2022届高考英语一轮复习：人教版选修七 Unit 5 选修八 Unit 1 学案（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语一轮复习：人教版选修七 Unit 5 选修八 Unit 1 学案（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-03-15 09:10:16 | ||
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选修7 Unit 5 选修8 Unit 1 学案
I．Word study
1.prepare vt & vi 准备；预备；筹备；制作；配制
常用结构：prepare sth / prepare for sth / prepare sb sth / prepare to do sth / prepare sb for sth
eg. After arriving home， she began to make a fire and prepare supper.准备晚饭
The chemist is preparing a medicine.配药
Mother is preparing us a meal. = Mother is preparing a meal for us.
The teacher prepared his students for the college entrance examination.。
老师指导他的学生为大学入学考试作准备
adj. prepared be prepared to do sth ;be prepared for sth
n. preparation make preparations for sth./to do sth.; in preparation for
练一练：1）Plans for the new school are ________________________在准备中.
2) The army is making ________________准备 for a full-scale invasion.
3) Schools should do more to ______________准备 children for the world of work.
4) He worked deep into the night last night,________an article for a meeting.
A.prepare B.to prepare C.preparing D.prepared
fort 安慰，舒适
fort sb 或 it comforts sb to do sth (干某事使某人宽心)
n. 表“带来安慰的人或物”时，一般与a 连用。
常用 be a comfort to sb / it’s a comfort to do sth
练一练：1)________________（使我宽心）to know that she is safe.
2)Jerry has been ______________(我最大的安慰) since Max died.
3. substitute vt. 用...代替... substitute+n; substitute A for B;/ substitute B with/by A
用A代替B substitute for+n
n. 常用：a substitute for...“没有...那样好，不如...称心
练一练：1.We _________red balls __________blue (用红球代替篮球)to see if the baby would notice.
2.There is _______ _________ _____________（没有什么能代替）good food and exercise.
3.Butter can be ________ _________margarine in this recipe.
4.Margarine can be _______ _______butter in this recipe.
4.ocmment vi. 评论；发表意见 ；批评 comment on/upon sth. ,comment that 从句
n. make comments on/about sth.
No comment! 无可奉告！
练一练：1) Some of her criticisms are unreasonable, but most of what she says is fair _______.
A. comment B. description C. advantage D. purpose
2) Have you any comments _____the present developments
A. to do with B. to do in C. to make on D.to make in
3).--- Have you any comment to make about the cause of the disaster,sir
---__________! A. No idea B. No comment C. No, I don’t know D. No doubt
5.abundant adj. 丰富的；充裕的；充分的
an abundant year 丰年 an abundant harvest 丰收 abundant proof 充分的证据
be abundant/rich in 富含.....的；在...很丰富
n. abundance adv. abundantly
6.govern vt & vi. 统治；支配；管理；左右，决定影响；控制（脾气等）
govern oneself 克制自己
练一练：1) The law of suppy demand ___________ ________ _________ ________(支配货物的价格)。
2) You should ______ _____________(克制自己)。
7.prehistoric adj. 史前的，历史以前的
pre- 是前缀，“前，先，预先”之意
如：preannounce 预告 prehuman 人类以前的 preform 预先形成
译：prejudge __________ prearrange ________ prehistory___________
8.percentage n. （可数名词）百分比，百分率；比例，部分；好处，益处
如：What percentage of his income is taxable 他的收入有多少需拿所得税？
An increasing percentage of the population own their own houses.自己有房子的人占人口比例越来越大了。
译：1）资本主义（capitalist）世界失业人口的百分比不断上升。
——————————————————————————
2）大部分人来了。
————————————————————————————
9.cattle.n. 是一个集合名词，指复数概念，不可加-s，且谓语动词必须用复数形式。类似的集合名词有：
people, police, folk, 等。一般不和a(n)连用，但可和the 连用（表示总括意义或特指）
练：1) Cattle ___________________(正在吃草).
2)The farmer decided to buy some cattles.(改错)
注意： 要表示“牛”的头数，可借助 head(头)这个词。如：ten head of cattle(10头牛)，forty head of cattle(40头牛)等，这些表达中的 head of 也可省略，即可说 ten cattle, forty cattle等，但是我们通常不说 one cattle, 而应说成 one head of cattle, 因为cattle 是一个表复数意义的集合名词。同时应注意：以上各例中的head(头)是一个单复数同形的名词，所以没用 heads 这样的形式。
10.indicate v. 表示，表明；指示，标示；象征，暗示。后接名词或从句。
译：1) A signpost indicated the right road for us to follow.
________________________________________
2) Fever indicates sickness. __________________________________
3) The committee indicated that it might take action.
_____________________________________________
11.swap.vt& vi. n. 交换 v. swap sth with sb 和某人交换某物；
swap (sb)sth for sth (和某人)用某物交换某物
译：1）我用这个和你交换那个吧。______________________
2)你愿意和我换位置吗？________________________________
3)他表示要与她交换相机。_________________________________
12.slip v.n. 滑动；悄悄到某处，悄悄拿；滑落，滑脱，逃走；逃离（某处），逃脱，挣脱。
做名词还有“错误”之意
译：1)He slipped the money into his pocket.______________________________.
2)The movie star slippde into town before the crowds reached the airport.
_____________________________________________
答案：1.1）in preparation 2)preparations 3) prepare 4) C
2.1)It comforts me 2)a real comfort to me
3.1)substituted...for 2)no substitute for 3)substituted with/b 4)substituted for
4.1)A 2)C 3）B
6.1)governs the prices of goods 2)govern yourself 3)govern your temper
7.预先判断，过早判断；预先安排；史前史（学）
8.1）The unemployment percentage keeps rising in the capitalist world.
2)The large percentage of the people came.
9.1)are grazing 2)cattle
10.1)路标指给我们应走的路。 2）身体发烧表明有病。
3）委员会表示可能采取行动。
11.1）I’ ll swap you this for that. 2)Will you swap places with me
3) He offered to swap his camera for hers.
12.1）他偷偷把钱放入口袋。 2）人群到达机场时，那个电影明星已经悄悄进了城。
II. phrases
1.adjust to sth/to doing sth.适应/习惯（做）某事
adjust oneself to sth 使自己适应... adjust sth,to sth.使...适应于..，调节...
练：1）He soon ___________________(适应了学校生活)。
2）It ____several seconds for his eyes ____ _______ ____习惯了the dark.
3)You’ll quickly ______yourself _____适应 student life.
4)_______your languzge ____使...适合于 the age of your audience.
2.keep it up保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
如：Keep it up,Tom.汤姆，好好干下去
Well done!Keep it up! 干得好，继续好好干吧！
I hope the weather keeps up.我希望这天气能继续下去。
keep up one’s morale/one’s spirits/appearances 保持士气/振作起来/装门面
keep up with 跟上，不落在后面 keep sb.up 使某人不睡觉
练：1）Many teens don’t get enough sleep because they have too much homework,
which____them up at night. A.makes B.breaks C.turns D.keeps
2) Would you slow down a bit,please Ican’t ___you.
A.keep up with B.put up with C.make up to D.hold on to
3.get/be used to sth/doing sth.习惯于做某事； used to do sth. 过去常常做某事；be used to do sth
被用来干某事。
练：1）People ___life as a journey. A.used to considering B.used to consider
C.have used to consider D.have been used to considering
2) I____ English,but I get to like it now. A.is not used to like B.usedn’t to liking
C.usden’t to like D.usedn’t to telling
3)Mother ___us stories when we were young. A,was used to tell
B.is used to telling C.used to tell D.used to telling
4.make a life适应、习惯新的生活方式； make a living谋生
练：1）The boy have to _________by himself after his father’s death.
2) The girl soon _____________in her new job.
5.make out 用线划分出；规划出，制定出；勾销，删掉；注定，指定，选定
6.take in 包括，吸收；收容，留宿；欺骗；（衣服等）该校；订购，订阅；了解，领会
答案：1.1）adjusted to school life 2)took, to adjust to 3) adjust ,to 4)Adjust, to
2.1）D 2）A 3.1)D 2)C 3)C
4.1）make a living 2)make a life
7.team up with 8.feel at home 9.travel agent 10.settle in 11.fit in
12.be occupied with sth /in doing sth 13.close up 14.by means of 15.occur to
16.feel/be at home with/in/on sth.精通，熟悉，运用自如
17.make yourself at home 请随意，不要客气（招呼客人时说）
18.make sb. feel at home 使某人感到宾至如归 19.help yourself (to...)请随意(吃...)
III.sentences
1.I found an article on the Internet that seemed to have exzctly the information I need.定从
2.He wanted to know what I thought, which confused me ......
3.Xie Lei told me she feels much more at home in England now and that things .感到自在多了
4.“They don’t talk like they do on our listening tapes.”she said,laughing. like引导方式状语
从句。如同，好像。相当于as
5.It was the first time she had ever left her home country.时态
6.I didn’t know what to expect. 在一些动词或介词后，可用连接代词或副词what,when,
where等加不定式，相当于一个宾语从句。如，I don’t know where to go.
7.Hopefully I’ll meet some people I have things in common with.
8.It’s a great comfort to have a substitute family to come home to.回家
9.Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California,no one really knows.
这是一个倒装句，为起强调作用，将宾语提前，正常语序为：
No one really knows exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know sa California.
10.However, some survived these terrible times and today there are more Native Americans living
in California than in any other state.
比较：China has more people than any other country in Asia.
China has more people than any country in Europe.
11.Some choose to board with English families. board vi. 寄宿
12.In addition, many died from the diseases brought by Europeans.
I．Word study
1.prepare vt & vi 准备；预备；筹备；制作；配制
常用结构：prepare sth / prepare for sth / prepare sb sth / prepare to do sth / prepare sb for sth
eg. After arriving home， she began to make a fire and prepare supper.准备晚饭
The chemist is preparing a medicine.配药
Mother is preparing us a meal. = Mother is preparing a meal for us.
The teacher prepared his students for the college entrance examination.。
老师指导他的学生为大学入学考试作准备
adj. prepared be prepared to do sth ;be prepared for sth
n. preparation make preparations for sth./to do sth.; in preparation for
练一练：1）Plans for the new school are ________________________在准备中.
2) The army is making ________________准备 for a full-scale invasion.
3) Schools should do more to ______________准备 children for the world of work.
4) He worked deep into the night last night,________an article for a meeting.
A.prepare B.to prepare C.preparing D.prepared
fort 安慰，舒适
fort sb 或 it comforts sb to do sth (干某事使某人宽心)
n. 表“带来安慰的人或物”时，一般与a 连用。
常用 be a comfort to sb / it’s a comfort to do sth
练一练：1)________________（使我宽心）to know that she is safe.
2)Jerry has been ______________(我最大的安慰) since Max died.
3. substitute vt. 用...代替... substitute+n; substitute A for B;/ substitute B with/by A
用A代替B substitute for+n
n. 常用：a substitute for...“没有...那样好，不如...称心
练一练：1.We _________red balls __________blue (用红球代替篮球)to see if the baby would notice.
2.There is _______ _________ _____________（没有什么能代替）good food and exercise.
3.Butter can be ________ _________margarine in this recipe.
4.Margarine can be _______ _______butter in this recipe.
4.ocmment vi. 评论；发表意见 ；批评 comment on/upon sth. ,comment that 从句
n. make comments on/about sth.
No comment! 无可奉告！
练一练：1) Some of her criticisms are unreasonable, but most of what she says is fair _______.
A. comment B. description C. advantage D. purpose
2) Have you any comments _____the present developments
A. to do with B. to do in C. to make on D.to make in
3).--- Have you any comment to make about the cause of the disaster,sir
---__________! A. No idea B. No comment C. No, I don’t know D. No doubt
5.abundant adj. 丰富的；充裕的；充分的
an abundant year 丰年 an abundant harvest 丰收 abundant proof 充分的证据
be abundant/rich in 富含.....的；在...很丰富
n. abundance adv. abundantly
6.govern vt & vi. 统治；支配；管理；左右，决定影响；控制（脾气等）
govern oneself 克制自己
练一练：1) The law of suppy demand ___________ ________ _________ ________(支配货物的价格)。
2) You should ______ _____________(克制自己)。
7.prehistoric adj. 史前的，历史以前的
pre- 是前缀，“前，先，预先”之意
如：preannounce 预告 prehuman 人类以前的 preform 预先形成
译：prejudge __________ prearrange ________ prehistory___________
8.percentage n. （可数名词）百分比，百分率；比例，部分；好处，益处
如：What percentage of his income is taxable 他的收入有多少需拿所得税？
An increasing percentage of the population own their own houses.自己有房子的人占人口比例越来越大了。
译：1）资本主义（capitalist）世界失业人口的百分比不断上升。
——————————————————————————
2）大部分人来了。
————————————————————————————
9.cattle.n. 是一个集合名词，指复数概念，不可加-s，且谓语动词必须用复数形式。类似的集合名词有：
people, police, folk, 等。一般不和a(n)连用，但可和the 连用（表示总括意义或特指）
练：1) Cattle ___________________(正在吃草).
2)The farmer decided to buy some cattles.(改错)
注意： 要表示“牛”的头数，可借助 head(头)这个词。如：ten head of cattle(10头牛)，forty head of cattle(40头牛)等，这些表达中的 head of 也可省略，即可说 ten cattle, forty cattle等，但是我们通常不说 one cattle, 而应说成 one head of cattle, 因为cattle 是一个表复数意义的集合名词。同时应注意：以上各例中的head(头)是一个单复数同形的名词，所以没用 heads 这样的形式。
10.indicate v. 表示，表明；指示，标示；象征，暗示。后接名词或从句。
译：1) A signpost indicated the right road for us to follow.
________________________________________
2) Fever indicates sickness. __________________________________
3) The committee indicated that it might take action.
_____________________________________________
11.swap.vt& vi. n. 交换 v. swap sth with sb 和某人交换某物；
swap (sb)sth for sth (和某人)用某物交换某物
译：1）我用这个和你交换那个吧。______________________
2)你愿意和我换位置吗？________________________________
3)他表示要与她交换相机。_________________________________
12.slip v.n. 滑动；悄悄到某处，悄悄拿；滑落，滑脱，逃走；逃离（某处），逃脱，挣脱。
做名词还有“错误”之意
译：1)He slipped the money into his pocket.______________________________.
2)The movie star slippde into town before the crowds reached the airport.
_____________________________________________
答案：1.1）in preparation 2)preparations 3) prepare 4) C
2.1)It comforts me 2)a real comfort to me
3.1)substituted...for 2)no substitute for 3)substituted with/b 4)substituted for
4.1)A 2)C 3）B
6.1)governs the prices of goods 2)govern yourself 3)govern your temper
7.预先判断，过早判断；预先安排；史前史（学）
8.1）The unemployment percentage keeps rising in the capitalist world.
2)The large percentage of the people came.
9.1)are grazing 2)cattle
10.1)路标指给我们应走的路。 2）身体发烧表明有病。
3）委员会表示可能采取行动。
11.1）I’ ll swap you this for that. 2)Will you swap places with me
3) He offered to swap his camera for hers.
12.1）他偷偷把钱放入口袋。 2）人群到达机场时，那个电影明星已经悄悄进了城。
II. phrases
1.adjust to sth/to doing sth.适应/习惯（做）某事
adjust oneself to sth 使自己适应... adjust sth,to sth.使...适应于..，调节...
练：1）He soon ___________________(适应了学校生活)。
2）It ____several seconds for his eyes ____ _______ ____习惯了the dark.
3)You’ll quickly ______yourself _____适应 student life.
4)_______your languzge ____使...适合于 the age of your audience.
2.keep it up保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
如：Keep it up,Tom.汤姆，好好干下去
Well done!Keep it up! 干得好，继续好好干吧！
I hope the weather keeps up.我希望这天气能继续下去。
keep up one’s morale/one’s spirits/appearances 保持士气/振作起来/装门面
keep up with 跟上，不落在后面 keep sb.up 使某人不睡觉
练：1）Many teens don’t get enough sleep because they have too much homework,
which____them up at night. A.makes B.breaks C.turns D.keeps
2) Would you slow down a bit,please Ican’t ___you.
A.keep up with B.put up with C.make up to D.hold on to
3.get/be used to sth/doing sth.习惯于做某事； used to do sth. 过去常常做某事；be used to do sth
被用来干某事。
练：1）People ___life as a journey. A.used to considering B.used to consider
C.have used to consider D.have been used to considering
2) I____ English,but I get to like it now. A.is not used to like B.usedn’t to liking
C.usden’t to like D.usedn’t to telling
3)Mother ___us stories when we were young. A,was used to tell
B.is used to telling C.used to tell D.used to telling
4.make a life适应、习惯新的生活方式； make a living谋生
练：1）The boy have to _________by himself after his father’s death.
2) The girl soon _____________in her new job.
5.make out 用线划分出；规划出，制定出；勾销，删掉；注定，指定，选定
6.take in 包括，吸收；收容，留宿；欺骗；（衣服等）该校；订购，订阅；了解，领会
答案：1.1）adjusted to school life 2)took, to adjust to 3) adjust ,to 4)Adjust, to
2.1）D 2）A 3.1)D 2)C 3)C
4.1）make a living 2)make a life
7.team up with 8.feel at home 9.travel agent 10.settle in 11.fit in
12.be occupied with sth /in doing sth 13.close up 14.by means of 15.occur to
16.feel/be at home with/in/on sth.精通，熟悉，运用自如
17.make yourself at home 请随意，不要客气（招呼客人时说）
18.make sb. feel at home 使某人感到宾至如归 19.help yourself (to...)请随意(吃...)
III.sentences
1.I found an article on the Internet that seemed to have exzctly the information I need.定从
2.He wanted to know what I thought, which confused me ......
3.Xie Lei told me she feels much more at home in England now and that things .感到自在多了
4.“They don’t talk like they do on our listening tapes.”she said,laughing. like引导方式状语
从句。如同，好像。相当于as
5.It was the first time she had ever left her home country.时态
6.I didn’t know what to expect. 在一些动词或介词后，可用连接代词或副词what,when,
where等加不定式，相当于一个宾语从句。如，I don’t know where to go.
7.Hopefully I’ll meet some people I have things in common with.
8.It’s a great comfort to have a substitute family to come home to.回家
9.Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California,no one really knows.
这是一个倒装句，为起强调作用，将宾语提前，正常语序为：
No one really knows exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know sa California.
10.However, some survived these terrible times and today there are more Native Americans living
in California than in any other state.
比较：China has more people than any other country in Asia.
China has more people than any country in Europe.
11.Some choose to board with English families. board vi. 寄宿
12.In addition, many died from the diseases brought by Europeans.