人教新目标(Go for it)版八年级下Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks. Section A (Grammar Focus－4c) 课件（22

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Unit 2　I'll help to clean up the city parks
Section A Grammar Focus－4c
情景导入
complete the sentences
Mario and Mary ______ ____ several hours each week ____ _____ others.Mario wants ____ ____ an animal doctor.He volunteers at an animal hospital.He wants ____ _____ more about how to care for animals.
Can you tell something about Mario to us
give
up
to
help
to
be
to
learn
生成新知
Grammar Focus
I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.
She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school.
动词不定式
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，在句中不能作谓语，没有人称和数的变化。
基本形式：to＋动词原形，有时to可以省略；否定形式：not + 动词不定式。
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此可以在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。
动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin, want, remember, agree, learn, like, decide, fail, pretend, demand, refuse等。
例如：
I want to tell you a story.
They begin to work at eight every morning.
Don’t forget to lock the door.
Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow
作宾语
动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作，可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：tell, ask, want, like, invite, encourage, help等。
如：
The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning.
The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games.
Please let me help you.
作宾语补足语
但在let, make, see, watch, hear, feel, notice, have等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词, 其不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号“to”，可以归纳为以下三种句式：
1.不可以省略to的不定式作宾语补足语:tell /ask / want / would like / wish /suppose / invite /encourage /teach/ depend on等 + sb.+ to do sth.
例如：
The teacher told us to come earlier.
Tom invited me to his birthday party.
Her parents wish her to be a teacher.
2.省“to”的不定式作宾语补足语：let / make / have + sb. +do sth.
例如：
Let the girl leave here now.
The boy made the baby cry.
see / watch / hear / notice / feel +sb.+do sth.
例如：
I saw the students play basketball on the playground yesterday.
I often hear the girl sing in the next room.
3.可省可不省的: help sb. （to）do sth.
例如：
I often help my mother (to) do housework.
作状语
例如：
He stopped to have a rest.
The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.
（1）作目的状语。强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用in order to或so as to +动词原形，so as to不用于句首。
（3）在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后作原因状语。
例如：
I’m proud to have taken part in the competitions ...
I’m happy to have found many things I can do.
（2）作结果状语。
例如：
He woke up only to find everybody gone.
His grandma lived to see the liberation of China.
He is old enough to go to school.
（1）动词不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not.
如：Tell them not to play football in the street.
（2）省略to的动词不定式的否定式是直接在动词前面加not. 如：Let the boy not go.
动词不定式的否定形式：
4a
I want to _______ my plan to work in an animal
hospital until next summer. I’m too busy with my studies this year.
2. She hopes to ________ at least five primary schools
to ask if they need volunteers for their after-school
programs.
put up hand out call up cheer up
come up with give out put off
put off
call up
Fill in the blanks with phrasal verbs in the box.
3. Our class is trying to ______________ some ideas to
__________ sick children because they are often sad.
4. We decided to _________ signs around the school and
__________ notices to tell students about the book sale.
We will _________ the money from the sale to homeless
people.
come up with
cheer up
put up
hand out
give out
put up hand out call up cheer up
come up with give out put off
4b
help move do make visit spend
Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs _________ lots of money. In their free time, they think about what _______ for fun. However, few people think about what they can do ________ others. There are many people who are less lucky than us.
to do
to help
to make
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way __________ our free time. For example, we can make plans _________ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year __________ to another place, like one of the countries in Africa, and help people there.
to spend
to visit
to move
help move do make visit spend
4c
Complete the sentences with your own ideas. Use infinitives.
I’d like to volunteer ____________________________________.
At 12:00 a.m., I called my friend _______________________________________.
at the food bank to help the poor
to play basketball at the playground
3. I’m very busy but I could help
____________________________________.
4. Summer vacation is coming, and I want
____________________________________.
5. I want to travel alone, but my parents told
me (not)_____________________________.
to look after my little sister.
to go to the beach with my friends
not to do it alone
问题探究
【知识点拨】
1．sick adj.生病的；有病的
例句：The boy felt sick before the test.考试前他生病了。
辨析：sick与ill
sick 可作定语修饰名词，而ill只能做表语。
例句：The mother cared for the sick girl day and night.妈妈日夜照料着生病的女孩。
Jane was ill yesterday，so she didn't go to school.昨天简生病了，所以她没去上学。
2．raise v. 募集；征集
例句：They sold something to raise money.他们卖掉一些东西来募集钱。
3．alone adj. adv.独自；单独
例句：I don't like to go out alone at night.我不喜欢晚上独自一人外出。
辨析：lonely与alone
lonely 情感上的孤独，寂寞。
alone 独自一人(但不一定感觉寂寞)。
例句：Linda was alone in the house.琳达独自一人呆在房子里。
She lives alone and often feels lonely. 她孑然一身，常感到寂寞。
随堂练习
Ⅰ.根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。
1．Old Henry lives a________ in the countryside.
2．We can make plans to r______ money for homeless people.
3．My father works until m_________ every day.
lone
aise
idnight
1．她决定尝试做一名志愿者。
She decided ______________ for a volunteer.
2．我想帮助无家可归的人。
I'd like _______________ people.
Ⅱ.完成以下句子。
to try out
to help homeless
3．你可以请求医院让你看望那儿的孩子以使他们高兴起来。
You could ask hospitals ________ you ______ the kids and _________________．
4．我正在做一些标语张贴在学校附近。
I'm making some signs to __________ around the school.
to let
visit
cheer them up
put up