2022年中考英语二轮专题复习课件：题型五 短文填空（共有56张ppt）

(共56张PPT)
题型五　短文填空
一、题型分析
短文填空是在200词左右的语篇理解基础上进行语法、意义填空，完成一篇有10个空的短文，每空一词，所填的单词是初中英语课程标准要求掌握的单词，也是典型的“智能混合”题型。
短文填空主要考查以下几个方面的能力：(1)对上下文的理解和把握；(2)推测句子的真正含义以及根据生活常识进行判断；(3)逻辑推理能力；(4)对习惯用法和常用搭配的掌握情况(本题不是单纯考查语法知识)；(5)在一定的语境中考查学生的语法知识、词汇知识和语用知识等的掌握情况。
二、考点分布
2018—2021年广东中考英语短文填空考点分布
年份 主题 考点 体裁　　 词数 名词 动词 数词 形容词 副词 介词 连词 冠词 代词
2021 跨国的爱 记叙文 201 1 3 / 1 / 1 1 / 2
2020 帮助他人 记叙文 200 2 2 / 2 / 1 1 / 2
2019 旅游经历 记叙文 179 2 1 / 1 1 1 2 1 1
2018 个人经历 记叙文 228 / 2 1 2 1 1 / 1 2
从表中可以看出，短文填空考查的词性广泛，主要考查八大词类：名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词(含定语从句关系词和疑问代词)、介词、连词、冠词以及常用短语和固定搭配。
近几年短文填空有如下特点：
(1)选材贴近生活，体现学科核心素养。
(2)考查重点突出，答案灵活。
(3)难度较大，得分率较低。
技巧一：句子结构分析法
先分析句子结构，忽略次要信息，找出句子主干，判断空格在句子中充当的成分，从而确定空格所填的词性。
例题导读(2021年广东省卷短文填空)
His Chinese name is Pan Weilian.His Chinese friends主语 68 him宾语 “Lao Pan”宾语补足语 .
【解析】从分析句子结构可知，句子缺谓语动词；根据前文可知谈的是名字和称呼。故空格处填call。
技巧二：逻辑关系突破法
根据上下文的意思，分析句子间的逻辑关系，确定空格的词义。常见的逻辑关系有：并列关系、因果关系、转折关系等。
例题导读(2021年广东省卷短文填空)
Lao Pan's new book includes his forty seven 73 to his family back in America. show China's development in different periods.
【解析】通过分析下文句子间的逻辑关系可知，下文中的
letters说明是第二次提到，可推断出前文的空格处应填letters。
The letters
The
技巧三：词汇复现突破法
词汇复现是指某一词汇以原词、同根词(词性变化)等形式重复出现在语篇中，使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯。考生可追溯上下文或从文中相同或类似的结构中寻找复现词线索。
例题导读(2020年广东省卷短文填空)
They wanted to raise 70 to help their friends…Although it was only a …money, …
【解析】由下文raise…$ 17,000及复现的money可推断，此处填money。
技巧四：固定搭配突破法
短文填空常见的固定搭配有动词短语、名词短语、介词短语等，考生需熟记此类固定搭配，以帮助解题。
例题导读(2021年广东省卷短文填空)
These books give the world a fuller picture of China and Lao Pan what he is doing.
【解析】固定搭配：be proud of意为“以……为自豪”，故填proud。
is 72 of
建议一：平时多下功夫积累好基础知识，包括单词的形、音、义和词性。
建议二：注重同义词、反义词及词形和词性的转变以及常见搭配。
建议三：在夯实基础知识的基础上，多方位提升语感和分析能力。
Passage One(2021广东)
Many foreigners move to China because of a strong interest in its culture. One man has turned his interest into love and this love made 1 write many books about China. He is William, an American who has lived in China 2 33 years. His Chinese name is Pan Weilian. His Chinese friends 3 him “Lao Pan”．
In 1988, Lao Pan first came to China and 4 as a teacher in a university. But Lao Pan did not begin to understand China 5 he and his family took a 3 month drive around the country. These experiences in China gave him ideas for his books. Since then, he has 6 thirteen books about China. These books give the world a fuller picture of China and Lao Pan is 7 of what he is doing.
Lao Pan's new book includes his forty seven 8 to his family back in America. The letters show China's development in different periods. Lao Pan often says he loves China 9 its people so much. He sees it as a life long task to let more Westerners know 10 China is like. He will continue telling the nation's stories to the world.
1.__________ 2.　 　　 3.__________　 　
4.__________ 5.　 　 6.___________________　 　　
7.__________ 8.　 　 　 9.__________　 　　
10.　 　
him
for
call
worked
until
written/published
proud
letters
and
what
Passage Two (2020广东)
Jane is a warm hearted girl. She is only ten years old，
1 she has big ideas of helping other kids.
Jane took part in a winter camp 2 the age of eight. During her stay in the camp，she went to visit some kids in poor areas. She felt sad that the kids there didn't have new clothes to 3 and toys to play with. After she returned home，she kept thinking about 4 to do to help those kids.
One morning Jane saw some elder kids selling lemon juice by the street. They wanted to raise 5 to help their friends. Then she came up with an 6 ．
With the help of her mother，Jane 7 up her first lemonade stand (摊档)．In a week，it made $ 52. Although it was only a 8 money，she helped 12 kids with it! She felt very excited when she saws miles on 9 faces.
After that，her mother helped her start a program called Jane's Lemonade for Love. Up till now，she has already raised 10 than $17,000! She is going to spend the money on clothes，toys and books for the poor kids.
1.__________ 2.　 　　 3.__________ 　
4.__________ 5.　 　 6.__________　　
7.__________ 8.　 　 　 9.__________　　
10.　 　
but
at
wear
what
money
idea
set
little
their
more
Passage Three (2019广东)
Last winter holiday，I visited a village with only 11 houses. 1 the village was very small，I spent a whole day in it.
The village became popular because 2 Grandpa Huang's hard work. He bought a house there over 30 years 3 ，but in 2010 the village was to be pulled down. In order to save the old village, Grandpa Huang painted on the walls of
4 own house and other houses.He painted things that he liked. In the village，there were many paintings of 5 ，such as cats and birds. The most popular painting for visitors were of famous people. One of the pictures was Andy.He was my 6 singer. I liked him so much that I asked a visitors to 7 a photo of that painting and me. On the ground of the village，Grandpa Huang has painted 8 lot of well known Chinese sayings. From them，Grandpa Huang learned to live a long and happy 9 ．
I really had a good time in the village 10 wished to visit it again.
1.________________ 2.　 　　 3.__________　 　
4.________________ 5.　 　 6.__________　 　　
7.________________ 8.　 　 　 9.__________　 　　
10.　 　
Although/Though
of
ago
his
animals
favo(u)rite　
take
a
life
and
Passage Four (2018广东)
Will Johnson has worked his way up the list of most popular stars in his country. In fact，it is not surprising that Will is so successful if we know about his early life. Some valuable lessons he learnt as a child have strongly influenced him 1 his later life. One of them was from his father 2 was strict with him and his brother.
Once，Will and his brother Harry 3 given a job to rebuild a broken brick(砖)wall in the yard. The wall was fifty feet 4 and around sixteen feet high. The boys had to mix concrete(水泥)and place only one brick at a time. They didn't know why their father gave them 5 a huge job. 6 ，with the attitude (态度)of “one brick more”，both Will and Harry rebuilt the wall in 7 period of six months. Each time they were about to give up，their father 8 them up
patiently. Both brothers were so sad about the job at 9 ，but after completing the task，they felt a sense of pride，and so did their father. Even today when Will thinks that he won't be able to do something，he will look back to this experience and keep telling 10 ，“one brick at a time”．
1.__________ 2.　 　　 3.__________　 　
4.__________ 5.　 　 6.__________　 　　
7.__________ 8.　 　 　 9.__________　 　　
10.　 　
in
who/that
were
wide
such
However
a
cheered
first
himself
Passage One
Have you ever heard the saying, “Home, sweet home？” This is just another 1 of saying that it's nice to be home!
What do you like best about being at home
Maybe you 2 staying with your mum and dad. Maybe you have a pet to play with.Spending time 3 your family makes being at home special.
Your bedroom makes home special, too. Your toys, your books, 4 your favorite things are in your bedroom. Consider what you like best about your room. Maybe you like to have a 5 place to read a book or to think about your day.
Mealtime can be a special time at home. Families sit around the 6 to eat the food mum or dad has prepared.
It's a time to share 7 interesting stories of the day.
How do you help at home
There are a lot of things to do to make home a special place. 8 does the chores (杂活) at home When families work together, it makes them easier and more fun for everyone. Maybe you can 9 lay the dinner table or clear the places. Maybe you can __ 10 the vegetable garden or the houseplants.
Think about what you can do, so that when you come home every day, you can say, “Home, sweet home！”
1.__________ 2.　 　　 3.__________　 　
4.__________ 5.　 　 6.__________　 　　
7.__________ 8.　 　 　 9.__________　 　　
10.　 　
way
enjoy
with
and
quiet
table
your
Who　
help
water
Passage Two
It was special for me because I joined in the 800 meter race for the first time last week. I ran hard every day, 1 I was still worried on the day of the meeting.
As we lined up: my arms were shaking and my 2 was pounding (跳动) quickly. Facing the endless runway, I told 3 that participating is a success itself. I started to calm down.
Just then, the starting gun went off and all the runners rushed out 4 tigers running down a hill. I realized that if I kept on running, I would 5 up almost all my energy and I felt like I had trouble breathing! How I wished someone could 6 me a hand then! I really wanted to stop and sit down. I reminded myself that perseverance (坚持) is a victory and I was filled with strength again. With 7 remaining strength, I desperately (拼命地) managed to run to the 8 of the track.
I ended up coming in the ninth place but I was 9 of myself. Above all, I changed myself into a 10 girl like a hero.
1.__________ 2.　 　　 3.__________　 　
4.__________ 5.　 　 6.__________　 　　
7.__________ 8.　 　 　 9.__________　 　　
10.　 　
but
heart
myself
like
use
lend
my
end
proud
brave
Passage Three
To remind people of those classic Chinese poems, CCTV produced the second season of Chinese Poetry Competition on Feb. 7.
Wu Yishu, 16, who 1 at a high school in Shanghai, came first. Wu surprised the 2 in a section entitled “Feihualing”．The theme was “ yue ”， meaning “moon” or “ 3 ” in Chinese. She recited lines from the Classic of
Poetry (《诗经》), which is the 4 collection of poems in China.
“I really admire 5 knowledge of poems，” said Huang Zijin, 16. “When I saw her in traditional Han clothing on TV, I was very impressed 6 her classical looks.”
“Learning poems isn't about winning 7 losing. The power of poetry lies in shaping one's view of life and developing one's inner (内心的) 8 ，” said Li Bo, an expert guest. Though ancient Chinese poems in the textbooks of primary and secondary schools has increased, many students 9 learn them for exams. He 10 that teachers should explain more about the beauty of the poetry, and guide the students to lose themselves in the poems rhythmic (有节奏的) and rhyming (押韵的) lines.
1.__________ 2.　 　　 3.__________　 　
4.__________ 5.　 　 6.__________　 　　
7.__________ 8.　 　 　 9.__________　 　　
10.　 　
studies
viewers/audience
month
earliest
her
by
or
world
still
suggested/said
Passage Four
Dear Linda，
I'm so excited. Guess what—it's my Dad's 40th birthday next week, so we're going to London to celebrate 1 ! Cool, eh
We're flying over on Thursday evening. As soon as we 2 , we'll go on a tour of the city. We'll take a trip on the River Thames, which divides the city into two parts. This way, we can see almost every place of 3 in London.
On Friday morning, we're going to the Tate Modern. 4 it's not far from our hotel, we're going to the London Eye. I can't 5 to see the Houses of Parliament from up there!
Saturday is for shopping. Mum advises 6 to buy something. I bought a teddy bear for my cousin as a 7 ．We're going to Portobello Road in the morning. Then in the afternoon, we'll visit Harrods—the most 8 shop in London! Dad's not very happy about it, 9 I'm sure he'll
enjoy it when we're there.
On Sunday morning, we're going to Hyde Park, and we're going 10 by plane in the afternoon. It's my dream trip and it's happening!
Hope everything's OK with you.
Lots of love，
Andy
1._________________ 2.　 　　 3.__________　 　
4._________________ 5.　 　 6.__________　 　　
7._________________ 8.　 　 　 9.__________　 　　
10.　 　
it
arrive
interest
Since/As/Because
wait
me
present/gift
famous
but
home
Passage Five
Almost every day, we discuss the topic of health.But what is health
“Health” means eating well, getting 1 exercise and having a healthy lifestyle. Here is some useful 2 ．
★ Eat different kinds of food, especially fruit and vegetables. We all know that eating fruit and vegetables keeps us healthy, 3 many of us only eat our favorite food. Remember that we can only get 4 our body needs by eating all sorts of food.
★ Water and milk should be drunk often. 5 knows that water is important. Besides water, kids also need plenty of calcium (钙) to grow strong bones, which is rich in milk. Every
day, you should drink at 6 three cups of milk, when you are 9 years old or older. You'd better try to have drinks 7 little sugar.
★ Pay 8 to your body.When you are eating, notice how your body feels. When your stomach is full, 9 eating.Eating too much makes you become fat and unhealthy.
★ Limit the amount of time you spend watching TV and playing computer games. Try to 10 more time doing
sports, like running, swimming and so on.
1.__________ 2.　 　 　 3.__________　 　
4.__________ 5.　 　 6.__________　 　　
7.__________ 8.　 　 　 9.__________　 　　
10.　 　
enough
advic
but
what
Everyone/Everybody
least
with
attention
stop
spend
Passage Six
Driving after drinking alcohol (酒精) is very dangerous. You should know your driving skills can be affected 1 just one or two drinks. Even if you drink below the legal limit (法定上限), you can still be taken away if a 2 officer thinks your driving has been affected by alcohol.
It 3 a long time for the body to get rid of the alcohol. So if you 4 too much in the evening, you might
find that your driving skills are still affected the next morning.
In a test with professional 5 , if they drank too much, they were hardly able to drive the car！So the only way to be sure you are 6 is that you don't drink at all.
One in three of the drivers who are killed in road 7 have levels of alcohol which are over the legal limit. And they are the 8 cause of death among young men. It is important to remember that driving after drinking doesn't
just affect 9 but also affect others.If you cause an accident, it can affect a lot of other people, especially the person you might kill 10 injure.
1.__________ 2.　 　　 3.__________　 　
4.__________ 5.　 　 6.__________　 　　
7.__________ 8.　 　 　 9.__________　 　　
10.　 　
by
police
takes
drink
drivers
safe
accidents
biggest
yourself
or
Passage Seven
Do you often throw away things you don't need any more Have you ever thought about 1 we can reuse these things 2 is a waste if you have a creative mind.
You have probably never heard of Amy Hayes, 3 she is a most unusual woman. She lives in a house in the UK that she built out of rubbish herself. The windows and doors come from old 4 that were pulled down around her town. The
top 5 the house is an old boat that is turned upside down. And the gate in front of her house is 6 of rocks and old glass bottles. Amy recently won a prize from the Help Save Our Planet Society. The president said, “Amy is an inspiration to us all.”
Amy isn't the 7 one who is good at recycling. Wang Tao is known for making art pieces with metal materials from old cars. His large pieces are often seen in the streets or
parks. You can put 8 pieces at home. You can even see his 9 in art shops around the city. Wang Tao hopes to 10 up a “metal art” theme park to show people the importance of environmental protection.
1._____________ 2.　 　　 3.__________　 　
4._____________ 5.　 　 6.__________　 　　
7._____________ 8.　 　 　 9.__________　 　　
10.　 　
how
Nothing
but
buildings/houses
of
made
only
small/smaller
works
set
Passage Eight
In the COVID 19 epicenter Wuhan, a coffee shop named Wakanda is getting thousands of online orders every day. None of the customers order for themselves 1 for medical workers fighting at the front line.
Wakanda has started to 2 free coffee to medical workers since the city was locked down. “We have noticed that there is a huge need in the 3 in Wuhan, ” Wakanda
Store manager Li Fei said, “They are working 4 at the front line.Why don't we do our part to support 5 ？”
Touched by Wakanda's story, people on the Internet came out to 6 Wuhan.Wakanda got 10,000 online orders in three days and sent 7,850 7 of coffee free to medical workers in 20 days.
On each cup of coffee, a shopkeeper would 8 down the buyer's name and inspiring words, such as “It is so good to have you.” or “Respect for all your efforts.”
“After the end of the epidemic, I will visit Wakanda in person! I believe the taste is much 9 than that in other shops！” posted @Lanlandepengyou on Weibo.
There may be no superheroes 10 the world. The fireflies converge (会聚) into a river of stars.
1.__________ 2.　 　　 3.__________　 　
4.__________ 5.　 　 6.__________　 　　
7.__________ 8.　 　 　 9.__________　 　　
10.　 　
but
send
hospitals
hard
them
support/help
cups
write
better/nicer
in/around/across