(共90张PPT)
题型三 完形填空
一、题型分析
完形填空是在篇章理解的基础上进行意义选择,是一种既对局部进行微观考查,又对整体进行宏观考查的题型。不仅对考生学习的英语知识和培养的英语技能进行多维度的考查,也对学生的英语思维能力在较高层次(如联想、推理、归纳)上进行检测,是典型的“智能混合”题型。
近几年广东省中考采用的是完成10个空格的完形填空,选材多是250词左右的哲理故事性记叙文,也有科普文章、人物传记、社会文化等类文章。每小题4个选项,从语法角度看都是正确的,要求学生根据上下文理解,做出意义的最佳选择,即基于词义辨析的考查。有别于语法选择的考查。
二、考点分布
2018—2021年广东省中考英语完形填空考点分布
年份 题材与体裁考点 名词 动词 动词短语 形容词 副词 连词 代词 介词短语
2021 申请做行星保护官(记叙文) 3 3 1 2 1 / / /
2020 虚拟整容(记叙文) 3 1 2 2 2 / / /
2019 同学友情(记叙文) 2 2 2 2 1 1 / /
2018 幸福的秘诀(记叙文) 2 2 2 2 1 1 / /
从表中可以看出,考点集中分布于名词、动词及动词短语、形容词和副词等实词意义的辨析。它要求考生要有扎实的词汇、习惯用语、固定搭配、语法、句法等语言基础知识,还要有较强的阅读能力、语言运用能力、逻辑思维能力和分析判断能力。
技巧一:语境推断法
根据上下文的提示或暗示,身临其境地理解事件发生的语境、体验语境和作者的情感态度,推断出符合场景的最佳选项。
例题导读(2021年广东省卷节选)
Last month, a space agency (机构) told the public that they were 41 “a planet protection officer.” … 41 He wrote a letter to the agency, saying that .
41.A.waking up B.
C.dealing with D.talking about
he wanted the job
looking for
【解析】由下文句意提示可知,一家太空机构在招收(寻找)星球保护官员。故选B。
例题导读(2020年广东省卷节选)
He bought new eyes, new hands and new feet.After that, he
very young for his age, and 47 different. He felt satisfied with himself.
47.A.probably B.hardly
C.nearly D.
looked
completely
【解析】由上文提及的“他买了新眼睛、新手和新脚,他的新造型看起来很年轻。”可推断出在那之后,他与之前完全不一样了。故选D。
技巧二:词汇重现
词汇重现是指文章中的某一词以原词、同义词、近义词、反义词、概括词或其他形式重复出现在语境中,语篇中的句子通过词汇的复现达到了相互衔接。
例题导读(2021年广东省卷节选)
Last month, a agency (机构) told the public…Sam also said he had watched almost all the 45 movies he could find… scientists.
45.A.war B.road C. D.sports
【解析】由上文的“space”到下文的“space”可知,Sam所看电影是有关太空方面的。故选C。
space
space
space
例题导读(2020年广东省卷节选)
As years went by, Mr. Smith was bored of his look…fit his new look. In the next few weeks, Mr. Smith's interest in his 46 kept growing. He bought new eyes, new hands and new feet. After that, he looked very young for his age, and completely different.
46.A.shape B.age C.life D.
look
【解析】由上下文的“look”可知,在随后的几个星期里,史密斯先生对他的“外表”越来越感兴趣。他买了新的眼睛、手和脚。从那以后,他看起来很年轻,完全不同了。故选D。
技巧三:逻辑推理
完形填空的各个段落之间存在着逻辑上的联系,可以通过对故事的线索、文章前后各段落之间的逻辑关系、文章前后内容之间的逻辑关系以及人物情感的发展来进行分析和理解文章,以此推断出最佳答案。
逻辑关系主要有:并列关系(and);转折关系(but, however, though, yet, otherwise, while);顺序关系(before, after, then, finally);让步关系(although, though);因果关系(so, thus, for);条件关系(if, in case);递进关系(besides, furthermore, what's more, in addition to, as well as)。
例题导读(2021年广东省卷节选)
Some people laughed at the funny job title, a 9 year old boy took the information 42 .
42.A.simply B.lightly C. D.clearly
【解析】句意为“有些人嘲笑这个滑稽的头衔,但是一个9岁的男孩把这个信息当真了。”由上文的逻辑词语but可知上下文为转折关系。故选C。
but
seriously
例题导读(2020年广东省卷节选)
As years went by, Mr. Smith was tired of his look. Several months ago, Mr. Smith went to a body engineering shop and asked for a small nose. Small noses were very 43 these years.
43.A. B.similar C.strange D.useful
【解析】由上文“史密斯先生要一个小鼻子”可推测出,小鼻子这几年很“流行”。故选A。
popular
技巧四:利用常识法
将文章的意思与我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识以及科普常识等结合起来,进行简单推理,从而得出最佳答案。
例题导读(2021年广东省卷节选)
Sam soon got a 46 from Bill Black, director of the agency.
46.A.job B.test C. D.ticket
【解析】由上文“他给太空机构写了一封信”,结合生活常识可知,Sam收到的是回复(回信)。故选C。
reply
例题导读(2020年广东省卷节选)
However, the change in the face and fingerprints brought him . He was 49 to enter places like railway stations and airports. In the end, he decided to have his old body back!
49.A.guided B. C.forced D.allowed
much trouble
refused
【解析】由上文“脸部和指纹的变化给他带来了很多麻烦”,结合生活常识可知,他被拒绝进入火车站和机场等地方。故选B。
建议一:积极进行词汇积累,注重最根本的“积累”。
建议二:进行完形填空思维训练,形成“完形填空”式的上下推敲思维习惯。完形填空的考查以名词(2~3个)、动词(2~3个)、动词短语(1~2个)、形容词(1~2个)和副词(1~2个)的词义辨析为主。备考中应反思做题方法:通读全文、瞻前顾后、联系上下文以及关注事件的起因、经过和结果。
建议三:注意积累常见的词汇和固定搭配,重视篇章内在的逻辑关系和文章脉络。
Passage One(2021广东)
Many kids are crazy about space. Last month, a space agency (机构) told the public that they were 1 “a planet protection officer”. Some people laughed at the funny job title, but a 9 year old boy took the information 2 . He wrote a letter to the agency, saying that he wanted the job.
“Dear sirs, my name is Sam Lee. I think I am the 3 person for job,” he wrote.
What are Sam's 4 For one, he wrote, “My sister says I act like an alien (外星人).” Sam also said he had watched almost all the 5 movies he could find. His last sentence may touch people's hearts, “I am young, so I can learn to think like an alien.”
Sam soon got a 6 from Bill Black, director of the agency. “We have received your letter. It is great that you are interested in the job. This job is to 7 the earth from germs (细菌) on things brought back from other planets.” Bill ended the letter with some warm words, 8 Sam to study hard and do well in school. “We hope to 9 you at the agency one day,” he wrote.
“Among kids, there are 10 space scientists,” Bill told a newspaper. “We think of this letter as a chance that may forever change a kid's life.”
( ) 1.A.waking up B.looking for
C.dealing with D.talking about
( ) 2.A.simply B.lightly C.seriously D.clearly
( ) 3.A.right B.kind
C.important D.favorite
( ) 4.A.dreams B.problems
C.discoveries D.advantages
B
C
A
D
( ) 5.A.war B.road C.space D.sports
( ) 6.A.job B.test C.reply D.ticket
( ) 7.A.move B.protect C.pull D.collect
( ) 8.A.warning B.helping
C.ordering D.encouraging
( ) 9.A.see B.tell C.thank D.search
( ) 10.A.past B.future C.recent D.present
C
C
B
D
A
B
Passage Two (2020广东)
We are now in the 22nd century. With the development of science and technology, people can change their bodies in the way they want.
As years went by, Mr. Smith 1 his look. Several months ago, Mr. Smith went to a body engineering shop and 2 a small nose. Small noses were very 3 these years. After the operation, he looked at himself in the mirror
(镜子)and found that his 4 hair no longer fit his new look. Then he wanted a change to long hair. When he was leaving,the shop keeper 5 told him that the shop had a special offer on ears. At last, Mr. Smith went out of the shop with a small nose, long hair and two new ears.
In the next few weeks, Mr. Smith's interest in his 6 kept growing. He bought new eyes, new hands and new feet. After that, he looked very young for his age, and 7
different. He felt satisfied with himself. However, the 8 in the face and fingerprints brought him much trouble. He was 9 to enter places like railway stations and airports. In the end, he decided to have his old body back! To his surprise,Mrs. Smith was unhappy with his 10 because she could not bear (忍受)the bad smell of his old feet.
( )1.A.was bored of B.was relaxed about
C.was excited about D.was pleased with
( )2.A.cared for B.waited for
C.asked for D.sent for
( )3.A.popular B.similar C.strange D.useful
( )4.A.long B.short C.thick D.thin
A
C
A
B
( )5.A.silently B.foolishly
C.carelessly D.suddenly
( )6.A.shape B.age C.life D.look
( )7.A.probably B.hardly
C.nearly D.completely
D
D
D
( )8.A.smile B.change C.color D.kiss
( )9.A.guided B.refused
C.forced D.allowed
( )10.A.interest B.condition
C.decision D.situation
B
B
C
Passage Three (2019广东)
Cindy and Anna were best friends. Some days they could spend hours happily together without any argument, but other days they just could not 1 on what to do.
One day they decided to play in the garden near their school. “Come on. Let's play chess,” Anna said.
“I don't want to play chess,” Cindy replied.
“We always do what you want to do,Cindy. It's my turn to make a 2 ,” Anna said.She was getting a little unhappy and 3 ,leaving Cindy alone.
Cindy was very angry. 4 she got home, she found she still had Anna's notebook in her school bag. “Well, I'm not giving it back to her today. I'm too mad at her,” Cindy thought.
The next day at school, their teacher Mrs Stone 5 their notebooks. But Anna didn't have hers, and she looked 6 .Cindy knew she should tell Mrs Stone that she had the notebook, but she was 7 mad at Anna.
When it was time for lunch, Cindy finally told Mrs Stone the 8 .“Thank you for being 9 ,Cindy. I'm sure Anna will be thankful that you have given me her notebook,” said Mrs Stone.
Later, Mrs Stone asked the two girls together and talked with them. Mrs Stone helped them 10 that it was a good idea to take turns to decide the activity. They became best friends again.
( )1.A.agree B.live C.depend D.try
( )2.A.promise B.project C.decision D.dialogue
( )3.A.went over B.went on
C.went by D.went away
( )4.A.Because B.After C.Unless D.If
( )5.A.gave away B.asked for
C.handed in D.paid for
A
C
D
B
B
( )6.A.worried B.normal C.proud D.relaxed
( )7.A.still B.never C.usually D.almost
( )8.A.chance B.method C.truth D.rule
( )9.A.patient B.honest C.active D.quiet
( )10.A.describe B.explain C.guess D.realize
A
A
C
B
D
Passage Four (2018广东)
A wealthy man loved his son very much. As he wanted his son to lead a happy life,he decided to send him to see a wise old man for his advice on happiness.
When the old man learned about his 1 ,he handed the boy an empty bowl and said. “Go to the river miles away and 2 it with water.I will tell you about it 3 no water is split (洒)when you reach here.” Although the boy was very
surprised at this,he had no choice but to 4 this task.
The boy 5 on foot for the river and some time later came back with a bowl of water. The old man asked him. “Did you notice the beautiful flowers along the road and the birds singing in the trees ” The boy could say nothing about them because he gave his 6 attention to the bowl in his hands.
The old man smiled and said, “Bring me 7 bowl of water, but this time enjoy the flowers and the singing of birds as well.”
When he returned, the boy was able to 8 everything he had seen to the old man. But when he looked down at his bowl, he found 9 that most water was gone. He forgot all about his bowl while enjoying the beautiful things along the road.
“Well,young man,” the old man said, “Enjoy the beauty of the world, but never forget the water in your bowl. This is the 10 of happiness.”
( )1.A.research B.promise
C.purpose D.experience
( )2.A.wash B.fill C.compare D.connect
( )3.A.if B.until C.unless D.while
( )4.A.put out B.pick out
C.point out D.carry out
C
B
A
D
( )5.A.set off B.paid off C.got off D.kept off
( )6.A.public B.weak C.quick D.full
( )7.A.any B.every C.another D.the other
( )8.A.change B.imagine
C.examine D.describe
( )9.A.lazily B.sadly C.luckily D.excitedly
( )10.A.result B.cause C.secret D.decision
C
B
D
A
D
C
Passage One
On August 10th, 18 year old Mao Zhaomu, a delivery boy, received his admission letter (录取通知书) from SISU (Shanghai International Studies University).Early last month, Mao stopped his work and 1 the College Entrance Examination.
“My dream is to become an interpreter (口译者) and 2 talk shows on CCTV in the future,” Mao said. Mao became 3 online because of the English messages he sent to the customers. One day in May, a student received a 4 which said, “Hello, your phone was turned off 5 I called you. Your meal was put on the vending machine (自动贩卖机).Please take it away after you see the message. Thank you. Have a(n) 6 meal.” The student showed the massage on Weibo. Immediately, Mao became well known.
Mao said he was once so poor in most of subjects except English that he had to 7 school. When he was asked why he chose to continue his language education, he said he was 8 encouraged by his high school English teacher. And he thought all SISU 9 would be sure to understand his words.
Now, Mao is working hard to make his dream come true.He makes 10 to pass the College English Tests and the National Interpretation Examinations.
( ) 1.A.prepared for B.care for C.ask for D.pay for
( ) 2.A.take care of B.take out of
C.take part in D.take away from
( ) 3.A.clever B.famous C.worried D.serious
( ) 4.A.letter B.call C.note D.message
( ) 5.A.when B.if C.since D.though
A
C
B
D
A
( ) 6.A.cheap B.expensive C.simple D.delicious
( ) 7.A.return B.enter C.leave D.lose
( ) 8.A.deeply B.hardly C.sadly D.quickly
( ) 9.A.friends B.students C.parents D.kids
( ) 10.A.shows B.mistakes C.plans D.thoughts
D
C
A
B
C
Passage Two
Shen Linglan, 13,used to know nothing about cooking. This was because she was afraid of fire. But last month, she overcame (克服) her fears and 1 her first dish—braised pork. “It was 2 delicious!” she said.
She was able to do this through “self support” education in her school. The school offers chances for students to learn practical 3 .On Oct. 15, it 4 a two week trip called
“self support education base” for students. Nearly 100 students 5 and learned basic life skills during the trip.
The students had to do everything themselves 6 they were away from their parents. Xu Ke, 13, learned to wash clothes, clean rooms and cook. “All of these things made me more 7 ,” Xu said. “I think it will help me a lot in the future when I go to college.”
The students also got the 8 to do some farm work. Xu had never seen a rice field before.
“I was so 9 to reap (收割) the rice,” Xu said. She also picked her own 10 .“We tasted the fruit we picked ourselves and experienced the happiness of the harvest (收获),” she said.
( ) 1.A.brought B.cooked C.came D.bought
( ) 2.A.mainly B.exactly C.quite D.hardly
( ) 3.A.skills B.knowledge
C.information D.instruments
( ) 4.A.built B.sold C.decided D.prepared
( ) 5.A.took part B.took away
C.took care D.took up
B
C
A
D
A
( ) 6.A.unless B.since C.though D.before
( ) 7.A.tired B.comfortable C.lonely D.confident
( ) 8.A.hope B.wish C.chance D.excuse
( ) 9.A.exciting B.excited C.bored D.interesting
( ) 10.A.fruit B.rice C.corn D.farm
B
D
C
B
A
Passage Three
A girl just arrived to work as a nurse in a private hospital. One day, a patient who was 1 ill was brought to her hospital, and had to have an operation. The director of the hospital said that the patient couldn't leave 2 he paid his bill first. The patient's 3 asked if they could pay the bill after the operation, as the patient was terribly ill. But their 4 was refused.
The nurse made a 5 decision when she heard about the situation. She 6 her gold watch and used it to pay the patient's bill. Thanks to her help, the patient was immediately taken to the other hospital and his 7 was saved. Although the watch was the only piece of valuable thing she 8 , the nurse gave it away to save the patient even though he was a total stranger to her.
The nurse's action caught the attention of the doctor who was on duty that day. He later 9 the nurse and they finally got married.
Love means giving as 10 as we can. We may give without loving, but we cannot love without giving.
( ) 1.A.heavily B.especially C.seriously D.simply
( ) 2.A.because B.unless C.though D.if
( ) 3.A.manager B.neighbour C.family D.workmate
( ) 4.A.report B.thought C.plan D.request
( ) 5.A.surprising B.exciting C.interesting D.boring
C
B
C
D
A
( ) 6.A.picked up B.took off C.tried on D.paid for
( ) 7.A.wealth B.food C.time D.life
( ) 8.A.borrowed B.made C.saw D.owned
( ) 9.A.got on well with B.made friends with
C.fell in love with D.was worried about
( ) 10.A.much B.little C.large D.fast
B
D
D
C
A
Passage Four
Your winter holidays are coming. You must be very excited. Have you decided 1 to go and how to get there If not, I suggest you making more 2 .
When spending holidays, you need to 3 many kinds of places to stay, such as hotels, farms,villages and so on. All the hotels offer a room to sleep. Most hotels offer other services. Some of them 4 offer free breakfast. You can even
have personal services every day in some hotels, but they are expensive. So you had better 5 your traveling expenses.
You must 6 where and when you are going, and how long you will stay in that city and so on.
Some of the 7 usually rent (租) some vacation homes out for a week or more. You can also rent one and do some cooking in your vacation home.This will help to save money. It can be very 8 eating three meals a day at a restaurant. If
you 9 me, you can find out vacation homes for rent by searching online.
You should think about 10 thing when you plan to make your winter holiday. That is how you will go. By air or train All of this you should consider carefully.
( ) 1.A.what B.why C.where D.which
( ) 2.A.discussions B.decisions
C.experiments D.promises
( ) 3.A.share B.prepare C.provide D.choose
( ) 4.A.seldom B.even C.never D.sometimes
( ) 5.A.care about B.talk about
C.think about D.worry about
C
B
D
B
C
( ) 6.A.understand B.ask C.show D.tell
( ) 7.A.passengers B.volunteer
C.foreigner D.tourists
( ) 8.A.expensive B.happy C.harmful D.useful
( ) 9.A.depend on B.agree with
C.think of D.look after
( ) 10.A.the other B.others C.another D.other
A
D
A
B
C
Passage Five
Bill and Cathy chose a place called Maldives to go on a holiday. They decided to stay there for two weeks in spring, because they heard the 1 there was perfect at that time. They worked very hard for several 2 .Finally, they made enough money for their dream trip. But their trip was more like a nightmare (噩梦)!
The problem 3 when the flight was put off because of bad weather. They couldn't leave until night. They finally 4 the plane twelve hours later! But they couldn't fly to Maldives because there was a storm. They had to fly to the capital city 5 .There they stayed in a small hotel near the airport.
The hotel was next to the sea, but the sea was so 6 that they couldn't swim in it. The 7 was awful, too. For breakfast there was only bread and milk! When the storm came, they felt really 8 .Because of the bad weather, they had to 9 for another night in the small hotel. And they had nothing to do. It was so boring. Finally, they 10 Maldives three days later. And someone told them the weather there had been wonderful all the time!
( ) 1.A.beach B.weather C.water D.sand
( ) 2.A.minutes B.hours C.days D.months
( ) 3.A.finished B.jumped C.continued D.began
( ) 4.A.got on B.turned on C.put on D.carried on
( ) 5.A.already B.yet C.instead D.still
B
D
D
A
C
( ) 6.A.small B.large C.dirty D.clean
( ) 7.A.room B.sight C.food D.traffic
( ) 8.A.full B.quiet C.happy D.terrible
( ) 9.A.stay B.work C.leave D.play
( ) 10.A.arrived in B.connected with
C.heard of D.gave up
C
C
D
A
A
Passage Six
Have you ever watched Shadow Play (皮影戏) It is a kind of 1 of mixed music and shadow play. The players 2 the human characters behind the paper screen and play a series of stories. Often the characters 3 cowskin (牛皮).The players set up the light and then start their show 4 it becomes dark. Shadow play 5 Shan Xi during the Western Han Dynasty two thousand years ago, and it was named Daoqing Shadow Play.
The stage of Shadow Play is 6 a table covered with a large piece of paper. The light is behind the paper screen.As the shadow player moves his 7 , the characters come to life.From the other side of the screen, people can 8 their looks, dresses and movements clearly. The player is also the lead singer. All the characters are played and voiced by himself.
It's not a(n) 9 job to play the characters well. It always takes them ten to twenty years. The Museum of Daoqing Shadow Play has been built in Gansu to protect the traditional Chinese art. Many 10 are trying to spread it around China, even all over the world.
( ) 1.A.art B.game C.ticket D.festival
( ) 2.A.live B.enter C.hold D.save
( ) 3.A.are made of B.are regarded as
C.are sent for D.are separated from
( ) 4.A.When B.If C.Because D.Although
( ) 5.A.heard from B.came from
C.asked for D.looked for
A
C
A
A
B
( ) 6.A.never B.ever C.seldom D.always
( ) 7.A.fingers B.legs C.faces D.feet
( ) 8.A.see B.find C.choose D.follow
( ) 9.A.funny B.terrible C.useful D.easy
( ) 10.A.writers B.visitors C.artists D.singers
C
D
A
A
D
Passage Seven
Chinese delivery (传送) driver, Gao Zhixiao, was on the cover of Time magazine in March because of his great sense of commitment (使命感).Along with five others, he was 1 by the magazine as one of the heroes during the period of the novel coronavirus outbreak.
“Ever since COVID 19 broke out, many restaurants have 2 or changed to take out only services. Millions people have been staying home. People have to order 3 online or buy fruit and vegetables to cook at home,” Gao told Time. As a 4 , delivery orders increased a lot.
Born in a 5 family in Ningxia, Gao started to make a living in Beijing at age 16. After the novel coronavirus broke out, Gao hesitated (犹豫) for a second to continue working, but
then 6 orders because he thought customers might be in need.
Because of the 7 , Gao must be careful to avoid spreading viruses on ways around Beijing, including having a regular health test and 8 twenty minutes disinfecting (消毒) his motor bike and clothes each morning. Besides delivering food, Gao 9 warm heartedly cooked for an old customer who was living alone at her home.
It is the ordinary people like Gao that have made the 10 contributions (奉献) in the fight against COVID 19.
( ) 1.A.taken B.brought C.chosen D.followed
( ) 2.A.turned down B.put down
C.closed down D.fell down
( ) 3.A.food B.books C.clothes D.medicine
( ) 4.A.reason B.result C.word D.way
( ) 5.A.rich B.healthy C.poor D.faraway
C
C
A
B
C
( ) 6.A.threw away B.talked about
C.put off D.picked up
( ) 7.A.luck B.danger C.difficulty D.business
( ) 8.A.spending B.losing C.paying D.taking
( ) 9.A.quietly B.once C.soon D.politely
( ) 10.A.tallest B.fewest C.smallest D.biggest
D
B
A
B
D
Passage Eight
At commendation meeting of poverty alleviation (脱贫攻坚表彰会), an elderly woman in a wheelchair receiving a medal from President Xi Jinping touched many people.
To help students from poor families get a good 1 , 97 year old Xia Sen has given most of her personal savings. Xia worked as a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences 2 she retired (退休) in 1982.
In 2006, she started to 3 students in Danfeng county (县), Shanxi province, and Shangyou county, Jiangxi province. She has 4 more than 2 million yuan to help 182 students attend college.
In 2006, Xia visited Danfeng. The 5 condition of the school and lack of facilities (设备) and teaching materials saddened her. She borrowed 20,000 yuan from friends and immediately 6 desks and books for the students. In 2008,
she donated (捐献) 200,000 yuan to build a teaching building. She 7 took out another 20,000 yuan from her savings to reward (奖励) and encourage students at the school. In 2013, Xia used 1 million yuan of her savings to 8 the “Xia Sen Scholarship (奖学金)” to help high school and college students from poor families. So far, at least 182 students have benefited (受益).
To our 9 , Xia and her husband live a very simple life. She often says her life has improved so much compared with what she had in the early age. Now her only 10 is that her money can be used to help students.
( ) 1.A.education B.life C.work D.luck
( ) 2.A.when B.before C.after D.until
( ) 3.A.believe B.teach C.support D.understand
( ) 4.A.given up B.given out
C.given away D.give back
( ) 5.A.fresh B.comfortable C.beautiful D.terrible
A
B
C
C
D
( ) 6.A.made B.bought C.repaired D.paid
( ) 7.A.slowly B.soon C.only D.carefully
( ) 8.A.bring up B.give up C.set up D.make up
( ) 9.A.surprise B.pity C.excitement D.expectation
( ) 10.A.decision B.advice C.choice D.hope
B
B
C
A
D