么 考查标题归纳题。根据短文内容，可知介绍的是物理学家霍金的科学成就，故选A。
B
Pliny the Elder (老普林尼) wrote the first encyclopaedia with the help of his nephew. This work was made up of 37 books and had many subjects such as anthropology(人类学) and painting. Through the following few centuries, encyclopaedias were connected to religion (宗教). The first Christian edition appeared in 560 AD, and the first Muslim volume came to light soon after.
One of the longest encyclopaedias ever was produced in 1403 when The Yongle Encyclopaedia《永乐大典》appeared in China. It had 11,095 volumes. Most of the original work has been lost .through the centuries, and people can see less than 400 volumes today. The word "encyclopaedia" coming from Greek means "a general knowledge". It has been .in use for at least 500 years.
In the 20th century, the Encyclopaedia Britannica became the most well known western work of this type. At the same time, topical encyclopaedias became the most popular, covering different topics. At the end of the century, many publishers began to publish them in digital formats such as Compact Discs (CDs) and Digital Versatile Discs (DVDs).
31. How many books did the first encyclopaedia have
A. Thirty-seven. B. Twenty-seven. C. Thirty-eight. D. Seventeen.
32. When did The first Christian edition appear
A. In 37 AD. B. In 560 AD. C. Before 37 AD. D. Before 560 AD.
33. Where was the word "encyclopaedia" from
A. Chinese. B. English. C. German. D. Greek.
34. Which of the encyclopaedias began to be the most popular in the 20th century
A. The Yongle Encyclopaedia.
B. Topical encyclopaedias.
C. The Encyclopaedia Britannica.
D. The first Christian edition.
35. The passage is about_______.
A. the history of encyclopaedias B. the kinds of encyclopaedias
C. one of the longest encyclopaedias D. the most popular encyclopaedia
【答案】ABDBA
【解析】本文介绍了百科全书的历史和发展。
31细节理解题。根据文中“Pliny the Elder （老普林尼） wrote the first encyclopaedia with the help of his nephew. This work was made up of 37 books and had many subjects such as anthropology（人类学） and painting."可知，这部著作由37本书组成，故选 A
32.细节理解题。根据文中"The first Christian edition appeared in 560 ADJ可知，第一个基督教版本出现在公元560年。故选B。
33.细节理解题。根据文中The word “encyclopaedia” coming from Greek means “a general knowledge” ”可知，“百科全书”一词来自希腊语，故选D。
34.细节理解题。根据文中“In the 20th century, the Encyclopaedia Britannica became the most well known western work of this type. At the same time, topical encyclopaedias became the most popular, covering different topics.”可知，二十世纪 时topical encyclopaedias变得最受欢迎。故选B。
35.主旨大意题。根据整个文童的内容及Pliny the Elder （老普林尼）wrote the first encyclopaedia with the help of his nephew...and the first Muslim volume came to light soon after.”可知，主要是在 介绍百科全书的历史和发展。故选A
C
Almost all animals need to sleep to stay healthy. But sleeping can also be dangerous because other animals may hurt those who are sleeping. This leads to many different ways of sleeping that help them stay safe. Some of these ways may surprise you!
Almost all bats sleep upside down. They hang from a branch of a tree or the ceiling of a cave. Up high, bats are safe from most other animals. If they are in danger, they just fly away.
A dolphin sleeps with just half its brain at a time. It must stay awake to breathe and to watch for danger. Dolphin mothers and babies can go without sleep for as long as two months to stay safe.
Some ducks sleep with just half their brains, too. These ducks often sleep in a line. The ducks at both ends help to keep the group safe. They keep one eye open to watch for danger. The ducks in the middle sleep deeply with both eyes closed.
Seals breathe air, but that doesn’t stop some of them from sleeping underwater. They hold their breath and dive deep to sleep for up to twenty minutes at a time. Sleeping deep underwater helps these seals stay safe from animals that hunt them near the surface.
Horses often sleep standing up. Their legs lock in place so they don’t fall over. If a horse is lying down, it needs a long time to get up. A horse can run from danger more quickly if it is already standing.
A flamingo can sleep while standing on one leg. The standing leg locks so it stays straight. The other leg remains close to the flamingo’s body. Its head rests on its back. A flamingo lives (and sleeps) near many other birds to stay safe.
Some seabirds can sleep while they fly. These large birds spend most of their lives over the ocean. They are in danger on the water, but they are safe in the air. They fly for many hours without flapping（拍打）their wings. Sometimes they sleep while they are flying.
Would you like to sleep how they sleep
36.The underlined word “hang” in paragraph 2 means “________”in Chinese.
A.暂停 B 平躺 C 站立 D悬挂
37．The animals that sleep with half their brains are _______.
A．ducks and seals B．dolphins and ducks
C．bats and dolphins D．flamingos and seabirds
38．Horses often stand up when they sleep because _______.
A．they can run from danger quickly B．they are afraid of falling over
C．this helps them to sleep deeply D．it takes them a long time to go to sleep
39.Which of the following is true according to the passage
A. All the ducks sleep with one eye open.
B. Dolphin babies can keep sleeping for two months.
C. For seals, sleeping deep underwater is safer than on the land.
D. Flamingos like to sleep alone with one leg standing.
40．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．How animals sleep B．Sleep to stay healthy
C．Sleep as animals do D．What sleeping animals are like
【答案】DBADA
【解析】文章大意：动物需要睡眠来保持健康，但睡眠可能是危险的，因为其它动物可能会伤害那些正在睡觉的动物，文中介绍了一些动物特殊的睡眠方式，通过这些奇特的睡眠方式来保护自己的安全。
36.D字义猜测题题。蝙蝠倒着睡觉。它们_______在树枝或洞穴的天花板上.所以这里是悬挂。
37．B细节理解题。根据文中的句子A dolphin sleeps with just half its brain at a time．海豚一次只用半个大脑睡觉，以及Some ducks sleep with just half their brains，too．一些鸭子也只有一半的大脑睡眠，可知海豚和鸭子只用一半的大脑睡觉；故答案选B。
38．A细节理解题。根据文中的句子A horse can run from danger more quickly if it is already standing.可知，马站立睡眠是为了能更快的逃离危险；故答案选A。
39.D细节理解题。答案D正确、
40．A主旨归纳题。本文通过列举说明动物为了避免在睡觉时受到伤害而形成的不同的睡眠方式，可知文章主要讲动物是如何睡觉的，故答案选A。
D
The Mid-Autumn Festival has a history of 2,000 years. During these 2,000 years lots of Mid-Autumn traditions have been thought up by Chinese people. All the celebrations show the happiness and excitement of people.
The main celebrations during the Mid-Autumn Festival are appreciating the moon, eating moon cakes together and making Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival lanterns. These three celebrations have been passed from generation to generation. Chinese people may think the Mid-Autumn Festival is not coming if they don't do these three things.
In some places in China people celebrate the festival in different ways. In Chaozhou, Guangdong Province, people eat taro(芋头) to celebrate the festival, because the taro harvest occurs at the same time as the festival. They eat taro and hope the harvest is good in the next year. In Nanjing, people cook duck with sweet-scented osmanthus (桂花) , because Nanjing people think sweet-scented osmanthus is a symbol of peace. In some places people make fires inside towers to celebrate the festival, because they think the fire is a symbol of good business.
In the literary history of China, many poets penned praise to the pure moon of mid-autumn night and gave words to their delicate feelings. The following is one of the best of those poems.
Thoughts in the Silent Night
-Li Bai
The moonlight is shining through the window,
And it makes me wonder if it is the frost on the ground,
Looking up to see the moon,
Looking down I miss so much about my hometown.
Li Bai used his lines to express his homesickness at the Moon Festival.
41.All the celebrations of the Mid-Autumn Festival show ______ .
A. the happiness of people B. the differences of people
C. the importance of the Festival D. the happiness and excitement of people
42.How many main kinds of celebrations are mentioned
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
43.Why do people make fires inside towers to celebrate the festival in some places
A. Because they think the fire is a symbol of peace.
B. Because they think the fire is a symbol of good business.
C. Because they hope the harvest is good in the next year.
D. Because they hope they will be healthier in the next year.
44.What does the underlined word "frost" mean in Chinese
A．霜 B．雾 C．影 D．光
45.What did Li Bai do to express his homesickness at the Moon Festival
A.A story of Moon. B.A poem named Thoughts in the Silent Night.
C.A song called Thoughts in the Silent Night. D.A joke.
【答案】DCBAB
【答案】41．D细节理解题．根据文中第一段的原句All the celebrations show the happiness and excitement of people．可以得知所有的庆祝活动展示出人们的幸福和兴奋．故选D．
42．C细节理解题．根据文中第二段的原句The main celebrations during the Mid-Autumn Festival are appreciating the moon，eating moon-cakes together and making Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival lanterns．可以得知，中秋节主要的庆祝活动是赏月、吃月饼和制作灯笼．故选C．
43．B细节理解题．根据文中第三段的原句because they think the fire is a symbol of good business．可以得知，他们在塔中点火是因为他们认为火是生意兴隆的象征．故选B．
44．A词汇理解题．这几句话是李白的《静夜思》中的英文翻译，根据诗中第二句"疑是地上霜"可以得知，这个不认识的词是霜的意思．故选A．
45．B细节理解题．题目问到，诗人李白是怎么样寄托思乡之苦的，结合文章最后的表述，当然是以一首《静夜思》来表达思乡之情了．故选B．
第二节、阅读填空（5分）
Everyone needs to sleep. This is a fact of life that everyone has to deal with. Our body has to have time to recover the energy that we used throughout the day. 46 __________. However, according to a study, about 38% of Chinese people are not getting enough sleep. Many studies have shown that if one doesn’t sleep well, he or she will feel tired and think slowly. 47 __________. As a result, many of us are so busy that we want to sleep as little as possible. But have you ever noticed that when you are very tired, you have difficulty thinking about things solving problems This is because your body is not only thing that is tired, 48 __________.
To enjoy to the full, let’s work together to make a change.49 __________. The World Sleep Day is held annually（每年地）on the Friday of the second full work of March. 50 __________.
Please remember to join us then!
Your mind is tired, too.We can encourage more people to pay attention to the importance of enough sleep by celebrating the World Sleep Day.It seems that there’s always too much work for us.This is what is happening when we are sleeping.This year the World Sleep Day is on 13 March.
【答案】DCABE
第2卷 非选择题（共30分）
第一节、短文填空（５分）
Leonardo da Vinci was 1.b__________ in the 2 c___________ in 1452. When he was young, he showed great intelligence and artistic 3 a___________. His painting Mona Lisa is 4.p__________ the most famous painting all over the world. He was also an inventor and had many 5 i____________.
【答案】1.born 2.countrside 3.ability 4.perhaps 5.inventions
第二节、完成句子（１０分）
１.他昨天不得不在字典里查阅这个单词。
He ______ ______ ______ ______ the word
２. 我过去常常和我外婆一块去散步。
I used to ______ ______ ______ _______with my grandma.
３. 这条裙子是我妈妈缝制的。
The dress _______ _______ _______ my mum.
４.今天你们会听到某个名人的故事。
Today you will hear a story of ________ ______.
５.我会尽力搞清楚怎么用这台机器。
I’ll try my best to ________ ______ _____ _______ use this machine.
【答案】１.has to look up 2.go for a walk 3.was made by 4.somebody famous 5.find out how to
三、书面表达(15分)
假如你们班正在举行英语读书节活动，你准备向同学们介绍《百科全书》。请你根据以下内容提示，完成你的发言稿。
内容提示：
1. 《百科全书》是记录人类一切知识的工具书；
2. 东方国家和西方国家都有自己的《百科全书》；
3.人们可以在网络上查阅有关《百科全书》的信息;
4.补充1-2点你对百科全书的看法。
要求:80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 可适当各挥。
参考词汇:record记录reference book工具书
Dear classmates,
I am going to introduce the Encyclopaedia to you.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Dear classmates,
I am going to introduce the Encyclopaedia to you. Encyclopaedia is a reference book to record all kinds of knowledge of human beings. Both western countries and eastern countries have their own Encyclopaedia. People can look up the information about Encyclopaedia on the Internet, and it is very convenient.
I think Encyclopaedia is very useful and helpful. People can know a lot of knowledge from it. If there is something I am not sure, I will look up the Encyclopaedia at once.
I believe you will be interested in the Encyclopaedia if you have a look at it. That’s all. Thank you!
【书面表达写作指导】
本篇书面表达要求写一篇发言稿介绍一下《百科全书》，且给出了简单提示。动笔之前我们首先需要仔细阅读提示内容，然后分段进行写作。第一段对《百科全书》做一简单介绍；第二段谈谈你对《百科全书》的看法；第三段总结全文，呼吁同学们阅读《百科全书》。
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Unit 1 Encyclopaedias 测试卷
（A卷·夯实基础）
【牛津（广州，深圳，沈阳）版】
学校：__________班级：__________姓名：_________ 考号：___________
温馨提示：
本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为100分，考试时间为100分钟。
第Ⅰ卷 选择题（70分）
【重点语法】
不定代词some any something anything somebody anybody nobody 等的用法。
【重点句式】
1.达芬奇出生在农村。
Da Vinci was born in the countryside.
2.从很小的时候，他就展示出超凡智力和艺术能力。
From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic ability.
3.随着他年龄的增长，他学习了很多不同的东西。
As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things.
4.例如，他的笔记本包括一些有趣的飞行的绘图。
For example, his notebooks include some interesting drawings of flying machines.
5.一些恐龙像鸡一样小，另一些像十头大象那样大。
Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens. Others were as big as ten elephants.
6.突然，所有的恐龙都灭绝了。
Suddenly, they all died out.
一、语法选择（15分）
Pyramids（金字塔）are one of the most interesting buildings in the world. Many of the pyramids still survive along the Nile River in Egypt today for us ____1____and study. In modern days, people look at them and ask, “Who built _____2_____ Why When What is inside ”
_____3____years ago, some kings of Egypt created the pyramids. They ____4____them as tombs（坟墓）.They thought the pyramids ____5_____ help people remember them as important persons.
The oldest pyramid we know today____6_____about 5,000 years old. Some of them are huge. ___7_____pyramid is the Pyramid of Khufu. It is about 144 metres high and it is made___8____ 2,300,000 stones. The stones are____9_____big and heavy. Most of them are taller than ____10_____ person. Scientists estimate（估计）it took at least 100,000 workers over 20 years to build the pyramid. As one of the Seven Wonders of the World, the Pyramid of Khufu is a very popular place of interest. Every year, travellers from all over the world _____11___to visit it.
How did ancient people build the pyramids ____12_____did they carry and lift up the large stones Each stone fits with one another so well, _____13_____the people didn't have modern machines at all! Now scientists are working ____14_____to study the pyramids. However,_____15______ can say how ancient people built them.
1 A. to see B. seeing C. saw D. sees
2 A. they B. them C. their D. theirs
3 A. Thousands with B. Thousand with C. Thousands of D. Thousand of
4 A. built B. building C. build D. are building
5 A. will B. could C. should D. may
6 A. is B. are C. was D. were
7 A. Large B. Larger C. Largest D. The largest
8 A. from B. by C. of D. with
9 A. very B. such C. much D. too
10 A. a B. an C. the D. /
11 A. came B. come C. comes D. are coming
12 A. What B. How C. Which D. Who
13 A. so B. if C. but D. because
14 A. hard B. hardly C. harder D. more hardly
15 A. somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. nobody
二、 完形填空（10分）（2018年2中8年级期中考试题）
I sat with my friend in a well-known coffee shop in Italy.
As we enjoyed our coffee, a man entered and ___16___ beside us. He called the waiter and placed his ___17___ saying, “Two cups of coffee, and put one of them there on the wall.”
We ___18___ this order with great interest. We saw him drink one cup of coffee but he paid for two. When he left, the waiter put a piece of paper on the ___19___ saying “A Cup of Coffee”.
Then two other men entered and ordered ___20___ cups of coffee, two on the table and one on the wall. They had two cups of coffee, but paid for three and left. The waiter did the ___21___.
After a few days, we went to this coffee shop again. A man ___22___ dressed entered. As he sat down, he looked at the wall and said, “One cup of coffee from the wall.”
The waiter ___23___ coffee to this man. The man had his coffee and left without paying. Then the waiter wasn’t ___24___. He took off a piece of paper from the wall instead.
Now it was very clear. What a truly ___25___ thought! Probably it is the most beautiful wall!
16. A. ate B. played C. sat D. stand
17. A. hat B. order C. coffee D. food
18. A. said B. asked C. smelt D. heard
19. A. wall B. table C. floor D. chair
20. A. two B. three C. four D. one
21. A. different B. special C. common D. same
22. A. richly B. poorly C. nicely D. beautifully
23. A. bought B. sold C. gave D. made
24. A. unhappy B. relaxed C. interested D. happy
25. A. bad B. terrible C. beautiful D. worried
三、 阅读理解（共4篇每题2分，共40分）
A
Stephen Hawking, a world famous British physicist, died on March 14, 2018. Many people around the world felt so sad about his death. Hawking once wrote a children’s book with his daughter when he was alive. Hawking said the book would be "a bit like Harry Potter" but without the magic. "It explains the wonders of the universe(宇宙)," said Hawking, while he was on a visit to Hong Kong.
Hawking is probably the world’s most famous scientist after Albert Einstein. He is an expert on black holes. He has put his whole life into digging into the beginning (and the end) of the universe. "My goal is simple," Hawking once said. "It is to completely understand the universe, why it is as it is and why it is there at all."
Hawking had a bad illness that stopped him from moving or talking. For a period of time, he had no way to communicate except by blinking(眨眼).
He sat on a wheelchair with a computer by his side. To communicate, he moved two fingers to control the computer’s mouse. He selected his words from the screen, which are then spoken by a voice synthesizer(音响合成器).I have had the disease for most of my life," Hawking once said. "yet it has not stopped me from being successful at my work."
Although Hawking was such a disabled man, he made great achievements. He received many awards and prizes for his work over the years. This includes winning the Albert Einstein Award. It is the highest achievement in theoretical physics(理论物理).
26．What is the book that Stephen Hawking wrote like
A．It’s the same as Harry Potter B．It is quite different from Harry Potter.
C．It is about the magic D．It is about science
27．What can we learn from the passage
A．Hawking is more famous than Einstein. B．Hawking is less famous than Einstein.
C．Both Hawking and Einstein are very famous. D．Neither Hawking nor Einstein is famous.
28．What does the underlined word "It" stand for in paragraph2
A．The goal. B．The magic. C．The universe. D．The book.
29．According to the text, which of the following is TURE
A．Hawking has received many awards and prices except the Albert Einstein Award.
B．The illness keeps him from moving and talking.
C．He communicates with others by speaking.
D．The illness stopped him from being successful.
30．What is the best title for the text
A．Stephen Hawking B．A Famous Book C．Live as Hawking Does D．A Clever Man
B
Pliny the Elder (老普林尼) wrote the first encyclopaedia with the help of his nephew. This work was made up of 37 books and had many subjects such as anthropology(人类学) and painting. Through the following few centuries, encyclopaedias were connected to religion (宗教). The first Christian edition appeared in 560 AD, and the first Muslim volume came to light soon after.
One of the longest encyclopaedias ever was produced in 1403 when The Yongle Encyclopaedia《永乐大典》appeared in China. It had 11,095 volumes. Most of the original work has been lost .through the centuries, and people can see less than 400 volumes today. The word "encyclopaedia" coming from Greek means "a general knowledge". It has been .in use for at least 500 years.
In the 20th century, the Encyclopaedia Britannica became the most well known western work of this type. At the same time, topical encyclopaedias became the most popular, covering different topics. At the end of the century, many publishers began to publish them in digital formats such as Compact Discs (CDs) and Digital Versatile Discs (DVDs).
31. How many books did the first encyclopaedia have
A. Thirty-seven. B. Twenty-seven. C. Thirty-eight. D. Seventeen.
32. When did The first Christian edition appear
A. In 37 AD. B. In 560 AD. C. Before 37 AD. D. Before 560 AD.
33. Where was the word "encyclopaedia" from
A. Chinese. B. English. C. German. D. Greek.
34. Which of the encyclopaedias began to be the most popular in the 20th century
A. The Yongle Encyclopaedia.
B. Topical encyclopaedias.
C. The Encyclopaedia Britannica.
D. The first Christian edition.
35. The passage is about_______.
A. the history of encyclopaedias B. the kinds of encyclopaedias
C. one of the longest encyclopaedias D. the most popular encyclopaedia
C
Almost all animals need to sleep to stay healthy. But sleeping can also be dangerous because other animals may hurt those who are sleeping. This leads to many different ways of sleeping that help them stay safe. Some of these ways may surprise you!
Almost all bats sleep upside down. They hang from a branch of a tree or the ceiling of a cave. Up high, bats are safe from most other animals. If they are in danger, they just fly away.
A dolphin sleeps with just half its brain at a time. It must stay awake to breathe and to watch for danger. Dolphin mothers and babies can go without sleep for as long as two months to stay safe.
Some ducks sleep with just half their brains, too. These ducks often sleep in a line. The ducks at both ends help to keep the group safe. They keep one eye open to watch for danger. The ducks in the middle sleep deeply with both eyes closed.
Seals breathe air, but that doesn’t stop some of them from sleeping underwater. They hold their breath and dive deep to sleep for up to twenty minutes at a time. Sleeping deep underwater helps these seals stay safe from animals that hunt them near the surface.
Horses often sleep standing up. Their legs lock in place so they don’t fall over. If a horse is lying down, it needs a long time to get up. A horse can run from danger more quickly if it is already standing.
A flamingo can sleep while standing on one leg. The standing leg locks so it stays straight. The other leg remains close to the flamingo’s body. Its head rests on its back. A flamingo lives (and sleeps) near many other birds to stay safe.
Some seabirds can sleep while they fly. These large birds spend most of their lives over the ocean. They are in danger on the water, but they are safe in the air. They fly for many hours without flapping（拍打）their wings. Sometimes they sleep while they are flying.
Would you like to sleep how they sleep
36.The underlined word “hang” in paragraph 2 means “________”in Chinese.
A.暂停 B 平躺 C 站立 D悬挂
37．The animals that sleep with half their brains are _______.
A．ducks and seals B．dolphins and ducks
C．bats and dolphins D．flamingos and seabirds
38．Horses often stand up when they sleep because _______.
A．they can run from danger quickly B．they are afraid of falling over
C．this helps them to sleep deeply D．it takes them a long time to go to sleep
39.Which of the following is true according to the passage
A. All the ducks sleep with one eye open.
B. Dolphin babies can keep sleeping for two months.
C. For seals, sleeping deep underwater is safer than on the land.
D. Flamingos like to sleep alone with one leg standing.
40．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．How animals sleep B．Sleep to stay healthy
C．Sleep as animals do D．What sleeping animals are like
D
The Mid-Autumn Festival has a history of 2,000 years. During these 2,000 years lots of Mid-Autumn traditions have been thought up by Chinese people. All the celebrations show the happiness and excitement of people.
The main celebrations during the Mid-Autumn Festival are appreciating the moon, eating moon cakes together and making Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival lanterns. These three celebrations have been passed from generation to generation. Chinese people may think the Mid-Autumn Festival is not coming if they don't do these three things.
In some places in China people celebrate the festival in different ways. In Chaozhou, Guangdong Province, people eat taro(芋头) to celebrate the festival, because the taro harvest occurs at the same time as the festival. They eat taro and hope the harvest is good in the next year. In Nanjing, people cook duck with sweet-scented osmanthus (桂花) , because Nanjing people think sweet-scented osmanthus is a symbol of peace. In some places people make fires inside towers to celebrate the festival, because they think the fire is a symbol of good business.
In the literary history of China, many poets penned praise to the pure moon of mid-autumn night and gave words to their delicate feelings. The following is one of the best of those poems.
Thoughts in the Silent Night
-Li Bai
The moonlight is shining through the window,
And it makes me wonder if it is the frost on the ground,
Looking up to see the moon,
Looking down I miss so much about my hometown.
Li Bai used his lines to express his homesickness at the Moon Festival.
41.All the celebrations of the Mid-Autumn Festival show ______ .
A. the happiness of people B. the differences of people
C. the importance of the Festival D. the happiness and excitement of people
42.How many main kinds of celebrations are mentioned
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
43.Why do people make fires inside towers to celebrate the festival in some places
A. Because they think the fire is a symbol of peace.
B. Because they think the fire is a symbol of good business.
C. Because they hope the harvest is good in the next year.
D. Because they hope they will be healthier in the next year.
44.What does the underlined word "frost" mean in Chinese
A．霜 B．雾 C．影 D．光
45.What did Li Bai do to express his homesickness at the Moon Festival
A.A story of Moon. B.A poem named Thoughts in the Silent Night.
C.A song called Thoughts in the Silent Night. D.A joke.
第二节、阅读填空（5分）
Everyone needs to sleep. This is a fact of life that everyone has to deal with. Our body has to have time to recover the energy that we used throughout the day. 46 __________. However, according to a study, about 38% of Chinese people are not getting enough sleep. Many studies have shown that if one doesn’t sleep well, he or she will feel tired and think slowly. 47 __________. As a result, many of us are so busy that we want to sleep as little as possible. But have you ever noticed that when you are very tired, you have difficulty thinking about things solving problems This is because your body is not only thing that is tired, 48 __________.
To enjoy to the full, let’s work together to make a change.49 __________. The World Sleep Day is held annually（每年地）on the Friday of the second full work of March. 50 __________.
Please remember to join us then!
Your mind is tired, too.We can encourage more people to pay attention to the importance of enough sleep by celebrating the World Sleep Day.It seems that there’s always too much work for us.This is what is happening when we are sleeping.This year the World Sleep Day is on 13 March.
第2卷 非选择题（共30分）
第一节、短文填空（５分）
Leonardo da Vinci was 1.b__________ in the 2 c___________ in 1452. When he was young, he showed great intelligence and artistic 3 a___________. His painting Mona Lisa is 4.p__________ the most famous painting all over the world. He was also an inventor and had many 5 i____________.
第二节、完成句子（１０分）
１.他昨天不得不在字典里查阅这个单词。
He ______ ______ ______ ______ the word
２. 我过去常常和我外婆一块去散步。
I used to ______ ______ ______ _______with my grandma.
３. 这条裙子是我妈妈缝制的。
The dress _______ _______ _______ my mum.
４.今天你们会听到某个名人的故事。
Today you will hear a story of ________ ______.
５.我会尽力搞清楚怎么用这台机器。
I’ll try my best to ________ ______ _____ _______ use this machine.
三、书面表达(15分)
假如你们班正在举行英语读书节活动，你准备向同学们介绍《百科全书》。请你根据以下内容提示，完成你的发言稿。
内容提示：
1. 《百科全书》是记录人类一切知识的工具书；
2. 东方国家和西方国家都有自己的《百科全书》；
3.人们可以在网络上查阅有关《百科全书》的信息;
4.补充1-2点你对百科全书的看法。
要求:80词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 可适当各挥。
参考词汇:record记录reference book工具书
Dear classmates,
I am going to introduce the Encyclopaedia to you.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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