(共46张PPT)
Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips
Grammar
牛津深圳版（广州·沈阳通用）
八年级下
Lead in
Long long ago, there lived an unlucky guy named Doudou. People there only do three things, have dinner，sleep，beat Doudou。
Doudou always （beat）by someone.
is beaten
你看，它总是被打，还不知道是谁打的。
Revision
昨天晚上 ，它又被打了。
Doudou _______ ________ last night.
was beaten
Revision
明天，豆豆还会面临暴打，可怜的豆豆啊。
Doudou ______ ______ ________tomorrow.
will be beaten
Revision
可怜的豆豆，已经被这样打了很多年。
Poor Doudou ______ ______ ________ for many years.
has been beaten
Revision
随时可能被打的豆豆啊，谁来救救它啊
Doudou _____ ____ _______anytime .
may be beaten
Revision
1.Doudou is always beaten by someone.
2.Doudou was beaten yesterday evening.
3.Doudou will be beaten tomorrow.
* 4.Doudou has been beaten for many years.
* 5.Doudou may be beaten anytime .
注意：被动语态里，人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的
Revision
英语的谓语动词有两种语态
We speak English.
主语
谓语
宾语
English is spoken by us.
主语
谓语
宾语
宾变主,主变宾,前加by
主动语态
Revision
被动语态
主动变被动解题步骤:
1. 找宾语 ----即动作的承受者
They make shoes in that factory.
Shoes
2. 判断宾语的单复数 ----即be动词的单复数
are
were
3. 判断动词的时态 ----即be动词的时态
4. 修改谓语的时态 ----即原句动词改为过去分词
made
5. 修改原句的主语 ----即by+ 主语 / 宾语
by them in that factory.
Tips
主动语态变被动之歌：
被动语态强调宾，be后加上过去分。
be要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。
行为对象作主语， 逻辑主语by来引。
Tips
While - Learning
A The passive voice with model verbs
情态动词的被动语态
Grammar
Grammar
We use the passive voice with modal verbs like this:
Work out the rule
To make the passive voice with modal verbs, __ is used between the modal verb and the past participle of the main verb.
be
含情态动词的被动语态——情态动词+be +PP
can/could
must
should
may/might
had better
have to
be done
+
Rules
Aby can take good care of Tina．
Tina can be taken good care of by Aby.
情态动词变被动：
情态动词 + be+过去分词
Rules
肯定句：情态动词+ be + 过去分词
The flowers should be watered every day.每天应该浇花。
否定句：情态动词+ not + be +过去分词
Cars mustn't be parked here.这里禁止停车。
疑问句：情态动词+ sb./sth. + be +过去分词
What could be dropped from a satellite 什么东西会被从卫星上扔下？
Rules
1. He may carry the basket easily.
The basket may be easily carried by him.
Practice
2. They can sing some beautiful songs.
Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.
Practice
Complete the article below with the correct forms of the words in brackets.
Practice
Drawing cartoon faces
When we draw a cartoon face, some parts of the face ________________(should / make) bigger to make the face look funny. So let’s start to draw a cartoon face for the woman!
A rough circle _________________ (should/draw)
first. Then a nose and big glasses ________________
(should/add).
should be made
should be drawn
should be added
Practice
Next ,a pair of small eyes and a smiling mouth ______________ (must/draw). The mouth _____________ (can/make) larger to make the woman look friendlier.
Finally, some hair ________________ (should/add)
to the cartoon. The face _______________ (can/colour)
with bright colours.
must be drawn
can be made
should be added
can be coloured
Practice
After everything has been checked, it is ready to
be played for everyone to enjoy.
The cartoon characters have been drawn
carefully by the artists.
B The passive voice in the present perfect tense
现在完成时的被动语态
We use the passive voice in the present perfect tense like this:
Grammar
Work out the rule
We form the passive voice in the present perfect tense by using have/has+ _____ before the past participle of the main verb.
been
现在完成时的被动语态——have/has+been +PP
Rules
We have made twenty keys．
Twenty keys have been made by us.
现在完成时被动结构：
have/has + been+过去分词
Rules
肯定句：have/has + been + 过去分词
A power station has been set up in their hometown.他们的家乡建立了一座发电站。
否定句：have/has + not + been +过去分词
Tom’s novel has not been published.汤姆的小说还没有被出版。
疑问句：have/has + sb./sth. + been +过去分
Who has been invited 谁受到了邀请？
Rules
Workers have built the house since two years ago.
The house has been built since two years ago.
Practice
S1: Now I’ve drawn a rough circle. What should I do next
S2: After a rough circle has been drawn, you should add a nose and big glasses.
S1: I’ve added the nose and big glasses. What must I do now
…
B1 In pairs, read the article in A on page 56 again. Ask and answer questions about drawing cartoon faces. Follow the example.
Practice
S2: After the nose and big glasses have been added, you must draw a pair of small eyes and a smiling mouth.
S1: I’ve drawn a pair of small eyes and a smiling mouth. What should I do next
S2: After a pair of small eyes and a smiling mouth have been drawn, you should add some hair to the cartoon.
S1: I’ve added some hair to the cartoon. What can I do next
S2: After some hair has been added to the cartoon, you can colour the face with bright colours.
Practice
How to make a comic strip
B2 Complete the article below with the correct forms of the words in brackets.
Practice
How to make a comic strip
To make a comic strip, first, a story ________________ (must/think) of. The story _________________ (should/make) interesting with an exciting ending. After the story _______________ (create), pictures _____________ (must/draw).
Look at the comic strip below. Speech and thought bubbles have been added so that the pictures __________________ (can/understand) easily. A line of words called a “caption” ____________(put) at the top of the fifth picture to explain a change of place or time.
must be thought
should be made
has been created
can be understood
must be drawn
has been put
Practice
一、把下列主动句改为被动句
巩固练习
(1)The workers must build a bridge in ten days.
_____________________________________________________
(2)We shouldn’t waste paper in everyday life.
_____________________________________________________
(3)You should finish your homework as soon as possible.
_____________________________________________________
A bridge must be built by the workers in ten days.
Paper shouldn't be wasted by us in everyday life.
Your homework should be finished by you as soon as possible.
(4)The students have already watered the trees in front of their classroom.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(5)Jack has finished all the work today.
_____________________________________________________
(6)Mary has kept a new coat for the Spring Festival.
_____________________________________________________
The trees in front of the students’ classroom have already been watered by the students.
A new coat has been kept by Mary for the Spring Festival.
All the work has been finished by Jack today.
巩固练习
二、单项选择
巩固练习
( )1. --- Some people think trees ________ on Tree Planting Day only.
--- Really I don't agree with them.
A. should plant B. should be planted
C. should be plant D. should be planting
( )2. The coat ________ with water. You must dry- clean it.
A. cannot wash B. can wash
C. can be washed D. cannot be washed
B
D
( )3. Our teacher is very strict with us. An article must _______ reading in 30 minutes.
A. finish B. to be finished C. be finished D. be finishing
( )4. So far, the Moon ________ by human several times.
A. is visited B. has been visited C. will be visited D. has visited
巩固练习
C
B
( )5. In the past few years, lots of buildings ______ in this city.
A. have been built B. are building
C. have built D. will build
巩固练习
A
Post-Learning
Complete the table.
时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 They paint the wall. The wall _____________.
一般过去时 They painted the wall. The wall _____________.
一般将来时 They will paint the wall. The wall _____________.
现在完成时 They have painted the wall. The wall _______________.
含情态动词 They can paint the wall. The wall _____________.
is painted
was painted
will be painted
has been painted
can be painted
Summary
各种时态的被动情况：
一般现在时：
一般过去时：
现在进行时：
过去进行时：
现在完成时：
过去完成时：
一般将来时：
过去将来时：
情态动词变被动：
am / is / are done
was / were done
am / is / are being done
was / were being done
have / has been done
had been done
shall / will be done / be going to be done
would/should be done
情态动词 + be done
Summary
一、根据句意，用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
1.Your room should __________ (clean) at least twice a week.
2. A new shopping mall may __________(build) here next year.
3. This book ________________ (translate) into many foreign languages by now.
4. So far, all the walls of the building ________________ (paint) white.
5. The cake _________________ (not keep) in the fridge. You’d better not eat it.
能力提升
be cleaned
be built
has been translated
have been painted
has not been kept
二、完成句子。
1. 你的卧室必须马上打扫干净。
Your bedroom _______ ______ ________ right now.
2. 这项工作可以下周完成。
The work _______ _______ _________ next week.
3. 这些电脑只可以在电脑室使用。
These computers _____ ___ _____ only in the computer room.
must be cleaned
can be finished
can be used
能力提升
4. 不应该砍伐树木。
The trees __________ ______ cut down.
5. 禁止带宠物入内。
Pets _______ ____ ________________ into the building.
6. 已经买了好多水果和零食。
A lot of fruit and snacks _______ _______ _______.
7. 已经教了学生们3首英文歌。
Three English songs _______ _______ ______ to the students.
shouldn’t be
mustn’t be taken / allowed
能力提升
have been bought
have been taught
8. 这个消息已在电视上报道过了。
The news _______ _______ _________ on TV.
9. 我第一次得到语文老师的鼓励。
I ______ ______ ___________ by my Chinese teacher for the first time.
10. 这个问题已被提及多次。
This problem ______ ______ ___________ many times.
has been reported
have been encouraged
has been mentioned
能力提升
复习Grammar笔记，背写序数词。
完成导学卷的《课后练习》。
Homework
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Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips 教学设计
课题 Period 3 Grammar 单元 Unit 4 学科 英语 年级 八年级下
教材分析 Grammar 板块介绍了情态动词后跟动词被动式与动词现在完成时的被动语态。
学习目标与核心素养 语言知识 掌握情态动词后跟动词被动式和动词现在完成时的被动语态的构成和用法。
语言技能 能够在具体语境中正确使用被动语态。
情感态度 主动探究，善于发现语言的规律并能运用规律举一反三。
重点 掌握情态动词后跟动词被动式和动词现在完成时的被动语态的构成和用法。
难点 能够在具体语境中正确使用被动语态。
教学过程
教学环节 教师活动 学生活动 设计意图
导入新课 Warm upUse a cartoon to review the passive voice. Students use the words to make sentences with correct passive voice To arouse the interest and lead them to get into the grammar
新课讲授 Learning1. Show Ss some examples. and ask them to analyze the structure.2. Explain the usage of the passive voice with modal verbs . The positive forms and the question forms and make more sentences according to the sentences given in the text.3. Present the task, and limit the time for students to finish the exercise.4. Read some sentences and work out the rules of the passive voice in present perfect tense. 5. Present the task, and limit the time for students to finish the exercise. Read and learn. Find out the rules individually. Take notes and finish the tasks.Explain the rules about the usage of the passive voice with modal verbs . The positive forms and the question forms Finish the exercise individually. Check the answers with each other and then discuss the mistakes. See the pictures and make up sentences with passive voice in present perfect tense. Pay attention to the tenses. Try to analyze the structure. And make a conclusion.Finish the exercise individually. Check the answers with each other and then discuss the mistakes. Using a game to help the students use the grammar as well as cultivate their spirit of team-work.To let students take part in the class actively and have a better understanding of how to use different tenses Have the students to summarize the rules by themselves.To consolidate what they have learned in this class.
课堂小结 Give more exercises to consolidate the forms and usage of the passive voice. Go over the different tense of the passive voice . To make students have a good habit of taking notes and have a general understanding of this class
板书 Unit 4 Grammar含情态动词的被动语态和现在完成时的被动语态分的内容。【观察】1. The machines can be bought in Germany.2. Each picture should be made a little different from the one before it.3. This book can not be taken home.4. — Must sound effects be added separately — Yes, they must.5. — Should the box be put in the dining room — No, it should not / shouldn’t.*6. Paper money has been used over a thousand years.【结论】1. 例句1、2、3、4、5都是含有______动词的被动语态。它们的谓语构成形式为“______+ be +动词过去分词”，其否定形式为“______+ ______ + be +动词过去分词”，如例句3。2. 含有______动词的被动语态的陈述句变成一般疑问句时，将______置于句首，其后是“主语+ be +动词过去分词+其他成分”。对该疑问句作出肯定回答时，其结构为“Yes, 主语+______.”如例句4；作否定回答时，其结构为“No, 主语+情态动词+______.”如例句5。*3. 现在完成时的被动语态的谓语构成形式为“have / has + been +动词过去分词”，如例句6。
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Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips Period 3导学案
学生姓名 班级 序号
课题内容 Grammar
教材分析 Grammar板块介绍了情态动词后跟动词被动式与动词现在完成时的被动语态。
学习目标 与 核心素养 语言知识 掌握情态动词后跟动词被动式和动词现在完成时的被动语态的构成和用法。
语言技能 能够在具体语境中正确使用被动语态。
情感态度 主动探究，善于发现语言的规律并能运用规律举一反三。
学习重点 掌握情态动词后跟动词被动式和动词现在完成时的被动语态的构成和用法。
学习难点 能够在具体语境中正确使用被动语态。
温故知新
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Last year vegetables ____________ (grow) in the garden by Tom and he sold them himself.
2. The class meeting will ____________ (hold) next week at our classroom.
3. The flowers in my garden ____________ (water) every day.
4. — Who saved Lily's father — He ____________ (save) by that policeman.
5. Some toys ____________ (buy) as presents for these children last Monday.
二、单项选择。
( )1. The show ________ on next Friday. I can't wait to see it.
A. put B. is put C. will be put D. will put
( )2. —Do you often clean your classroom
—Yes, our classroom ________ every day.
A. is cleaned B. was cleaned C. cleans D. will be cleaned
( )3. As we walked close to the work site, the workers _______ to build the new house.
A. find B. found C. were found D. are found
( )4. — How often ________ your school sports meeting ________？
— Once a year.
A. did; hold B. does; hold C. was; hold D. is; held
( )5. Mr White ________ by the media so he has no time tomorrow.
A. is interviewing B. was interviewed C. will be interviewed D. will interview
含情态动词的被动语态和现在完成时的被动语态
【观察】
1. The machines can be bought in Germany.
2. Each picture should be made a little different from the one before it.
3. This book can not be taken home.
4. — Must sound effects be added separately — Yes, they must.
5. — Should the box be put in the dining room — No, it should not / shouldn’t.
*6. Paper money has been used over a thousand years.
【结论】
1. 例句1、2、3、4、5都是含有______动词的被动语态。它们的谓语构成形式为“______+ be +动词过去分词”，其否定形式为“______+ ______ + be +动词过去分词”，如例句3。
2. 含有______动词的被动语态的陈述句变成一般疑问句时，将______置于句首，其后是“主语+ be +动词过去分词+其他成分”。对该疑问句作出肯定回答时，其结构为“Yes, 主语+______.”如例句4；作否定回答时，其结构为“No, 主语+情态动词+______.”如例句5。
*3. 现在完成时的被动语态的谓语构成形式为“have / has + been +动词过去分词”，如例句6。
类型 结构 例句
肯定句 主语＋情态动词＋ be ＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他. (1) Each picture should be made a little different from the one before it.每一幅图画应该被制作得和之前那幅图画有一点差别。
否定句 主语＋情态动词＋ not ＋ be ＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他． (2)Each picture should not be made a little different from the one before it.每一幅图画不应该被制作得和之前那幅图画有一点差别。
一般疑问句 情态动词＋主语＋be＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他？ (3)—Should each picture be made a little different from the one before it 每一幅图画都应该被制作得和之前那幅图画有一点差别吗？ —Yes, it should. / No, it shouldn't. 应该。/不应该。
肯定回答：Yes, 主语＋情态动词. 否定回答：No, 主语＋情态动词＋ not.
类型 结构 例句
肯定句 主语＋ have/has ＋ been ＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他． (1) The cartoon characters have been drawn carefully by the artists. 卡通人物已经被艺术家们仔细地画出来了。
否定句 主语＋ have/has ＋ not ＋ been ＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他． (2) The cartoon characters have not been drawn carefully by the artists. 卡通人物已经被艺术家们仔细地画出来了。
一般疑问句 Have/Has＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词＋其他？ (3) —Have the cartoon characters been drawn carefully by the artists？卡通人物已经被艺术家们已经仔细地画出来了吗？ —Yes, they have. / No, they haven't. 已经画了。/ 还没画。
肯定回答：Yes, 主语＋have/has. 否定回答：No, 主语＋have/has＋not.
巩固练习
一、把下列主动句改为被动句
(1)The workers must build a bridge in ten days.
_____________________________________________________
(2)We shouldn’t waste paper in everyday life.
_____________________________________________________
(3)You should finish your homework as soon as possible.
_____________________________________________________
(4)The students have already watered the trees in front of their classroom.
_____________________________________________________
(5)Jack has finished all the work today.
_____________________________________________________
(6)Mary has kept a new coat for the Spring Festival.
_____________________________________________________
二、单项选择
( )1. --- Some people think trees ________ on Tree Planting Day only.
--- Really I don't agree with them.
A. should plant B. should be planted
C. should be plant D. should be planting
( )2. The coat ________ with water. You must dry clean it.
A. cannot wash B. can wash C. can be washed D. cannot be washed
( )3. Our teacher is very strict with us. An article must _______ reading in 30 minutes.
A. finish B. to be finished C. be finished D. be finishing
( )4. So far, the Moon ________ by human several times.
A. is visited B. has been visited C. will be visited D. has visited
( )5. In the past few years, lots of buildings ______ in this city.
A. have been built B. are building C. have built D. will build
能力提升
一、根据句意，用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
1.Your room should __________ (clean) at least twice a week.
2. A new shopping mall may __________(build) here next year.
3. This book ________________ (translate) into many foreign languages by now.
4. So far, all the walls of the building ________________ (paint) white.
5. The cake _________________ (not keep) in the fridge. You’d better not eat it.
二、完成句子。
1. 你的卧室必须马上打扫干净。
Your bedroom _______ ______ ________ right now.
2. 这项工作可以下周完成。
The work _______ _______ _________ next week.
3. 这些电脑只可以在电脑室使用。
These computers _____ ___ _____ only in the computer room.
4. 不应该砍伐树木。
The trees __________ ______ cut down.
5. 禁止带宠物入内。
Pets _______ ____ ________________ into the building.
6. 已经买了好多水果和零食。
A lot of fruit and snacks _______ _______ _______.
7. 已经教了学生们3首英文歌。
Three English songs _______ _______ ______ to the students.
8. 这个消息已在电视上报道过了。
The news _______ _______ _________ on TV.
9. 我第一次得到语文老师的鼓励。
I ______ ______ ___________ by my Chinese teacher for the first time.
10. 这个问题已被提及多次。
This problem ______ ______ ___________ many times.
Grammar同步练习
一、单项选择。
( )1. —Do you believe there are aliens
—I'm afraid not. I don't think aliens in space.
A. can find B. can be found C. can be founded D. can't be found
( )2. —Children to swim by themselves.
—I agree with you. It is too dangerous.
A. should not be allowed B. should be not allowed
C. not should be allowed D. should allow
( )3. These pieces of paper yet.
A. have not been written on B. have not written on
C. has not written on D. has not been written on
( )4. —Have you prepared the meeting
— to have the meeting.
A. If; isn't decided B. When; hasn't decided
C. Whether; isn't decided D. How; hasn't decided
( )5. —People have come to know that their health must ______.
—That's true. Health is more important than wealth.
A. pay more attention B. pay more attention to
C. be paid more attention D. be paid more attention to
( )6. —I don't suppose the police know who did it.
—Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and _____ now.
A. has been questioned B. is being questioned
C. is questioning D. has questioned
( )7. —Your hometown has changed a lot.
—In the past ten years, a lot of new buildings ______ in our city.
A. were built B. has built C. have built D. have been built
( )8. —Do you know the old couple
—Yes, I know them well. They ______ for 60 years.
A. married B. got married C. have married D. have been married
( )9. —______ the sports meeting might be put off.
—Yes, it all depends on the weather.
A. I told B. I've told C. I've been told D. I'm told
( )10. —The science and technology is developing so fast.
—With the development of IT, texts, sounds, pictures, and even films ______ on the mobile phones.
A. can send and receive B. can be sent and received
C. can be sending and receiving D. sent and received
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空，使句子完整、通顺。
1. The newspaper __________ (bring) to school yesterday.
2. Your dress _____________ (finish) in three days.
3. An interesting programme can ____________ (show) on TV soon.
4. Students ____________ (not allow)to take their mobile phones to school.
5. Her homework _____________ (do) by her so far.
6. Must these books_____________ (return) on time
7. Their clothes may_____________ (put) on the bed.
8. How much money_____________ (raise) up to now
9. Old people should_____________ (speak) politely.
10. Rubbish mustn’t_____________(throw) in public places.
三、完成句子。
1. 先生， 你没有遵守交通规则，所以应该被处罚。
Sir, you didn’t follow the traffic rule, so you _________ _________ _________.
2. 这幅图已经被挂在别处了。
This picture _________ already _________ _________ somewhere else.
3. 共享单车不能被私自锁上。
Shared bikes _________ _________ _________ _________ without permission.
4. 废纸不应该扔在这里。
Waste paper _________ _________ _________ _________ here.
四、语法填空。
Tony, Jenny and Arthur are all cartoon fans. They are talking about their favourite cartoons.
Tony: __1________ I watched Tom and Jerry on TV at the age of 5, I have been in love with it. It is a good cartoon. I have grown up with it. Every time I watch it, I feel __2___________(please). Of the two characters, I love Jerry __3_________ (well). Although he is small and naughty (淘气的), he is clever and lovely. Tom is fun, too. He always wants to catch Jerry, __4________ he fails every time.
Jenny: My favourite cartoon is Ice Age. The story is interesting. And I think its pictures are beautiful. Through the pictures, a beautiful animal world __5___________ (show) to us. The animals live together __6___________(happy). Some animals look strange but fun. The cartoon is educational. It teaches us
__7___________ (love) animals and protect the environment.
Arthur: Kung Fu Panda is my favourite cartoon film. Po used to be a lazy and poor panda. He wished to be __8__________ hero, but he didn’t work hard. Later, he made a great change after __9____________ (experience) many difficulties. He became not only clever but also brave. He saved __10__________ (he) friends and family and became a real hero.
参考答案：
课前预习
一、
1. were/grown 2. be held 3. are watered 4. was saved 5. were bought
二、CACDC
课堂同步
巩固练习：
一、
1. A bridge must be built by the workers in ten days.
2. Paper shouldn't be wasted by us in everyday life.
3. Your homework should be finished by you as soon as possible.
4. The trees in front of the students’ classroom have already been watered by the students.
5. All the work has been finished by Jack today.
6. A new coat has been kept by Mary for the Spring Festival.
二、BDCBA
能力提升：
一、1. be cleaned 2. be built 3. has been translated 4. have been painted 5. has not been kept
二、1. must be cleaned 2. can be finished 3. can be used 4. shouldn’t be
5. mustn’t be taken/ allowed 6. have been bought 7. have been taught
8. has been reported 9. have been encouraged 10. has been mentioned
课后训练
一、BAACD BDDCB
二、1. was brought 2. will be finished 3. be shown 4. are not allowed
5. has been done 6. be returned 7. be put 8. has been raised
9. be spoken to 10. be thrown
三、1. should be punished 2. has, been hung
3. can not be locke 4. should not be shrown
四、1. Since 2. pleased 3. better 4. but 5. is shown
6. happily 7. to love 8. a 9. experiencing 10. his
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