2022届高考英语二轮复习之阅读理解练习（含答案）

2022年高考英语二轮复习之阅读理解
一．阅读理解（共30小题）
1．（2021 浙江）Leslie Nielsen's childhood was a difficult one，but he had one particular shining star in his life ﹣ his uncle，who was a well﹣known actor.The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career（职业）in acting.Even though he often felt he would be discovered to be a no﹣talent，he moved forward，gaining a scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse and making his first television appearance a few years later in 1948.However，becoming a full﹣time，successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight years until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him noticed.
But even then，what he had wasn't quite what he wanted.Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles.It wasn't until 1980 ﹣ 32 years into his career ﹣ that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane!That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly.
Did Nielsen then feel content in his career？Yes and no.He was thrilled to be doing the comedy that he always felt he should do，but even during his last few years，he always had a sense of curiosity，wondering what new role or challenge might be just around the corner.He never stopped working，never retired.
Leslie Nielsen's devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring.He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination.He showed us that even a single desire，never given up on，can make for a remarkable life.
（1）Why did Nielsen want to be an actor？　 　
A.He enjoyed watching movies.
B.He was eager to earn money.
C.He wanted to be like his uncle.
D.He felt he was good at acting.
（2）What do we know about Nielsen in the second half of his career？　 　
A.He directed some high quality movies.
B.He avoided taking on new challenges.
C.He focused on playing dramatic roles.
D.He became a successful comedy actor.
（3）What does Nielsen's career story tell us？　 　
A.Art is long，life is short.
B.He who laughs last laughs longest.
C.It's never too late to learn.
D.Where there's a will there's a way.
2．（2021 浙江）If you ever get the impression that your dog can "tell" whether you look content or annoyed，you may be onto something.Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces，according to a new study.
Researchers trained a group of 11 dogs to distinguish between images（图像）of the same person making either a happy or an angry face.During the training stage，each dog was shown only the upper half or the lower half of the person's face.The researchers then tested the dogs' ability to distinguish between human facial expressions by showing them the other half of the person's face or images totally different from the ones used in training.The researchers found that the dogs were able to pick the angry or happy face by touching a picture of it with their noses more often than one would expect by random chance.
The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage. "We can rule out that the dogs simply distinguish between the pictures based on a simple cue，such as the sight of teeth，" said study author Corsin Muller. "Instead，our results suggest that the successful dogs realized that a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes，and the same rule applies to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes."
"With our study，we think we can now confidently conclude that at least some dogs can distinguish human facial expressions，" Muller told Live Science.
At this point，it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans. "To us，the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans，which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions，" and this exposure has provided them with many chances to learn to distinguish between them，Muller said.
（1）The new study focused on whether dogs can　 　.
A.distinguish shapes
B.make sense of human faces
C.feel happy or angry
D.communicate with each other
（2）What can we learn about the study from paragraph 2？　 　
A.Researchers tested the dogs in random order.
B.Diverse methods were adopted during training.
C.Pictures used in the two stages were different.
D.The dogs were photographed before the test.
（3）What is the last paragraph mainly about？　 　
A.A suggestion for future studies.
B.A possible reason for the study findings.
C.A major limitation of the study.
D.An explanation of the research method.
3．（2021 浙江）We live in a town with three beaches.There are two parks less than 10 minutes' walk from home where neighbourhood children gather to play.However，what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen ﹣ any screen ﹣ and stare at it for hours.They are not alone.Today's children spend an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens，split between watching television and using the Internet.
In the past few years，an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend.A couple of years ago，film﹣maker David Bond realised that his children，then aged five and three，were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say "chocolate" into his three﹣year﹣old son's ear without getting a response.He realised that something needed to change，and，being a London media type，appointed himself "marketing director for Nature".He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people.The result was Project Wild Thing，a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.
"Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference，" David Bond says. "There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven，then being outdoors will be a habit for life." His own children have got into the habit of playing outside now："We just send them out into the garden and tell them not to come back in for a while."
Summer is upon us.There is an amazing world out there，and it needs our children as much as they need it.Let us get them out and let them play.
（1）What is the problem with the author's children？　 　
A.They often annoy the neighbours.
B.They are tired of doing their homework.
C.They have no friends to play with.
D.They stay in front of screens for too long.
（2）How did David Bond advocate his idea？　 　
A.By making a documentary film.
B.By organizing outdoor activities.
C.By advertising in London media.
D.By creating a network of friends.
（3）Which of the following can replace the underlined word "charts" in paragraph 2？　 　
A.records
B.predicts
C.delays
D.confirms
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？　 　
A.Let Children Have Fun
B.Young Children Need More Free Time
C.Market Nature to Children
D.David Bond：A Role Model for Children
4．（2021 甲卷）Who is a genius？This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state clearly：Einstein was a genius.His face is almost the international symbol for genius.But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself.Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us？And who are they？
In the sciences and arts，those praised as geniuses were most often white men，of European origin.Perhaps this is not a surprise.It's said that history is written by the victors，and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club.When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club﹣women，or people of a different color or belief﹣they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six，girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender（性别）are "really，really smart." Even worse，the study found that girls act on that belief Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are "really，really smart." Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up？It doesn't take a genius to know the answer：absolutely not.
Here's the good news.In a wired world with constant global communication，we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.And the more we look，the more we will see that social factors（因素）like gender，race，and class do not determine the appearance of genius.As a writer says，future geniuses come from those with "intelligence，creativity，perseverance（毅力），and simple good fortune，who are able to change the world."
（1）What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club？　 　
A.They're unfair.
B.They're conservative.
C.They're objective.
D.They're strict.
（2）What can we infer about girls from the study in Science？　 　
A.They think themselves smart.
B.They look up to great thinkers.
C.They see gender differences earlier than boys.
D.They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs
（3）Why are more geniuses known to the public？　 　
A.Improved global communication.
B.Less discrimination against women.
C.Acceptance of victors' concepts.
D.Changes in people's social positions.
（4）What is the best title for the text？　 　
A.Geniuses Think Alike
B.Genius Takes Many Forms
C.Genius and Intelligence
D.Genius and Luck
5．（2021 甲卷）When I was 9，we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow，London on a gray January morning.Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me.Without my beloved beaches and endless blue﹣sky days，I felt at a loss and out of place.Until I made a discovery.
Southbank，at an eastern bend in the Thames，is the center of British skateboarding，where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it.I soon made friends with the local skaters.We spoke our own language.And my favorite：Safe.Safe meant cool.It meant hello.It meant don't worry about it.Once，when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆），I fell onto the stones，damaging a nerve in my hand，and Toby came over，helping me up：Safe，man.Safe.A few minutes later，when I landed the trick，my friends beat their boards loud，shouting： "Safe!Safe!Safe!" And that's what mattered﹣landing tricks，being a good skater.
When I was 15，my family moved to Washington.I tried skateboarding there，but the locals were far less welcoming.Within a couple of years，I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004，I found myself wandering down to Southbank，spending hours there.I've traveled back several times since，most recently this past spring.The day was cold but clear：tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters.Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who rushed by on their boards，I found my way to the beam.Then a rail﹣thin teenager，in a baggy white T﹣shirt，skidded（滑）up to the beam.He sat next to me.He seemed not to notice the man next to him.But soon I caught a few of his glances. "I was a local here 20 years ago，" I told him.Then，slowly，he began to nod his head. "Safe，man.Safe."
"Yeah，" I said. "Safe."
（1）What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London？　 　
A.He felt disappointed.
B.He gave up his hobby.
C.He liked the weather there.
D.He had disagreements with his family.
（2）What do the underlined words "Safe!Safe!Safe!" probably mean？　 　
A.Be careful!
B.Well done!
C.No way!
D.Don't worry!
（3）Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London？　 　
A.To join the skateboarding.
B.To make new friends.
C.To learn more tricks.
D.To relive his childhood days
（4）What message does the author seem to convey in the text？　 　
A.Children should learn a second language.
B.Sport is necessary for children's health.
C.Children need a sense of belonging
D.Seeing the world is a must for children.
6．（2021 新高考Ⅰ）By day，Robert Titterton is a lawyer.In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova ﹣not as a musician but as her page turner. "I'm not a trained musician，but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance."
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group's official page turner for the past four years.His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves.He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
"A lot of skills are needed for the job.You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot." Mr Titterton explained.Being a page turner requires plenty of practice.Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns，including back turns for repeat passages.Silent onstage communication is key，and each pianist has their own style of "nodding" to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances，there are moments when things go wrong. "I was turning the page to get ready for the next page，but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand，" Mr Titterton said， "Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back."
Most page turners are piano students or up﹣and﹣coming concert pianists，although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
"My husband is the worst page turner，" she laughed. "He's interested in the music，feeling every note，and I have to say：'Turn，turn!' Robert is the best page turner I've had in my entire life."
（1）What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner？　 　
A.Read music.
B.Play the piano.
C.Sing songs.
D.Fix the instruments.
（2）Which of the following best describes Titterton's job on stage？　 　
A.Boring.
B.Well﹣paid.
C.Demanding.
D.Dangerous.
（3）What does Titterton need to practise？　 　
A.Counting the pages.
B.Recognizing the "nodding".
C.Catching falling objects.
D.Performing in his own style.
（4）Why is Ms Raspopova's husband "the worse page turner"？　 　
A.He has very poor eyesight.
B.He ignores the audience.
C.He has no interest in music.
D.He forgets to do his job.
7．（2021 乙卷）During an interview for one of my books，my interviewer said something I still think about often.Annoyed by the level of distraction（干扰）in his open office，he said，"That's why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street ﹣ so I can focus." His comment struck me as strange.After all，coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout（布局）.But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.
The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking.They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background，from total silence to 50 decibels（分贝），70 decibels，and 85 decibels.The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant；however，the participants in the 70 decibels group ﹣ those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop ﹣ significantly outperformed the other groups.Since the effects were small，this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant，the study also suggests that the right level of background noise ﹣ not too loud and not total silence ﹣ may actually improve one's creative thinking ability.The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander，without making it impossible to focus.This kind of "distracted focus" appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.
So why do so many of us hate our open offices？The problem may be that，in our offices，we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus.Indeed，the researchers found that face﹣to﹣face interactions and conversations affect the creative process，and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
（1）Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space？　 　
A.It helps him concentrate.
B.It blocks out background noise.
C.It has a pleasant atmosphere.
D.It encourages face﹣to﹣face interactions.
（2）Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability？　 　
A.Total silence.
B.50 decibels.
C.70 decibels.
D.85 decibels.
（3）What makes an open office unwelcome to many people？　 　
A.Personal privacy unprotected.
B.Limited working space.
C.Restrictions on group discussion.
D.Constant interruptions.
（4）What can we infer about the author from the text？　 　
A.He's a news reporter.
B.He's an office manager.
C.He's a professional designer.
D.He's a published writer.
8．（2021 新高考Ⅰ）Rome can be pricey for travelers，which is why many choose to stay in a hostel（旅社）.The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around ＄25 a night，and for that，you'll often get to stay in a central location （位置）with security and comfort.
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome，it would be Yellow Hostel.It's one of the best﹣rated hostels in the city，and for good reason.It's affordable，and it's got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy.As an added bonus，it's close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
If you love social hostels，this is the best hostel for you in Rome.Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun.Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots，bar crawls and karaoke.There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you're looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel，look no further than Youth Station.It offers beautiful furnishings and beds.There are plenty of other benefits，too；it doesn't charge city tax；it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms；it also has free Wi﹣Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10﹣minute walk from the central city station and it's close to all of the city's main attractions.The staff is friendly and helpful，providing you with a map of the city when you arrive，and offering advice if you require some.However，you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi﹣Fi.
（1）What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel？　 　
A.Comfort.
B.Security.
C.Price.
D.Location.
（2）Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life？　 　
A.Yellow Hostel.
B.Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C.Youth Station Hostel.
D.Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
（3）What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes？　 　
A.It gets noisy at night.
B.Its staff is too talkative.
C.It charges for Wi﹣Fi.
D.It's inconveniently located.
9．（2021 新高考Ⅰ）Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional （情感的）intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test， such as character，motivation， confidence， mental stability， optimism and "people skills." Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities， but most of them move far beyond skill﹣based emotional intelligence.
We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients， while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.
Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support， the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis （重视） on emotion by employers，educators and others interested in promoting social well﹣being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re﹣evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.
Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable， we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades，advances in science will offer new perspectives（视角）from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence， with its focus on both head and heart，may serve to point us in the right direction.
（1）What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence？　 　
A. It can be measured by an IQ test.
B. It helps to exercise a person's mind.
C. It includes a set of emotional skills.
D. It refers to a person's positive qualities.
（2）Why does the author mention "doctor" and "cheater" in paragraph 2？　 　
A. To explain a rule.
B. To clarify a concept.
C. To present a fact.
D. To make a prediction.
（3）What is the author's attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence？　 　
A. Favorable.
B. Intolerant.
C. Doubtful.
D. Unclear.
（4）What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence？　 　
A. Its appeal to the public.
B. Expectations for future studies.
C. Its practical application.
D. Scientists with new perspectives.
10．（2021 天津）I've always been creative since I was a little girl. My childhood was filled with arts，crafts （手工） and music， and every day was an exciting adventure of creation.
Somewhere along the way， however， I lost touch with my creative self. At 21， I landed a job at a big insurance company out of my business degree. I would go to the office， sit at my desk and repeat the same work five days a week 9 to 5. The days were long and tedious. Working this way for one year was painful enough， let alone a lifetime. Before long I decided to make a change.
One thing I had developed an interest in was sewing，so I took a sewing course at a community college. It was only a five﹣week course but it awakened my interest and got my confidence up.
As I dreamt bigger， I began looking into college courses for Fashion Design and three months later I signed up for a part﹣time design course. I attended classes two nights a week.Although exhausting， it gave me energy， enthusiasm and happiness.
As it became clearer that fashion was what I wanted to do full time， the reality of my day﹣to﹣day work at the insurance company became harder. I felt bored. No energy，no motivation and zero fulfilment（满足感）.
I knew I needed to make a bigger change. After struggling for quite a while，I made a difficult decision﹣leaving my job and studying my design course full time. Two years later I got my diploma.
The last few years have been exciting because I've been following my heart to do what I love. Today I am living a creative life as the designer of my own fashion brand.
Sometimes it's hard to make a change，but I'm so glad I set the wheels of change in motion with that very small first step because it has led me to where I am today.
（1）What was the author interested in when she was a little girl？（no more than 10 words）　 　
（2）What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 mean？ （1 word）　 　
（3）How did the author feel when she was taking the part﹣time design course？（no more than 10 words）　 　
（4）What did the author do to get back to her creative life？Give two of the facts.（no more than 15 words）　 　
（5）Do you consider the author as your role model？ Please explain. （no more than 20 words）　 　
11．（2021 浙江）Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees （黑猩猩） use to communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a "vocabulary" of 66 gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda， and examining more than 5，000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges.
Dr Catherine Hobaiter， who led the research， said that this was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps， she said， had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.
"That's what's so amazing about chimp gestures，" she said. "They're the only thing that looks like human language in that respect. "
Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animal's call， the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls and gestures， Dr Hobaiter said.
Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case， a mother presents her foot to her crying baby，signaling："Climb on me. " The youngster immediately jumps on to its mothers back and they travel off together. "The big message from this study is that there is another species（物种）out there. that is meaningful in its communication，so that's not unique to humans，" said Dr Hobaiter.
Dr Susanne Shultz，an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester，said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But，she added，the results were "a little disappointing".
"The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate，or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions，" she said. "Moreover，the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animal convey with non﹣verbal communication. So，it seems the gulf remains. "
（1）What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter？　 　
A. Memorizing specific words.
B. Understanding complex information.
C. Using voices to communicate.
D. Communicating messages on purpose.
（2）What did Dr Shultz think of the study？　 　
A. It was well designed but poorly conducted.
B. It was a good try but the findings were limited.
C. It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.
D. It was a failure but the methods deserved praise.
（3）What does the underlined word "gulf" in the last paragraph mean？　 　
A. Difference.
B. Conflict.
C. Balance.
D. Connection.
（4）Which of the following is the best title for the text？　 　
A. Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthrough
B. Chimpanzees developed specific communication skills
C. Chimpanzees： the smartest species in the animal kingdom
D. Chimpanzee language： communication gestures translated
12．（2021 浙江）More than 25 years ago， Saroo Brierley lived in rural（农村）India. One day， he played with his brother along the rail line and fell asleep. When he woke up and found himself alone， the 4﹣year﹣old decided his brother might be on the train he saw in front of him﹣so he got on.
That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city. He lived on the streets，and then in an orphanage（孤儿院）. There，he was adopted by an Australian family and flown to Tasmania.
As he writes in his new book， A Long Way Home， Brierley couldn't help but wonder about his hometown back in India. He remembered landmarks， but since he didn't know his town's name， finding a small neighborhood in a vast country proved to be impossible.
Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program's satellite pictures. In 2011， he came across something familiar. He studied it and realized he was looking at a town's central business district from a bird's﹣eye view. He thought，"On the right﹣hand side you should see the three﹣platform train station"﹣and there it was. "And on the left﹣hand side you should see a big fountain"﹣and there it was. Everything just started to match.
When he stood in front of the house where he grew up as a child，he saw a lady standing in the entrance. "There's something about me，" he thought﹣and it took him a few seconds but he finally remembered what she used to look like.
In an interview Brierley says，"My mother looked so much shorter than I remembered. But she came forth and walked forward， and I walked forward， and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain， you know， it was like a nuclear fusion（核聚变）. I just didn't know what to say， because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am， standing in front of her. "
（1）Why was Brierley separated from his family about 25 years ago？　 　
A. He got on a train by mistake.
B. He got lost while playing in the street.
C. He was taken away by a foreigner.
D. He was adopted by an Australian family.
（2）How did Brierley find his hometown？　 　
A. By analyzing old pictures.
B. By travelling all around India.
C. By studying digital maps.
D. By spreading his story via his book.
（3）What does Brierley mainly talk about in the interview？　 　
A. His love for his mother.
B. His reunion with his mother.
C. His long way back home.
D. His memory of his hometown.
13．（2021 延庆区一模）While many people aren't getting enough calcium，new research cautions that some people may have the opposite problem：They could be getting too much.Americans spend more than﹩1 billion a year on calcium supplements in hopes of delaying osteoporosis，the brittle bone disease that cripples many elderly women and some men.Yet recent studies link calcium supplements to a higher risk of heart attacks.Last month，the U.S.Preventive Services Task Force issued a draft recommendation against taking calcium and vitamin D，saying there wasn't enough evidence of benefit to justify the risk.
For generations of Americans who grew up encouraged to drink milk to maintain strong bones，the reports raised troubling questions：Is calcium not so important after all？Are the supplements unsafe？And how much is too much？ "It's gotten very confusing but it doesn't need to be，" says Ethel Siris，director of the Toni Stabile Osteoporosis Center in New York.How much calcium people need varies by age and gender. "Adults generally need 1，000 mg daily，rising to 1，200 mg for women over 50 and men over 70，according to guidelines issued in 2010.Children need 1，300 mg daily during the peak growing years of 9 to 18."
People also need sufficient levels of vitamin D to absorb the calcium.The IOM recommends 600 international units a day for most adults，and 800 daily after age 70，although many physicians recommend more.It is difficult to take in that much vitamin D from food sources，so experts say many people should take vitamin D in supplement form.
Getting adequate calcium from food is easier.For example，8 ounces of milk or 6 ounces of yogurt has 300 mg of calcium，and one cup of spinach has 270 mg.
But studies linking calcium supplements to heart attack have made experts more cautious of excess calcium than before.A study of 24，000 Germans published in the journal Heart last month，found that those who got their calcium exclusively from supplements were more than twice as likely to have a heart attack as those who took no supplements.
Exactly how calcium supplements might contribute to heart attacks baffles cardiologists. "Nobody has associated the calcium in your bloodstream with calcification in your arteries，" says Nieca Goldberg，medical director of the Joan H.Tisch Center.Still，she says she now urges patients get their recommended calcium from food than from supplements to avoid possible problems.
Osteoporosis experts also urge patients not to take more than the recommended amount of calcium. "People should definitely stop taking two big calcium supplements a day，" says Dr.Dawson﹣Hughes.Even if the risks remain unclear，taking more than the body can absorb doesn't benefit bones，"so it's not worth any risk." She adds.
（1）According to the new studies，taking much calcium might 　 　.
A.delay aging
B.build muscles
C.cause heart problems
D.cure bone diseases
（2）What is Ethel Siris' opinion on taking calcium supplements？ 　 　
A.Taking calcium supplements is unsafe.
B.Adults need more calcium than children.
C.Age and gender determine taking calcium.
D.It is much safer to take calcium from food.
（3）What does the underlined word "baffle" in Paragraph 6 mean？ 　 　
A.Interest.
B.Puzzle.
C.Amaze.
D.Frighten.
（4）What can we learn from the passage？ 　 　
A.It is helpful to take two calcium supplements a day.
B.It is important to maintain strong bones for women.
C.It is unnecessary to take too much calcium supplement.
D.It is best to take calcium and vitamin D from supplement.
14．（2021 延庆区一模）Neurotech—new，potentially revolutionary technology—promises to transform our lives.With all the global challenges of today，we need revolutionary technology to help the world cope.
There are different types of neurotech—some is invasive，some isn't.Invasive brain﹣computer interfaces involve placing microelectrodes or other kinds of neurotech materials directly onto the brain or even embedding them into the neural tissue.Such technology has already improved the quality of life and abilities of people with different illnesses or impairments，from epilepsy to Parkinson's Disease to chronic pain.There is also noninvasive neurotech that can be used for similar applications.For example，researchers have developed wearables to infer a person's intended speech or movement.These are already quite impressive，but there is also neurotech that really pushes the envelope.Not only can it sense or read neurodata but it can also modulate—invasively and noninvasively.This research is still in early stages，but it's advancing rapidly.
As neurotech becomes more commonplace，we must consider the risks it might present，the morals around it，and the necessary regulation.We have to anticipate and deal with the implications related to the development and use of this technology.Any neurotech applications should consider potential consequences for the autonomy，privacy，responsibility，consent，integrity and dignity of a person.
What if someone were to face employment discrimination because the algorithms（算法）that power a neurotech application used for hiring misinterpret his or her neurodata？What if a criminal gets a hold of the previous or current neurodata of the secretary of defense and steals top secret information？Concerns increase when we are not just monitoring someone's neurodata but also interpreting it，decoding the person's thoughts—with implications for accuracy and mental privacy.
One tricky aspect is that most of the neurodata generated by the nervous systems is unconscious.It means it is very possible to unknowingly or unintentionally provide neurotech with information that one otherwise wouldn't.So，in some applications of neurotech，the presumption of privacy within one's own mind may simply no longer be a certainty.
As new，emerging technology，neurotech challenges corporations，researchers and individuals to reaffirm our commitment to responsible innovation，it's essential to enforce guardrails so that they lead to beneficial long﹣term outcomes—on company，national and international levels.We need to ensure that researchers and manufacturers of neurotech as well as policymakers and consumers approach it responsibly.Let's act now to avoid any future risks as neurotech matures—for the benefit of humanity.
（1）The first two paragraphs mainly 　 　.
A.state the quality of neurotech
B.stress the necessity of neurotech
C.compare the functions of neurotech
D.present the technology of neurotech
（2）What can be inferred from the passage？ 　 　
A.Noninvasive neurotech is much better than invasive one.
B.Messages within one's mind can be safer with neurotech.
C.It brings more risks to privacy to have neurodata anyalyzed.
D.Proper rules have already been made to deal with neurodata.
（3）According to the passage，companies，policy makers and consumers should 　 　.
A.interpret all neurodata to improve accuracy
B.use neurotechnology in a responsible way
C.help develop more noninvasive applications
D.avoid neurotech for the benefit of mankind
（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？ 　 　
A.Neurotech Has Long﹣term Benefits
B.Neurotech Meet Moral Challenges
C.Neurotech Transform Human lives
D.Neurotech Become Commonplace
15．（2021 延庆区一模）
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Smart Turn your Jitterbug Smart2 into a personal safety device with GreatCall's 55 tar Urgent Response Service and particular health apps.
Affordable GreatCall has a variety of plans with data starting as low as ﹩17.48 per pared to other cell phone companies，you could save over ﹩300 per year.
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To order or learn more，call 1﹣800﹣410﹣2629 Or visit /Smart
25% off of ﹩149.99 MSRP is only valid（有效的）for new lines of service.Offer valid 11/12/2020 through 1/2/2021.Monthly fees do not include government taxes or assessment surcharges and are subject to change.Plans and services may require purchase of a GreatCall device and a one﹣time setup fee of ﹩35.﹩300 savings calculation based on market leaders' lowest available monthly published fees.JITTERBUG are trademarks of Best Buy and its attached companies. 2020 Best Buy.All rights reserved.
（1）What makes writing emails and texts easy according to the passage？ 　 　
A.The simple menu.
B.The large screen.
C.The single list.
D.The speech input.
（2）When can you get the discount when buying Jitterbug Smart2？ 　 　
A.November 11st，2020.
B.January 10th，2020.
C.January 1st，2021.
D.February 10th，2021.
（3）What is the purpose of this passage？ 　 　
A.To advertise a smartphone.
B.To recommend health apps.
C.To introduce a safety device.
D.To compare wireless networks.
16．（2021 鼓楼区校级模拟）On 30 November，the European Commission（EC）revealed a draft "clean energy" package for the period up to 2030.On the surface，these proposals address some of the issues with existing renewable energy policies.But environmental groups who have been analyzing the proposals say that the government will be impotent and won't solve the serious flaws.
The European Union（EU）gets 65 percent of its renewable energy from biofuels﹣ mainly wood，but it is failing to ensure that the bioenergy comes from sustainable sources and results in less emission than burning fossil fuels.Its policies，in some cases，are leading to deforestation，biodiversity loss and putting more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere than burning coal.
"lt's almost worse than doing nothing." says Sini Erajaa，the bioenergy policy officer for BirdLife Europe &Central Asia，who describes the changes as greenwashing.
For instance，one proposed change is to apply the EU's sustainability criteria to biomass（生物燃料） used in heat and power plants whose output is 20 megawatts or more. "This means，for instance，that electricity and heat from biomass have to produce at least 80 percent fewer greenhouse gas emissions compared to fossil fuels by 2021 and 85 percent less by 2026，" states a memo on the revised renewable energy instruction.
You might think this will ensure that burning biomass does not result in higher greenhouse gas emissions than fossil fuel use，but far from it.That statement is misleading because it does not make clear that the EU's method for calculating emissions assumes burning biomass produces no CO2 at all.The assumption is that these emissions don't have to be counted because the growth of plants take in as much CO2 as is emitted when they are burned.
But because the EU doesn't count these emissions，it is claiming carbon reduction for activities that are sometimes increasing emissions.
For instance，the EU is not just burning small bits of wood waste for energy，which can indeed reduce emissions.Whole trees are being cut down for energy and often in an unsustainable way，say campaigners，who want the EU to abandon its drive to use ever more bioenergy，particularly forest bioenergy. "We are not saying bioenergy has no role to play，" says Erajaa，" But it will have to be smaller."
（1）What does the underlined word "impotent" mean in the first paragraph？ 　 　
A.potential
B.courageous
C.cautious
D powerless
（2）What do the environmental groups imply according to the passage？ 　 　
A.The EC has performed its duty in reducing carbon emission.
B.The government had better do nothing to reduce carbon emission.
C.The "clean energy" policies are harmful to the atmosphere in a sense.
D.The biofuels that EU gets mainly come from sustainable resources.
（3）Why is the revised renewable energy instruction regarded as misleading？ 　 　
A.It assumes plants give out as much CO2 as fossil fuels.
B.The methods for calculating emissions are not reliable.
C.Burning biomass contributes to more CO2 emissions.
D.Plants can cancel out the emissions of burning fuels.
（4）We can infer from the last paragraph that 　 　.
A.protecting trees are more important than bioenergy
B.fallen branches are a good source of clean energy
C.deforestation is，in essence，the side effects of biofuels
D.the drive to use more bioenergy can be continued in a proper way
17．（2021 延庆区一模）My first year living in Los Angeles，I was a birthday﹣party clown.I struggled a lot with my identity because，though I viewed myself as a filmmaker，everyone in my life viewed me as this ridiculous day job.
Once I was told，"Tomorrow you're going to be Batman." Now，keep in mind that at the time I had a giant mustache.I know a clown with a mustache is a huge red flag for parents.But I hadn't wanted to alter my physical appearance for that job，because that would have been me subconsciously admitting I was more of a clown than an artist.
The next day，I went to the party in a huge public park，and I left my car parked far enough away so that the kids couldn't see Batman pulling up in a PT Cruiser.Walking to the party，I started to regret my choice not to shave. "Gosh，this party is not going to go well." Sure enough，once I got close enough for them to actually start making out the features of my face，the entire party broke out in laughter.I was so embarrassed that I wanted to turn around and run back to my Batmobile.But then the laughter kind of changed into cheering and applause.Feeling kind of warm and fuzzy inside，I wondered，"Is this what encouragement and support feel like？It's so new."
Then I decided to make an entrance for these kids.I was still about 20 yards away from the party when I started running.My cape was billowing in the wind，and mustache or not，in that moment，I was Batman.I ran into the party，and the kids were all high﹣fiving me.The dad was saying， "I told you，son.I told you Batman has a mustache." Then he took me over to this huge birthday cake with a frosting Batman drawn on it，and the Batman has a mustache.I just stared at it in disbelief and learnt that instead of just admitting that the cake was messed up，the parents said， "Batman has a mustache.He just shaves it for his movies."
That year，I struggled a lot with my identity；was I a filmmaker，or was I a clown？But that day，at least，there was no doubt in my mind what I was.I may not have been the hero that they ordered，and I certainly was not the hero they expected.But that day，I was the hero that they needed.
（1）Why did "I" keep my mustache？ 　 　
A.I struggled a lot for being a filmmaker.
B.I wanted to be a Batman in a birthday party.
C.I knew that a clown should wear a mustache.
D.I hadn't wanted to change my appearance for the job.
（2）How did "I" enter the party？ 　 　
A.I ran fast.
B.I high﹣fived.
C.I drove the car.
D.I walked slowly.
（3）How did "I" feel at the end of the party？ 　 　
A.satisfied.
B.astonished.
C.disappointed.
D.ashamed.
18．（2021 扬州模拟）On her third Christmas，my daughter Jillian didn't have the energy for opening presents.At 23﹣months，she had been diagnosed with neuroblastoma，an aggressive tumor （肿瘤）.I didn't know how challenging the holidays could become until Jillian died.Being sorrowful became my full﹣time job in the following days.The pain was a wildfire in my chest and nothing could put it out.
A week before the fourth Christmas，Tom and I bought a three﹣foot plant that slightly resembled a Christmas tree.My adult nephew Frankie came along.We were busy decorating the tree and Frankie reached into a Christmas decoration box and pulled out a toy angel with a white gown that my aunt had crafted years before.As he lifted the angel，her hair fell out in one big bunch，just like Jillian's.
We burst into laughter.In between gasps，Frankie looked up with the angel in hand and said， "Hi，Jillian." Tom emerged from the bedroom and saw our tree， "It's small，bald and beautiful!Just like Jilly﹣boo.I like it."
I moved closer to Tom and he put his arm around my shoulder.Looking at the angel，I knew it would help us through the holidays.Like us，it was sad and pitiful，but full of beautiful memories of Jillian.
"Do something new." said a minister who ran a support group I went to.It's as if you must create a new space in your heart to keep it beating，despite the bleeding hole.
Tom and I were eventually able to experience the wonder of a four﹣year﹣old at Christmas.On the one﹣year anniversary of Jillian's death，I discovered I was pregnant.Our second daughter，Cadence，brought us back to joy and hope.Cadence is nine now，and hoping Santa will bring her a dog this year.Eleven years after Jillian's death，Christmas is almost Christmas again.
（1）What does the author say about herself after Jillian's death？ 　 　
A.She went on her life as usual.
B.She was drowned in tears.
C.She decided to start a new life.
D.She quit her full﹣time job.
（2）What can we infer about the toy angel？ 　 　
A.It was a beautiful decoration.
B.It was a gift from Jillian.
C.It was a relief to the author.
D.It was a symbol of strength.
（3）What does the author mean by "Christmas is almost Christmas again"？ 　 　
A.Her family can reunite again.
B.She has been out of sadness.
C.Santa will bring them gifts.
D.She has another daughter.
（4）What can we learn from the passage？ 　 　
A.Mother's love is forever strong.
B.One should depend on himself.
C.Family is everything for people.
D.Life goes on despite misfortunes.
19．（2021 沙坪坝区校级模拟）Most kids are severely sleep deprived，and early school starting times aren't helping.
Across the country，only 17.7 percent of middle and high schools start classes after 8：30 a.m.，contrary to 2014 recommendations from the American Academy of Pediatrics.Instead，the average school start time for middle and high schools around the country is 8：03 a.m.，according to a new analysis from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
The AAP recommends that schools start after 8：30 to help teenagers gel 8.5 to 9.5 hours of sleep a night ﹣﹣﹣ the amount the AAP says is ideal.Currently，less than a third of high school students sleep 8 hours a night，says the CDC analysis.
The analysis uses 2011﹣2012 information from the Department of Education to gather the start times of about 39，700 schools.Alaska has the latest average school start time at 8：33 a.m.，while Louisiana has the earliest at 7：40 a.m.
Sleep﹣deprived teenagers are more likely to suffer from depression，use drugs，get low grades and be overweight.Even though schools often face obstacles when trying to delay school start times due to traffic and scheduling concerns，some have made progress recently.
After Deerfield Academy in Massachusetts delayed school start times in 2008 from 7：55 a.m.to 8：30 a.m.，the private school saw a number of benefits.As the Huffington Post previously reported，the school's 2014 viewbook noted that students earned higher grades；ate more breakfasts，visited the health center far less frequently；and performed better in athletics.Teachers reported that first﹣period discussion classes were uncharacteristically lively from the beginning bell.
Half of parents whose teens attend schools that start before 8：30 would support a later start time，according to a 2014 survey from the University of Michigan C.S.Mott Children's Hospital.
（1）Why are teens not getting enough sleep？ 　 　
A.Because school begins too early.
B.Because parents don't realize the problem.
C.Because the authority don't take actions.
D.Because more health centers are being built.
（2）Which is the latest time to go to bed if school starts at 8：30 a.m.according to the AAP？ 　 　
A.21：30.
B.22：30.
C.23：30.
D.00：30.
（3）Which of the following can be a consequence for students of early school？ 　 　
A.Earning higher grades.
B.Eating more breakfasts.
C.Visiting the health center frequently.
D.Performing lively in first﹣period discussion classes.
（4）How does the author make the writing convincing？ 　 　
A.By sharing experiences.
B.By giving opinions and reasoning.
C.By quoting celebrities.
D.By presenting facts and data.
20．（2021 沙坪坝区校级模拟）Online retailers "put all the math in place to try to show you things that you wouldn't have discovered otherwise，" they say， "But I don't think it compares to the experience of walking into a store and seeing things you wouldn't have seen otherwise."
That's hardly an old﹣fashioned view.One of the myths in retail is that because younger customers are comfortable with digital technologies，they're less interested in shopping in person.In fact，researchers have found that by a wide margin both millennial and the generation born after 1995 prefer brick﹣and﹣mortar shopping to buying online.
Now in the pandemic era，retailers like Target are working on making ordering online and picking up at the store a seamless（无缝的）process.And that could be just the start.Other hybrid （混合的） models will emerge，especially as retailers take delays out of the system，says Kirthi Kalyanam，executive director of the Retail Management Institute at Santa Clara University in California.
Amazon，which already provides free two﹣day delivery to VIP members，now offers one﹣day delivery nationwide for a fee and same﹣day delivery on select items in several cities.Its Amazon Fresh grocery service lets shoppers pick a two﹣ to three﹣hour time slot for delivery.
Stores will increasingly become places to showcase products rather than to stock items，says Mr.Kalyanam.Online retailers will re﹣create their online image in a physical space：Think Apple stores or Lululemon.And consumers will have multiple ways to buy their goods.Stores might not even carry inventory，but promise to deliver your purchase from a nearby warehouse in half an hour.
（1）What's young people's preference in shopping？ 　 　
A.Buying items online.
B.Shopping in real stores.
C.Purchasing digital devices.
D.Doing math while shopping.
（2）According to Kirthi Kalyanam，what is the major disadvantage for retailers like Target？ 　 　
A.The pandemic.
B.Online orders.
C.Delays of delivery.
D.The appearance of hybrid models.
（3）What does the underlined word "inventory" mean？ 　 　
A.Real shops.
B.Items in stock.
C.Online images.
D.Delivery in time.
（4）What can we infer from the text？ 　 　
A.Practice makes perfect.
B.A picture is worth a thousand words.
C.One rock hits two birds.
D.Change is the only constant.
21．（2021 沙坪坝区校级模拟）I was sitting at my kitchen table the other day with a pen，notebook，calculator，and a stack of bills.I was doing my monthly budget.There were bills for electric，water，rent，insurance，the car payment，die phone bill，and the cable bill.Plus money needed to be set aside for food，gas，clothes，and hopefully a little ]eft over to save for those unexpected bills.When I was done，I suddenly thought of the time when I regularly got treasures.
When I was a boy we lived across the road from Camp Caesar.It held week long camps all through the Summer and my Grandma who I lovingly called "Nanny"，worked in its big kitchen.I remember sneaking in there getting a smile，a hug，a kiss，and a hot roll from Nanny.Then she would always dig deep in her pockets and pull out a treasure，a shiny quarter.She would give it to me and I would run down the hill to either get an ice cold can of coke from the pop machine or I would head to the camp's swimming pool where I could buy a warm cup of cherry coke for 15 cents and a tiny 10 cent bag of chips from the concession stand.I took my time because it was always a big decision.It was nice too feeling so rich for a few minutes.
Looking back now I can see that the real treasure wasn't the quarter at all.It was the love with which Nanny gave it to me.I would have still visited her at work every day if I had never gotten a single quarter.It was her smile，hugs，and kisses that were priceless in my heart then and now.The old saying is true，"With your work you can make a living，but it is with your love that you make a life."
（1）What makes the author think of the past time？ 　 　
A.The bill.
B.The car.
C.The kitchen table.
D.The quarter.
（2）What can we learn about the author's Nanny？ 　 　
A.She led a hard life.
B.She spoiled her grandson.
C.She loved her grandson in her special way.
D.She was strict with her grandson's pocket money.
（3）What's the purpose of the last paragraph？ 　 　
A.To start a new topic.
B.To support his previous opinion.
C.To arouse readers' interest.
D.To reveal the theme of the article.
（4）What's the best title of this passage？ 　 　
A.Money is Priceless
B.A Quarter from Nanny
C.The Pressure of Grown﹣ups
D.An Unforgettable Childhood
22．（2021 城厢区校级模拟）There are a lot of feral（野生的）camels in Australia.Although they don't appear to be as destructive as other introduced species because they eat trees and plants that our native Australian animals don't eat，in the last few years the Australian Camel population has been increasing at a fairly alarming rate and becoming a bit of a problem.
We didn't see them that often where we grew up unless we went further into Queensland or South Australia.When we did see them it was always a bit of a thrill for us kids because it was somewhat of a novelty（新奇的事物）.
The suggestion of bringing camels to Australia was first made in 1837，49 years after Europeans arrived in Australia.The importing of camels into Australia began in the mid﹣1800s to open up the desert areas of Central and Western Australia.They were handled and cared for by Muslim cameleers that came from countries like Egypt，Turkey and northern India.The cameleers were called Afghans or "Ghans" even though most of them were not Afghans.The name stuck to a part of the railroad track that links Port Augusta in South Australia to Darwin in the Northern Territory.
By the 1920s there were about 20，000 domesticated（家养的）camels in Australia，but with the arrival of motor and rail transport in the 1930s people no longer needed their camels and a lot of them were abandoned in the bush.
Australian Camels are now exported live to Saudi Arabia，the United Arab Emirates and other countries where disease﹣free camels are considered a delicacy（佳肴）.Australian Camels are also exported to Arab Camel racing stables as breeding stock.The United States also imports them to use in tourist attractions.There are over 40 farms providing rides in Australia now.
（1）What problem with camels in Australia is mentioned？ 　 　
A.They carry disease.
B.They hurt people sometimes.
C.The number of them is growing rapidly.
D.Some native animals are threatened by them.
（2）For what purpose were camels brought to Australia？ 　 　
A.To keep the balance of nature.
B.To develop the desert areas.
C.To satisfy kids' curiosity.
D.To create new jobs.
（3）What led to camels' being deserted in Australia？ 　 　
A.The disappearance of bushes.
B.The spread of a serious disease.
C.The introduction of other animals.
D.The availability of modern vehicles.
（4）What's the last paragraph mainly about？ 　 　
A.The history of Australian Camels.
B.What Australian Camels are used for.
C.The advantages of Australian Camels.
D.Why Australian Camels are popular abroad.
23．（2021 大通县三模）It is better to keep your mouth closed and let people think you are a fool than，to open it and remove all doubt.
﹣Mark Twain
You can have something extremely smart，useful or funny to say，but if you say it at an improper time，you could make yourself look foolish.
Throughout history many famous，noteworthy people have taken Mark Twain's words to heart.These wise people knew when to talk and when to keep silent.Many leaders have to learn when to talk and when to keep silent even when it might be difficult to do so.All leaders must choose their words carefully，picking the right time to speak，so that their words can have the greatest impact.
If you learn to develop this skill of knowing when to hold your tongue，you will also become wise，even if people think you are not.Some people，in fact，will underestimate you because they do not know what you are thinking all the time.This can give you an advantage in many situations.When people underestimate you，they do not focus on you，leaving you to make and perform plans without being noticed.
If you think before you speak，you can also improve your listening skills，which is a very important and useful skill to have.Listening is another key trait（特征）for a leader to have，and it is harder to achieve than many people think.First，you have to be quiet，and then you have to listen attentively，with all your attention on what the person is saying to be a good listener.When you learn to stop and think before you speak and when you learn to become a good listener you will be well on your way to becoming a good leader.By being able to listen to the people that work with you and for you，you will be able to make informed decisions.
（1）The quotation（引言）from Mark Twain functions as 　 　.
A.an example
B.a thread
C.a comparison
D.a model
（2）The author takes the example of many famous，noteworthy people to express that 　 　.
A.influential people are able to express themselves freely
B.many important people didn't take Mark Twain's words seriously
C.leaders should attach great importance to when，how and what to say
D.the public will not understand them if famous，noteworthy people keep silent
（3）According to the passage，what are the advantages of developing the skills of holding your tongue？ 　 　
①You could be underestimated by others.
②People often think highly of you.
③You can polish up listening skills.
④You will improve your relationship with others.
A.①②
B.①③
C.③④
D.②④
（4）Which of the following is the best title？ 　 　
A.He That Talks Much Errs Much
B.Facts Speaks Louder than Words
C.Even Homer Sometimes Nods
D.A Still Tongue Makes a Wise Head
24．（2021 衡阳模拟）Vaccines（疫苗） against COVID﹣19 are about 90 percent effective at blocking coronavirus infections，studies suggest.
Nearly 4，000 health care workers，first responders and firefighters in six states took part in the study led by CDC researchers.From December 14 through March 13，the workers submitted weekly nasal swabs（鼻拭子） for coronavirus testing.Infection rates fell after vaccination. "Our study shows that if you were fully vaccinated，you had 90 percent protection from infection"，says Jeff Burgess.
Other studies carried out in California and Texas also seem to back up the findings，researchers say in separate reports published March 23 in the New England Journal of Medicine.In the Texas report，234 of 8，969 non﹣vaccinated employees at the University of Texas Southwester Medical Center in Dallas tested positive for the coronavirus from December 15 to January 28.That's 2.61 percent，compared with 1.82 percent （112 of 6，144）of employees that had gotten one shot and 0.05 percent （four of 8，121）of fully vaccinated employees.
In the California report，infections among health care workers also fell with increasing vaccination levels.Only seven infections occurred among 4，167 people who were at least 15 days out from getting their second dose of vaccine.The vaccines prevented health care workers in the study from becoming serious ill，says study coauthor Francesca Torriani，a professor at the University of California，San Diego.
But to really stop transmission of the virus，it's important to vaccinate 18﹣ to 30﹣year﹣olds，she says， "Those are the ones who are right now transmitting the disease." Motivating these health people who are less likely to become severely ill in the first place to take the shots could be difficult，Torriani says， "There's not much in it for them，but there is a lot in it for their families，so I'm hoping that realization will push them toward getting vaccinated."
Because some vaccinated people can still get infected，the CDC recommends that people who have gotten their shots continue to wear masks in public to avoid spreading the virus.
（1）Which of the following is true of the study led by CDC researchers？ 　 　
A.All participants in the study were medical workers.
B.The study was carried out in California and Texas.
C.Nasal swabs were submitted for testing every day.
D.A small number of vaccinated people got infected.
（2）How does the writer support the findings in the third paragraph？ 　 　
A.By asking questions.
B.By quoting the saying.
C.By listing the statistics.
D.By describing a process.
（3）What does the California report suggest？ 　 　
A.People are advised to take two doses of vaccines.
B.One dose of the vaccines can ensure your safety.
C.The vaccines have some slightest side effects.
D.Old people should be cautious to get vaccinated.
（4）According to Torriani，who are the vital people to block coronavirus transmission？ 　 　
A.Healthy people.
B.Young people
C.Elderly people.
D.Weak people.
25．（2021 金安区校级模拟）Twelve﹣year﹣old Lydia Denton was recently named the winner of CITGO's Fueling Education Student Challenge，where she earned ＄20，000 after creating the Beat the Heat Car Seat，which is a portable device placed in the car seat that not only senses weight over five pounds but monitors temperature when the baby is in the seat.
The soon﹣to﹣be seventh grader says she became inspired to make the invention after watching the news that babies were being left in hot cars，often by accident."At first，I thought about raising money for the families，but that wouldn't fix the problem：I wanted to invent something that could prevent the deaths from happening."
Lydia's device is started when it senses the weight of the child and the temperature setting reaches over 100 F （38℃）.At that point，an alarm goes off and a warning is sent via SMS to the parents.If the parents don't reset the device within 60 seconds，a built﹣in GPS chip sends a message to local authorities with the vehicle's location.After many rounds of testing with her local 911，Lydia is proud to say that Beat the Heat Car Seat is a success.
Though many newer vehicles come with warning systems and smart seat systems，Lydia's goal was to create a device that would reach more people and that could also transfer from car seat to car seat as the child grew.She decided to use her prize money to continue making improvements on the device，which would sell for only about ＄40.Lydia is now working with an instructor who is helping her with production and teaching her about business.
Lydia hopes that her work will inspire more kids of her age to make their ideas come true. "Don't think that you have to accept things in the world.If there is something that bothers you，think of ways to make it better!"
（1）Why did Lydia make the invention？ 　 　
A．To win 20，000﹣dollar prize.
B．To raise money for unlucky families.
C．To help stop babies dying in hot cars.
D．To guarantee babies' safety in a car crash.
（2）What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us about the device？ 　 　
A．How it works.
B．What it consists of.
C．Why it raises the alarm.
D．How parents respond to it.
（3）How will Lydia's